OBIETTIVO: LE MINIERE DI TREPCA
Articoli di DIANA JOHNSTONE e MICHEL CHOSSUDOVSKY
KAKO TO RADE MAJSTORI:
PLAN I PROPAGANDA ZA ZAUZIMANJE RUDNIKA TREPCA
PISE: DIJANA DZONSTON (na kraju poruka!)
In un messaggio precedente abbiamo cercato di chiarire il ruolo
dell'International Crisis Group, organizzazione legata al Dipartimento
di Stato, al Council for Foreign Relations nonche' al grande carrozzone
della Fondazione Soros.
Come esempio pratico del tipo di intervento che si prefiggono questi
personaggi, gettiamo uno sguardo alla loro attuale campagna su
Mitrovica. Alcuni collaboratori dell'ICG hanno iniziato da qualche
settimana a diffondere articoli e commenti sui ben noti problemi di
quella citta' (si veda ad esempio l'articolo
http://www.thestar.com/thestar/editorial/opinion/20000223NEW02b_OP-BALKANS.html
) nei quali si accusa la Jugoslavia - e si continua paradossalmente ad
agitare lo spettro della "Grande Serbia" - per gli incidenti causati in
realta' dagli irredentisti panalbanesi spalleggiati dalla truppe KFOR.
Gia' da alcune settimane, ben prima degli ultimi scontri, l'ICG aveva
messo in circolazione una delle sue ben note "analisi della situazione"
("Trepca: Making Sense of the Labyrinth", 26 November 1999) che ha il
pregio di chiarire - per chi sa leggere - quale sia uno dei veri nodi
del contendere: e cioe' i ricchissimi giacimenti minerari situati nella
zona di Mitrovica (Trepca). Il suddetto "report" si puo' leggere
integralmente alla URL
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/icg.htm
Di seguito riportiamo invece un commento a riguardo, scritto dalla
bravissima Diana Johnstone, e piu' avanti una analisi di M. Chossudovsky
sulla politica di rapina delle risorse del Kosmet, comprese le miniere,
attuata delle grandi potenze.
---
How it is done---
TAKING OVER THE TREPCA MINES: PLANS AND PROPAGANDA
by Diana Johnstone (2-28-00)
www.tenc.net [emperors-clothes]
INTRODUCTION
by Jared Israel
I just got off the phone with Diana Johnstone, the journalist and
student of
international affairs. I called after reading her article, "How it is
done."
I wanted to write a short introduction, but I was at a loss for word.
In the article, Diana reveals that the International Crisis Group,
funded by
George Soros, has plans on how best to take over - may I say 'steal'? -
Yugoslavia's fabulous Trepca Mines. How to steal and how to sell the
theft
to
greatest effect.
Diana told me that she is speechless about everything the West has done
in
Kosovo. Albanian terrorists, essentially U.S. proxies, attack French
KFOR
troops; the French knuckle under; and US Ambassador to the UN Holbrooke
blames - Milosevich? Albanians, many from far away, mass in Mitrovica,
screaming for Serbian blood - and Holbrooke says the Serbian government
better stop, or else?
At the end of Diana's analysis I've posted links to the Crisis Group
report
and to a rnews story that Diana also mentions.
--ji
Here is "HOW IT IS DONE" -
Comparison of two documents, a November 1999 International Crisis Group
(ICG)
paper on the Trepca mining complex, and a February 23, 2000 article in
the
Toronto Star by ICG consultant Susan Blaustein, provides an
exceptionally
clear glimpse into the workings of the "international community".
The International Crisis Group is a high-level think tank supported by
financier George Soros. It was set up in 1995, primarily to provide
policy
guidance to governments involved in the NATO-led reshaping of the
Balkans.
Its leading figures include top U.S. policy maker Morton Abramowitz, the
eminence grise of NATO's new "humanitarian intervention" policy and
sponsor
of Kosovo Albanian separatists.
Last November 26, the ICG issued a paper on "Trepca: Making Sense of the
Labyrinth" which advised the United Nations Mission In Kosovo (UNMIK) to
take
over the Trepca mining complex from the Serbs as quickly as possible and
explained how this should be done. The February article by the ICG
journalist
represents a vulgarization of the anti-Serb position designed to prepare
public opinion for carrying out the ICG policy. There will no doubt be
more.
The ICG Paper: Manipulative Ambiguities
Trepca is a conglomerate of some 40 mines and factories, mostly but not
all
in Kosovo, notably including Stari Trg, "one of the richest mines in
Europe"
and the richest in the Balkans, currently shut down, and the Zvecan
smelter,
located northwest of Mitrovica and still being operated by Serb
management.
The ICG calls on UNMIK, headed by Bernard Kouchner, to cut through legal
disputes over the industry's ownership and take over management of
Trepca
itself.
On July 25, Kouchner issued a decree that "UNMIK shall administer
movable or
immovable property, including monetary accounts, and other property of,
or
registered in the name of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or the
Republic
of Serbia or any of its organs, which is in the territory of Kosovo".
The
ICG
paper concluded that "UNMIK and KFOR should implement a rapid and
categorical
takeover of the Trepca complex, including the immediate total shutdown
of
the
environmentally hazardous facilities at Zvecan". What is really wrong
with
Zvecan is that it is run by Serbs and provides revenue to Yugoslavia.
But in the "game-plan of measures" recommended by the ICG, UNMIK is
advised
to instruct a "Zvecan environmental assessment team" to report on the
status
of the equipment and thereupon "advise as to what measures must be
taken"...
Environmental hazards are to be the pretext to shut down Zvecan and
deprive
the last Serbs in Kosovo of their livelihood. Meanwhile, "Stari Trg, one
of
the richest mines in Europe, must be potentially profitable again and
should
be a priority for donors interested in setting Kosovo on its feet".
The game-plan calls for a gradual start up of mining to reassure the
"Kosovars", meaning ethnic Albanians, of their future. For although the
ICG
says that the "workforce and management of all Trepca facilities should
be
selected on a merit basis only", it adds that "no one with ties to the
Belgrade regime should be considered" -- and it is habitual to identify
all
Serbs with "the Belgrade regime", even to ignore their existence other
than
as "agents of Milosevic".
This blatant takeover of valuable property in what is still nominally
part
of
Serbia is of course justified as a necessary measure to reassure the
oppressed Albanians. "The return to work of even a few hundred Kosovar
miners
would represent, for all Kosovars, the reclaiming of their patrimony".
The media event is easy to imagine. But if the ICG hostility toward the
Serbs
seems genuine, the love for the Albanians may be less than perfect. In
the
ICG's brief account of past ethnic clashes over Trepca management,
underlying
the habitual anti-Serb bias is the basic hypocrisy of dominant powers
manipulating two peoples against each other. The ICG report notes that
Trepca
"has long stood for Kosovar Albanians as the symbol of Serbian
oppression
and
of their own resistance", and recounts that after 1974, finally able to
manage the Trepca facilities themselves, Kosovars "created thousands of
jobs", but that "in 1981-82, a sort of `Trepca-gate' scandal -- in which
Kosovar Albanian workers were accused of having stolen vast quantities
of
gold and silver -- was the pretext for firing many engineers and
technicians". Whether the theft was real or merely a "pretext" is of no
interest to the international community ... so long as the Serbs were in
charge.
But afterwards? The report concludes that: "Simply handing Trepca over
to
the
Kosovars is ruled out by the shortage of modern skills available
locally,
the
need for internationally-verifiable standards to avoid corruption" as
well
as
damage to the installations. And as for those "thousands of jobs"
created by
and for Kosovo Albanians, they are not on the international community
agenda.
"The social impact of the reduced work force would need to be balanced
against the need for competitively based private investment", the ICG
observes. Fortunately, the ICG finds that the young leadership of the
"Kosovo
Liberation Army" is "somewhat impatient" with the older Kosovo Albanian
leadership group's interest in "a huge workforce" and prefers
modernization
that will require foreign investment capital. No wonder Washington chose
to
back the violent KLA.
The manipulative hypocrisy of the ICG policy designers is even more
blatant
concerning the Serbs. The ICG urges UNMIK to hurry up with the game plan
for
taking over the valuable mining complex _before_ Serbian elections so
that a
new government more to the West's liking cannot be accused of "losing
Trepca". All Serbian leaders, including opposition leaders, the ICG
observes,
will have to protest when UNMIK takes over Trepca and the Zvecan
smelter.
"However they could exploit the argument that the `loss' was due to the
pariah status of Milosevic himself, so that once again Serbia has lost
assets
due to his presence in office. So provided action were taken before any
elections in Serbia it need not upset, and might contribute to, any
strategy
for unseating Milosevic." In short, the international community is going
to
take over Trepca whoever is in charge in Belgrade; better do it while
Milosevic is there, so that the Western-backed "progressive, democratic"
opposition can pretend it was the fault of Milosevic!
Media Propaganda: Familiarity versus Truth
Such cynicism is hard to surpass, but there is always room to add a few
lies.
This is the task of the media propaganda aimed at getting the general
public
to swallow the policies decided by elite think tanks and governments.
The
February 23, 2000 article in The Toronto Star by ICG senior consultant
Susan
Blaustein, "Mitrovica flashpoint for the next Balkan war", deserves a
Jamie
Shea award for the most shameless war propaganda of the month. The
clichés
are all there, "centuries-old hatreds" (not our fault, folks); then
focus on
the single culprit: Milosevic; the unreliable French seeking appeasement
versus the need for the international community to display "backbone"
and
stand up to "Milosevic's test of its resolve". For Blaustein, it is
Milosevic, of course, who is causing trouble in the city of Mitrovica
because
of his "keen financial interest" in the Trepca mining complex and the
Zvecan
smelter. NATO has occupied Kosovo and watched for eight months while
Albanians murder, terrorize and drive out most of the non-Albanian
population, but Blaustein is able to write (and the newspaper to
publish)
that: "The city is a lynchpin in Belgrade's `Greater Serbia' strategy of
expelling non-Serbs from the region." The November 1999 ICG report noted
that: "International financial officials have long recognized the
minerals
industry as being prime for money laundering" throughout the world
because
of
its structure and suggested that "the interest of the Milosevic circle
in
exploiting the Trepca facilities might go beyond the simple operation of
sharing out the profits." This speculation is taken a step further by
Blaustein, who writes that the smelter in Zvecan "is widely believed to
have
served the regime as an efficient money-laundering mechanism". But in
any
case, if the Serbs are running Zvecan to their profit, why would they
want
to
make trouble? Ah, that Milosevic! It is because "Mitrovica is
Milosevic's
only remaining foothold in Kosovo" so "he has decided to call the bluff
of
the international community". The world is one big "test of wills" where
little guys are forever "calling the bluff" of giants so the giants will
wipe
them out. The little guys seem to enjoy doing that, don't ask why.
Blaustein
goes on to excuse the Albanians for recent violence and blame the
French. It
is not the Serbs who are being driven out of Kosovo, but the Albanians
who
are victims of "Milosevic's operatives" who "monitor, harass, terrorize
and
expel ethnic Albanian civilians who dare to live in or travel to the
Serb
side of town". The rocket attack on a bus carrying Serb civilians, which
killed two of them, was "not unprovoked"; the Albanians were impatient
with
the international community for turning a blind eye to "Serbs'
oppression of
ethnic Albanians"... By not allowing mobs of angry ethnic Albanians to
take
over the last part of Kosovo where Serbs are still managing to live more
or
less normally, "international officials are abandoning the U.N.'s stated
commitment to create and protect a multi-ethnic society in Kosovo",
according
to Blaustein. This tract is meant to cast the blame in advance for what
Blaustein calls the "next Balkan war". It is in total contradiction to
the
facts of what has been happening in Kosovo during eight months of
foreign
occupation.
How then can anyone dare to write or publish such an article? The answer
is
that the propagandists are counting on the tendency of uninformed
readers to
mistake what is familiar for what is true. The cliches about "Milosevic"
and
"Greater Serbia" are familiar. The truth is not. If and when the "next
Balkan
war" breaks out and the "international community" takes full control of
the
Trepca industrial complex, the distracted public need not pay too much
attention, since everybody already knows what it's all about: that evil
dictator Milosevic is causing trouble again.
- Diana Johnstone, 28 February 2000
***
To read the ICG report, "Trepca: Making Sense of the Labyrinth," please
go
to
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/icg.htm
To read the Blaustein article, please go to
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/flashpoint.htm
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---
State terror and the "free market" -
Opening Kosovo to foreign capital
by Michel Chossudovsky (3-3-00)
www.tenc.net [emperors-clothes]
In occupied Kosovo under the mandate of UN peace-keeping, State terror
and
the "free market" go hand in hand. The concurrent criminalisation of
State
institutions is not incompatible with the West’s economic and strategic
objectives in the Balkans. Notwithstanding the massacres of civilians,
the
self-proclaimed KLA administration has committed itself to establishing
a
"secure and stable environment" for foreign investors and international
financial institutions.
The Minister of Finance Adem Grobozci and other representatives of the
provisional government invited to the various donor conferences are all
KLA
appointees. In contrast, members of the KDL of Ibrahim Rugova (in duly
elected parliamentary elections) were not even invited to attend the
Stabilization Summit in Sarajevo in July 1999. More recently UNMIK Head
Bernanrd Kouchner has called for the dissolution of Rugaova’s
parliament.
"Free market reforms" have been envisaged for Kosovo under the
supervision of
the Bretton Woods institutions largely replicating the structures of the
Rambouillet agreement. Article I (Chapter 4a) of the Rambouillet
Agreement
stipulated that: "The economy of Kosovo shall function in accordance
with
free market principles". The KLA government will largely be responsible
for
implementing these reforms and ensuring that loan conditionalities are
met.
In close liaison with NATO, the Washington based financial institutions
had
already analyzed the consequences of an eventual military intervention
leading to the occupation of Kosovo: almost a year prior to the
beginning of
the War, the World Bank conducted "simulations" which "anticipated the
possibility of an emergency scenario arising out of the tensions in
Kosovo". 1
While the bombing was still ongoing, the World Bank and the European
Commission were given a special mandate for "coordinating donors'
economic
assistance in the Balkans"2. The underlying terms of reference did not
exclude Yugoslavia from receiving donor support. It was, however,
clearly
stipulated that Belgrade would be eligible for reconstruction loans
"once
political conditions there change".3.
With regard to Kosovo, the World Bank rather than providing loans to
rebuild
the province’s infrastructure has focussed its intervention on providing
"assistance in designing the reconstruction and recovery program" as
well as
so-called "policy advice in economic management" and "institution
building"
namely "governance" 4. In other words, an army of lawyers and
consultants
have been sent in to ensure Kosovo’s transition to a "thriving, open and
transparent market economy." 5
Support granted to the KLA provisional government would be geared
towards
"the establish[ment] [of] transparent, effective and sustainable
institutions" 6. An "enabling environment" for foreign capital is to be
established alongside suitably devised "social safety nets" and "poverty
alleviation programs".
Meanwhile, Yugoslav State banks operating in Pristina have been closed
down.
The Deutschmark has been adopted as legal tender and the banking system
has
been handed over to Germany’s Commerzbank A.G which is the sole private
shareholder in Micro Enterprise Bank (MEB) formed in early 2000 at the
initiative of the World Bank’s International Finance Corporation (IFC),
the
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) together with
the
Nederlandse Financierings-Maatschappij voor Ontwikkelingslanden (FMO),
Germany’s Internationale Micro Investitionen (IMI) and Kreditanstalt für
Wiederaufbau (KfW). Commerzbank AG will gain control over commercial
banking
functions for the province including money transfers and foreign
exchange
transactions.7
The Trebca Mines
The "reconstruction" of Kosovo financed by international debt largely
purports to transfer Kosovo’s extensive wealth in mineral resources and
coal
to multinational capital. In this regard, the KLA had already occupied
(pending their privatization) the largest coal mine at Belacevac in
Dobro
Selo northwest of Pristina. In turn, foreign capital had its eyes
riveted on
the massive Trepca mining complex which constitutes "the most valuable
piece
of real estate in the Balkans, worth at least $5 billion." 8 The Trebca
complex not only includes copper and large reserves of zinc but also
cadmium,
gold, and silver. It has several smelting plants, 17 metal treatment
sites, a
power plant and Yugoslavia’s largest battery plant. Northern Kosovo also
has
estimated reserves of 17 billion tons of coal and lignite.
The management of some of the State owned enterprises and public
utilities
were taken over by KLA appointees. In turn, the leaders of the
Provisional
Government of Kosovo (PGK) have become "the brokers" of multinational
capital
committed to handing over the Kosovar economy at bargain prices to
foreign
investors.
In the wake of the bombings, the Zvecan smelter (belonging to the Trebca
Complex) located northwest of Mitrovica, however, remained under Serb
management.9 In July 1999, UNMIK head of mission Bernard Kouchner issued
a
decree to the effect that: "UNMIK shall administer movable or immovable
property, including monetary accounts, and other property of, or
registered
in the name of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or the Republic of
Serbia
or any of its organs, which is in the territory of Kosovo".10 .
In November 1999, the International Crisis Group(ICG) a think tank
supported
by Financier George Soros, issued a paper on "Trepca: Making Sense of
the
Labyrinth" which advised the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK)
"to
take over the Trepca mining complex from the Serbs as quickly as
possible and
explained how this should be done" prior to their eventual
privatization.11
Meanwhile, the George Soros Foundation for an Open Society had opened a
branch office in Pristina establishing the Kosovo Foundation for an Open
Society (KFOS) as part of the Soros’ network of "non-profit foundations"
in
the Balkans, Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Together with
the
World Bank’s Post Conflict Trust Fund, the Kosovo Open Society
Foundation
(KOSF) will be providing "targeted support" for "the development of
local
governments to allow them to serve their communities in a transparent,
fair,
and accountable manner."12 Since most of these local governments are in
the
hands of KLA appointees, this program is unlikely to meet its declared
objective. Out of the 20 million dollars budget for this program, only
one
million dollars is being provided by the World Bank.
NOTES
1. World Bank Development News, Washington, 27 April 1999.
2 World Bank Group Response to Post Conflict Reconstruction in Kosovo:
General Framework For an Emergency Assistance Strategy,
http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/kosovo/kosovo_st.htm undated).
3. Ibid
4. Ibid
5. Ibid
6 World Bank, The World Bank's Role in Reconstruction and Recovery in
Kosovo,
http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/pb/pbkosovo.htm, undated)
7. International Finance Corporation (IFC), International Consortium
Backs
Kosovo's First Licensed Bank,
http://www.ifc.org/ifc/pressroom/Archive/2000/00_90/00_90.html Press
Release,
Washington, 24 January 2000.
8. New York Times, July 8, 1998, report by Chris Hedges.
9.See Diana Johnstone, How it is done, Taking over the Trepca Mines:
Plans
and Propaganda,
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/howitis.htm Emperors
Clothes, 28 February 2000.
10. Quoted in Johnstone, op. cit.
11. See Johnstone, op cit. For the ICG report see
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/icg.htm
12. World Bank, KOSF and World Bank, World Bank Launches First Kosovo
Project, Washington, http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/extme/097.htm
November 16, 1999 News Release No. 2000/097/ECA.
C Copyright by Michel Chossudovsky, Ottawa, February 2000. All rights
reserved. Permission is granted to post this text on noncommercial
community
internet sites, provided the essay remains intact and the copyright note
is
displayed. The text can also be photocopied for non-commercial
distribution.
To publish this text in printed and/or other forms contact the author at
chossudovsky@... or fax: 1-514-4256224.
Further reading...
Articles by Prof. Chossudovsky
"Cooking the books -
NATO's ethnic cleansing claims challenged"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/nato.htm
"Seattle and Beyond: Disarming the New World Order"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/seattle.htm
"NATO's Reign of Terror in Kosovo"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/chossnato.htm
"The KLA: Grim Origins"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/kla.html
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www.tenc.net [emperors-clothes]
---
KAKO TO RADE MAJSTORI:
PLAN I PROPAGANDA ZA ZAUZIMANJE RUDNIKA TREPCA
PISE: DIJANA DZONSTON
WWW.TENC.NET [CAREVO NOVO ODELO]
Prevod i obrada: Nebojsa Malic
Poredjenjem dva dokumenta, izvestaja Medjunarodne Krizne Grupe
[International
Crisis Group (ICG)] o rudniku Trepca iz novembra 1999. i nedavnog clanka
njihovog konsultanta Suzan Blaustajn u Toronto Star-u, moze se doci do
izuzetno jasnog uvida u delovanje «medjunarodne zajednice».
Medjunarodna Krizna Grupa je visokotirazni politicki institut koji
podrzava,
izmedju ostalog, finansijer Dzordz Soros. Osnovana je 1995., pretezno da
bi
savetovala vlade koje su ucestvovale u prekrajanju Balkana pod vodstvom
NATO.
Medju njenim istaknutim liderima je americki politicki savetnik Morton
Abramovic, siva eminencija NATO-ve nove politike «humanitarne
intervencije» i
sponzor separatizma kosovskih Albanaca.
Dvadeset sestog novembra prosle godine, ICG je objavio analizu pod
naslovom
«Trepca: Izlaz iz lavirinta», u kom se savetovalo misiji UN-a na Kosovu
[UNMIK] da sto brze preuzme rudnik Trepca od Srba, uz objasnjenje na
koji
nacin bi to trebalo da se postigne. Februarski clanak ICG-ovog
novinara-konsultanta predstavlja uproscavanje antisrpske pozicije koja
bi
trebalo da pripremi javnost za izvodjenje plana ICG-a. U tome bez sumnje
nece
ostati usamljen.
Izvestaj ICG-a: Manipulacija nejasnocama
Trepca je slozena organizacija nekih 40 rudnika i fabrika, koji su
vecinom,
ali ne iskljucivo, smesteni na Kosovu. Medju njima je i trenutno
zatvoreni
Stari Trg, «jedan od najbogatijih rudnika u Evropi» i najbogatiji na
Balkanu,
kao i postrojenje za preradu rude u Zvecanu, severozapadno o0d
Mitrovice,
kojim jos uvek upravljaju Srbi. ICG trazi od UNMIK-a i njegovo vodje
Bernara
Kusnera da preseku pravne sporove oko vlasnistva nad rudnikom i preuzmu
upravljanje Trepcom.
Kusner je 25. jula 1999 izdao uredbu kojom «UNMIK ima nadleznost nad
pokretnom i nepokretnom imovinom, ukljucujuci bankovne racune, i svakom
drugom imovinom koja je vlasnistvo, ili je registrovana u ime Savezne
Republike Jugoslavije ili Republike Srbije, a koja se nalazi na
teritoriji
Kosova». Analiza ICG-a zakljucuje da «UNMIK i KFOR treba pih hitno da u
potpunosti preuzmu kompleks Trepca, ukljucujuci i zatvaranje ekoloski
stetnog
postrojenja u Zvecanu.». Ono sto im stvarno smeta u Zvecanu je da tim
postrojenjem upravljaju Srbi i ostvaruju prihod u korist Jugoslavije.
Ali u «planu mera» koje preporucuje ICG, UNMIK-u se preporucuje da
nalozi
«komisiji za ekolosku procenu Zvecana» da podnese izvestaj o stanju
tamosnje
opreme i «savetuje kakve korake je potrebno preduzeti»... Ekoloski rizik
bi
trebalo da bude paravan za zatvaranje Zvecana i otimanje hleba od
poslednjih
preostalih Srba na Kosovu. U medjuvremenu, «Stari Trg, jedan od
najborgatijih
rudnika u Evropi, mora da ponovo bude profitabilan i treba da pude
prioritet
donatorima koji su zainteresovani za osamostaljivanje Kosova.»
Plan predvidja postepeno otpocinjanje rada rudokopa, koje bi obezbedilo
buducnost «Kosovarima», pod cime se podrazumevaju lica albanske
nacionalnosti. Jer iako ICG sluzbeno izjavljuje da «radnike i upravu
rudnika
Trepca treba birati iskljucivo na osnovu sposobnosti,» dodaje se da «ne
bi
trebalo uzimati u obzir nikoga ko ima veze sa rezimom u Beogradu.» A vec
je
postao obicaj da se svi Srbi smatraju «rezimom u Beogradu» i da oni
postoje
samo kao «agenti Milosevica».
Ovakva pljacka vredne imovine na teritoriji koja jos uvek sluzbeno
pripada
Srbiji se, naravno, izvodi pod izgovorom da je to neophodna mera za
oporavak
ugnjetenih Albanaca. «Povratak na posao maka i nekolicine Kosovarskih
rudara
bi za sve Kosovare predstavljao ostvarenje prava na njihovu ocevinu.»
Medijski cirkus je lako zamisliti. Ali mada je mrznja ICG-a prema Srbima
svesrdna, njihova ljubav prema Albancima mozda nije toliko cista. U
ICG-ovom
kratkom opisu istorijata etnickih sukoba oko Trepce, koji se odlikuje
uobicajenim antisrpskim stilom, ipak se nalazi tracak licemerja velike
sile
koja manipulise dva naroda u medjusobnoj borbi. Analiza ICG-a kazuje
kako je
Trepca «dugo kosovskim Albancima bila simbol sprkog ugnjetavanja i
njihovog
otpora» i prepricava kako su 1974, kada su konacno preuzeli kontrolu nad
Trepcom, «Kosovari stvorili na hiljde novih radnih mesta», ali da je
«1981-82. godine skandal u Trepci – u kome su rudari-kosovski Albanci
optuzeni za kradju velikih kolicina zlata i srebra – posluzio kao
izgovor za
otpustanje mnogiz inzinjera i tehnicara.» Da li je kradja bila stvarna
ili
samo «izgovor» medjunarodnu zajednicu se previse i ne tice... posto su
Trepcom tada upravljali Srbi.
Ali sta posle? U izvestaju se kaze da «Pradaja Trepce u ruke Kosovara ne
dolazi u obzir, posto na lokalnom nivou postoji nestasica kvalifikacija,
kao
i medjunarodnog standarda koji bi sprecio korupciju» i ostecenje
postrojenja.
Sto se tice «hiljada radnih mesta» koje su kosovski Albanci stvorili za
sebe,
njih na medjunarodnom dnevnom redu nema nigde. «Posledice smanjenog
broja
radnika po drustvo moraju da budu u ravnotezi sa potrebom za
kompetitivnim
privatnim investicijama,» kaze ICG. Srecom, ICG zakljucuje da su mladi
rukovodioci «Oslobodilacke Vojske Kosova ponesto nestrpljivi» kada su u
pitanju interesti starijih vodja kosovskih Albanaca da zaposle «ogromnu
radnu
snagu», i da su naklonjeniji modernizaciji koja bi zahtevala strani
kapital.
Onda ni ne cudi sto je Vasington odlucio da podrzi nasilnicku OVK.
Manipulacije i licemerje savetnika ICG-a je jos bezobraznije u odnosu na
Srbe. ICG savetuje UNMIK da pozuri sa preuzimanjem vrednog rudarskog
kompleksa pre izbora u Srbiji, kako se nova vlada koja bi vise
odgovarala
Zapadu ne bi mogla okriviti za «gubitak Trepce». Svaki vodja Srba,
ukljucujuci i opozicionare, bi morao da protestuje kada UNMIK preuzme
Trepcu
i Zvecane. «Ali, oni [opozicija] bi mogli da iskoriste argument da je
'gubitak' u stvari posledica Milosevicevog statusa, i da je Srbija jos
jednom
izgubila vrednu imovinu zbog njegovog psirustva na vlasti. Ukoliko se
preuzimanje izvrsi pre izbora u Srbiji, nece ostetiti – cak bi moglo i
da
bude pozitivno – bilo koju strategiju za smenjivanje Milosevica.»
Ukratko,
posto ce medjunarodna zajednica da preuzme Trepcu bez obzira ko je na
vlasti
u Beogradu, bolje je da se to uradi dok je na vlasti Milosevic, kako bi
onda
«progresivna i demokratska» opozicija» koju podrzava Zapad mogla da za
to
optuzi Milosevica!
Propaganda u medijima: «Vec vidjeno» protiv istine
Ovakav cinizam je tesko nadmasiti, ali zato uvek ima mesta za dodatne
lazi.
To postaje zadatak medijske propagande, koja javnost mora da ubedi da
proguta
gorku politiku elitistickih savetnika i vladara. Clanak vise savetnice
ICG-a
Suzan Blaustajn «Mitrovica: iskra sledeceg rata na Balkanu», objavljen
23.
februara 2000. godine u Toronto Star-u, zasluzuje nagradu Dzejmi Sej za
najbesramniji primerak ratne propagande ovog meseca.
U njemu su sadrzani svi klisei: «vekovna mrznja» (izvinite, narode, ali
nije
do nas); fokus na jednog i jedinog krivca: Milosevica; Francuzi kojima
se ne
moze verovati jer traze kompromis nasuprot potrebi medjunarodne
zajednica da
«pokaze kicmu» suprotstavi se «Milosevicevom ispitu volje». Blaustajn,
naravno, smatra da Milosevic, izaziva nerede u Mitrovici zbog njegovog
«finansijskog interesa» u rudnicima Trepce i postrojenjima u Zvecanu.
NATO
drzi Kosovo pod okupacijom vec osam meseci i gleda kako Albanci
svakodnevno
ubijaju, terorisu i proteruju ne-albanski zivalj, a Blaustajn ima petlje
da
napise (a novine da objave) kako je «ovaj grad kamen-temeljac strategije
Beograda o 'Velikoj Srbiji', koja tezi da istera sve ne-Srbe s tog
podrucja.»
Izvestaj ICG-a iz novembra 1999. napominje da «Medjunarodni finansijeri
vec
odavno smatraju rudarstvo kao svorenim za pranje novca» sirom sveta zbog
strukture te delatnosti, te predlaze da «intteres Miloseviceve klike za
Trepcu mozda prevazilazi samo iskoristavanje mineralnih potencijala.»
Blaustajn ovu spekulaciju vodi i korak dalje, spominjuci Zvecan «za koji
se
veruje da je sluzio za pranje novca rezimu». Ali u svakom slucaju, ako
Srbi
izvlace ekonomsku korist iz Zvecana, zasto onda da oko toga prave
probleme?
Ah, taj Milosevic! Pa zato sto je «Mitrovica jedina preostala teritorija
koju
Milosevic kontrolise na Kosovu», pa se on «bas tu odlucio da posalje
izazov
medjunarodnoj zajednici». Svet je jedan veliki «ispit volje» u kome mali
narodi uvek «izazivaju» divove kako bi ih divovi istrebili. Mali narodi
u
ovome uzivaju, ne pitajte me zasto.
Blaustajn nastavlja oslobadjanjem Albanaca od odgovornosti za nedavno
nasilje
i kriveci Francuze. Nisu Srbi ti koje isteruju sa Kosova, vec su Albanci
zrtve «Milosevicevih agenata» koji «prate, terorisu, maltretiraju i
proteruju
civile albanske nacionalnosti koji se usudjuju da zive u sprskom delu
grada».
Raketiranje autobusa punog srpskih civila, u kom je dvoje poginulo, je
«bio
necim izazvan». Albanci su izgubili strpljenje zato sto medjunarodna
zajednica gleda kroz prste «srpskom ugnjetavanju lica albanske
nacionalnosti»... Ne dozvoljavajuci rulji ljjutitih Albanaca da zauzme i
poslednji deo Kosova gde Srbi jos zive manje-vise normalno, «UN
napustaju
sluzbenu platformu stvaranja i zastite multinacionalnog drustva na
Kosovu,»
kaze Blaustajn. Ovaj njen traktat ima za cilj da unapred odredi krivicu
za
«sledeci rat na Balkanu». Kao takav je u potpunoj suprotnosti sa
cinjenicama
o dogadjajima na Kosovu tokom proteklih osam meseci strane okupacije.
Kako se bilo ko usudjuje da napise ili objavi ovakav clanak? Odgovor
lezi u
saznanju propagandista da neobavesteni citaoci imaju tendenciju da «vec
vidjeno» smatraju za istinu. Klisei o «Milosevicu» i «Velikoj Srbiji» su
poznati vec odranije. Istina nije. Ako i kada izbije «sledeci rat na
Balkanu»
a «medjunarodna zajednica» preuzme Trepcu, zbunjena javnost nece morati
da o
tome brine, posto ce svi vec znati o cemu se radi: onaj zlikovacki
diktator
Milosevic opet stvara probleme.
•Dajana Dzonston, 28 februar 2000.
* * *
Izvestaj ICG-a, Trepca: Making Sense of the Labyrinth [Trepca, izlaz iz
lavirinta] se nalazi na
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/serbo-croatian/articles/icg.htm
Clanak Suzan Blaustajn se nalazi na
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/flashpoint.htm
[engleski]
i http://www.emperors-clothes.com/serbo-croatian/articles/bl.htm
[srpski].
arevo Novo Odelo mozete da citate ovde ili na
http://www.emperors-clothes.com
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[Komentare i primedbe saljite na sledece adrese: srpski82@...]
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Articoli di DIANA JOHNSTONE e MICHEL CHOSSUDOVSKY
KAKO TO RADE MAJSTORI:
PLAN I PROPAGANDA ZA ZAUZIMANJE RUDNIKA TREPCA
PISE: DIJANA DZONSTON (na kraju poruka!)
In un messaggio precedente abbiamo cercato di chiarire il ruolo
dell'International Crisis Group, organizzazione legata al Dipartimento
di Stato, al Council for Foreign Relations nonche' al grande carrozzone
della Fondazione Soros.
Come esempio pratico del tipo di intervento che si prefiggono questi
personaggi, gettiamo uno sguardo alla loro attuale campagna su
Mitrovica. Alcuni collaboratori dell'ICG hanno iniziato da qualche
settimana a diffondere articoli e commenti sui ben noti problemi di
quella citta' (si veda ad esempio l'articolo
http://www.thestar.com/thestar/editorial/opinion/20000223NEW02b_OP-BALKANS.html
) nei quali si accusa la Jugoslavia - e si continua paradossalmente ad
agitare lo spettro della "Grande Serbia" - per gli incidenti causati in
realta' dagli irredentisti panalbanesi spalleggiati dalla truppe KFOR.
Gia' da alcune settimane, ben prima degli ultimi scontri, l'ICG aveva
messo in circolazione una delle sue ben note "analisi della situazione"
("Trepca: Making Sense of the Labyrinth", 26 November 1999) che ha il
pregio di chiarire - per chi sa leggere - quale sia uno dei veri nodi
del contendere: e cioe' i ricchissimi giacimenti minerari situati nella
zona di Mitrovica (Trepca). Il suddetto "report" si puo' leggere
integralmente alla URL
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/icg.htm
Di seguito riportiamo invece un commento a riguardo, scritto dalla
bravissima Diana Johnstone, e piu' avanti una analisi di M. Chossudovsky
sulla politica di rapina delle risorse del Kosmet, comprese le miniere,
attuata delle grandi potenze.
---
How it is done---
TAKING OVER THE TREPCA MINES: PLANS AND PROPAGANDA
by Diana Johnstone (2-28-00)
www.tenc.net [emperors-clothes]
INTRODUCTION
by Jared Israel
I just got off the phone with Diana Johnstone, the journalist and
student of
international affairs. I called after reading her article, "How it is
done."
I wanted to write a short introduction, but I was at a loss for word.
In the article, Diana reveals that the International Crisis Group,
funded by
George Soros, has plans on how best to take over - may I say 'steal'? -
Yugoslavia's fabulous Trepca Mines. How to steal and how to sell the
theft
to
greatest effect.
Diana told me that she is speechless about everything the West has done
in
Kosovo. Albanian terrorists, essentially U.S. proxies, attack French
KFOR
troops; the French knuckle under; and US Ambassador to the UN Holbrooke
blames - Milosevich? Albanians, many from far away, mass in Mitrovica,
screaming for Serbian blood - and Holbrooke says the Serbian government
better stop, or else?
At the end of Diana's analysis I've posted links to the Crisis Group
report
and to a rnews story that Diana also mentions.
--ji
Here is "HOW IT IS DONE" -
Comparison of two documents, a November 1999 International Crisis Group
(ICG)
paper on the Trepca mining complex, and a February 23, 2000 article in
the
Toronto Star by ICG consultant Susan Blaustein, provides an
exceptionally
clear glimpse into the workings of the "international community".
The International Crisis Group is a high-level think tank supported by
financier George Soros. It was set up in 1995, primarily to provide
policy
guidance to governments involved in the NATO-led reshaping of the
Balkans.
Its leading figures include top U.S. policy maker Morton Abramowitz, the
eminence grise of NATO's new "humanitarian intervention" policy and
sponsor
of Kosovo Albanian separatists.
Last November 26, the ICG issued a paper on "Trepca: Making Sense of the
Labyrinth" which advised the United Nations Mission In Kosovo (UNMIK) to
take
over the Trepca mining complex from the Serbs as quickly as possible and
explained how this should be done. The February article by the ICG
journalist
represents a vulgarization of the anti-Serb position designed to prepare
public opinion for carrying out the ICG policy. There will no doubt be
more.
The ICG Paper: Manipulative Ambiguities
Trepca is a conglomerate of some 40 mines and factories, mostly but not
all
in Kosovo, notably including Stari Trg, "one of the richest mines in
Europe"
and the richest in the Balkans, currently shut down, and the Zvecan
smelter,
located northwest of Mitrovica and still being operated by Serb
management.
The ICG calls on UNMIK, headed by Bernard Kouchner, to cut through legal
disputes over the industry's ownership and take over management of
Trepca
itself.
On July 25, Kouchner issued a decree that "UNMIK shall administer
movable or
immovable property, including monetary accounts, and other property of,
or
registered in the name of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or the
Republic
of Serbia or any of its organs, which is in the territory of Kosovo".
The
ICG
paper concluded that "UNMIK and KFOR should implement a rapid and
categorical
takeover of the Trepca complex, including the immediate total shutdown
of
the
environmentally hazardous facilities at Zvecan". What is really wrong
with
Zvecan is that it is run by Serbs and provides revenue to Yugoslavia.
But in the "game-plan of measures" recommended by the ICG, UNMIK is
advised
to instruct a "Zvecan environmental assessment team" to report on the
status
of the equipment and thereupon "advise as to what measures must be
taken"...
Environmental hazards are to be the pretext to shut down Zvecan and
deprive
the last Serbs in Kosovo of their livelihood. Meanwhile, "Stari Trg, one
of
the richest mines in Europe, must be potentially profitable again and
should
be a priority for donors interested in setting Kosovo on its feet".
The game-plan calls for a gradual start up of mining to reassure the
"Kosovars", meaning ethnic Albanians, of their future. For although the
ICG
says that the "workforce and management of all Trepca facilities should
be
selected on a merit basis only", it adds that "no one with ties to the
Belgrade regime should be considered" -- and it is habitual to identify
all
Serbs with "the Belgrade regime", even to ignore their existence other
than
as "agents of Milosevic".
This blatant takeover of valuable property in what is still nominally
part
of
Serbia is of course justified as a necessary measure to reassure the
oppressed Albanians. "The return to work of even a few hundred Kosovar
miners
would represent, for all Kosovars, the reclaiming of their patrimony".
The media event is easy to imagine. But if the ICG hostility toward the
Serbs
seems genuine, the love for the Albanians may be less than perfect. In
the
ICG's brief account of past ethnic clashes over Trepca management,
underlying
the habitual anti-Serb bias is the basic hypocrisy of dominant powers
manipulating two peoples against each other. The ICG report notes that
Trepca
"has long stood for Kosovar Albanians as the symbol of Serbian
oppression
and
of their own resistance", and recounts that after 1974, finally able to
manage the Trepca facilities themselves, Kosovars "created thousands of
jobs", but that "in 1981-82, a sort of `Trepca-gate' scandal -- in which
Kosovar Albanian workers were accused of having stolen vast quantities
of
gold and silver -- was the pretext for firing many engineers and
technicians". Whether the theft was real or merely a "pretext" is of no
interest to the international community ... so long as the Serbs were in
charge.
But afterwards? The report concludes that: "Simply handing Trepca over
to
the
Kosovars is ruled out by the shortage of modern skills available
locally,
the
need for internationally-verifiable standards to avoid corruption" as
well
as
damage to the installations. And as for those "thousands of jobs"
created by
and for Kosovo Albanians, they are not on the international community
agenda.
"The social impact of the reduced work force would need to be balanced
against the need for competitively based private investment", the ICG
observes. Fortunately, the ICG finds that the young leadership of the
"Kosovo
Liberation Army" is "somewhat impatient" with the older Kosovo Albanian
leadership group's interest in "a huge workforce" and prefers
modernization
that will require foreign investment capital. No wonder Washington chose
to
back the violent KLA.
The manipulative hypocrisy of the ICG policy designers is even more
blatant
concerning the Serbs. The ICG urges UNMIK to hurry up with the game plan
for
taking over the valuable mining complex _before_ Serbian elections so
that a
new government more to the West's liking cannot be accused of "losing
Trepca". All Serbian leaders, including opposition leaders, the ICG
observes,
will have to protest when UNMIK takes over Trepca and the Zvecan
smelter.
"However they could exploit the argument that the `loss' was due to the
pariah status of Milosevic himself, so that once again Serbia has lost
assets
due to his presence in office. So provided action were taken before any
elections in Serbia it need not upset, and might contribute to, any
strategy
for unseating Milosevic." In short, the international community is going
to
take over Trepca whoever is in charge in Belgrade; better do it while
Milosevic is there, so that the Western-backed "progressive, democratic"
opposition can pretend it was the fault of Milosevic!
Media Propaganda: Familiarity versus Truth
Such cynicism is hard to surpass, but there is always room to add a few
lies.
This is the task of the media propaganda aimed at getting the general
public
to swallow the policies decided by elite think tanks and governments.
The
February 23, 2000 article in The Toronto Star by ICG senior consultant
Susan
Blaustein, "Mitrovica flashpoint for the next Balkan war", deserves a
Jamie
Shea award for the most shameless war propaganda of the month. The
clichés
are all there, "centuries-old hatreds" (not our fault, folks); then
focus on
the single culprit: Milosevic; the unreliable French seeking appeasement
versus the need for the international community to display "backbone"
and
stand up to "Milosevic's test of its resolve". For Blaustein, it is
Milosevic, of course, who is causing trouble in the city of Mitrovica
because
of his "keen financial interest" in the Trepca mining complex and the
Zvecan
smelter. NATO has occupied Kosovo and watched for eight months while
Albanians murder, terrorize and drive out most of the non-Albanian
population, but Blaustein is able to write (and the newspaper to
publish)
that: "The city is a lynchpin in Belgrade's `Greater Serbia' strategy of
expelling non-Serbs from the region." The November 1999 ICG report noted
that: "International financial officials have long recognized the
minerals
industry as being prime for money laundering" throughout the world
because
of
its structure and suggested that "the interest of the Milosevic circle
in
exploiting the Trepca facilities might go beyond the simple operation of
sharing out the profits." This speculation is taken a step further by
Blaustein, who writes that the smelter in Zvecan "is widely believed to
have
served the regime as an efficient money-laundering mechanism". But in
any
case, if the Serbs are running Zvecan to their profit, why would they
want
to
make trouble? Ah, that Milosevic! It is because "Mitrovica is
Milosevic's
only remaining foothold in Kosovo" so "he has decided to call the bluff
of
the international community". The world is one big "test of wills" where
little guys are forever "calling the bluff" of giants so the giants will
wipe
them out. The little guys seem to enjoy doing that, don't ask why.
Blaustein
goes on to excuse the Albanians for recent violence and blame the
French. It
is not the Serbs who are being driven out of Kosovo, but the Albanians
who
are victims of "Milosevic's operatives" who "monitor, harass, terrorize
and
expel ethnic Albanian civilians who dare to live in or travel to the
Serb
side of town". The rocket attack on a bus carrying Serb civilians, which
killed two of them, was "not unprovoked"; the Albanians were impatient
with
the international community for turning a blind eye to "Serbs'
oppression of
ethnic Albanians"... By not allowing mobs of angry ethnic Albanians to
take
over the last part of Kosovo where Serbs are still managing to live more
or
less normally, "international officials are abandoning the U.N.'s stated
commitment to create and protect a multi-ethnic society in Kosovo",
according
to Blaustein. This tract is meant to cast the blame in advance for what
Blaustein calls the "next Balkan war". It is in total contradiction to
the
facts of what has been happening in Kosovo during eight months of
foreign
occupation.
How then can anyone dare to write or publish such an article? The answer
is
that the propagandists are counting on the tendency of uninformed
readers to
mistake what is familiar for what is true. The cliches about "Milosevic"
and
"Greater Serbia" are familiar. The truth is not. If and when the "next
Balkan
war" breaks out and the "international community" takes full control of
the
Trepca industrial complex, the distracted public need not pay too much
attention, since everybody already knows what it's all about: that evil
dictator Milosevic is causing trouble again.
- Diana Johnstone, 28 February 2000
***
To read the ICG report, "Trepca: Making Sense of the Labyrinth," please
go
to
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/icg.htm
To read the Blaustein article, please go to
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/flashpoint.htm
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---
State terror and the "free market" -
Opening Kosovo to foreign capital
by Michel Chossudovsky (3-3-00)
www.tenc.net [emperors-clothes]
In occupied Kosovo under the mandate of UN peace-keeping, State terror
and
the "free market" go hand in hand. The concurrent criminalisation of
State
institutions is not incompatible with the West’s economic and strategic
objectives in the Balkans. Notwithstanding the massacres of civilians,
the
self-proclaimed KLA administration has committed itself to establishing
a
"secure and stable environment" for foreign investors and international
financial institutions.
The Minister of Finance Adem Grobozci and other representatives of the
provisional government invited to the various donor conferences are all
KLA
appointees. In contrast, members of the KDL of Ibrahim Rugova (in duly
elected parliamentary elections) were not even invited to attend the
Stabilization Summit in Sarajevo in July 1999. More recently UNMIK Head
Bernanrd Kouchner has called for the dissolution of Rugaova’s
parliament.
"Free market reforms" have been envisaged for Kosovo under the
supervision of
the Bretton Woods institutions largely replicating the structures of the
Rambouillet agreement. Article I (Chapter 4a) of the Rambouillet
Agreement
stipulated that: "The economy of Kosovo shall function in accordance
with
free market principles". The KLA government will largely be responsible
for
implementing these reforms and ensuring that loan conditionalities are
met.
In close liaison with NATO, the Washington based financial institutions
had
already analyzed the consequences of an eventual military intervention
leading to the occupation of Kosovo: almost a year prior to the
beginning of
the War, the World Bank conducted "simulations" which "anticipated the
possibility of an emergency scenario arising out of the tensions in
Kosovo". 1
While the bombing was still ongoing, the World Bank and the European
Commission were given a special mandate for "coordinating donors'
economic
assistance in the Balkans"2. The underlying terms of reference did not
exclude Yugoslavia from receiving donor support. It was, however,
clearly
stipulated that Belgrade would be eligible for reconstruction loans
"once
political conditions there change".3.
With regard to Kosovo, the World Bank rather than providing loans to
rebuild
the province’s infrastructure has focussed its intervention on providing
"assistance in designing the reconstruction and recovery program" as
well as
so-called "policy advice in economic management" and "institution
building"
namely "governance" 4. In other words, an army of lawyers and
consultants
have been sent in to ensure Kosovo’s transition to a "thriving, open and
transparent market economy." 5
Support granted to the KLA provisional government would be geared
towards
"the establish[ment] [of] transparent, effective and sustainable
institutions" 6. An "enabling environment" for foreign capital is to be
established alongside suitably devised "social safety nets" and "poverty
alleviation programs".
Meanwhile, Yugoslav State banks operating in Pristina have been closed
down.
The Deutschmark has been adopted as legal tender and the banking system
has
been handed over to Germany’s Commerzbank A.G which is the sole private
shareholder in Micro Enterprise Bank (MEB) formed in early 2000 at the
initiative of the World Bank’s International Finance Corporation (IFC),
the
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) together with
the
Nederlandse Financierings-Maatschappij voor Ontwikkelingslanden (FMO),
Germany’s Internationale Micro Investitionen (IMI) and Kreditanstalt für
Wiederaufbau (KfW). Commerzbank AG will gain control over commercial
banking
functions for the province including money transfers and foreign
exchange
transactions.7
The Trebca Mines
The "reconstruction" of Kosovo financed by international debt largely
purports to transfer Kosovo’s extensive wealth in mineral resources and
coal
to multinational capital. In this regard, the KLA had already occupied
(pending their privatization) the largest coal mine at Belacevac in
Dobro
Selo northwest of Pristina. In turn, foreign capital had its eyes
riveted on
the massive Trepca mining complex which constitutes "the most valuable
piece
of real estate in the Balkans, worth at least $5 billion." 8 The Trebca
complex not only includes copper and large reserves of zinc but also
cadmium,
gold, and silver. It has several smelting plants, 17 metal treatment
sites, a
power plant and Yugoslavia’s largest battery plant. Northern Kosovo also
has
estimated reserves of 17 billion tons of coal and lignite.
The management of some of the State owned enterprises and public
utilities
were taken over by KLA appointees. In turn, the leaders of the
Provisional
Government of Kosovo (PGK) have become "the brokers" of multinational
capital
committed to handing over the Kosovar economy at bargain prices to
foreign
investors.
In the wake of the bombings, the Zvecan smelter (belonging to the Trebca
Complex) located northwest of Mitrovica, however, remained under Serb
management.9 In July 1999, UNMIK head of mission Bernard Kouchner issued
a
decree to the effect that: "UNMIK shall administer movable or immovable
property, including monetary accounts, and other property of, or
registered
in the name of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or the Republic of
Serbia
or any of its organs, which is in the territory of Kosovo".10 .
In November 1999, the International Crisis Group(ICG) a think tank
supported
by Financier George Soros, issued a paper on "Trepca: Making Sense of
the
Labyrinth" which advised the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK)
"to
take over the Trepca mining complex from the Serbs as quickly as
possible and
explained how this should be done" prior to their eventual
privatization.11
Meanwhile, the George Soros Foundation for an Open Society had opened a
branch office in Pristina establishing the Kosovo Foundation for an Open
Society (KFOS) as part of the Soros’ network of "non-profit foundations"
in
the Balkans, Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Together with
the
World Bank’s Post Conflict Trust Fund, the Kosovo Open Society
Foundation
(KOSF) will be providing "targeted support" for "the development of
local
governments to allow them to serve their communities in a transparent,
fair,
and accountable manner."12 Since most of these local governments are in
the
hands of KLA appointees, this program is unlikely to meet its declared
objective. Out of the 20 million dollars budget for this program, only
one
million dollars is being provided by the World Bank.
NOTES
1. World Bank Development News, Washington, 27 April 1999.
2 World Bank Group Response to Post Conflict Reconstruction in Kosovo:
General Framework For an Emergency Assistance Strategy,
http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/kosovo/kosovo_st.htm undated).
3. Ibid
4. Ibid
5. Ibid
6 World Bank, The World Bank's Role in Reconstruction and Recovery in
Kosovo,
http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/pb/pbkosovo.htm, undated)
7. International Finance Corporation (IFC), International Consortium
Backs
Kosovo's First Licensed Bank,
http://www.ifc.org/ifc/pressroom/Archive/2000/00_90/00_90.html Press
Release,
Washington, 24 January 2000.
8. New York Times, July 8, 1998, report by Chris Hedges.
9.See Diana Johnstone, How it is done, Taking over the Trepca Mines:
Plans
and Propaganda,
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/howitis.htm Emperors
Clothes, 28 February 2000.
10. Quoted in Johnstone, op. cit.
11. See Johnstone, op cit. For the ICG report see
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/icg.htm
12. World Bank, KOSF and World Bank, World Bank Launches First Kosovo
Project, Washington, http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/extme/097.htm
November 16, 1999 News Release No. 2000/097/ECA.
C Copyright by Michel Chossudovsky, Ottawa, February 2000. All rights
reserved. Permission is granted to post this text on noncommercial
community
internet sites, provided the essay remains intact and the copyright note
is
displayed. The text can also be photocopied for non-commercial
distribution.
To publish this text in printed and/or other forms contact the author at
chossudovsky@... or fax: 1-514-4256224.
Further reading...
Articles by Prof. Chossudovsky
"Cooking the books -
NATO's ethnic cleansing claims challenged"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/nato.htm
"Seattle and Beyond: Disarming the New World Order"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/seattle.htm
"NATO's Reign of Terror in Kosovo"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/chossnato.htm
"The KLA: Grim Origins"
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/chuss/kla.html
* To browse articles at Emperors-clothes please click here or go to
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---
KAKO TO RADE MAJSTORI:
PLAN I PROPAGANDA ZA ZAUZIMANJE RUDNIKA TREPCA
PISE: DIJANA DZONSTON
WWW.TENC.NET [CAREVO NOVO ODELO]
Prevod i obrada: Nebojsa Malic
Poredjenjem dva dokumenta, izvestaja Medjunarodne Krizne Grupe
[International
Crisis Group (ICG)] o rudniku Trepca iz novembra 1999. i nedavnog clanka
njihovog konsultanta Suzan Blaustajn u Toronto Star-u, moze se doci do
izuzetno jasnog uvida u delovanje «medjunarodne zajednice».
Medjunarodna Krizna Grupa je visokotirazni politicki institut koji
podrzava,
izmedju ostalog, finansijer Dzordz Soros. Osnovana je 1995., pretezno da
bi
savetovala vlade koje su ucestvovale u prekrajanju Balkana pod vodstvom
NATO.
Medju njenim istaknutim liderima je americki politicki savetnik Morton
Abramovic, siva eminencija NATO-ve nove politike «humanitarne
intervencije» i
sponzor separatizma kosovskih Albanaca.
Dvadeset sestog novembra prosle godine, ICG je objavio analizu pod
naslovom
«Trepca: Izlaz iz lavirinta», u kom se savetovalo misiji UN-a na Kosovu
[UNMIK] da sto brze preuzme rudnik Trepca od Srba, uz objasnjenje na
koji
nacin bi to trebalo da se postigne. Februarski clanak ICG-ovog
novinara-konsultanta predstavlja uproscavanje antisrpske pozicije koja
bi
trebalo da pripremi javnost za izvodjenje plana ICG-a. U tome bez sumnje
nece
ostati usamljen.
Izvestaj ICG-a: Manipulacija nejasnocama
Trepca je slozena organizacija nekih 40 rudnika i fabrika, koji su
vecinom,
ali ne iskljucivo, smesteni na Kosovu. Medju njima je i trenutno
zatvoreni
Stari Trg, «jedan od najbogatijih rudnika u Evropi» i najbogatiji na
Balkanu,
kao i postrojenje za preradu rude u Zvecanu, severozapadno o0d
Mitrovice,
kojim jos uvek upravljaju Srbi. ICG trazi od UNMIK-a i njegovo vodje
Bernara
Kusnera da preseku pravne sporove oko vlasnistva nad rudnikom i preuzmu
upravljanje Trepcom.
Kusner je 25. jula 1999 izdao uredbu kojom «UNMIK ima nadleznost nad
pokretnom i nepokretnom imovinom, ukljucujuci bankovne racune, i svakom
drugom imovinom koja je vlasnistvo, ili je registrovana u ime Savezne
Republike Jugoslavije ili Republike Srbije, a koja se nalazi na
teritoriji
Kosova». Analiza ICG-a zakljucuje da «UNMIK i KFOR treba pih hitno da u
potpunosti preuzmu kompleks Trepca, ukljucujuci i zatvaranje ekoloski
stetnog
postrojenja u Zvecanu.». Ono sto im stvarno smeta u Zvecanu je da tim
postrojenjem upravljaju Srbi i ostvaruju prihod u korist Jugoslavije.
Ali u «planu mera» koje preporucuje ICG, UNMIK-u se preporucuje da
nalozi
«komisiji za ekolosku procenu Zvecana» da podnese izvestaj o stanju
tamosnje
opreme i «savetuje kakve korake je potrebno preduzeti»... Ekoloski rizik
bi
trebalo da bude paravan za zatvaranje Zvecana i otimanje hleba od
poslednjih
preostalih Srba na Kosovu. U medjuvremenu, «Stari Trg, jedan od
najborgatijih
rudnika u Evropi, mora da ponovo bude profitabilan i treba da pude
prioritet
donatorima koji su zainteresovani za osamostaljivanje Kosova.»
Plan predvidja postepeno otpocinjanje rada rudokopa, koje bi obezbedilo
buducnost «Kosovarima», pod cime se podrazumevaju lica albanske
nacionalnosti. Jer iako ICG sluzbeno izjavljuje da «radnike i upravu
rudnika
Trepca treba birati iskljucivo na osnovu sposobnosti,» dodaje se da «ne
bi
trebalo uzimati u obzir nikoga ko ima veze sa rezimom u Beogradu.» A vec
je
postao obicaj da se svi Srbi smatraju «rezimom u Beogradu» i da oni
postoje
samo kao «agenti Milosevica».
Ovakva pljacka vredne imovine na teritoriji koja jos uvek sluzbeno
pripada
Srbiji se, naravno, izvodi pod izgovorom da je to neophodna mera za
oporavak
ugnjetenih Albanaca. «Povratak na posao maka i nekolicine Kosovarskih
rudara
bi za sve Kosovare predstavljao ostvarenje prava na njihovu ocevinu.»
Medijski cirkus je lako zamisliti. Ali mada je mrznja ICG-a prema Srbima
svesrdna, njihova ljubav prema Albancima mozda nije toliko cista. U
ICG-ovom
kratkom opisu istorijata etnickih sukoba oko Trepce, koji se odlikuje
uobicajenim antisrpskim stilom, ipak se nalazi tracak licemerja velike
sile
koja manipulise dva naroda u medjusobnoj borbi. Analiza ICG-a kazuje
kako je
Trepca «dugo kosovskim Albancima bila simbol sprkog ugnjetavanja i
njihovog
otpora» i prepricava kako su 1974, kada su konacno preuzeli kontrolu nad
Trepcom, «Kosovari stvorili na hiljde novih radnih mesta», ali da je
«1981-82. godine skandal u Trepci – u kome su rudari-kosovski Albanci
optuzeni za kradju velikih kolicina zlata i srebra – posluzio kao
izgovor za
otpustanje mnogiz inzinjera i tehnicara.» Da li je kradja bila stvarna
ili
samo «izgovor» medjunarodnu zajednicu se previse i ne tice... posto su
Trepcom tada upravljali Srbi.
Ali sta posle? U izvestaju se kaze da «Pradaja Trepce u ruke Kosovara ne
dolazi u obzir, posto na lokalnom nivou postoji nestasica kvalifikacija,
kao
i medjunarodnog standarda koji bi sprecio korupciju» i ostecenje
postrojenja.
Sto se tice «hiljada radnih mesta» koje su kosovski Albanci stvorili za
sebe,
njih na medjunarodnom dnevnom redu nema nigde. «Posledice smanjenog
broja
radnika po drustvo moraju da budu u ravnotezi sa potrebom za
kompetitivnim
privatnim investicijama,» kaze ICG. Srecom, ICG zakljucuje da su mladi
rukovodioci «Oslobodilacke Vojske Kosova ponesto nestrpljivi» kada su u
pitanju interesti starijih vodja kosovskih Albanaca da zaposle «ogromnu
radnu
snagu», i da su naklonjeniji modernizaciji koja bi zahtevala strani
kapital.
Onda ni ne cudi sto je Vasington odlucio da podrzi nasilnicku OVK.
Manipulacije i licemerje savetnika ICG-a je jos bezobraznije u odnosu na
Srbe. ICG savetuje UNMIK da pozuri sa preuzimanjem vrednog rudarskog
kompleksa pre izbora u Srbiji, kako se nova vlada koja bi vise
odgovarala
Zapadu ne bi mogla okriviti za «gubitak Trepce». Svaki vodja Srba,
ukljucujuci i opozicionare, bi morao da protestuje kada UNMIK preuzme
Trepcu
i Zvecane. «Ali, oni [opozicija] bi mogli da iskoriste argument da je
'gubitak' u stvari posledica Milosevicevog statusa, i da je Srbija jos
jednom
izgubila vrednu imovinu zbog njegovog psirustva na vlasti. Ukoliko se
preuzimanje izvrsi pre izbora u Srbiji, nece ostetiti – cak bi moglo i
da
bude pozitivno – bilo koju strategiju za smenjivanje Milosevica.»
Ukratko,
posto ce medjunarodna zajednica da preuzme Trepcu bez obzira ko je na
vlasti
u Beogradu, bolje je da se to uradi dok je na vlasti Milosevic, kako bi
onda
«progresivna i demokratska» opozicija» koju podrzava Zapad mogla da za
to
optuzi Milosevica!
Propaganda u medijima: «Vec vidjeno» protiv istine
Ovakav cinizam je tesko nadmasiti, ali zato uvek ima mesta za dodatne
lazi.
To postaje zadatak medijske propagande, koja javnost mora da ubedi da
proguta
gorku politiku elitistickih savetnika i vladara. Clanak vise savetnice
ICG-a
Suzan Blaustajn «Mitrovica: iskra sledeceg rata na Balkanu», objavljen
23.
februara 2000. godine u Toronto Star-u, zasluzuje nagradu Dzejmi Sej za
najbesramniji primerak ratne propagande ovog meseca.
U njemu su sadrzani svi klisei: «vekovna mrznja» (izvinite, narode, ali
nije
do nas); fokus na jednog i jedinog krivca: Milosevica; Francuzi kojima
se ne
moze verovati jer traze kompromis nasuprot potrebi medjunarodne
zajednica da
«pokaze kicmu» suprotstavi se «Milosevicevom ispitu volje». Blaustajn,
naravno, smatra da Milosevic, izaziva nerede u Mitrovici zbog njegovog
«finansijskog interesa» u rudnicima Trepce i postrojenjima u Zvecanu.
NATO
drzi Kosovo pod okupacijom vec osam meseci i gleda kako Albanci
svakodnevno
ubijaju, terorisu i proteruju ne-albanski zivalj, a Blaustajn ima petlje
da
napise (a novine da objave) kako je «ovaj grad kamen-temeljac strategije
Beograda o 'Velikoj Srbiji', koja tezi da istera sve ne-Srbe s tog
podrucja.»
Izvestaj ICG-a iz novembra 1999. napominje da «Medjunarodni finansijeri
vec
odavno smatraju rudarstvo kao svorenim za pranje novca» sirom sveta zbog
strukture te delatnosti, te predlaze da «intteres Miloseviceve klike za
Trepcu mozda prevazilazi samo iskoristavanje mineralnih potencijala.»
Blaustajn ovu spekulaciju vodi i korak dalje, spominjuci Zvecan «za koji
se
veruje da je sluzio za pranje novca rezimu». Ali u svakom slucaju, ako
Srbi
izvlace ekonomsku korist iz Zvecana, zasto onda da oko toga prave
probleme?
Ah, taj Milosevic! Pa zato sto je «Mitrovica jedina preostala teritorija
koju
Milosevic kontrolise na Kosovu», pa se on «bas tu odlucio da posalje
izazov
medjunarodnoj zajednici». Svet je jedan veliki «ispit volje» u kome mali
narodi uvek «izazivaju» divove kako bi ih divovi istrebili. Mali narodi
u
ovome uzivaju, ne pitajte me zasto.
Blaustajn nastavlja oslobadjanjem Albanaca od odgovornosti za nedavno
nasilje
i kriveci Francuze. Nisu Srbi ti koje isteruju sa Kosova, vec su Albanci
zrtve «Milosevicevih agenata» koji «prate, terorisu, maltretiraju i
proteruju
civile albanske nacionalnosti koji se usudjuju da zive u sprskom delu
grada».
Raketiranje autobusa punog srpskih civila, u kom je dvoje poginulo, je
«bio
necim izazvan». Albanci su izgubili strpljenje zato sto medjunarodna
zajednica gleda kroz prste «srpskom ugnjetavanju lica albanske
nacionalnosti»... Ne dozvoljavajuci rulji ljjutitih Albanaca da zauzme i
poslednji deo Kosova gde Srbi jos zive manje-vise normalno, «UN
napustaju
sluzbenu platformu stvaranja i zastite multinacionalnog drustva na
Kosovu,»
kaze Blaustajn. Ovaj njen traktat ima za cilj da unapred odredi krivicu
za
«sledeci rat na Balkanu». Kao takav je u potpunoj suprotnosti sa
cinjenicama
o dogadjajima na Kosovu tokom proteklih osam meseci strane okupacije.
Kako se bilo ko usudjuje da napise ili objavi ovakav clanak? Odgovor
lezi u
saznanju propagandista da neobavesteni citaoci imaju tendenciju da «vec
vidjeno» smatraju za istinu. Klisei o «Milosevicu» i «Velikoj Srbiji» su
poznati vec odranije. Istina nije. Ako i kada izbije «sledeci rat na
Balkanu»
a «medjunarodna zajednica» preuzme Trepcu, zbunjena javnost nece morati
da o
tome brine, posto ce svi vec znati o cemu se radi: onaj zlikovacki
diktator
Milosevic opet stvara probleme.
•Dajana Dzonston, 28 februar 2000.
* * *
Izvestaj ICG-a, Trepca: Making Sense of the Labyrinth [Trepca, izlaz iz
lavirinta] se nalazi na
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/serbo-croatian/articles/icg.htm
Clanak Suzan Blaustajn se nalazi na
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/flashpoint.htm
[engleski]
i http://www.emperors-clothes.com/serbo-croatian/articles/bl.htm
[srpski].
arevo Novo Odelo mozete da citate ovde ili na
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