Informazione
L'IGNORANZA / 2.
"La capacita' critica e' la maggiore delle necessita' umane. Sapere,
conoscere, e' il primo dei diritti e il primo dovere dell'essere umano,
verso se stesso e verso gli altri. Vivere senza sapere e' condannarsi a
essere vittima, a vivere come una paglia al vento o a commettere atroci
errori di giudizio. Dal sapere o non sapere dipende se la vita fa di noi
un eroe, un criminale o una vittima."
Filippo Gaia,
dall'introduzione a "Il Secolo Corto", Maquis editore, Milano 1994
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
"La capacita' critica e' la maggiore delle necessita' umane. Sapere,
conoscere, e' il primo dei diritti e il primo dovere dell'essere umano,
verso se stesso e verso gli altri. Vivere senza sapere e' condannarsi a
essere vittima, a vivere come una paglia al vento o a commettere atroci
errori di giudizio. Dal sapere o non sapere dipende se la vita fa di noi
un eroe, un criminale o una vittima."
Filippo Gaia,
dall'introduzione a "Il Secolo Corto", Maquis editore, Milano 1994
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* Verso un "nuovo Kosovo"... (Sabac Online)
* Armi USA per l'UCK (Tanjug / Emperors Clothes)
* 1995-1997: "preistoria" delle forniture di armi all'UCK... (BTA,
Albanian Daily News)
* Il terrorismo ceceno ha radici in Kosovo? (Albanian Daily News)
* BALKAN - ALBANIA - KOSOVO - HEROIN - JIHAD (Center for Peace in the
Balkans)
* Sui piani di stanziamento permanente USA in Kosovo (LA Times, Le
Figaro, SerbiaInfo)
* Un articolo sull'UCK da Foreign Affairs (link)
---
TOWARDS A "NEW KOSOVO"
http://www.sabac.co.yu/e-zine/social_politics/txt/english/n_arvanites_towards_new_kosovo_062000.html
Text: Nick Arvanites , expert for geopolitics
© Sabac OnLine, June 2000.
It started with the "ethnic cleansing" of the Kosovo Albanians[1], but
one year after the entry of peacekeeping forces into
Kosovo, the tables have turned.
The KFOR peace force entered Kosovo on the 13th of June 1999 with the
aim of guaranteeing peace and security to all the
citizens of the Serbian southern province with the support of the UN
civil authority as well as a number of humanitarian
and non-government organizations[2]. Since then over 180,000 Serbs and
other non-Albanians have fled or have been
driven out of the province, 3,688 terrorist attacks have been
perpetrated, 739 people have been killed, 611 injured, 688
kidnapped and over 70 Serbian Orthodox churches and monasteries
destroyed or damaged. According to journalistic data
the majority of Kosovo's towns have been all but cleansed of Serbs.
About 2,500 Serbs have remained in Orahovac and Velika Hoca, while from
the village of Brecja near Kosovo Polje, across
Drenica and Metohija to the Albanian border not more than a few tens of
Serbs remain. Around a hundred Serbian families
have remained in Prizren, six old women have found shelter in the
Djakovica church, and two women in the Pec
Patriarchy. A larger number of Serbs, about 100,000 have remained in the
Kosovo basin, the Morava valley of Kosovo and
in Sririnik region of the Sar mountains.[3]
Obviously, the state of affairs in Kosovo after the arrival of
peacekeeping forces has been deteriorating constantly. Some
of the UN representatives also think that there are no positive trends
in this region. For example, the German paper,
BERLINER ZEITUNG, quotes an active UN representative in Kosmet, Tom
Kenings, who says that "the murders of
Serbs and Romas have not stopped there" and concludes that "the idea of
the creation of multiethnic Kosovo has dismally
failed".[4]
Some[5] believe that Kenings' statements contradict statements issuing
from NATO's military and political leadership,
that the Alliance is presently the only credible and effective force for
the containment of conflict anywhere in the world
especially when having in mind that, as a the result of the same NATO
policy, the Albanian authorities in the region are
caving in under the pressure from the criminal clans of Hasim Taci and
other KLA leaders who receive extra profit from
narcobusiness and the arms trade.
Four months after the bombardment of Yugoslavia, secret documents,
signed by the general secretary of NATO, Javier
Solana, were leaked. These documents analyze the manner in which the KLA
is financed and comment on its Mafia
connections and the routes by which arms reach Kosovo. All NATO members
were familiar with the contents of the
documents dated 10.02.1999[6]. However, this did not stop them from
launching the air-campaign against Yugoslavia
only 45 days later.
According to the precise, secret data in the document, the KLA received
arms and financial support from the Albanian
Diaspora and different criminal groups. Traffic in narcotics provides
the basic part of income. A significant role is played
by the Mafia from Croatia, consisting of Croats who left Kosovo from
1989 to 1990. It controls the drugs traffic in
Zagreb and gives economic support to the KLA. The routes along which
arms travel to Kosovo are the same ones used by
humanitarian organizations, and arms are hidden in the same trucks
carrying food and medicine. Besides some
internationally known humanitarian organizations, this is true of
Albanian humanitarian organizations such as "Help for
Kosovo" with central offices in Tirana. According to a further NATO
report the largest help to the KLA comes from
Europe, but also from North America and the Middle East. The arms routes
go through Bosnia, Italy, Croatia, Macedonia
and Montenegro. The countries from which the KLA has bought arms are:
Rumania, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Turkey, Cyprus,
China, Israel, Bosnia, Croatia, South Africa and Switzerland. The
center of economic operations is in Switzerland and the
money is transferred further via banks. Bosnia has become the center of
arms trade due to its special position . After the
war in Croatia and Bosnia a large quantity of arms has remained there,
while SFOR "... allows smugglers freedom of
movement...". In one part, the report suggests measures to be used to
prevent the arms trade, arms delivery and financial
support to the KLA, but in the same breath it continues: "these measures
should be taken if this is the result we require".
The Kosmet "gray zone" which is more and more in the state of collapse,
due to the lack of infrastructure, political
corruption, the international community's lack of success and the loss
of legitimacy and control over certain factions, has
become the resort of criminal syndicates and terrorist groups which are
the centers of local power and money acquired
through smuggling, the development of low and middle level narcobusiness
and other illegal activities[7]. At the same
time a part of the KLA incorporates in the Albanian narcomafia[8] from
the harbor of Valona to Drac, the old training
centers of the KLA in northern Albania in Kukes, in Tropoja to the
Adriatic with transit zones through Prokletije or via
the Skadar lake channel. At the local level, former KLA structures aim
to create an ethnically cleansed Kosmet with the
forms of government of the Sicilian, Albanian or Colombian type, where
the Mafia controls local and other policies
primarily through influencing local administration and the management
of large firms, and by infiltrating the local
police and the UN and KFOR structures, primarily by means of supplying
luxury goods, drugs and prostitution[9].
More than 10,000 prostitutes are thought to be working in Kosmet,
recruited from Kosmet, Albania, Macedonia,
Bulgaria and the interior of Serbia and Montenegro with a calculated
profit of 600 to 700 million marks a year[10].
Counterfeit money and documents originating from Kosmet are also
expected to appear. It is clear that this is a highly
criminalized corner of southeast Europe, the potential victims of which
could also be the KFOR mission and the total
UN presence in Kosmet. The power of money can be used to bribe
influential individuals from the UN, OSCE, EU and
NATO administration.
According to the statements of OSCE mission co-workers in Kosovo, the
takeover of one of the largest energy
complexes, OBILIC, by the Kosmet Albanians the Thaci clan has secured
another source of riches. At this moment the
power station produces at least 700mWATTs of electrical energy, but only
150mWATTs reach the consumers. This
means that the rest of the energy is illegally exported to Macedonia,
Albania and possibly to Serbia, and the income thus
gained ends up in the pockets of the Thaci family. According to the UN
experts, this source of income is second in
importance after drugs trafficking but the present administration cannot
halt it due to an apparent lack of evidence. In the
UN and OSCE mission some believe that the UN mission chief Bernard
Koucner takes his cut of this profit, via Thaci.
Such rumors were be heard in Kosmet particularly after the release of
Thaci's brother who had been arrested at the
beginning of January this year because of illegal possession of arms and
released only a couple of hours later, following
the personal intervention of Kouchner[11].
Thus the Thaci clan and their associates can expand their influence on
political developments, the organization of local
government and the police, the distribution of humanitarian aid and the
expansion of crime while, at the same time,
carrying out terrorist acts against the non-Albanian population, thus
forcing them to flee the province. There are
additional indications that the KLA is preparing for the physical
liquidation of persons on the KLA lists[12]. Those
targeted would be politicians, journalists, members of the Yugoslav Army
and Police force, undesirable for the KLA but
also for the "underground diplomacy" of Albania and some countries of
the KFOR mission. Taci's intention seems to be to
launch terrorism within Serbia proper, everywhere where Albanians live,
primarily in Bujanovac, Presevo and Medvedja
where Albanians constitute a significant presence[13]. The resistance of
the Albanian village militias is also to be
expected, since they are against KLA plundering and enforcement of their
will in ethnically pure Albanian environments.
In this context the possibility of activating a part of the KLA in
Macedonia should not be excluded, and this would be
within "Brigade KLA 121"[14].
However, the Albanian "civil option" in Kosmet and other ordinary
citizens have reacted against the Thaci clan on a
number of occasions, some of them even say that "it was better at the
time of Serbs"[15], but those political players have
no room for maneuver at present. They are awaiting another phase with a
clearer form of KLA transformation and
probably a more stable picture of political actors in Belgrade who have
to understand that the solution exists only from
inside, and not outside, and that it is high time speeches about
Kosmet's and country's fate were delivered inside the
Serbian territory rather than in neighboring countries or luxurious
offices and hotels in abroad.
Nick Arvanites,
May, 2000.
© Saba c OnLine
[1] Raport mbi shkeljen e të drejtave e të lirive të njeriut në Kosovë
gjatë vitit 1999: DHUNA E TERRORI I
INSTITUCIONALIZUAR SERB MORI DIMENSIONIN E HAPUR SHFAROSËS GJENOCIDAL TË
SHQIPTARËVE
[2] Joska Fiser, Kosovo: Izazovi i Sanse, autorski tekst za BLIC,
24/3/2000- Ambassador Alexander Vershbow , European Security Post-Kosovo
,
Oxford's Konigswinter Conference 23/3/2000.
[3] Crucified Kosovo, Destroyed and Desecrated Serbian Orthodox Churches
in Kosovo and Metohia (June-October 1999), Media and Publishing
Center of Raska and Prizren Orthodox Eparchy- Zoran Andjelkovic, Days of
Terror,Center for Peace and Tolerance, Belgrade 2000-Teroristicki
Akti Albanskih Teroristickih Grupa na Kosovu i Metohiji, Dokumenta i
Dokazi 1/1/1998-10/6/1999, III&IV, SMIP, Beograd, Mart 2000- Sefko
Alomerovic, Postoje li Logori na Kosovu?, AIM, 31/3/2000- Gordana
Janicijevic, Otimaju Bebe, Zene, Starce, DUGA, No 1736Natasa Kandic, The
Lesson of Orahovac: The International Administration in KosovoEncourages
Violence Against Serbs, HLC Belgrade- Human Rights Watch, FRY:
Abuses Against Serbs and Roma in the New Kosovo, August 1999, Vol. 11,
No 10 (D)
[4] 18/1/2000
[5] N.D.A. Arvanites, Geopolitika i Balkan: Organizovani Kriminal i Novi
Svetski Poredak na Kosovu, BACL, Beograd 2000, p. 41-44
[6] IMS Assesment of UCK Arms Trafficking from Secretary General to
Permanent Representatives (Council) & Head of Mission of the Three
Invited Countries, SG (99) 0170, 10 February 1999- RIZOSPASTIS, 22
August 1999- STRATFOR Special Report, Kosovo: One Year Later,
3/3/2000- DUGA, Tajno Pismo Clanicama o Ilegalnom Naoruzavanju OVK,
No1721- N.D.A. Arvanites, Geopolitika i Balkan: Organizovani Kriminal
i Novi Svetski Poredak na Kosovu, BACL, Beograd 2000,p. 19-22, 29-32,
75-86
[7]Budimir Babovic, Iz Dosijea Interpola, Beograd 1991- Kosovo: Zona
bez Zakona, DANAS, 23/2/2000- Barry James, War Zone Turns to
Crime:Kosovo and Albania Are Cited for Lawlessness, International
Herald Tribune, 15/3/2000-Nikolaj Chavdarov, Kosovo Narco-Mafia Invading
Bulgaria, Sega, Sofia- Maggie O'Kane, Kosovo Drug Mafia Supply Heroin to
Europe, The Guardian, 13/3/2000- Imer Mushkolaj, KOSOVO DRUG
THREAT:Albanian drug dealers and traffickers are flourishing in post-war
Kosovo, IWPR'S BALKAN CRISIS REPORT, NO. 142, 23/5/2000
[8] Goran Draskovic, Osnovni Pravci Medjnarodnog Tranzita Opojnih Droga-
Ozivljavanje Balkanskog Puta in SPRECAVANJE ZLOUPOTREBE
DROGA, Srpsko Udruzenje Za Krivicno Pravo, 1999, p.123-131
[9] What Happened to the KLA?, International Crisis Group Reports,
3/3/2000
[10] Transfer Devojaka sa Istoka na Zapad, DANAS 18/2/2000- Mlade
Albanke Belo Roblje, GLAS, 18/3/2000- NATO Forces spur Kosovo
Prostitution Boom, AFP, 5/1/2000- Frances Kennedy, Albanians Redraw
Italy's Crime Map, The Independent, 20/2/2000-James Pringle, Sex Slave
Trade Thrives Among Kosovo Troops, The Times, 5/2/2000-Nightclub
shame,24/2/2000, TIMES- FEATURES- Imer Mushkolaj and Mentor
Shala, A Prostitutes Call: We Will Take Over Kosovo, IWPR, No 101,
10/12/1999
[11] Kosovo rebuilds among ruins of thewar that never ends, THE SUNDAY
TIMES, 19/5/2000- Kouchner and Reinhardt pronounce Thaci
untouchable, AFP, 22/1/2000- Vladimir Milovanovic, Kosovska Privreda:
Vlasnistvo Kusnera, VREME, 13/5/2000- on the field reports and
interviews in Kosovo
[12] Radivoje Petrovic, Likcidacije Medju Albanskim Teroristima,
POLITIKA, 11/5/2000- Granit Guri, Elimination of Former KLA Commanders:
"X
File", AIM , 18/5/ 2000
[13] Baton Haxhiu, Pse nuk mund te perseritet UCK-ja?: Pse dallojne
Kosova Lindore dhe Kosova. Ideja per t'i pershtaturPresheves, Bujanocit
dhe
Medvegjes variantin e Kosoves eshte aq errezikshme sa mund te kete
pasoja te renda per Kosoven dhe per politiken nderkombetare karshi ketij
problemi, Revista Klan, Nr 150- Fehim Rexhepi, Presevo, Boujanovac,
Medvedja:Moguca Tacka Sukoba?, AIM,5/2/2000- Vukasin Obradovic, Sta
se Zbiva na Jugu Srbije?, AIM, 4/3/2000- Milorad Pavlovic, Presevo i
Bujanovac ili Prica o Najavi Vrelog Proleca, DUGA, No 1737
[14]Slucaj Aracinovo: Stranskite paruznavaci predupreduvat na "proletno
scenario", START, No 53, 28/1/2000.D.A. Arvanites, Geopolitika i Balkan:
Organizovani Kriminal i Novi Svetski Poredak na Kosovu, BACL, Beograd
2000,p. 23-27, 33-36, 37-39, 45-46, 49-51
[15]Zijadin Gashi, Rugova Pridobija Birace Cuteci, Thaci obustavlja
Kritike, AIM, 30/1/2000- Lj. Staletovic, Zajednicki Zivot Uslov
Opstanka,
GLAS, 18/3/2000-Srpsko-Albanski Dijalog, Helsniski Odbor za Ljudska
Prava u Srbiji, I, Beograd 1997/ II, Beograd 1999
---
ARMI USA ALL'UCK
From: http://emperors-clothes.com/indexe.htm
U.S Arms 3,500 Albanian Terrorists
By the Yugoslav press agency, Tanjug
With extensive comments by Jared Israel (05/0500)
The following is based on an article from Tanjug (pronounced tanyug),
the
press service of the Yugoslav government. Given the admittedly partisan
source some might be inclined to poo-poo the charges made here, so I
added
some quotes from pro-NATO media. These and my own analysis suggest that,
if
anything, Tanjug understates its case, sparing us some of the more
unbelievable details.
TANJUG: The US administration recently secretly armed more than 3.500
Albanian extremists who are acting under the wing of the Kosovo
Protection
Corps (KPC). The US government has continually supplied Albanian
terrorists
in Kosovo-Metohija with arms since the arrival of the UN Peace Mission
in
the southern Serbian province, in spite of verbal public condemnations
of
terrorism, and unknown to its allies in KFOR.
Jared comments: In Why is the KLA shooting at KFOR? we noted that recent
fighting between the Kosovo Liberation Army and French troops in
northern
Kosovo (Mitrovica) was really a proxy war between the US and France.
Well,
during that fighting, French troops seized a KLA ambulance stuffed with,
we
kid you not, "14 anti-tank rocket launchers, more than 180
high-explosive
grenades, and more than 3,000 cartridges for guns, (Bergen County
Record,
2-16-00) and "including a US-made 'street sweeper' grenade launcher..."
(AFP, 2-15-00)
Got that? Pretty amazing?
Here's more amazing. Gen. Shelton, boss of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
immediately held a press conference commenting on the ambulance. Why
would a
big-shot like him comment on an incident like that? But OK, did he at
least
denounce the KLA for violating the UN agreement under which NATO tries
to
justify its occupation of Kosovo? Did he chastise the KLA for planning
to
slaughter even more local people and now French troops as well? No sir,
he
talked about the difficulties of preventing arms smuggling from Serbia.
>From Serbia?
The ambulance was seized as it was being driven north towards not away
from
inner Serbia. And these were US-made weapons stashed inside, and this
was a
KLA ambulance.
So what was the point of Shelton's statement? I think the intention was
clear. By first taking the unheard of step of commenting on a minor
incident, and then pointing the finger at Yugoslavia instead of the KLA,
Shelton was affirming, at the highest level, that the US government
supported the KLA arms buildup. What reason do we have to doubt that the
US
also covertly supplies the KLA with weapons? The only question is: why
would
the US equip only 3500 terrorists? has the CIA gotten cheap?
Back to TANJUG: The Kosovo Protection Corps, officially formed Sept 20,
1999
as a civilian institution...is actually the so-called Kosovo Liberation
Army
(KLA)...an extreme grouping of Albanian separatists but repackaged in a
manner that NATO experts hope will be acceptable to the international
public, that is, in a manner that creates the illusion of respecting
Resolution 1244 of the UN Security Council.
Jared comments: The Kosovo Protection Corps is openly run by the same
thugs
who led the KLA. It's a name change. The KPC remains a racist, crazy,
terrorist-gangster organization. Just read the following mind boggling
account from the Albanian Daily News of 4-19-00. If I were editing the
Albanian Daily News, I would have called the story:
"THE RIGHT TO BEAR ROCKET LAUNCHERS.."
Forgive me but I peppered the Daily News text with comments, in
brackets.
Here's the story:
"United Nations police have detained a suspect in the murder of a
high-ranking officer of the Kosovo Protection Force (KPC), spokesman
Charlie
Johnson said Tuesday... They are also searching for another man
suspected of
involvement in the slaying in central Pristina Monday of Besim Mala, a
former commander of the separatist Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA)...gunned
down in broad daylight in a restaurant in what was thought to be a
property
dispute, Johnson said.
The suspect was detained several hours later. The killing was condemned
by
the commander of the KPC, General Agim Ceku who described it as an
attack on
the "freedom and future of Kosovo."
[Jared's note: Ceku is a former (?) KLA top leader, that is, war
criminal.
He has also been charged with war crimes for his role five years ago
helping
lead the slaughter and expulsion of over 200,000 Serbian residents of
the
Krajina section of what is now Croatias. It is clear from Ceku's remark
about the murder being "an attack on the 'freedom and future of
Kosovo.'"
that this killing resulted from a leadership fight within the KPC. These
guys conduct elections in the style of Al Capone: "Bang! Youse guys is
dead.
My guys is elected!"]
The KPC is a civil emergency organization formed out of the
demilitarized
KLA. [Jared's note: Demilitarized? This is nightmare-comedy. Read on...]
Johnson said UN police had also released a man held late Monday in
connection with another attack in central Prishtina just a few hundred
meters from the restaurant where Mala was shot. The man had been
detained by
KFOR peacekeeping troops at a vehicle checkpoint for having two rocket
warheads in his car shortly after unidentified attackers fired a
rocket-propelled grenade into a building in the city center. The blast
injured two ethnic Albanians but was thought to have been targeted at a
neighboring apartment occupied by Serbian journalists, Johnson said. He
[Johnson] said the explosive had apparently been fired from a rocket
launcher from a nearby rooftop. The firing tube was found some 200
meters
from the rooftop, Johnson said.
The detainee was released after explosives experts established the
rockets
he was carrying were of a different type to the one used in the attack.
[Jared's note: Is any comment necessary?]
Back to TANJUG: Since the arrival of KFOR in Kosovo-Metohija, members of
"Kosovo Protection Corps" have brutally liquidated more than 1.000
civilians.
Jared comments: KFOR, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International,
Kosovapress, and the Internatioanl Crisis Group, who are to different
degrees either NATO or pro-NATO, have each admitted the KLA/KPC killed
hundreds of people in Kosovo. There is no question that, in NATO's
interest,
these groups have understated the numbers murdered.
The Orthodox Church, the Pristina Center for Tolerance and the Yugoslav
government have documented hundreds more deaths. Aside from that, many
have
been kidnapped and may be dead. In any case, the most important point is
not
the exact number of murders - which probably exceed 1000 - but the
situation.
Over 300,000 people have been driven from Kosovo. This includes most
Serbs,
Slavic Muslims, about 150,000 non-KLA Albanians and tens of thousands of
Roma ("Gypsies"). They did not leave out of fear of NATO bombs and they
did
not leave in order to make a political statement, to make the KLA look
bad.
They left because of the following:
"Murder, torture and extortion: these are the extraordinary charges made
against the UN's own Kosovo Protection Corps in a confidential United
Nations report written for Secretary-General Kofi Annan.
The KPC stands accused in the document, drawn up on 29 February, of
'criminal activities - killings, ill-treatment/torture, illegal
policing,
abuse of authority, intimidation, breaches of political neutrality and
hate-speech'.
The 5,000-strong corps, funded by UN members including Britain, has a
£30
million aid budget for Kosovo. It was set up to provide 'disaster
response
services'; instead, says the UN, it has been murdering and torturing
people." (From London Observer, 3/12/00 quoted in How will you plead at
the
trial, Mr.Annan?)
In other words, the cause of the huge exodus is gangsterism and racist
terror. As you may recall, NATO said it was taking over Kosovo in order
to
produce racial harmony. So what is NATo's reaction to the destruction of
multietnic life in Kosovo, to the transformation of Kosovo into a
nightmare
of fascist gangsterism? Here is the answer from the outgoing NATO
Commander
in Kosovo, Gen. Wesley Clark:
"On Monday, he visited Kosovo and said there was an 'increasing sense of
security, the indicators of recovery from strong-arm ethnic cleansing
and
even some first budding signs of willingness to tolerate ethnic
differences
and cooperate among ethnic groups.'"
TANJUG: The Corps comprises 5.000 men and is under the direct command of
the
KFOR...in keeping with the policy of the UN Secretary-General's special
envoy... Bernard Kouchner of France.
The fact that US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright recently ordered
Hague Tribunal Chief Prosecutor, Carla Del Ponte, to strike leader
Hashim
Thaci (of the officially disbanded terrorist KLA) from the list of
persons
indicted for war crimes, is perhaps the best confirmation that Albanian
extremists are in fact favorites and protégés of the US administration.
Jared comments: Maybe the Thaci cover-up is the best evidence that the
murderous KLA racists are US administration proteges. But it's as we
have
seen, it is not the only evidence.
Let me close with a quote from an op ed article in the NY Times by
William
Clinton. It is inconceivable that when Clinton wrote this op ed piece
last
May he was unaware of the nature of the KLA, which US covert agencies
had
helped to create and for whom the US had been the key sponsor at least
since
the Verification Teams went to Kosovo in the Fall of 1998. He understood
the
nature of the monster the US had chosen as its proxy force; he knew the
KLA's dreams:
"He, like many KLA officers, says openly that he dreams of a Kosovo
without
Serbs." (Description of KLA death squad commander "The Teacher", Agence
France Presse, August 19, 1999, quoted in The roots of Kosovo fascism by
George Thompson.)
Knowing what the KLA was, knowing what NATO and therefore KLA domination
of
Kosovo would mean, Clinton wrote:
"Freedom, respect for minority rights, and prosperity are powerful
forces
for progress. They give people goals to work for; they elevate hope over
fear and tomorrow over yesterday." (Clinton, op-ed editorial, NY Times,
May
23, 1999)
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---
1995: TRAFFICI DI ARMI IN BULGARIA/FYROM
1997: FURTI DI ARMI IN ALBANIA
BTA - BULGARIAN TELEGRAPH AGENCY
BULLETIN OF NEWS FROM BULGARIA
JUNE 16, 1995
ARM DEALS
The case of the so-called "Albanian deal" will be
tried within a month, "Standart News" writes citing Military
Prosecutor Colonel Mityu Markov. The question is about a
consignment of the Bulgarian Defence Ministry that
consisted of 100 mine-throwers, 10, 000 mines and 250
sniper rifles totalling 670, 000 US dollars which disappeared
in Macedonia on its way to Albania. It is not clear how the
carrier Mario Stoichkov, who in on the Interpol wanted list,
can be made to appear in court, the paper writes. The same
paper writes that eleven days ago Ivan M., a military
intelligence officer who was in charge of was reported
missing foreign currency remittances at the department, was
reported missing.
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 9, 2000
Over 500,000 Albanian Guns Unaccounted For
TIRANA - More than half a million guns looted during
Albania’s civil uprising in 1997 are still at large
despite the government’s efforts to retrieve them, the
Interior Ministry said on Thursday.
Minister Spartak Poci said one fifth - or 117,488 guns
- of the 650,000 plundered from army depots have been
collected over the past three years, as well as 84
million bullets from an arsenal of over 1.5 billion.
“A part of the stolen guns has left the country, but
we don’t know how much,” Poci told reporters. The bulk
is thought to have been trafficked to neighbouring
Kosovo to help ethnic Albanian Kosovo Liberation Army
guerrillas fight for independence from Belgrade in a
conflict that ended last year.
The 1997 Albanian uprising was sparked by the collapse
of corrupt pyramid investment schemes and lasted
several months. Angry mobs looted army barracks in an
effort to destroy everything related with the state.
Last month the police found in a village in the Lezha
district 19 air-to-air missiles, type P2. The missiles
were in working order and were returned to the nearby
Gjader military air base. Police said 20 missiles had
been stolen from the base in 1997. Only one has not
been found yet.
The government has recently been consistent in its
firm commitment to the disarmament process, but
despite two years of work, the number of weapons and
ammunition collected accounts for no more than 20
percent of those looted. The police has also seized 52
tonnes of TNT, only a small fraction of the explosives
looted.
The government decided earlier this year to create a
500 strong police force to deal specifically with the
disarmament process.
Disarmament campaign “Development instead of Weapons”
is being extended to several districts of Albania
following the success of the Gramsh pilot project. The
United Nations Development Programme, and other
international organisations sponsoring disarming
projects, have pledged to provide investments for the
restructuring of infrastructure and creation of jobs
in return of arms surrender.
---
KOSOVO E CECENIA
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 6, 2000
Russian General Says Terrorism in Chechnya Has Roots
in Kosovo
MOSCOW - The terrorism which Russia is fighting in
Chechnya has some roots in Kosovo, the commander of
Russia’s airborne troops General Georgy Shpak claimed
in a newspaper report published Monday.
In an interview with the daily Vremya Novostei, the
officer discussed Russia’s role in the KFOR
international peacekeeping effort in Kosovo.
“The presence of the Russians is indispensable in this
hot spot of Europe, where we have political and
economic interests and our ancient traditions,” he
said.
“Apart from that, the terrorism against which we are
fighting in Chechnya has certain roots in Kosovo,”
Shpak added, without elaborating.
Terrorism is the official Moscow terminology for the
activities of Chechen separatist fighters.
General Valery Manilov, number two in the military
hierarchy, threatened last month to withdraw Russian
forces from KFOR if Yugoslavia’s integrity was
threatened. Some 3,600 Russian troops serve with KFOR,
which has a multinational total of 40,000 under NATO
leadership.
Russian and German soldiers with KFOR came under
anti-tank, machine gun and automatic fire last week in
the latest in a series of incidents. Russian soldiers
are frequent targets of Kosovar Albanians who believe
the Russians support the Serbian ruling power in
Belgrade.
---
BALKAN - ALBANIA - KOSOVO - HEROIN - JIHAD
The Centre for Peace in the Balkans
www.balkanpeace.org
scontact@...
Research Analysis
May 2000
The biggest paradox in the international war on drugs is connected to
the Balkans and the explosion of terrorist activities in that troubled
area. However, it relates less to drugs and arms and more to the major
participants in this deadly game.
Terrorist organizations at the top of America's most wanted list are
receiving tacit support in the Balkans from the Clinton administration.
The "most wanted" terrorist in the world today, Osama bin Laden, who
declared a "fatwa" against the US, is being abetted by the Clinton
doctrine. In the Balkans, we are witnessing a true paradox where several
mortal enemies - Iranian revolutionary guards, Osama bin Laden and the
CIA - are standing shoulder to shoulder while pursuing diametrically
opposite goals.
Drugs Finance Terrorism
Earlier reporting has confirmed that terrorism in the Balkans has been
primarily financed through narcotics trafficking. Heroin - worth 12
times its weight in gold - is by far the most profitable commodity on
the markets. A kilogram of heroin, worth $1,000 in Thailand, wholesales
for $110,000 in Canada with a street value of $800,000.
In fact, heroin trafficking has become so beneficial to the cause of
Albanian separatism that the predominantly Albanian-inhabited towns of
Veliki Trnovac and Blastica in Serbia, Vratnica and Gostivar in FYR
Macedonia, and Shkoder and Durres in Albania have become known as the
"new Medellins" of the Balkans. Via the Balkan Route, heroin travels
through Turkey, FYR Macedonia, Kosovo and Albania en route to western
European markets. The value of the heroin shipped is $400-billion (US) a
year. As early as 1996, the US Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) detailed
the Balkan Route in its annual report. In 1998, the DEA stated that
Kosovo Albanians had become the second most important traffickers on the
Balkan Route.
These predominantly Albanian drug barons from Kosovo ship heroin
exclusively from Asia's Golden Crescent, an apparently inexhaustible
source. At one end of the crescent lies Afghanistan, which in 1999
surpassed Burma as the world's largest producer of opium poppies. From
there, the heroin base passes through Iran to Turkey, where it is
refined, and then placed into the hands of the Albanians who operate out
of the lawless towns bordering FYR Macedonia, Albania, and Serbia.
According to the US State Department, four to six tons of heroin move
through Turkey every month.
"Not very much is stopped", says one official. "We get just a fraction
of the total". Not surprisingly, the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) has
flourished along the route. Its dependence on the drug lords is
difficult to prove, but the evidence is impossible to overlook.
In 1998, German Federal Police froze two bank accounts belonging to the
"United Kosova" organization at a Dusseldorf bank after it was
discovered that several hundred thousand dollars had been deposited into
those accounts by a convicted Kosovo Albanian drug trafficker. According
to at least one published report, Bujar Bukoshi, Prime Minister of the
"Kosova" Government in Exile, also allegedly controlled the accounts.
In early 1999 an Italian court in Brindisi convicted an Albanian heroin
trafficker named Amarildo Vrioni, who admitted obtaining weapons for the
KLA from the Mafia in exchange for drugs.
Last February 23, Czech police arrested Princ Dobroshi, the head of an
Albanian Kosovo drug gang. While searching his apartment, they
discovered evidence that he had placed orders for light infantry weapons
and rocket systems. No one had questioned what a small-time dealer would
be doing with rockets. Only later did Czech police reveal he was
shipping them to the KLA. The Czechs extradited Dobroshi to Norway where
he had escaped from prison in 1997 while serving a 14-year sentence for
heroin trafficking.
It's therefore not surprising, say European law enforcement officials,
that the faction that ultimately seized power in Kosovo -- the KLA under
Hashim Thaci -- was the group that maintained the closest links to
traffickers.
In its report about the KLA and heroin smuggling, the Montreal Gazette
wrote: "...Michael Levine, a 25-year veteran of the DEA (US Drug
Enforcement Agency) who left in 1990, said he believes there is no
question that US intelligence knew about the KLA's drug ties. "They (the
CIA) protected them (the KLA) in every way they could. As long as the
CIA is protecting the KLA, you've got major drug pipelines protected
from any police investigation", said Levine, who teaches undercover
tactics and informer handling to US and Canadian police forces,
including the RCMP. "The evidence is irrefutable," he said, explaining
that his information comes from "sources inside the DEA".
The Albanian Medellin connection is particularly strong in Italy where
it is operating in conjunction with the "Sacra Corona Unita," or the
fourth mafia. The group controls the drug trade in the regions of
Brindisi, Lecce and Taranto.
The tentacles of the Albanian mafia stretch across Europe. According to
Interpol, Albanian-speaking drug dealers accounted for 14% of those
arrested for heroin smuggling in 1997. While the average trafficker was
apprehended with two grams of heroin, the Albanians had an average of
120 grams in their possession. Scandinavian countries claim that
Albanians control 80% of the heroin market there. Switzerland says 90%
of the drug trafficking in that country is connected to Albanians.
German law enforcement agencies claim that Albanians form the largest
group involved in heroin trafficking.
German Federal Police now say that Kosovo Albanians import 80 percent of
Europe's heroin. So dominant is the Kosovo Albanian presence in
trafficking that many European users refer to illicit drugs in general
as "Albanka", or Albanian lady.
Terrorism, Spies and Albanians
Osama bin Laden's activities in Albania are well known and documented.
The presence of his network in that country is so powerful that US
Defence Secretary William Cohen cancelled a scheduled visit last July
out of fear of being assassinated.
The Albanian national security organization SHIK confirmed that plans
exist to target US objects in Albania. SHIK is the offspring of the
notorious communist security apparatus the "Sigurimi." The former head
of the Sigurimi, Irakli Kocollari, is advisor to the current head of
SHIK, Fatos Klosi. In 1997 the CIA sent a team of experts to modernize
and reorganize SHIK. The other major patron of SHIK is the German
intelligence agency Bundensnachrichtendienst (BND) which opened one of
its largest stations in Tirana. A review of BND personnel is revealing.
While the terrorist Albanian organization Ushtria Clirimtare e Kosove -
UCK (KLA) was being formed, the BND was headed by Hansjorg Geiger whose
deputy was Rainer Kesselring, the son of the Luftwaffe general who
bombed Belgrade during the Second World War.
Mr. Kesselring was given the job of training KLA terrorists at a Turkish
base near Izmir where he was head of the BND station in 1978. French
sources confirmed that members of the German commando unit, Kommando
Spezialkrafte (KSK), participated in the KLA training program. Gen.
Klaus Neumann, the outgoing head of NATO's occupational forces in Kosovo
and Metohija, formed the German commando unit.
The relationship between the CIA and SHIK is one of master and servant.
At the CIA's "request" last year, Albania expelled three "humanitarian"
workers, two Syrians and an Iranian. Acting on another request, SHIK
arrested an Albanian national, Maksim Ciciku, for spying on the US
embassy. Ciciku was educated in Saudi Arabia. In Albania he worked for a
private security company which provided bodyguards for visiting Arabs.
He was accused of following embassy employees on behalf of Osama bin
Laden. Albania also expelled four Egyptians who were suspected of ties
to bin Laden. Two others were arrested and handed over to US agents,
along with a van full of documents and computer equipment, all of which
belonged to Osama bin Laden's organization.
At about the same time, Iran, through its embassy in Rome and it's
operative Mahmut Nuranija, began to organize an intelligence-gathering
sector in Albania. Their involvement in Albania was based on two levels:
economic-financial through the Albanian Arab Islamic Bank, and
humanitarian through organizations which have become standard covers for
subversive activities. At the beginning of 1998 Iran began the serious
consolidation of its most important European strongholds, Sarajevo and
Tirana. According to Yossef Bodansky, terrorism and unconventional
warfare analyst, Iran aided the KLA by providing military plans drawn up
by Zaim Bersa, a former colonel in the Yugoslav National Army (JNA), and
another Kosovo Albanian, Ejup Dragaj.
One of the leaders of an elite KLA unit was Muhammed al-Zawahiri, the
brother of Dr. Ayman al-Zawahiri, a leader in an Egyptian Jihad
organization and a military commander of Osama bin Laden. Once again
Kosovo becomes a paradox where several mortal enemies - Iranian
revolutionary guards, Osama bin Laden and the CIA - are standing
shoulder to shoulder training the KLA.
It is believed that bin Laden solidified his organization in Albania in
1994 with the help of then premier Sali Berisha. Albania's ties to
Islamic terrorist blossomed during Berisha's rule when the main KLA
training base was on Berisha's property in northern Albania. During the
"honeymoon" period between the CIA and Jihad holy warriors, Fatos Klosi,
the head of SHIK, said he had reliable information that four groups of
Jihad warriors from Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Algiers, Tunisia and Sudan were
in northern Albania and fighting with the KLA. Klosi recently stated
that there is an attempt to destabilize the country, alluding primarily
to former premier Sali Berisha.
Jihad and Serbia
In 1994 in Lebanon, a radical Sunni Muslim group, Takfir wal Hijra,
attempted to blow up a convoy of Serbian priests who were on their way
Koura. The priests avoided death when the suicide bomber detonated the
explosive device prematurely.
This attempt on the lives of Serbian priests preceded a more ambitious
plan. At the 18th Islamic conference, Al-Jama'ah al-Islaiyyah, held in
Pakistan (October 23-25, 1998), Albanian separatism in Kosovo and
Metohija was characterized as a Jihad. The same definition was given to
Muslim battles in India (Kashmir), Israel (Palestine) and Eritrea. By
defining armed battles as a "holy war" or Jihad, an obligation is placed
on the Muslim world to do everything in its power - economically,
politically and diplomatically - to aid the fight for freedom in
occupied Muslim territories". This gave legitimacy to terrorist acts
carried out by Allah's holy warriors. Referring to a Jihad, the
terrorist organization of Osama bin Laden announced terrorist attacks
against "infidel nations", namely Great Britain, United States, France,
Israel, Russia, India and Serbia.
The Bosnian Jihad Connection
In Bosnia-Herzegovina, the influence of the ruling Islamic party, Party
of Democratic Action (SDA), has brought out the recently born again
"true believers". Recognized by their long beards and short-legged
pants, large numbers of them participated in KLA terrorist activities in
Kosovo and Metohija. The transport of these Jihad warriors was conducted
under the patronage of the SDA which provided them with passports. Visas
were issued for a "haj," or pilgrimage, to Mecca. Dr. Nauman Balic, head
of the Kosovo SDA and now a minister in Hashim Thaci's government", was
responsible for their transit to Albania. The Bosnian Muslims were
provided with journalists' credentials and 2,000 DM for travel costs. It
is not known how many returned from Kosovo, but a number of these Jihad
warriors lost their lives in Chechnya.
The Sarajevo authorities were active in the training of terrorists. In
1993 Saudi Arabia provided $1 million to build a refugee camp for
Bosnian Muslims in Albania. One of the main political leaders of the
Muslim authorities in Sarajevo admitted to Misha Glenny that the base
was used to train saboteurs sent to Kosovo because their Serbian was
flawless.
Kosovo under NATO - A Virtual Narco-State (1)
The benefits of the drug trade are evident around Pristina -- more so
than the benefits of Western aid. "The new buildings, the better roads,
and the sophisticated weapons -- many of these have been bought with
drugs," says Michel Koutouzis, the Balkans region expert for the Global
Drugs Monitor (OGD), a Paris-based think tank. The repercussions of this
drug connection are only now emerging, and many Kosovo observers fear
that the province could be evolving into a virtual narco-state under the
noses of 49,000 peacekeeping troops.
It was the disparate structure of the KLA, Koutouzis says, that
Facilitated the drug-smuggling explosion. "It permitted a
democratization of drug trafficking where ordinary people get involved,
and everyone contributes a part of his profit to his clan leader in the
KLA," he explains. "The more illegal the activity, the more money the
clan gets from the traffickers. So it's in the interest of the clan to
promote drug trafficking".
According to Marko Nicovic, the former chief of police in Belgrade, now
an investigator who works closely with Interpol, the international
police agency, 400 to 500 Kosovo Albanians move shipments in the 20-kilo
range, while about 5,000 Kosovo Albanians are small-timers, handling
shipments of less than two kilos. At one point in 1996, he says, more
than 800 ethnic Albanians were in jail in Germany on narcotics charges.
In many places, Kosovo Albanians traffickers gained a foothold in the
Illicit drug trade through raw violence. According to a 1999 German
Federal Police report, "The ethnic Albanian gangs have been involved in
drugs, weapons trafficking blackmail, and murder. They are increasingly
prone to violence".
Tony White of the United Nations Drug Control Program agrees with this
assessment. "They are more willing to use violence than any other
group," he says. "They have confronted the established order throughout
Europe and pushed out the Lebanese, Pakistani, and Italian cartels".
Few gangs are willing to tangle with the Kosovo Albanians. Those that do
often pay the ultimate price. In January 1999, Kosovo Albanians killed
Nine people in Milan, Italy during a two-week bloodbath between rival
heroin groups.
Now free of the war and the Yugoslav police, drug traffickers have
Reopened the old Balkan Road. With the KLA in power -- and in the
spotlight - the top trafficking families have begun to seek relative
respectability without decreasing their heroin shipments. "The Kosovo
Albanians are trying to position themselves in the higher levels of
trafficking", says the U.N.'s Tony White. "They want to get away from
the violence of the streets and attract less attention. Criminals like
to move up like any other business, and the Kosovo Albanians are
becoming business leaders. They have become equal partners with the
Turks".
Italian national police discovered this new Kosovo Albanian outreach
last year when they undertook "Operation Pristina". The carabinieri
(Italian Police) uncovered a chain of connections that originated in
Kosovo and stretched through nine European countries, extending into
Central Asia, South America and the United States.
White House officials deny a whitewashing of KLA activities. "We do care
about (KLA drug trafficking)", says Agresti. "It's just that we've got
our hands full trying to bring peace there".
The DEA is equally reticent to address the issue. According to Michel
Koutouzis, the DEA's website once contained a section detailing Kosovo
Albanians trafficking, but a week before the US-led bombings began, the
section disappeared. "The DEA doesn't want to talk publicly (about the
KLA)", says OGD director Alain Labrousse. "It's embarrassing to them".
High-ranking US officials are dismayed that the KLA was installed in
power without public discussion or a thorough check of its background.
"I don't think we're doing anything there to stem the drugs", says a
senior State Department official. "It's out of control. It should be a
high priority. We've warned about it".
Even if it tried to stop the Kosovo Albanian heroin trade, the US would
be hard-pressed to do so. "Nobody's in control in Kosovo", adds the
State Department official. "They don't even have a police force".
Regardless of what it says, there's little indication that the
administration wants to do anything with the intelligence available
about its newest ally. "There is no doubt that the KLA is a major
trafficking organization", said a congressional expert who monitors the
drug trade and requested anonymity. "But we have a relationship with the
KLA, and the administration doesn't want to damage (its) reputation. We
are partners.
The attitude is: The drugs are not coming here, so let others deal with
it".
Conclusion
Indeed the biggest paradox in the world war on drugs is connected to the
Balkans and the outburst of terrorist activities in that troubled area.
What is the reason for this unusual co-relation between US policy in
Balkans, the most wanted terrorist in the world today, Osama bin y en,
and this enormous KLA drug trafficking.
As Michael Levine, a 25-year veteran of the DEA (US Drug Enforcement
Agency) stated: "They (the CIA) protected them the KLA) in every way
they could". McCoy, author of The Politics of Heroin, said the Afghan
Mujahideen rebels were one of the first US-backed rebel groups to get
into the heroin trade in a big way. The anti-Communist Mujahideen were
backed by the US in their opposition to the Soviet invasion of
Afghanistan in 1979. They started exporting massive amounts of opium to
raise money, with the knowledge and protection of the CIA and Pakistani
intelligence, according to McCoy. "That produced a massive traffic in
the '80s to Europe and the U.S.," he said.
Other recipients of US support were Nicaraguan Contras, Panama's General
Noriega, Afghan Taliban, Indonesia (remember massacres by their special
units in Timor), and Burma's Khun Sa. Another US-backed rebel army, the
Nicaraguan contras, raised money for their war against the leftist
Sandinista government in the 1980s by flooding U.S. cities with crack -
all with the knowledge and assistance of the CIA and the DEA, according
to the book Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras and the Crack Cocaine
Explosion, by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Gary Webb.
Webb's allegations were initially denied by the CIA, but a CIA
inspector-general's report in October 1998 revealed that 58 contras were
linked to drug allegations.
Early in 1999, as the war against Serbia raged, Congress voted to fund
the KLA's drive for independence. One tear later the US embrace of the
KLA may come as an embarrassment, but not a precedent.
Quo Vadis America?
1 - Material from "Mother Jones" Heroin Heroes, January/February 2000
used without permission, for academic and research purposes only.
The Centre for Peace in the Balkans
www.balkanpeace.org
---
SUI PIANI DI STANZIAMENTO PERMANENTE USA NELLA BASE DI CAMP BONDSTEEL
U.S. in Kosovo for the Long Haul
http://www.latimes.com/news/front/20000610/t000055108.html
Saturday, June 10, 2000
U.S. in Kosovo for the Long Haul
-
http;://www.serbia-info.com/news
"Le Figaro": American base was the aim of bombing of Yugoslavia
June 13, 2000
Paris, June 12th (Tanjug) - The official French government sticks to the
explanation they offered concerning their involvement in NATO aggression
on Yugoslavia, but they can no longer deceive neither their public nor
the media about the real cause of the criminal bombing of Yugoslavia. It
turned out that Paris and other Europeans "worked" for the benefit of
Washington interests, which is stressed in the latest edition of the
Paris weekly "Le Figaro".
"Allies of the United States start to wonder whether the formation of
American base in Kosmet was real purpose of the war" led, allegedly, on
behalf of the human rights of Kosmet Albanians, and which ended a year
ago. This is the statement by which the Paris weekly announced detailed
story about the American base "Bondsteel" in southern Kosovo.
"Le Figaro" published the information already known by Yugoslav public
and described "Bondsteel" as "large base" or even "military-industrial
complex" which resembled more "a town of 10 000 inhabitants than a
temporary camp provided by the UN Security Council Resolution 1244 a
year ago by which the bombing of Yugoslavia was ended".
The base, for which the weekly said "it was no secret, but was rather
discrete", spreads over the area of 300 hectares, where everything shows
that it was created "to stay for long".
In the base, the weekly said, there were 1600 lodgings, provided with
heating and air conditioners, 24 administration buildings "which were
already constructed and other which are under construction", "two
pharaoh dining rooms" open 24 hours, as well as the infrastructure
objects, including the projection room with 800 seats, football and
other sports fields.
"Everything proves that Americans came there to stay longer. They do not
even hide it, since the officers admit in cold blood that this base is
the most important one outside the US", "Le Figaro" says.
The Paris weekly stressed that the American base position in Kosmet was
"ideally chosen", since it is a "Muslim area where European sentiments
do not exist" and it is also the region where the conflict zones cross:
the Balkans, Mediterranean and the Middle East together with its oil.
"The Crusade for human rights of ethnic Albanians could, as its first
result i.e. its purpose, have (new) arrangement of Americans in the Old
continent", which is actually the creation of mighty "Bondsteel" base,
"Le Figaro" weekly concludes in this week's edition.
---
http://www.foreignaffairs.org/hedges.html/reader/reprints.html
Foreign Affairs May/Junel 1999 (volume 78, number 3)
Kosovo's Next Masters
By Chris Hedges
INSIDE THE KOSOVO LIBERATION ARMY
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* Armi USA per l'UCK (Tanjug / Emperors Clothes)
* 1995-1997: "preistoria" delle forniture di armi all'UCK... (BTA,
Albanian Daily News)
* Il terrorismo ceceno ha radici in Kosovo? (Albanian Daily News)
* BALKAN - ALBANIA - KOSOVO - HEROIN - JIHAD (Center for Peace in the
Balkans)
* Sui piani di stanziamento permanente USA in Kosovo (LA Times, Le
Figaro, SerbiaInfo)
* Un articolo sull'UCK da Foreign Affairs (link)
---
TOWARDS A "NEW KOSOVO"
http://www.sabac.co.yu/e-zine/social_politics/txt/english/n_arvanites_towards_new_kosovo_062000.html
Text: Nick Arvanites , expert for geopolitics
© Sabac OnLine, June 2000.
It started with the "ethnic cleansing" of the Kosovo Albanians[1], but
one year after the entry of peacekeeping forces into
Kosovo, the tables have turned.
The KFOR peace force entered Kosovo on the 13th of June 1999 with the
aim of guaranteeing peace and security to all the
citizens of the Serbian southern province with the support of the UN
civil authority as well as a number of humanitarian
and non-government organizations[2]. Since then over 180,000 Serbs and
other non-Albanians have fled or have been
driven out of the province, 3,688 terrorist attacks have been
perpetrated, 739 people have been killed, 611 injured, 688
kidnapped and over 70 Serbian Orthodox churches and monasteries
destroyed or damaged. According to journalistic data
the majority of Kosovo's towns have been all but cleansed of Serbs.
About 2,500 Serbs have remained in Orahovac and Velika Hoca, while from
the village of Brecja near Kosovo Polje, across
Drenica and Metohija to the Albanian border not more than a few tens of
Serbs remain. Around a hundred Serbian families
have remained in Prizren, six old women have found shelter in the
Djakovica church, and two women in the Pec
Patriarchy. A larger number of Serbs, about 100,000 have remained in the
Kosovo basin, the Morava valley of Kosovo and
in Sririnik region of the Sar mountains.[3]
Obviously, the state of affairs in Kosovo after the arrival of
peacekeeping forces has been deteriorating constantly. Some
of the UN representatives also think that there are no positive trends
in this region. For example, the German paper,
BERLINER ZEITUNG, quotes an active UN representative in Kosmet, Tom
Kenings, who says that "the murders of
Serbs and Romas have not stopped there" and concludes that "the idea of
the creation of multiethnic Kosovo has dismally
failed".[4]
Some[5] believe that Kenings' statements contradict statements issuing
from NATO's military and political leadership,
that the Alliance is presently the only credible and effective force for
the containment of conflict anywhere in the world
especially when having in mind that, as a the result of the same NATO
policy, the Albanian authorities in the region are
caving in under the pressure from the criminal clans of Hasim Taci and
other KLA leaders who receive extra profit from
narcobusiness and the arms trade.
Four months after the bombardment of Yugoslavia, secret documents,
signed by the general secretary of NATO, Javier
Solana, were leaked. These documents analyze the manner in which the KLA
is financed and comment on its Mafia
connections and the routes by which arms reach Kosovo. All NATO members
were familiar with the contents of the
documents dated 10.02.1999[6]. However, this did not stop them from
launching the air-campaign against Yugoslavia
only 45 days later.
According to the precise, secret data in the document, the KLA received
arms and financial support from the Albanian
Diaspora and different criminal groups. Traffic in narcotics provides
the basic part of income. A significant role is played
by the Mafia from Croatia, consisting of Croats who left Kosovo from
1989 to 1990. It controls the drugs traffic in
Zagreb and gives economic support to the KLA. The routes along which
arms travel to Kosovo are the same ones used by
humanitarian organizations, and arms are hidden in the same trucks
carrying food and medicine. Besides some
internationally known humanitarian organizations, this is true of
Albanian humanitarian organizations such as "Help for
Kosovo" with central offices in Tirana. According to a further NATO
report the largest help to the KLA comes from
Europe, but also from North America and the Middle East. The arms routes
go through Bosnia, Italy, Croatia, Macedonia
and Montenegro. The countries from which the KLA has bought arms are:
Rumania, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Turkey, Cyprus,
China, Israel, Bosnia, Croatia, South Africa and Switzerland. The
center of economic operations is in Switzerland and the
money is transferred further via banks. Bosnia has become the center of
arms trade due to its special position . After the
war in Croatia and Bosnia a large quantity of arms has remained there,
while SFOR "... allows smugglers freedom of
movement...". In one part, the report suggests measures to be used to
prevent the arms trade, arms delivery and financial
support to the KLA, but in the same breath it continues: "these measures
should be taken if this is the result we require".
The Kosmet "gray zone" which is more and more in the state of collapse,
due to the lack of infrastructure, political
corruption, the international community's lack of success and the loss
of legitimacy and control over certain factions, has
become the resort of criminal syndicates and terrorist groups which are
the centers of local power and money acquired
through smuggling, the development of low and middle level narcobusiness
and other illegal activities[7]. At the same
time a part of the KLA incorporates in the Albanian narcomafia[8] from
the harbor of Valona to Drac, the old training
centers of the KLA in northern Albania in Kukes, in Tropoja to the
Adriatic with transit zones through Prokletije or via
the Skadar lake channel. At the local level, former KLA structures aim
to create an ethnically cleansed Kosmet with the
forms of government of the Sicilian, Albanian or Colombian type, where
the Mafia controls local and other policies
primarily through influencing local administration and the management
of large firms, and by infiltrating the local
police and the UN and KFOR structures, primarily by means of supplying
luxury goods, drugs and prostitution[9].
More than 10,000 prostitutes are thought to be working in Kosmet,
recruited from Kosmet, Albania, Macedonia,
Bulgaria and the interior of Serbia and Montenegro with a calculated
profit of 600 to 700 million marks a year[10].
Counterfeit money and documents originating from Kosmet are also
expected to appear. It is clear that this is a highly
criminalized corner of southeast Europe, the potential victims of which
could also be the KFOR mission and the total
UN presence in Kosmet. The power of money can be used to bribe
influential individuals from the UN, OSCE, EU and
NATO administration.
According to the statements of OSCE mission co-workers in Kosovo, the
takeover of one of the largest energy
complexes, OBILIC, by the Kosmet Albanians the Thaci clan has secured
another source of riches. At this moment the
power station produces at least 700mWATTs of electrical energy, but only
150mWATTs reach the consumers. This
means that the rest of the energy is illegally exported to Macedonia,
Albania and possibly to Serbia, and the income thus
gained ends up in the pockets of the Thaci family. According to the UN
experts, this source of income is second in
importance after drugs trafficking but the present administration cannot
halt it due to an apparent lack of evidence. In the
UN and OSCE mission some believe that the UN mission chief Bernard
Koucner takes his cut of this profit, via Thaci.
Such rumors were be heard in Kosmet particularly after the release of
Thaci's brother who had been arrested at the
beginning of January this year because of illegal possession of arms and
released only a couple of hours later, following
the personal intervention of Kouchner[11].
Thus the Thaci clan and their associates can expand their influence on
political developments, the organization of local
government and the police, the distribution of humanitarian aid and the
expansion of crime while, at the same time,
carrying out terrorist acts against the non-Albanian population, thus
forcing them to flee the province. There are
additional indications that the KLA is preparing for the physical
liquidation of persons on the KLA lists[12]. Those
targeted would be politicians, journalists, members of the Yugoslav Army
and Police force, undesirable for the KLA but
also for the "underground diplomacy" of Albania and some countries of
the KFOR mission. Taci's intention seems to be to
launch terrorism within Serbia proper, everywhere where Albanians live,
primarily in Bujanovac, Presevo and Medvedja
where Albanians constitute a significant presence[13]. The resistance of
the Albanian village militias is also to be
expected, since they are against KLA plundering and enforcement of their
will in ethnically pure Albanian environments.
In this context the possibility of activating a part of the KLA in
Macedonia should not be excluded, and this would be
within "Brigade KLA 121"[14].
However, the Albanian "civil option" in Kosmet and other ordinary
citizens have reacted against the Thaci clan on a
number of occasions, some of them even say that "it was better at the
time of Serbs"[15], but those political players have
no room for maneuver at present. They are awaiting another phase with a
clearer form of KLA transformation and
probably a more stable picture of political actors in Belgrade who have
to understand that the solution exists only from
inside, and not outside, and that it is high time speeches about
Kosmet's and country's fate were delivered inside the
Serbian territory rather than in neighboring countries or luxurious
offices and hotels in abroad.
Nick Arvanites,
May, 2000.
© Saba c OnLine
[1] Raport mbi shkeljen e të drejtave e të lirive të njeriut në Kosovë
gjatë vitit 1999: DHUNA E TERRORI I
INSTITUCIONALIZUAR SERB MORI DIMENSIONIN E HAPUR SHFAROSËS GJENOCIDAL TË
SHQIPTARËVE
[2] Joska Fiser, Kosovo: Izazovi i Sanse, autorski tekst za BLIC,
24/3/2000- Ambassador Alexander Vershbow , European Security Post-Kosovo
,
Oxford's Konigswinter Conference 23/3/2000.
[3] Crucified Kosovo, Destroyed and Desecrated Serbian Orthodox Churches
in Kosovo and Metohia (June-October 1999), Media and Publishing
Center of Raska and Prizren Orthodox Eparchy- Zoran Andjelkovic, Days of
Terror,Center for Peace and Tolerance, Belgrade 2000-Teroristicki
Akti Albanskih Teroristickih Grupa na Kosovu i Metohiji, Dokumenta i
Dokazi 1/1/1998-10/6/1999, III&IV, SMIP, Beograd, Mart 2000- Sefko
Alomerovic, Postoje li Logori na Kosovu?, AIM, 31/3/2000- Gordana
Janicijevic, Otimaju Bebe, Zene, Starce, DUGA, No 1736Natasa Kandic, The
Lesson of Orahovac: The International Administration in KosovoEncourages
Violence Against Serbs, HLC Belgrade- Human Rights Watch, FRY:
Abuses Against Serbs and Roma in the New Kosovo, August 1999, Vol. 11,
No 10 (D)
[4] 18/1/2000
[5] N.D.A. Arvanites, Geopolitika i Balkan: Organizovani Kriminal i Novi
Svetski Poredak na Kosovu, BACL, Beograd 2000, p. 41-44
[6] IMS Assesment of UCK Arms Trafficking from Secretary General to
Permanent Representatives (Council) & Head of Mission of the Three
Invited Countries, SG (99) 0170, 10 February 1999- RIZOSPASTIS, 22
August 1999- STRATFOR Special Report, Kosovo: One Year Later,
3/3/2000- DUGA, Tajno Pismo Clanicama o Ilegalnom Naoruzavanju OVK,
No1721- N.D.A. Arvanites, Geopolitika i Balkan: Organizovani Kriminal
i Novi Svetski Poredak na Kosovu, BACL, Beograd 2000,p. 19-22, 29-32,
75-86
[7]Budimir Babovic, Iz Dosijea Interpola, Beograd 1991- Kosovo: Zona
bez Zakona, DANAS, 23/2/2000- Barry James, War Zone Turns to
Crime:Kosovo and Albania Are Cited for Lawlessness, International
Herald Tribune, 15/3/2000-Nikolaj Chavdarov, Kosovo Narco-Mafia Invading
Bulgaria, Sega, Sofia- Maggie O'Kane, Kosovo Drug Mafia Supply Heroin to
Europe, The Guardian, 13/3/2000- Imer Mushkolaj, KOSOVO DRUG
THREAT:Albanian drug dealers and traffickers are flourishing in post-war
Kosovo, IWPR'S BALKAN CRISIS REPORT, NO. 142, 23/5/2000
[8] Goran Draskovic, Osnovni Pravci Medjnarodnog Tranzita Opojnih Droga-
Ozivljavanje Balkanskog Puta in SPRECAVANJE ZLOUPOTREBE
DROGA, Srpsko Udruzenje Za Krivicno Pravo, 1999, p.123-131
[9] What Happened to the KLA?, International Crisis Group Reports,
3/3/2000
[10] Transfer Devojaka sa Istoka na Zapad, DANAS 18/2/2000- Mlade
Albanke Belo Roblje, GLAS, 18/3/2000- NATO Forces spur Kosovo
Prostitution Boom, AFP, 5/1/2000- Frances Kennedy, Albanians Redraw
Italy's Crime Map, The Independent, 20/2/2000-James Pringle, Sex Slave
Trade Thrives Among Kosovo Troops, The Times, 5/2/2000-Nightclub
shame,24/2/2000, TIMES- FEATURES- Imer Mushkolaj and Mentor
Shala, A Prostitutes Call: We Will Take Over Kosovo, IWPR, No 101,
10/12/1999
[11] Kosovo rebuilds among ruins of thewar that never ends, THE SUNDAY
TIMES, 19/5/2000- Kouchner and Reinhardt pronounce Thaci
untouchable, AFP, 22/1/2000- Vladimir Milovanovic, Kosovska Privreda:
Vlasnistvo Kusnera, VREME, 13/5/2000- on the field reports and
interviews in Kosovo
[12] Radivoje Petrovic, Likcidacije Medju Albanskim Teroristima,
POLITIKA, 11/5/2000- Granit Guri, Elimination of Former KLA Commanders:
"X
File", AIM , 18/5/ 2000
[13] Baton Haxhiu, Pse nuk mund te perseritet UCK-ja?: Pse dallojne
Kosova Lindore dhe Kosova. Ideja per t'i pershtaturPresheves, Bujanocit
dhe
Medvegjes variantin e Kosoves eshte aq errezikshme sa mund te kete
pasoja te renda per Kosoven dhe per politiken nderkombetare karshi ketij
problemi, Revista Klan, Nr 150- Fehim Rexhepi, Presevo, Boujanovac,
Medvedja:Moguca Tacka Sukoba?, AIM,5/2/2000- Vukasin Obradovic, Sta
se Zbiva na Jugu Srbije?, AIM, 4/3/2000- Milorad Pavlovic, Presevo i
Bujanovac ili Prica o Najavi Vrelog Proleca, DUGA, No 1737
[14]Slucaj Aracinovo: Stranskite paruznavaci predupreduvat na "proletno
scenario", START, No 53, 28/1/2000.D.A. Arvanites, Geopolitika i Balkan:
Organizovani Kriminal i Novi Svetski Poredak na Kosovu, BACL, Beograd
2000,p. 23-27, 33-36, 37-39, 45-46, 49-51
[15]Zijadin Gashi, Rugova Pridobija Birace Cuteci, Thaci obustavlja
Kritike, AIM, 30/1/2000- Lj. Staletovic, Zajednicki Zivot Uslov
Opstanka,
GLAS, 18/3/2000-Srpsko-Albanski Dijalog, Helsniski Odbor za Ljudska
Prava u Srbiji, I, Beograd 1997/ II, Beograd 1999
---
ARMI USA ALL'UCK
From: http://emperors-clothes.com/indexe.htm
U.S Arms 3,500 Albanian Terrorists
By the Yugoslav press agency, Tanjug
With extensive comments by Jared Israel (05/0500)
The following is based on an article from Tanjug (pronounced tanyug),
the
press service of the Yugoslav government. Given the admittedly partisan
source some might be inclined to poo-poo the charges made here, so I
added
some quotes from pro-NATO media. These and my own analysis suggest that,
if
anything, Tanjug understates its case, sparing us some of the more
unbelievable details.
TANJUG: The US administration recently secretly armed more than 3.500
Albanian extremists who are acting under the wing of the Kosovo
Protection
Corps (KPC). The US government has continually supplied Albanian
terrorists
in Kosovo-Metohija with arms since the arrival of the UN Peace Mission
in
the southern Serbian province, in spite of verbal public condemnations
of
terrorism, and unknown to its allies in KFOR.
Jared comments: In Why is the KLA shooting at KFOR? we noted that recent
fighting between the Kosovo Liberation Army and French troops in
northern
Kosovo (Mitrovica) was really a proxy war between the US and France.
Well,
during that fighting, French troops seized a KLA ambulance stuffed with,
we
kid you not, "14 anti-tank rocket launchers, more than 180
high-explosive
grenades, and more than 3,000 cartridges for guns, (Bergen County
Record,
2-16-00) and "including a US-made 'street sweeper' grenade launcher..."
(AFP, 2-15-00)
Got that? Pretty amazing?
Here's more amazing. Gen. Shelton, boss of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
immediately held a press conference commenting on the ambulance. Why
would a
big-shot like him comment on an incident like that? But OK, did he at
least
denounce the KLA for violating the UN agreement under which NATO tries
to
justify its occupation of Kosovo? Did he chastise the KLA for planning
to
slaughter even more local people and now French troops as well? No sir,
he
talked about the difficulties of preventing arms smuggling from Serbia.
>From Serbia?
The ambulance was seized as it was being driven north towards not away
from
inner Serbia. And these were US-made weapons stashed inside, and this
was a
KLA ambulance.
So what was the point of Shelton's statement? I think the intention was
clear. By first taking the unheard of step of commenting on a minor
incident, and then pointing the finger at Yugoslavia instead of the KLA,
Shelton was affirming, at the highest level, that the US government
supported the KLA arms buildup. What reason do we have to doubt that the
US
also covertly supplies the KLA with weapons? The only question is: why
would
the US equip only 3500 terrorists? has the CIA gotten cheap?
Back to TANJUG: The Kosovo Protection Corps, officially formed Sept 20,
1999
as a civilian institution...is actually the so-called Kosovo Liberation
Army
(KLA)...an extreme grouping of Albanian separatists but repackaged in a
manner that NATO experts hope will be acceptable to the international
public, that is, in a manner that creates the illusion of respecting
Resolution 1244 of the UN Security Council.
Jared comments: The Kosovo Protection Corps is openly run by the same
thugs
who led the KLA. It's a name change. The KPC remains a racist, crazy,
terrorist-gangster organization. Just read the following mind boggling
account from the Albanian Daily News of 4-19-00. If I were editing the
Albanian Daily News, I would have called the story:
"THE RIGHT TO BEAR ROCKET LAUNCHERS.."
Forgive me but I peppered the Daily News text with comments, in
brackets.
Here's the story:
"United Nations police have detained a suspect in the murder of a
high-ranking officer of the Kosovo Protection Force (KPC), spokesman
Charlie
Johnson said Tuesday... They are also searching for another man
suspected of
involvement in the slaying in central Pristina Monday of Besim Mala, a
former commander of the separatist Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA)...gunned
down in broad daylight in a restaurant in what was thought to be a
property
dispute, Johnson said.
The suspect was detained several hours later. The killing was condemned
by
the commander of the KPC, General Agim Ceku who described it as an
attack on
the "freedom and future of Kosovo."
[Jared's note: Ceku is a former (?) KLA top leader, that is, war
criminal.
He has also been charged with war crimes for his role five years ago
helping
lead the slaughter and expulsion of over 200,000 Serbian residents of
the
Krajina section of what is now Croatias. It is clear from Ceku's remark
about the murder being "an attack on the 'freedom and future of
Kosovo.'"
that this killing resulted from a leadership fight within the KPC. These
guys conduct elections in the style of Al Capone: "Bang! Youse guys is
dead.
My guys is elected!"]
The KPC is a civil emergency organization formed out of the
demilitarized
KLA. [Jared's note: Demilitarized? This is nightmare-comedy. Read on...]
Johnson said UN police had also released a man held late Monday in
connection with another attack in central Prishtina just a few hundred
meters from the restaurant where Mala was shot. The man had been
detained by
KFOR peacekeeping troops at a vehicle checkpoint for having two rocket
warheads in his car shortly after unidentified attackers fired a
rocket-propelled grenade into a building in the city center. The blast
injured two ethnic Albanians but was thought to have been targeted at a
neighboring apartment occupied by Serbian journalists, Johnson said. He
[Johnson] said the explosive had apparently been fired from a rocket
launcher from a nearby rooftop. The firing tube was found some 200
meters
from the rooftop, Johnson said.
The detainee was released after explosives experts established the
rockets
he was carrying were of a different type to the one used in the attack.
[Jared's note: Is any comment necessary?]
Back to TANJUG: Since the arrival of KFOR in Kosovo-Metohija, members of
"Kosovo Protection Corps" have brutally liquidated more than 1.000
civilians.
Jared comments: KFOR, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International,
Kosovapress, and the Internatioanl Crisis Group, who are to different
degrees either NATO or pro-NATO, have each admitted the KLA/KPC killed
hundreds of people in Kosovo. There is no question that, in NATO's
interest,
these groups have understated the numbers murdered.
The Orthodox Church, the Pristina Center for Tolerance and the Yugoslav
government have documented hundreds more deaths. Aside from that, many
have
been kidnapped and may be dead. In any case, the most important point is
not
the exact number of murders - which probably exceed 1000 - but the
situation.
Over 300,000 people have been driven from Kosovo. This includes most
Serbs,
Slavic Muslims, about 150,000 non-KLA Albanians and tens of thousands of
Roma ("Gypsies"). They did not leave out of fear of NATO bombs and they
did
not leave in order to make a political statement, to make the KLA look
bad.
They left because of the following:
"Murder, torture and extortion: these are the extraordinary charges made
against the UN's own Kosovo Protection Corps in a confidential United
Nations report written for Secretary-General Kofi Annan.
The KPC stands accused in the document, drawn up on 29 February, of
'criminal activities - killings, ill-treatment/torture, illegal
policing,
abuse of authority, intimidation, breaches of political neutrality and
hate-speech'.
The 5,000-strong corps, funded by UN members including Britain, has a
£30
million aid budget for Kosovo. It was set up to provide 'disaster
response
services'; instead, says the UN, it has been murdering and torturing
people." (From London Observer, 3/12/00 quoted in How will you plead at
the
trial, Mr.Annan?)
In other words, the cause of the huge exodus is gangsterism and racist
terror. As you may recall, NATO said it was taking over Kosovo in order
to
produce racial harmony. So what is NATo's reaction to the destruction of
multietnic life in Kosovo, to the transformation of Kosovo into a
nightmare
of fascist gangsterism? Here is the answer from the outgoing NATO
Commander
in Kosovo, Gen. Wesley Clark:
"On Monday, he visited Kosovo and said there was an 'increasing sense of
security, the indicators of recovery from strong-arm ethnic cleansing
and
even some first budding signs of willingness to tolerate ethnic
differences
and cooperate among ethnic groups.'"
TANJUG: The Corps comprises 5.000 men and is under the direct command of
the
KFOR...in keeping with the policy of the UN Secretary-General's special
envoy... Bernard Kouchner of France.
The fact that US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright recently ordered
Hague Tribunal Chief Prosecutor, Carla Del Ponte, to strike leader
Hashim
Thaci (of the officially disbanded terrorist KLA) from the list of
persons
indicted for war crimes, is perhaps the best confirmation that Albanian
extremists are in fact favorites and protégés of the US administration.
Jared comments: Maybe the Thaci cover-up is the best evidence that the
murderous KLA racists are US administration proteges. But it's as we
have
seen, it is not the only evidence.
Let me close with a quote from an op ed article in the NY Times by
William
Clinton. It is inconceivable that when Clinton wrote this op ed piece
last
May he was unaware of the nature of the KLA, which US covert agencies
had
helped to create and for whom the US had been the key sponsor at least
since
the Verification Teams went to Kosovo in the Fall of 1998. He understood
the
nature of the monster the US had chosen as its proxy force; he knew the
KLA's dreams:
"He, like many KLA officers, says openly that he dreams of a Kosovo
without
Serbs." (Description of KLA death squad commander "The Teacher", Agence
France Presse, August 19, 1999, quoted in The roots of Kosovo fascism by
George Thompson.)
Knowing what the KLA was, knowing what NATO and therefore KLA domination
of
Kosovo would mean, Clinton wrote:
"Freedom, respect for minority rights, and prosperity are powerful
forces
for progress. They give people goals to work for; they elevate hope over
fear and tomorrow over yesterday." (Clinton, op-ed editorial, NY Times,
May
23, 1999)
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---
1995: TRAFFICI DI ARMI IN BULGARIA/FYROM
1997: FURTI DI ARMI IN ALBANIA
BTA - BULGARIAN TELEGRAPH AGENCY
BULLETIN OF NEWS FROM BULGARIA
JUNE 16, 1995
ARM DEALS
The case of the so-called "Albanian deal" will be
tried within a month, "Standart News" writes citing Military
Prosecutor Colonel Mityu Markov. The question is about a
consignment of the Bulgarian Defence Ministry that
consisted of 100 mine-throwers, 10, 000 mines and 250
sniper rifles totalling 670, 000 US dollars which disappeared
in Macedonia on its way to Albania. It is not clear how the
carrier Mario Stoichkov, who in on the Interpol wanted list,
can be made to appear in court, the paper writes. The same
paper writes that eleven days ago Ivan M., a military
intelligence officer who was in charge of was reported
missing foreign currency remittances at the department, was
reported missing.
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 9, 2000
Over 500,000 Albanian Guns Unaccounted For
TIRANA - More than half a million guns looted during
Albania’s civil uprising in 1997 are still at large
despite the government’s efforts to retrieve them, the
Interior Ministry said on Thursday.
Minister Spartak Poci said one fifth - or 117,488 guns
- of the 650,000 plundered from army depots have been
collected over the past three years, as well as 84
million bullets from an arsenal of over 1.5 billion.
“A part of the stolen guns has left the country, but
we don’t know how much,” Poci told reporters. The bulk
is thought to have been trafficked to neighbouring
Kosovo to help ethnic Albanian Kosovo Liberation Army
guerrillas fight for independence from Belgrade in a
conflict that ended last year.
The 1997 Albanian uprising was sparked by the collapse
of corrupt pyramid investment schemes and lasted
several months. Angry mobs looted army barracks in an
effort to destroy everything related with the state.
Last month the police found in a village in the Lezha
district 19 air-to-air missiles, type P2. The missiles
were in working order and were returned to the nearby
Gjader military air base. Police said 20 missiles had
been stolen from the base in 1997. Only one has not
been found yet.
The government has recently been consistent in its
firm commitment to the disarmament process, but
despite two years of work, the number of weapons and
ammunition collected accounts for no more than 20
percent of those looted. The police has also seized 52
tonnes of TNT, only a small fraction of the explosives
looted.
The government decided earlier this year to create a
500 strong police force to deal specifically with the
disarmament process.
Disarmament campaign “Development instead of Weapons”
is being extended to several districts of Albania
following the success of the Gramsh pilot project. The
United Nations Development Programme, and other
international organisations sponsoring disarming
projects, have pledged to provide investments for the
restructuring of infrastructure and creation of jobs
in return of arms surrender.
---
KOSOVO E CECENIA
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 6, 2000
Russian General Says Terrorism in Chechnya Has Roots
in Kosovo
MOSCOW - The terrorism which Russia is fighting in
Chechnya has some roots in Kosovo, the commander of
Russia’s airborne troops General Georgy Shpak claimed
in a newspaper report published Monday.
In an interview with the daily Vremya Novostei, the
officer discussed Russia’s role in the KFOR
international peacekeeping effort in Kosovo.
“The presence of the Russians is indispensable in this
hot spot of Europe, where we have political and
economic interests and our ancient traditions,” he
said.
“Apart from that, the terrorism against which we are
fighting in Chechnya has certain roots in Kosovo,”
Shpak added, without elaborating.
Terrorism is the official Moscow terminology for the
activities of Chechen separatist fighters.
General Valery Manilov, number two in the military
hierarchy, threatened last month to withdraw Russian
forces from KFOR if Yugoslavia’s integrity was
threatened. Some 3,600 Russian troops serve with KFOR,
which has a multinational total of 40,000 under NATO
leadership.
Russian and German soldiers with KFOR came under
anti-tank, machine gun and automatic fire last week in
the latest in a series of incidents. Russian soldiers
are frequent targets of Kosovar Albanians who believe
the Russians support the Serbian ruling power in
Belgrade.
---
BALKAN - ALBANIA - KOSOVO - HEROIN - JIHAD
The Centre for Peace in the Balkans
www.balkanpeace.org
scontact@...
Research Analysis
May 2000
The biggest paradox in the international war on drugs is connected to
the Balkans and the explosion of terrorist activities in that troubled
area. However, it relates less to drugs and arms and more to the major
participants in this deadly game.
Terrorist organizations at the top of America's most wanted list are
receiving tacit support in the Balkans from the Clinton administration.
The "most wanted" terrorist in the world today, Osama bin Laden, who
declared a "fatwa" against the US, is being abetted by the Clinton
doctrine. In the Balkans, we are witnessing a true paradox where several
mortal enemies - Iranian revolutionary guards, Osama bin Laden and the
CIA - are standing shoulder to shoulder while pursuing diametrically
opposite goals.
Drugs Finance Terrorism
Earlier reporting has confirmed that terrorism in the Balkans has been
primarily financed through narcotics trafficking. Heroin - worth 12
times its weight in gold - is by far the most profitable commodity on
the markets. A kilogram of heroin, worth $1,000 in Thailand, wholesales
for $110,000 in Canada with a street value of $800,000.
In fact, heroin trafficking has become so beneficial to the cause of
Albanian separatism that the predominantly Albanian-inhabited towns of
Veliki Trnovac and Blastica in Serbia, Vratnica and Gostivar in FYR
Macedonia, and Shkoder and Durres in Albania have become known as the
"new Medellins" of the Balkans. Via the Balkan Route, heroin travels
through Turkey, FYR Macedonia, Kosovo and Albania en route to western
European markets. The value of the heroin shipped is $400-billion (US) a
year. As early as 1996, the US Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) detailed
the Balkan Route in its annual report. In 1998, the DEA stated that
Kosovo Albanians had become the second most important traffickers on the
Balkan Route.
These predominantly Albanian drug barons from Kosovo ship heroin
exclusively from Asia's Golden Crescent, an apparently inexhaustible
source. At one end of the crescent lies Afghanistan, which in 1999
surpassed Burma as the world's largest producer of opium poppies. From
there, the heroin base passes through Iran to Turkey, where it is
refined, and then placed into the hands of the Albanians who operate out
of the lawless towns bordering FYR Macedonia, Albania, and Serbia.
According to the US State Department, four to six tons of heroin move
through Turkey every month.
"Not very much is stopped", says one official. "We get just a fraction
of the total". Not surprisingly, the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) has
flourished along the route. Its dependence on the drug lords is
difficult to prove, but the evidence is impossible to overlook.
In 1998, German Federal Police froze two bank accounts belonging to the
"United Kosova" organization at a Dusseldorf bank after it was
discovered that several hundred thousand dollars had been deposited into
those accounts by a convicted Kosovo Albanian drug trafficker. According
to at least one published report, Bujar Bukoshi, Prime Minister of the
"Kosova" Government in Exile, also allegedly controlled the accounts.
In early 1999 an Italian court in Brindisi convicted an Albanian heroin
trafficker named Amarildo Vrioni, who admitted obtaining weapons for the
KLA from the Mafia in exchange for drugs.
Last February 23, Czech police arrested Princ Dobroshi, the head of an
Albanian Kosovo drug gang. While searching his apartment, they
discovered evidence that he had placed orders for light infantry weapons
and rocket systems. No one had questioned what a small-time dealer would
be doing with rockets. Only later did Czech police reveal he was
shipping them to the KLA. The Czechs extradited Dobroshi to Norway where
he had escaped from prison in 1997 while serving a 14-year sentence for
heroin trafficking.
It's therefore not surprising, say European law enforcement officials,
that the faction that ultimately seized power in Kosovo -- the KLA under
Hashim Thaci -- was the group that maintained the closest links to
traffickers.
In its report about the KLA and heroin smuggling, the Montreal Gazette
wrote: "...Michael Levine, a 25-year veteran of the DEA (US Drug
Enforcement Agency) who left in 1990, said he believes there is no
question that US intelligence knew about the KLA's drug ties. "They (the
CIA) protected them (the KLA) in every way they could. As long as the
CIA is protecting the KLA, you've got major drug pipelines protected
from any police investigation", said Levine, who teaches undercover
tactics and informer handling to US and Canadian police forces,
including the RCMP. "The evidence is irrefutable," he said, explaining
that his information comes from "sources inside the DEA".
The Albanian Medellin connection is particularly strong in Italy where
it is operating in conjunction with the "Sacra Corona Unita," or the
fourth mafia. The group controls the drug trade in the regions of
Brindisi, Lecce and Taranto.
The tentacles of the Albanian mafia stretch across Europe. According to
Interpol, Albanian-speaking drug dealers accounted for 14% of those
arrested for heroin smuggling in 1997. While the average trafficker was
apprehended with two grams of heroin, the Albanians had an average of
120 grams in their possession. Scandinavian countries claim that
Albanians control 80% of the heroin market there. Switzerland says 90%
of the drug trafficking in that country is connected to Albanians.
German law enforcement agencies claim that Albanians form the largest
group involved in heroin trafficking.
German Federal Police now say that Kosovo Albanians import 80 percent of
Europe's heroin. So dominant is the Kosovo Albanian presence in
trafficking that many European users refer to illicit drugs in general
as "Albanka", or Albanian lady.
Terrorism, Spies and Albanians
Osama bin Laden's activities in Albania are well known and documented.
The presence of his network in that country is so powerful that US
Defence Secretary William Cohen cancelled a scheduled visit last July
out of fear of being assassinated.
The Albanian national security organization SHIK confirmed that plans
exist to target US objects in Albania. SHIK is the offspring of the
notorious communist security apparatus the "Sigurimi." The former head
of the Sigurimi, Irakli Kocollari, is advisor to the current head of
SHIK, Fatos Klosi. In 1997 the CIA sent a team of experts to modernize
and reorganize SHIK. The other major patron of SHIK is the German
intelligence agency Bundensnachrichtendienst (BND) which opened one of
its largest stations in Tirana. A review of BND personnel is revealing.
While the terrorist Albanian organization Ushtria Clirimtare e Kosove -
UCK (KLA) was being formed, the BND was headed by Hansjorg Geiger whose
deputy was Rainer Kesselring, the son of the Luftwaffe general who
bombed Belgrade during the Second World War.
Mr. Kesselring was given the job of training KLA terrorists at a Turkish
base near Izmir where he was head of the BND station in 1978. French
sources confirmed that members of the German commando unit, Kommando
Spezialkrafte (KSK), participated in the KLA training program. Gen.
Klaus Neumann, the outgoing head of NATO's occupational forces in Kosovo
and Metohija, formed the German commando unit.
The relationship between the CIA and SHIK is one of master and servant.
At the CIA's "request" last year, Albania expelled three "humanitarian"
workers, two Syrians and an Iranian. Acting on another request, SHIK
arrested an Albanian national, Maksim Ciciku, for spying on the US
embassy. Ciciku was educated in Saudi Arabia. In Albania he worked for a
private security company which provided bodyguards for visiting Arabs.
He was accused of following embassy employees on behalf of Osama bin
Laden. Albania also expelled four Egyptians who were suspected of ties
to bin Laden. Two others were arrested and handed over to US agents,
along with a van full of documents and computer equipment, all of which
belonged to Osama bin Laden's organization.
At about the same time, Iran, through its embassy in Rome and it's
operative Mahmut Nuranija, began to organize an intelligence-gathering
sector in Albania. Their involvement in Albania was based on two levels:
economic-financial through the Albanian Arab Islamic Bank, and
humanitarian through organizations which have become standard covers for
subversive activities. At the beginning of 1998 Iran began the serious
consolidation of its most important European strongholds, Sarajevo and
Tirana. According to Yossef Bodansky, terrorism and unconventional
warfare analyst, Iran aided the KLA by providing military plans drawn up
by Zaim Bersa, a former colonel in the Yugoslav National Army (JNA), and
another Kosovo Albanian, Ejup Dragaj.
One of the leaders of an elite KLA unit was Muhammed al-Zawahiri, the
brother of Dr. Ayman al-Zawahiri, a leader in an Egyptian Jihad
organization and a military commander of Osama bin Laden. Once again
Kosovo becomes a paradox where several mortal enemies - Iranian
revolutionary guards, Osama bin Laden and the CIA - are standing
shoulder to shoulder training the KLA.
It is believed that bin Laden solidified his organization in Albania in
1994 with the help of then premier Sali Berisha. Albania's ties to
Islamic terrorist blossomed during Berisha's rule when the main KLA
training base was on Berisha's property in northern Albania. During the
"honeymoon" period between the CIA and Jihad holy warriors, Fatos Klosi,
the head of SHIK, said he had reliable information that four groups of
Jihad warriors from Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Algiers, Tunisia and Sudan were
in northern Albania and fighting with the KLA. Klosi recently stated
that there is an attempt to destabilize the country, alluding primarily
to former premier Sali Berisha.
Jihad and Serbia
In 1994 in Lebanon, a radical Sunni Muslim group, Takfir wal Hijra,
attempted to blow up a convoy of Serbian priests who were on their way
Koura. The priests avoided death when the suicide bomber detonated the
explosive device prematurely.
This attempt on the lives of Serbian priests preceded a more ambitious
plan. At the 18th Islamic conference, Al-Jama'ah al-Islaiyyah, held in
Pakistan (October 23-25, 1998), Albanian separatism in Kosovo and
Metohija was characterized as a Jihad. The same definition was given to
Muslim battles in India (Kashmir), Israel (Palestine) and Eritrea. By
defining armed battles as a "holy war" or Jihad, an obligation is placed
on the Muslim world to do everything in its power - economically,
politically and diplomatically - to aid the fight for freedom in
occupied Muslim territories". This gave legitimacy to terrorist acts
carried out by Allah's holy warriors. Referring to a Jihad, the
terrorist organization of Osama bin Laden announced terrorist attacks
against "infidel nations", namely Great Britain, United States, France,
Israel, Russia, India and Serbia.
The Bosnian Jihad Connection
In Bosnia-Herzegovina, the influence of the ruling Islamic party, Party
of Democratic Action (SDA), has brought out the recently born again
"true believers". Recognized by their long beards and short-legged
pants, large numbers of them participated in KLA terrorist activities in
Kosovo and Metohija. The transport of these Jihad warriors was conducted
under the patronage of the SDA which provided them with passports. Visas
were issued for a "haj," or pilgrimage, to Mecca. Dr. Nauman Balic, head
of the Kosovo SDA and now a minister in Hashim Thaci's government", was
responsible for their transit to Albania. The Bosnian Muslims were
provided with journalists' credentials and 2,000 DM for travel costs. It
is not known how many returned from Kosovo, but a number of these Jihad
warriors lost their lives in Chechnya.
The Sarajevo authorities were active in the training of terrorists. In
1993 Saudi Arabia provided $1 million to build a refugee camp for
Bosnian Muslims in Albania. One of the main political leaders of the
Muslim authorities in Sarajevo admitted to Misha Glenny that the base
was used to train saboteurs sent to Kosovo because their Serbian was
flawless.
Kosovo under NATO - A Virtual Narco-State (1)
The benefits of the drug trade are evident around Pristina -- more so
than the benefits of Western aid. "The new buildings, the better roads,
and the sophisticated weapons -- many of these have been bought with
drugs," says Michel Koutouzis, the Balkans region expert for the Global
Drugs Monitor (OGD), a Paris-based think tank. The repercussions of this
drug connection are only now emerging, and many Kosovo observers fear
that the province could be evolving into a virtual narco-state under the
noses of 49,000 peacekeeping troops.
It was the disparate structure of the KLA, Koutouzis says, that
Facilitated the drug-smuggling explosion. "It permitted a
democratization of drug trafficking where ordinary people get involved,
and everyone contributes a part of his profit to his clan leader in the
KLA," he explains. "The more illegal the activity, the more money the
clan gets from the traffickers. So it's in the interest of the clan to
promote drug trafficking".
According to Marko Nicovic, the former chief of police in Belgrade, now
an investigator who works closely with Interpol, the international
police agency, 400 to 500 Kosovo Albanians move shipments in the 20-kilo
range, while about 5,000 Kosovo Albanians are small-timers, handling
shipments of less than two kilos. At one point in 1996, he says, more
than 800 ethnic Albanians were in jail in Germany on narcotics charges.
In many places, Kosovo Albanians traffickers gained a foothold in the
Illicit drug trade through raw violence. According to a 1999 German
Federal Police report, "The ethnic Albanian gangs have been involved in
drugs, weapons trafficking blackmail, and murder. They are increasingly
prone to violence".
Tony White of the United Nations Drug Control Program agrees with this
assessment. "They are more willing to use violence than any other
group," he says. "They have confronted the established order throughout
Europe and pushed out the Lebanese, Pakistani, and Italian cartels".
Few gangs are willing to tangle with the Kosovo Albanians. Those that do
often pay the ultimate price. In January 1999, Kosovo Albanians killed
Nine people in Milan, Italy during a two-week bloodbath between rival
heroin groups.
Now free of the war and the Yugoslav police, drug traffickers have
Reopened the old Balkan Road. With the KLA in power -- and in the
spotlight - the top trafficking families have begun to seek relative
respectability without decreasing their heroin shipments. "The Kosovo
Albanians are trying to position themselves in the higher levels of
trafficking", says the U.N.'s Tony White. "They want to get away from
the violence of the streets and attract less attention. Criminals like
to move up like any other business, and the Kosovo Albanians are
becoming business leaders. They have become equal partners with the
Turks".
Italian national police discovered this new Kosovo Albanian outreach
last year when they undertook "Operation Pristina". The carabinieri
(Italian Police) uncovered a chain of connections that originated in
Kosovo and stretched through nine European countries, extending into
Central Asia, South America and the United States.
White House officials deny a whitewashing of KLA activities. "We do care
about (KLA drug trafficking)", says Agresti. "It's just that we've got
our hands full trying to bring peace there".
The DEA is equally reticent to address the issue. According to Michel
Koutouzis, the DEA's website once contained a section detailing Kosovo
Albanians trafficking, but a week before the US-led bombings began, the
section disappeared. "The DEA doesn't want to talk publicly (about the
KLA)", says OGD director Alain Labrousse. "It's embarrassing to them".
High-ranking US officials are dismayed that the KLA was installed in
power without public discussion or a thorough check of its background.
"I don't think we're doing anything there to stem the drugs", says a
senior State Department official. "It's out of control. It should be a
high priority. We've warned about it".
Even if it tried to stop the Kosovo Albanian heroin trade, the US would
be hard-pressed to do so. "Nobody's in control in Kosovo", adds the
State Department official. "They don't even have a police force".
Regardless of what it says, there's little indication that the
administration wants to do anything with the intelligence available
about its newest ally. "There is no doubt that the KLA is a major
trafficking organization", said a congressional expert who monitors the
drug trade and requested anonymity. "But we have a relationship with the
KLA, and the administration doesn't want to damage (its) reputation. We
are partners.
The attitude is: The drugs are not coming here, so let others deal with
it".
Conclusion
Indeed the biggest paradox in the world war on drugs is connected to the
Balkans and the outburst of terrorist activities in that troubled area.
What is the reason for this unusual co-relation between US policy in
Balkans, the most wanted terrorist in the world today, Osama bin y en,
and this enormous KLA drug trafficking.
As Michael Levine, a 25-year veteran of the DEA (US Drug Enforcement
Agency) stated: "They (the CIA) protected them the KLA) in every way
they could". McCoy, author of The Politics of Heroin, said the Afghan
Mujahideen rebels were one of the first US-backed rebel groups to get
into the heroin trade in a big way. The anti-Communist Mujahideen were
backed by the US in their opposition to the Soviet invasion of
Afghanistan in 1979. They started exporting massive amounts of opium to
raise money, with the knowledge and protection of the CIA and Pakistani
intelligence, according to McCoy. "That produced a massive traffic in
the '80s to Europe and the U.S.," he said.
Other recipients of US support were Nicaraguan Contras, Panama's General
Noriega, Afghan Taliban, Indonesia (remember massacres by their special
units in Timor), and Burma's Khun Sa. Another US-backed rebel army, the
Nicaraguan contras, raised money for their war against the leftist
Sandinista government in the 1980s by flooding U.S. cities with crack -
all with the knowledge and assistance of the CIA and the DEA, according
to the book Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras and the Crack Cocaine
Explosion, by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Gary Webb.
Webb's allegations were initially denied by the CIA, but a CIA
inspector-general's report in October 1998 revealed that 58 contras were
linked to drug allegations.
Early in 1999, as the war against Serbia raged, Congress voted to fund
the KLA's drive for independence. One tear later the US embrace of the
KLA may come as an embarrassment, but not a precedent.
Quo Vadis America?
1 - Material from "Mother Jones" Heroin Heroes, January/February 2000
used without permission, for academic and research purposes only.
The Centre for Peace in the Balkans
www.balkanpeace.org
---
SUI PIANI DI STANZIAMENTO PERMANENTE USA NELLA BASE DI CAMP BONDSTEEL
U.S. in Kosovo for the Long Haul
http://www.latimes.com/news/front/20000610/t000055108.html
Saturday, June 10, 2000
U.S. in Kosovo for the Long Haul
-
http;://www.serbia-info.com/news
"Le Figaro": American base was the aim of bombing of Yugoslavia
June 13, 2000
Paris, June 12th (Tanjug) - The official French government sticks to the
explanation they offered concerning their involvement in NATO aggression
on Yugoslavia, but they can no longer deceive neither their public nor
the media about the real cause of the criminal bombing of Yugoslavia. It
turned out that Paris and other Europeans "worked" for the benefit of
Washington interests, which is stressed in the latest edition of the
Paris weekly "Le Figaro".
"Allies of the United States start to wonder whether the formation of
American base in Kosmet was real purpose of the war" led, allegedly, on
behalf of the human rights of Kosmet Albanians, and which ended a year
ago. This is the statement by which the Paris weekly announced detailed
story about the American base "Bondsteel" in southern Kosovo.
"Le Figaro" published the information already known by Yugoslav public
and described "Bondsteel" as "large base" or even "military-industrial
complex" which resembled more "a town of 10 000 inhabitants than a
temporary camp provided by the UN Security Council Resolution 1244 a
year ago by which the bombing of Yugoslavia was ended".
The base, for which the weekly said "it was no secret, but was rather
discrete", spreads over the area of 300 hectares, where everything shows
that it was created "to stay for long".
In the base, the weekly said, there were 1600 lodgings, provided with
heating and air conditioners, 24 administration buildings "which were
already constructed and other which are under construction", "two
pharaoh dining rooms" open 24 hours, as well as the infrastructure
objects, including the projection room with 800 seats, football and
other sports fields.
"Everything proves that Americans came there to stay longer. They do not
even hide it, since the officers admit in cold blood that this base is
the most important one outside the US", "Le Figaro" says.
The Paris weekly stressed that the American base position in Kosmet was
"ideally chosen", since it is a "Muslim area where European sentiments
do not exist" and it is also the region where the conflict zones cross:
the Balkans, Mediterranean and the Middle East together with its oil.
"The Crusade for human rights of ethnic Albanians could, as its first
result i.e. its purpose, have (new) arrangement of Americans in the Old
continent", which is actually the creation of mighty "Bondsteel" base,
"Le Figaro" weekly concludes in this week's edition.
---
http://www.foreignaffairs.org/hedges.html/reader/reprints.html
Foreign Affairs May/Junel 1999 (volume 78, number 3)
Kosovo's Next Masters
By Chris Hedges
INSIDE THE KOSOVO LIBERATION ARMY
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
CAMPIONATI EUROPEI DI CALCIO:
IL DANESE SCHMEICHEL CHIEDE IL PASSAPORTO JUGOSLAVO
Subject: [STOPNATO] Danish Soccer Star Wants Yugoslav Passport
Date: Sun, 18 Jun 2000 08:59:10 -0500 (CDT)
From: (Rick Rozoff)
To: stopnato@...
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
BREAKING NEWS :
SCHMEICHEL WANTS YUGOSLAV PASSPORT FROM MILOSEVIC.
Rotterdam 16.6.2000
Danish football superstar Peter Boleslaw Schmeichel shocked the world at
today's press-conference after the match with Holland. Disturbed and
disappointed after another humiliating defeat of his team at EURO 2000,
he made a short statement for the press: "I am too ambitious and too
good goalkeeper to play in such a bad team as Denmark. I'm feed up
,therefore, tonight I officially applied at the embassy of The Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia, for Yugoslavian passport. Yugoslav football
team is excellent, and it is the only team I would like to play for. I
personally asked president Slobodan Milosevic it grant me Yugoslavian
National Passport, because I highly respect him and his achievements in
the last year War against Nato-agressors."
Schmeichel still didn't get any answer from Yugoslav officials, but
Yugoslav coach Boskov said that Schmeichel is not good enough to play in
the Yugoslav team.
---
E' PARTITO IL FINANZIAMENTO PER L'OLEODOTTO SUL CORRIDOIO OTTO
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 16, 2000
Balkan AMBO Pipeline to Start Raising Funds in July
SKOPJE - The Albanian, Macedonian and Bulgarian Oil
Corporation LLC (AMBO) of Pound Ridge, New York, said
on Thursday it would start raising funds in early July
for a $1.13bn pipeline to ship crude oil from the
Black and Caspian seas to the West.
“The feasibility study gives oil companies operating
in the Caspian region a commercially compelling
proposition to invest in the project. Almost all major
companies in the world can use the pipeline,” AMBO
Executive Vice-President Gligor Taskovic told Reuters
in the Macedonian capital Skopje.
The company’s president, Ted Fergusson, had said
earlier in Sofia AMBO aimed to start work in 2001.
“Project’s sanctions and funding should be established
by the end of this year,” said Fergusson, announcing
conclusions of the project’s updated feasibility
study. An earlier estimate had put the project at
about $850m.
The underground pipeline, 913 kilometres long, is
designed to carry 750,000 barrels a day, or 35m metric
tons per year, which will represent 40 percent of the
crude oil from newly-developed oilfields to enter the
Black Sea in the next five years or 30 percent of the
new oil over the next 10 years, Fergusson said.
It will pass from Burgas, on the Black Sea coast, to
Vlora, to ship Russian, Azerbaijani, Kazakh and
Turkmenian oil from around the Black Sea to the
markets of Western Europe and North America. It will
also bypass Turkey’s heavily travelled Bosphorus
Straits.
Big tankers with 300,000 tonnes of crude can anchor at
the port of Vlora, which makes the transit journey to
the United States economic, while the biggest tankers
passing the Bosphorus could carry 150,000 tonnes, AMBO
officials said. A holding structure with three
separate companies in Bulgaria, Macedonia and Albania
will build the pipeline. Each country can be an equity
holder in the investment.
AMBO has letters of acceptance from the governments of
Albania, Macedonia and Bulgaria for the underground
link.
Taskovic said companies including Texaco, Chevron,
Exxon Mobil, BP Amoco, Agip, Total, Elf, Fina, were
interested in the pipeline that will become
operational in 2005.
The project has also interested the US government and
European Commission, but the construction funding will
depend on whether foreign companies will find it
feasible to invest in such countries, where the
political risk is high.
The trans-Balkan pipeline is also part of the
Transport Corridor 8 plan. Corridor 8 will include a
highway, railway, oil pipeline and fibre-optic
telecommunications line as well as AMBO’s oil
pipeline.
“We will begin formal discussions with these companies
in two weeks,” Taskovic said, adding that it would
take time to raise the money needed for the project.
“This will take one or two years. We need to raise
$450m in equity funding. The rest of the money will be
loans from banks. We have talked to the EBRD, MIGA,
IFC, OPIC and EXIM. They are excited. Once we raise
the money, we will need three years for the
construction,” Taskovic said.
He was referring to the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development, the World Bank’s
insurance agency MIGA, its International Finance
Corporation, the US Overseas Prime Investment Corp,
and an export-import bank.
AMBO was confident that another planned pipeline
sending crude from Russia to Greece via Bulgaria would
not threaten its own project as the Caspian region was
expected to yield as much as 110 million tonnes of oil
a year from 2005, he said.
“So much oil will be flowing from the Caspian region
that there will be sufficient crude for all,” Taskovic
said. (Compiled from Reuters dispatch, archives)
---
RAPPORTI BILATERALI RFJ-CINA
----- Original Message -----
From: wolfgang mueller <karovier@...>
To: Wolfgang Mueller <Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.>
Sent: Tuesday, June 13, 2000 2:19 PM
Subject: MLL: Li Peng Delivers Speech in Belgrade
Li Peng, chairman of the Standing Committee of the
National People's Congress, said in Belgrade Monday
that peace cannot be forged out of bombings.
Referring to air strikes against Yugoslavia by a
US-led
NATO force last year, Li said the assault was a
violation of the intent of the United Nations Charter
and universally recognized norms governing
international relations. The air strikes seriously
threatened stability in Europe.
To read more, please look at:
http://web3.peopledaily.com.cn/english/200006/13/eng20000613_42856.html
-
http://www.peopledaily.net/english/200006/10/eng20000610_42658.html
People's Daily
Saturday, June 10, 2000, updated at 09:37(GMT+8)
China
China: It's Time for In-depth Reflection on Kosovo
China said Friday that it is time for in-depth
reflection on Kosovo, a Yugoslav province, where the
current situation is very critical as Serbs are
suffering from deportation and persecution.
The statement came as Shen Guofang, the deputy Chinese
permanent representative to the United Nations, took
the floor at an open U.N. Security Council meeting, at
which Bernard Kouchner, head of the U.N. Interim
Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), briefed the
15-nation body on the latest developments in the
Serbian province.
"We are of the view that it is time for in-depth
reflection," he said. "The Security Council has the
political responsibility and moral obligation to face
this reality, and it should seriously seek the
resolution to the serious problems faced by Kosovo,
otherwise the credibility of the United Nations will
continue to be impaired."
"First, the international presence should respect the
sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY)," he said."UNMIK should
respect the laws of FRY and seek cooperation with
FRY."
However, "some of the current administrative measures
adopted in Kosovo impair the sovereignty of FRY and it
has created a false impression that Kosovo is going to
independence."
Shen said that "any attempt to lead Kosovo to
independence is dangerous and illegal, it will deprive
the Balkan region of peace and the ultimate victim
will be the people of the Balkan region." "UNMIK can
not afford to make a slightest mistake on this very
important policy of issue," he said.
Secondly, "we are very concerned with the security of
Serbs and other minorities in Kosovo," he said.
"We firmly oppose any forms of ethnic cleansing," he
said. " The flagrant violations of basic human rights
in Kosovo, no matter when it take place and which
ethnic group it target, can not be accepted by the
international community."
"All human rights violations are crimes," he said.
"The crimes, be they big or small, can not be
tolerated."
"In the same way, it is irresponsible to use past
events as excuses to explain the way to the critical
situation," he said. " We are concerned at the ways
UNMIK and the international peacekeepers turn about
the situation."
Apart from that, he said, "What arises our particular
concern is that a large number of non-Kosovo Albanians
have entered Kosovo, and this will change the
demographic composition of Kosovo," which has a
multi-ethnic society since ancient times.
"There should a Kosovo where different ethnic groups
can have peaceful coexistence, and this should be the
target of UNMIK," he said.
"We are opposed to any attempt to create national
division and sabotage national unity," he said.
"Fundamentally, the solution to the Kosovo issue can
only be achieved within the framework of FRY through
substantial autonomy and good ethnic policy."
-
YUGOSLAVIA - CHINA
CHINESE PARLIAMENT PRESIDENT LI PENG IN BELGRADE
BELGRADE, June 11 (Tanjug) - President of the Permanent Committee of the
Pan-Chinese People's Congress Li Peng arrived on Sunday on a three-day
official and friendly visit to Yugoslavia, accompanied by his wife and
aides. "I am very pleased for the opportunity to visit Yugoslavia, given
the traditional friendship between our two countries," said Li Peng upon
arrival at Belgrade airport, adding that he was confident that his trip
will help further develop the friendship between China and Yugoslavia.
The
President of Chinese Parliament was welcomed by the Presidents of both
houses of Yugoslav Parliament - Milomir Minic and Srdja Bozovic. Li Peng
was greeted by Yugoslav Deputy Premier Nikola Sainovic, Yugoslav Foreign
Minister Zivadin Jovanovic, Serbian Parliament President Dragan Tomic,
Yugoslav Parliament Upper House Vice-President Gorica Gajevic, Yugoslav
Army General Staff Chief Gen. Nebojsa Pavkovic, Yugoslav Parliament
Foreign
Policy Committee chairman Ljubisa Ristic, Yugoslav Ambassador to China
Slobodan Unkovic, and the Ambassador of PR China in Belgrade Pan Zhanlin
with Chinese Embassy personnel. Li Peng, who will stay in Yugoslavia
till
June 13, will address Yugoslav Parliament deputies on Monday, and during
his visit will be received by top Yugoslav officials.
----- Original Message -----
From: Ning Mao <mao.ning@...>
To: MLL <marxist-leninist-list@...>
Sent: Friday, June 09, 2000 2:35 PM
Subject: MLL: [People's Daily] " Largest Sino-Yugoslav Joint Venture
Operational"
Largest Sino-Yugoslav Joint Venture Operational
The Hemofarm Pharmaceutical Co., the largest Sino-Yugoslav
joint venture in China, went into production Thursday in
this capital of east China's Shandong Province.
The 23-million U.S. dollars company with an annual
production capacity 30 million bottles will produce a dozen
varieties of transfusion medicine in plastic and glass
bottles at the initial stage.
The Yugoslav side covers 70 percent of the investment in
the joint venture equipped with state-of-the-art production
lines imported from Germany, Italy, Sweden and Finland.
It will turn out more varieties of medicine, such as
tablets, and Vitamin pills in the second-phase with an
investment of US$5.2 million.
More than 400 people attended the inauguration ceremony,
including Yugoslav ambassador to China Slobodan Unkovic and
Yugoslavian foreign trade minister Borislav Vukovic.
---
INTERVISTA ALLA TANJUG DEL MINISTRO DELLA DIFESA JUGOSLAVO
YUGOSLAV DEFENCE MINISTER OJDANIC GIVES INTERVIEW TO TANJUG
BELGRADE, June 7 (Tanjug) - Yugoslav Defence Minister Dragoljub Ojdanic
on Wednesday
visited the national news agency TANJUG and gave an interview to
Director
and Editor-in-Chief Dusan Djurdjevic. General Ojdanic stressed that
timely
and true information was more powerful than any weapon, because media
war
was no less important than armed conflict. "During last year's NATO
aggression on Yugoslavia, TANJUG played a very important part in
disseminating the truth and combatting the lies that the aggressors were
spreading about our people and state. "TANJUG has shown the
international
public the true causes and effects of developments in connection with
(the
Yugoslav republic of Serbia's province of) Kosovo-Metohija", Ojdanic
said.
"The military-political situation in the region has drastically
deteriorated since NATO's armed aggression on the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia in 1999. "The aggression is not stopping, but is continuing
by
other methods and weapons, with a view to attaining the interests of the
United States both in the Balkans and wider in the world. "Most states
see
a way out as lying in creating a multipolar world, with all its
weaknesses,
to replace the unipolar one," Ojdanic said, adding however that "nearly
all
Balkan countries have embraced the concept and strategy of the so-called
new world order." Stressing that Yugoslavia's security is still in great
jeopardy, he noted that NATO is waging three parallel wars on
Yugoslavia:
one, trying to detach Kosovo-Metohija from Serbia and to create a
Greater
Albania; next, trying to fragment the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
whose
organisation and size are an obstacle in the way of implementing a plan
for
a total subjugation of the Balkans and getting closer to the East; and,
third, waging war on "recalcitrant" Serbia which resists globalism and
global U.S. domination. He went on to speak about the non-implementation
of
U.N. Resolution 1244 on Kosovo-Metohija and the Kumanovo
Military-Technical
accord. He said the international force (KFor) and the U.N. civilian
mission (UNMIK) in Kosovo-Metohija had neither disarmed the ethnic
Albanian
Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) nor protected the local Serbian and other
non-Albanian populations. "As I see it, a way out of the crisis lies in
the
West reviving cooperation with Yugoslavia, in an appropriate number of
Yugoslav armed and security force troops returning to Kosovo-Metohija,
which necessitates a new accord that would deviate somewhat from the
Kumanovo Military-Technical accord", Ojdanic said. Speaking about
Yugoslavia's military-political experience gleaned during the NATO
aggression, he said that "we already know in a great measure how we
shall
defend ourselves in the future. "We shall formulate final answers and
solutions as we define a new defence doctrine and work out a civil
defence
doctrine", he said. He added that the conceptual phase of the army's
reorganisation had been completed and now a schedule was to be worked
out
and the programme implemented. "A new civil defence doctrine will
specifically define the place, role and job of each defence factor. Such
a
consistent defence system will open scope for reducing the size of the
army", he explained. He went on to say that more than 215 civil defence
centres had operated during the 11-week NATO aggression, and about
32,000
civil defence activists in Serbia alone, whose efforts saved 702 lives
and
who were instrumental in getting 408 people to hospital. The civil
defence
service carried out 626 interventions of clearing away debris and 539
fire-fighting operations, dislocated 1,713 tonnes of dangerous materials
and 56,768 tonnes of oil derivatives. In cooperation with the Yugoslav
army, the civil defence service organised 16 river ferries and
transported
2,145,000 people, and prepared and organised 1,171 bomb shelters for
more
than 200,000 people. Asked about the phenomenon of global terrorism,
Ojdanic said that the greatest terrorist activity was in Europe, 90
percent
of which had lately been in Yugoslavia. "America is spared terrorist
activity and has had no more than a dozen terrorist outrages since 1991,
while Europe has had thousands", Ojdanic said, noting that terrorism had
been imported into Yugoslavia. "The ethnic Albanian terrorist
organisation
had been active before, but never as active as in 1998 and 1999, or
today,
when in plain view of KFor, ethnic Albanian terrorists carry out
terrorist
operations against non-Albanians and often even against other ethnic
Albanians who hold different political opinions." He noted that murders
and
assassinations perpetrated over the past months throughout Yugoslavia
were
text-book terrorist acts instigated and organised by the U.S.
intelligence
service. "We shall have trouble eradicating terrorism, because its roots
are in other countries. But just as any other state, we also shall
combat
terrorism with all weapons at our disposal, on which a special law will
be
passed", he stressed. He went on to speak about the sub-regional arms
control treaty signed at Florence, Italy, by Yugoslavia, Croatia,
(Bosnian
Serb) Republika Srpska and the Bosnian Muslim-Croat Federation. He said
Yugoslavia had honoured the treaty and had submitted its arms for
inspection and destroyed what it had been instructed to destroy.
"Regrettably, inspection teams that visited our country were collecting
data about military and other targets to be used in NATO's aggression",
he
said. He added that Yugoslavia had responded to its suspension from
various
international activities by freezing all activities in arms control.
"When
they recognise our state and army the way accords explicitly define
them,
then only shall we unfreeze our activities", he said. Commenting on the
attention excited at the Hague-based war crimes tribunal for former
Yugoslavia by his recent visit to Russia, the defence minister said it
was
a crime not to defend one's nation, not the other way around. "As a
soldier, I am bound by all conventions stemming from international
humanitarian and war laws. During the aggression, as chief of staff, I
fought that these conventions be consistently implemented and honoured
at
all levels of command", he said. He noted that the Yugoslav army command
and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) had some months
before the aggression organised a seminar in this field at all levels of
command. At the outbreak of the NATO aggression, all army units had
received manuals with excerpts from the regulations, he explained. "In
light of this, I fear no charges and shall go freely wherever I am
invited", Ojdanic stressed, adding that he had already received
invitations
from other friendly countries.
---
ANCHE CIPRO OFF-LIMITS PER LA FINANZA JUGOSLAVA
ORA LA RFJ E' COMPLETAMENTE ISOLATA DAL PUNTO DI VISTA BANCARIO
Cyprus revokes Yugoslavian bank's licence-bankers
NICOSIA, June 7 (Reuters) - Cyprus's Central Bank has revoked the
licence of
Beogradska Banka, the largest Serbian commercial bank and one with close
ties
to the Yugoslavian government, senior bankers said on Wednesday.
``The licence was revoked and they (Beogradska) challenged the decision
to
revoke the licence...there will be a court hearing in 10 to 15 days,'' a
senior central bank source told Reuters.
The central bank source, who requested anonymity, declined to say why
the
licence had been revoked. Beogradska Banka officials were not
immediately
available for comment.
Greek Cypriot newspaper Alithia also reported Beogradska's licence had
been
revoked but gave no reason.
Beogradska has had a presence in Cyprus since 1988, operating as an
offshore
bank.
Earlier this year U.S. and European Union officials visited Cyprus for
consultations on sanctions against Yugoslavia.
Greek Cypriots traditionally have close ties with Serbs but Cyprus
authorities have followed the international community in imposing
sanctions
on Belgrade.
12:40 06-07-00
---
DUE GUARDIE DI FRONTIERA FERITE AL CONFINE KOSOVARO-MACEDONE
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 7, 2000
Two Macedonian Guards Wounded on Border with Kosovo
SKOPJE - Macedonia said two border guards were wounded
on Monday by a sniper firing from inside the
neighbouring Kosovo.
The incident happened at the Dolmo Blace border post
after a patrol spotted two people who had illegally
crossed some 50 metres (yards) into Macedonian
territory from Kosovo, a defence ministry statement
said.
It said the two had escaped back to Kosovo after being
warned and the Macedonian army sent another patrol of
four soldiers to set up an observation post.
“At 3:15 p.m. (1315 GMT) a sniper shot at the patrol
from the Kosovo side and two guards suffered arm and
leg injuries,” the statement said, adding their
condition was stable and that an investigation was
under way.
Monday’s incident was the second in two months on
Macedonia’s border with Kosovo.
In the previous incident, a group of Kosovo Albanians
kidnapped four Macedonian border guards. The
Macedonian authorities have demanded stricter KFOR
border controls.
The Macedonian Defence Ministry announced earlier this
year that the country’s borders are controlled by a
new border brigade and at the same time the military
readiness of the border brigade has been stepped up.
The number of border guards has been reduced in posts
on the border with Greece and Bulgaria, while their
numbers have been increased on Madedonia’s western
border with Albania and northern borders with Kosovo
and Yugoslavia, the ministry said.
---
RELAZIONI BILATERALI RFJ-VIETNAM
Communist Internet
Wednesday 7th May 2000 9.30pm gmt
Vietnam, Yugoslavia Develop Co-operation
Vietnamese Foreign Minister Nguyen Dy Nien said that Vietnam has
constantly
consolidated and developed comprehensive co-operation with Yugoslavia
and other
traditional friends.
This was affirmed during the talks between the Vietnamese foreign
minister and his
Yugoslavian counterpart, Zivadin Jovanovic, on June 5 at the Government
Guest House.
Mr Nien expressed his pleasure at new developments in the friendly and
co-operative
relations between the two countries. He also expressed strong support
for the
Yugoslavian
people's cause of protecting national independence, sovereignty and
territorial
integrity as
well as the restoration of Yugoslavia's legal position at the United
Nations and other
international organisations.
Mr Z Jovanovic said he highly appreciated the achievements recorded by
the Vietnamese
people in the implementation of the open-door policy and integration
into the regional
and
world communities. He thanked the Vietnamese government and people for
their support
to Yugoslavia's struggle against the North Atlantic Treaty
Organisation's (NATO)
aggression. The foreign minister affirmed that Yugoslavia treasures its
traditional
ties with
Vietnam and wished that the comprehensive co-operation between the two
countries
would be further boosted, particularly in trade and economy.
The two foreign ministers discussed regional and international issues of
mutual
concern,
the situation in both countries and agreed to strengthen co-operation in
all fields.
After the talks, the two ministers signed a visa-exemption agreement for
holders of
diplomatic and official passports and...
http://www.billkath.demon.co.uk/cw/vietnamy/vietnamy.html
-
YUGOSLAVIA - VIETNAM
YUGOSLAVIA AND VIETNAM HAVE TIES OF STRONG MUTUAL SUPPORT AND TRUST
HANOI, June 6 (Tanjug) - Vietnam has high respect for the
Yugoslav people's unflinching struggle against NATO's aggression and for
Yugoslavia's determination to accomplish economic reconstruction and
development, Vietnam's top official said on Tuesday. President Tran Duc
Luong was meeting in Hanoi with visiting Yugoslav Foreign Minister
Zivadin
Jovanovic. In reply to greetings from Yugoslav President Slobodan
Milosevic
conveyed by Jovanovic, Tran said he was sure Milosevic would stand firm
with his people and surmount all difficulties, defend the country and
rebuild NATO-wreaked devastation. The meeting rounded off Jovanovic's
successful contacts with ranking government and communist party
officials
in this influential Asian country, with a population of 82 million and
an
impressive annual economic growth rate of 7-8 percent over the past
decade.
Vietnam firmly supports Yugoslavia and its people, and demands a strict
and
full implementation of U.N. Resolution 1244, Tran said, adding that
Vietnam
insists that all bans and sanctions against Yugoslavia be lifted
immediately. He went on to say he was sure Jovanovic's visit would be
successful and would boost friendly bilateral relations and cooperation,
and accepted with pleasure Milosevic's invitation to visit Yugoslavia.
Jovanovic, in turn, stressed that President Milosevic, the Yugoslav
Government and people highly appreciate the solidarity and support of
Vietnam, especially at the time of last year's NATO aggression. He said
that Vietnam's support for and solidarity with Yugoslavia were all the
more
important for coming from a state and nation symbolic of the struggle
for
freedom and independence in the world. Yugoslavia highly appreciates
also
Vietnam's support for its reintegration in the United Nations, the
non-aligned movement and other international organisations. During the
meeting, strong support was given to a further strengthening of
bilateral
relations and expansion and diversification of cooperation, especially
in
the economy.
====================================================================
ANNIVERSARI MORTE (4 MAGGIO) E NASCITA (25 MAGGIO) DI TITO
Piu' di 10mila persone a Kumrovec
http://www.ce-review.org/00/19/pozun19.html
e http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/198?&start=188
====================================================================
REPUBBLICA SERBA DI BOSNIA
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
The West's colonial governor of Bosnia Wolfgang Petrisch (an Austrian,
and
head of the OHR) has decided to criticise the recent appointment made by
Bosnia's multi-ethnic presidency because this man happens to be
suggesting
that Bosnia can't rush headlong into privatization. It seems that the
only
thing that the Serbs, Croats and Muslims are united on is to protect the
countries industry from the voracious apetites of the neoliberal
financial
elite! [note that the previous man who held the post was from the
Socialist
Party (SPRS)!]
Top envoy blasts Bosnia authorities over new PM
By Nedim Dervisbegovic
SARAJEVO, June 7 (Reuters) - The West's top envoy in Bosnia on Wednesday
blasted the appointment of a little known Serb professor as the
country's
next prime minister.
Parliament approved Spasoje Tusevljak, reported to have been an
economics
adviser to indicted war criminal Radovan Karadzic, as rotating chairman
of
the Council of Ministers on Tuesday.
Western envoy Wolfgang Petritsch, who has sweeping powers to implement
Bosnia's peace process, slammed the move.
``I want to express my deep dissatisfaction about the process of
selecting
the most important executive in this country,'' he said after a meeting
with
the three-man presidency that proposed Tusevljak, 48, last month.
``A candidate was selected (who) is virtually unknown in this country,''
he
told reporters, adding that the whole process of selection was
unprofessional.
Tusevljak, without party membership, must return to parliament for a
vote on
the full cabinet of six ministries, one of which will be held by him. No
date
has been set.
The chair rotates among ministers every eight months.
Bosnia, made up of the Moslem-Croat federation and the Serb republic,
has
been without central government since February, when a Constitutional
Court
ruling forced it to dissolve.
The central institutions have only a limited role. The new Council of
Ministers will oversee policy areas including foreign affairs, trade,
human
rights and the state treasury.
The international community, which is sponsoring Bosnia's recovery from
the
1992-95 war with billions of dollars, sees stronger central government
as the
key to economic revival.
Tusevljak was a pre-war resident of Sarajevo but fled to the Serb
territory
and later to Belgrade after war broke out. He now lectures in economics
at
the university in the Serb part of Sarajevo.
Sarajevo media reported last month that he was an economic adviser early
in
the conflict to Bosnian Serb wartime leader Karadzic, who is now in
hiding.
Petritsch said he would keep the presidency and the parliament
accountable
for their decisions. He criticised Tusevljak for saying on Tuesday that
Bosnia should progress slowly, calling his remarks ``simply unacceptable
to
me.''
``We need to speed up the process of the implementation, not to slow it
down,'' he said.
A previous candidate to chair the central government, former Bosnian
Serb
Deputy Prime Minister Tihomir Gligoric, lost the support of the
presidency
after Western officials complained that his Socialist party was too
close to
Belgrade.
14:03 06-07-00
-
Bosnian parliament approves Serb PM, envoy unhappy
SARAJEVO, June 6 (Reuters) - Bosnia's parliament on Tuesday approved
Serb
Spasoje Tusevljak as the next rotating chairman of the restructured
central
government but the West's top envoy in the country said he was not the
right
man for the job.
Tusevljak, a relatively unknown economics professor without party
affiliation, passed the confidence motion in the 42-seat lower house
after 19
deputies voted for him, 11 voted against and two abstained. Ten were
absent.
He will return to the lower chamber for the vote on the full cabinet
which
has six ministries, one of which will be held by Tusevljak, but no date
has
been set yet. The chair rotates among ministers every eight months.
A spokeswoman for international High Representative Wolfgang Petritsch
said
after the vote that the envoy did not know ``what qualifies Mr Tusevljak
for
this position.''
``Neither the presidency nor the parliament have lived up to their
responsibility of providing Bosnia with a chair who meets criteria of
being
able to turn the Council of Ministers into an efficient common
institution,''
she said.
The international community sponsoring the Balkan country's peace
process
with billions of dollars sees the strengthening of the joint
institutions as
a cornerstone of future development.
Under the 1995 Dayton peace treaty, Bosnia is divided into a
highly-autonomous Moslem-Croat Federation and Serb Republic, each of
which
has its own military and police.
The all-Bosnian central institutions -- the parliament, the presidency
and
the government -- have a limited role.
The old Council of Ministers ceased to exist in February after the
country's
Constitutional Court ruled that it could not have two co-chairs and a
deputy.
It had three ministers.
The three-man inter-ethnic presidency nominated Tusevljak last month as
a
compromise solution, put forward by Serb member Zivko Radisic.
Previous Bosnian Serb candidate Tihomir Gligoric lost presidency support
after peace officials objected to his nomination, saying his Bosnian
Serb
Socialist Party was too close to the Yugoslav ruling party of President
Slobodan Milosevic.
13:35 06-06-00
==================================================================
MONTENEGRO
Tuesday, June 6 11:30 AM SGT
Montenegro president's brother accused of wounding militant
PODGORICA, Yugoslavia, June 6 (AFP) -
The brother of Montenegro's President Milo Djukanovic took part in an
attack
on a militant of the Montenegro Liberal Alliance (LSCG) who was
seriously
injured, an LSCG official told AFP.
The opposition party's number two, Miroslav Vickovic, said Aleksandar
Djukanovic and a friend Pajo Jabucanin attacked Zoran Kljajic late
Sunday
outside a hotel in the centre of Montenegro's capital Podgorica.
Kljajic was pistol-whipped, receiving a double skull fracture and
concussion, Vickovic said. He was hospitalized and operated on early
Monday,
the LSCG official said.
Friends of Kljajic tried to halt the aggression but the president's
brother
and his friend threatened them with pistols, Vickovic said, adding that
Montenegro's deputy interior minister, Vuk Boskovic, was present.
Vickovic called on Interior Minister Vukasin Maras to act according to
the
law.
President Djukanovic's brother is a businessman who is not involved in
politics.
The LSCG, which promotes independence for Montenegro, broke off a local
alliance with the president's "Live Better" coalition in Podgorica and
Herceg Novi, a town on the Adriatic coast.
The split and the LSCG's entry into opposition caused early municipal
elections to be called in the two towns. They are to be held Sunday.
-
Montenegro police prepare for conflict-Yugo army
BELGRADE, June 8 (Reuters) - The Yugoslav army on Thursday accused
Montenegro's police of setting the scene for conflict and said the
republic's
authorities had joined a Western campaign against Yugoslavia and its
armed
forces.
The accusations, in an army statement carried by the state news agency
Tanjug, coincided with tensions between the pro-Western coastal republic
and
Serb-dominated federation ahead of local elections in two Montenegro's
towns.
``The Montenegrin leadership, the authorities and police whole-heartedly
joined a Western psychological propaganda and media campaign aimed at
our
country and the Yugoslav army,'' the statement said on Thursday.
But, it added, the Montenegrins, ``aware of the historic moment and
responsibility for the future, will pull their strength together in
order to
recognise who is who in the Yugoslav reality.''
Montenegro's President Milo Djukanovic has been at odds with Yugoslav
President Slobodan Milosevic since 1997, pushing for democratic and
economic
reforms in Yugoslavia and threatening a referendum on independence if
Belgrade does not comply.
Djukanovic is facing early local polls in the capital Podgorica and in
the
costal town of Herceg-Novi after the Liberal Alliance party pulled out
of his
local coalitions in order to campaign on a pro-independence ticket.
Pro-Milosevic parties in Montenegro formed a coalition for the polls and
have
been campaigning vigorously, accusing Djukanovic of treason and of
trying to
secede from Serbia.
Last Friday, the Montenegrin Finance Minister said he saw no risk the
army
would try to overthrow his government that has edged away from the
federation
dominated by Milosevic, himself of Montenegrin origin.
``We are fully aware that top officers of the Yugoslav army are
completely
loyal to Mr Milosevic,'' Miroslav Ivanisevic told reporters in Brussels,
but
added he ``would say the Yugoslav army would not be used in Montenegro
for a
coup d'etat.''
The army has also denied it was doing anything else in Montenegro but
its
regular duties stipulated by the federal constitution and said it posed
no
threat to the republic.
But on Thursday, it listed a number of examples of what it called
``measures,
acts and preparations set to provoke incidents, conflicts and clashes
with
members of the army in order to cause the international community
condemnation and reactions.''
The statement said that Montenegrin police were arming and exercising a
reserve in the towns of Cetinje and Herceg-Novi, while in the towns of
Tivat,
Bar and Ulcinj the reserve was made up mostly of ethnic Croats and
Albanians.
``In addition, Montenegro's police have enormous forces in other
security
centres formed on the basis of political and national criteria,'' the
statement said.
15:56 06-08-00
-
http://www.antiwar.com/szamuely/sz061500.html
Antiwar.com
June 15, 2000
Bribing Montenegro –- It Didn't Work
-
GRANDE RACCOLTA DI LINK SUL MONTENEGRO:
http://www.usip.org/library/regions/montenegro.html
Updated: March 20 2000
United States Institute of Peace Library
Montenegro Web Links
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
IL DANESE SCHMEICHEL CHIEDE IL PASSAPORTO JUGOSLAVO
Subject: [STOPNATO] Danish Soccer Star Wants Yugoslav Passport
Date: Sun, 18 Jun 2000 08:59:10 -0500 (CDT)
From: (Rick Rozoff)
To: stopnato@...
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
BREAKING NEWS :
SCHMEICHEL WANTS YUGOSLAV PASSPORT FROM MILOSEVIC.
Rotterdam 16.6.2000
Danish football superstar Peter Boleslaw Schmeichel shocked the world at
today's press-conference after the match with Holland. Disturbed and
disappointed after another humiliating defeat of his team at EURO 2000,
he made a short statement for the press: "I am too ambitious and too
good goalkeeper to play in such a bad team as Denmark. I'm feed up
,therefore, tonight I officially applied at the embassy of The Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia, for Yugoslavian passport. Yugoslav football
team is excellent, and it is the only team I would like to play for. I
personally asked president Slobodan Milosevic it grant me Yugoslavian
National Passport, because I highly respect him and his achievements in
the last year War against Nato-agressors."
Schmeichel still didn't get any answer from Yugoslav officials, but
Yugoslav coach Boskov said that Schmeichel is not good enough to play in
the Yugoslav team.
---
E' PARTITO IL FINANZIAMENTO PER L'OLEODOTTO SUL CORRIDOIO OTTO
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 16, 2000
Balkan AMBO Pipeline to Start Raising Funds in July
SKOPJE - The Albanian, Macedonian and Bulgarian Oil
Corporation LLC (AMBO) of Pound Ridge, New York, said
on Thursday it would start raising funds in early July
for a $1.13bn pipeline to ship crude oil from the
Black and Caspian seas to the West.
“The feasibility study gives oil companies operating
in the Caspian region a commercially compelling
proposition to invest in the project. Almost all major
companies in the world can use the pipeline,” AMBO
Executive Vice-President Gligor Taskovic told Reuters
in the Macedonian capital Skopje.
The company’s president, Ted Fergusson, had said
earlier in Sofia AMBO aimed to start work in 2001.
“Project’s sanctions and funding should be established
by the end of this year,” said Fergusson, announcing
conclusions of the project’s updated feasibility
study. An earlier estimate had put the project at
about $850m.
The underground pipeline, 913 kilometres long, is
designed to carry 750,000 barrels a day, or 35m metric
tons per year, which will represent 40 percent of the
crude oil from newly-developed oilfields to enter the
Black Sea in the next five years or 30 percent of the
new oil over the next 10 years, Fergusson said.
It will pass from Burgas, on the Black Sea coast, to
Vlora, to ship Russian, Azerbaijani, Kazakh and
Turkmenian oil from around the Black Sea to the
markets of Western Europe and North America. It will
also bypass Turkey’s heavily travelled Bosphorus
Straits.
Big tankers with 300,000 tonnes of crude can anchor at
the port of Vlora, which makes the transit journey to
the United States economic, while the biggest tankers
passing the Bosphorus could carry 150,000 tonnes, AMBO
officials said. A holding structure with three
separate companies in Bulgaria, Macedonia and Albania
will build the pipeline. Each country can be an equity
holder in the investment.
AMBO has letters of acceptance from the governments of
Albania, Macedonia and Bulgaria for the underground
link.
Taskovic said companies including Texaco, Chevron,
Exxon Mobil, BP Amoco, Agip, Total, Elf, Fina, were
interested in the pipeline that will become
operational in 2005.
The project has also interested the US government and
European Commission, but the construction funding will
depend on whether foreign companies will find it
feasible to invest in such countries, where the
political risk is high.
The trans-Balkan pipeline is also part of the
Transport Corridor 8 plan. Corridor 8 will include a
highway, railway, oil pipeline and fibre-optic
telecommunications line as well as AMBO’s oil
pipeline.
“We will begin formal discussions with these companies
in two weeks,” Taskovic said, adding that it would
take time to raise the money needed for the project.
“This will take one or two years. We need to raise
$450m in equity funding. The rest of the money will be
loans from banks. We have talked to the EBRD, MIGA,
IFC, OPIC and EXIM. They are excited. Once we raise
the money, we will need three years for the
construction,” Taskovic said.
He was referring to the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development, the World Bank’s
insurance agency MIGA, its International Finance
Corporation, the US Overseas Prime Investment Corp,
and an export-import bank.
AMBO was confident that another planned pipeline
sending crude from Russia to Greece via Bulgaria would
not threaten its own project as the Caspian region was
expected to yield as much as 110 million tonnes of oil
a year from 2005, he said.
“So much oil will be flowing from the Caspian region
that there will be sufficient crude for all,” Taskovic
said. (Compiled from Reuters dispatch, archives)
---
RAPPORTI BILATERALI RFJ-CINA
----- Original Message -----
From: wolfgang mueller <karovier@...>
To: Wolfgang Mueller <Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.>
Sent: Tuesday, June 13, 2000 2:19 PM
Subject: MLL: Li Peng Delivers Speech in Belgrade
Li Peng, chairman of the Standing Committee of the
National People's Congress, said in Belgrade Monday
that peace cannot be forged out of bombings.
Referring to air strikes against Yugoslavia by a
US-led
NATO force last year, Li said the assault was a
violation of the intent of the United Nations Charter
and universally recognized norms governing
international relations. The air strikes seriously
threatened stability in Europe.
To read more, please look at:
http://web3.peopledaily.com.cn/english/200006/13/eng20000613_42856.html
-
http://www.peopledaily.net/english/200006/10/eng20000610_42658.html
People's Daily
Saturday, June 10, 2000, updated at 09:37(GMT+8)
China
China: It's Time for In-depth Reflection on Kosovo
China said Friday that it is time for in-depth
reflection on Kosovo, a Yugoslav province, where the
current situation is very critical as Serbs are
suffering from deportation and persecution.
The statement came as Shen Guofang, the deputy Chinese
permanent representative to the United Nations, took
the floor at an open U.N. Security Council meeting, at
which Bernard Kouchner, head of the U.N. Interim
Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), briefed the
15-nation body on the latest developments in the
Serbian province.
"We are of the view that it is time for in-depth
reflection," he said. "The Security Council has the
political responsibility and moral obligation to face
this reality, and it should seriously seek the
resolution to the serious problems faced by Kosovo,
otherwise the credibility of the United Nations will
continue to be impaired."
"First, the international presence should respect the
sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY)," he said."UNMIK should
respect the laws of FRY and seek cooperation with
FRY."
However, "some of the current administrative measures
adopted in Kosovo impair the sovereignty of FRY and it
has created a false impression that Kosovo is going to
independence."
Shen said that "any attempt to lead Kosovo to
independence is dangerous and illegal, it will deprive
the Balkan region of peace and the ultimate victim
will be the people of the Balkan region." "UNMIK can
not afford to make a slightest mistake on this very
important policy of issue," he said.
Secondly, "we are very concerned with the security of
Serbs and other minorities in Kosovo," he said.
"We firmly oppose any forms of ethnic cleansing," he
said. " The flagrant violations of basic human rights
in Kosovo, no matter when it take place and which
ethnic group it target, can not be accepted by the
international community."
"All human rights violations are crimes," he said.
"The crimes, be they big or small, can not be
tolerated."
"In the same way, it is irresponsible to use past
events as excuses to explain the way to the critical
situation," he said. " We are concerned at the ways
UNMIK and the international peacekeepers turn about
the situation."
Apart from that, he said, "What arises our particular
concern is that a large number of non-Kosovo Albanians
have entered Kosovo, and this will change the
demographic composition of Kosovo," which has a
multi-ethnic society since ancient times.
"There should a Kosovo where different ethnic groups
can have peaceful coexistence, and this should be the
target of UNMIK," he said.
"We are opposed to any attempt to create national
division and sabotage national unity," he said.
"Fundamentally, the solution to the Kosovo issue can
only be achieved within the framework of FRY through
substantial autonomy and good ethnic policy."
-
YUGOSLAVIA - CHINA
CHINESE PARLIAMENT PRESIDENT LI PENG IN BELGRADE
BELGRADE, June 11 (Tanjug) - President of the Permanent Committee of the
Pan-Chinese People's Congress Li Peng arrived on Sunday on a three-day
official and friendly visit to Yugoslavia, accompanied by his wife and
aides. "I am very pleased for the opportunity to visit Yugoslavia, given
the traditional friendship between our two countries," said Li Peng upon
arrival at Belgrade airport, adding that he was confident that his trip
will help further develop the friendship between China and Yugoslavia.
The
President of Chinese Parliament was welcomed by the Presidents of both
houses of Yugoslav Parliament - Milomir Minic and Srdja Bozovic. Li Peng
was greeted by Yugoslav Deputy Premier Nikola Sainovic, Yugoslav Foreign
Minister Zivadin Jovanovic, Serbian Parliament President Dragan Tomic,
Yugoslav Parliament Upper House Vice-President Gorica Gajevic, Yugoslav
Army General Staff Chief Gen. Nebojsa Pavkovic, Yugoslav Parliament
Foreign
Policy Committee chairman Ljubisa Ristic, Yugoslav Ambassador to China
Slobodan Unkovic, and the Ambassador of PR China in Belgrade Pan Zhanlin
with Chinese Embassy personnel. Li Peng, who will stay in Yugoslavia
till
June 13, will address Yugoslav Parliament deputies on Monday, and during
his visit will be received by top Yugoslav officials.
----- Original Message -----
From: Ning Mao <mao.ning@...>
To: MLL <marxist-leninist-list@...>
Sent: Friday, June 09, 2000 2:35 PM
Subject: MLL: [People's Daily] " Largest Sino-Yugoslav Joint Venture
Operational"
Largest Sino-Yugoslav Joint Venture Operational
The Hemofarm Pharmaceutical Co., the largest Sino-Yugoslav
joint venture in China, went into production Thursday in
this capital of east China's Shandong Province.
The 23-million U.S. dollars company with an annual
production capacity 30 million bottles will produce a dozen
varieties of transfusion medicine in plastic and glass
bottles at the initial stage.
The Yugoslav side covers 70 percent of the investment in
the joint venture equipped with state-of-the-art production
lines imported from Germany, Italy, Sweden and Finland.
It will turn out more varieties of medicine, such as
tablets, and Vitamin pills in the second-phase with an
investment of US$5.2 million.
More than 400 people attended the inauguration ceremony,
including Yugoslav ambassador to China Slobodan Unkovic and
Yugoslavian foreign trade minister Borislav Vukovic.
---
INTERVISTA ALLA TANJUG DEL MINISTRO DELLA DIFESA JUGOSLAVO
YUGOSLAV DEFENCE MINISTER OJDANIC GIVES INTERVIEW TO TANJUG
BELGRADE, June 7 (Tanjug) - Yugoslav Defence Minister Dragoljub Ojdanic
on Wednesday
visited the national news agency TANJUG and gave an interview to
Director
and Editor-in-Chief Dusan Djurdjevic. General Ojdanic stressed that
timely
and true information was more powerful than any weapon, because media
war
was no less important than armed conflict. "During last year's NATO
aggression on Yugoslavia, TANJUG played a very important part in
disseminating the truth and combatting the lies that the aggressors were
spreading about our people and state. "TANJUG has shown the
international
public the true causes and effects of developments in connection with
(the
Yugoslav republic of Serbia's province of) Kosovo-Metohija", Ojdanic
said.
"The military-political situation in the region has drastically
deteriorated since NATO's armed aggression on the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia in 1999. "The aggression is not stopping, but is continuing
by
other methods and weapons, with a view to attaining the interests of the
United States both in the Balkans and wider in the world. "Most states
see
a way out as lying in creating a multipolar world, with all its
weaknesses,
to replace the unipolar one," Ojdanic said, adding however that "nearly
all
Balkan countries have embraced the concept and strategy of the so-called
new world order." Stressing that Yugoslavia's security is still in great
jeopardy, he noted that NATO is waging three parallel wars on
Yugoslavia:
one, trying to detach Kosovo-Metohija from Serbia and to create a
Greater
Albania; next, trying to fragment the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
whose
organisation and size are an obstacle in the way of implementing a plan
for
a total subjugation of the Balkans and getting closer to the East; and,
third, waging war on "recalcitrant" Serbia which resists globalism and
global U.S. domination. He went on to speak about the non-implementation
of
U.N. Resolution 1244 on Kosovo-Metohija and the Kumanovo
Military-Technical
accord. He said the international force (KFor) and the U.N. civilian
mission (UNMIK) in Kosovo-Metohija had neither disarmed the ethnic
Albanian
Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) nor protected the local Serbian and other
non-Albanian populations. "As I see it, a way out of the crisis lies in
the
West reviving cooperation with Yugoslavia, in an appropriate number of
Yugoslav armed and security force troops returning to Kosovo-Metohija,
which necessitates a new accord that would deviate somewhat from the
Kumanovo Military-Technical accord", Ojdanic said. Speaking about
Yugoslavia's military-political experience gleaned during the NATO
aggression, he said that "we already know in a great measure how we
shall
defend ourselves in the future. "We shall formulate final answers and
solutions as we define a new defence doctrine and work out a civil
defence
doctrine", he said. He added that the conceptual phase of the army's
reorganisation had been completed and now a schedule was to be worked
out
and the programme implemented. "A new civil defence doctrine will
specifically define the place, role and job of each defence factor. Such
a
consistent defence system will open scope for reducing the size of the
army", he explained. He went on to say that more than 215 civil defence
centres had operated during the 11-week NATO aggression, and about
32,000
civil defence activists in Serbia alone, whose efforts saved 702 lives
and
who were instrumental in getting 408 people to hospital. The civil
defence
service carried out 626 interventions of clearing away debris and 539
fire-fighting operations, dislocated 1,713 tonnes of dangerous materials
and 56,768 tonnes of oil derivatives. In cooperation with the Yugoslav
army, the civil defence service organised 16 river ferries and
transported
2,145,000 people, and prepared and organised 1,171 bomb shelters for
more
than 200,000 people. Asked about the phenomenon of global terrorism,
Ojdanic said that the greatest terrorist activity was in Europe, 90
percent
of which had lately been in Yugoslavia. "America is spared terrorist
activity and has had no more than a dozen terrorist outrages since 1991,
while Europe has had thousands", Ojdanic said, noting that terrorism had
been imported into Yugoslavia. "The ethnic Albanian terrorist
organisation
had been active before, but never as active as in 1998 and 1999, or
today,
when in plain view of KFor, ethnic Albanian terrorists carry out
terrorist
operations against non-Albanians and often even against other ethnic
Albanians who hold different political opinions." He noted that murders
and
assassinations perpetrated over the past months throughout Yugoslavia
were
text-book terrorist acts instigated and organised by the U.S.
intelligence
service. "We shall have trouble eradicating terrorism, because its roots
are in other countries. But just as any other state, we also shall
combat
terrorism with all weapons at our disposal, on which a special law will
be
passed", he stressed. He went on to speak about the sub-regional arms
control treaty signed at Florence, Italy, by Yugoslavia, Croatia,
(Bosnian
Serb) Republika Srpska and the Bosnian Muslim-Croat Federation. He said
Yugoslavia had honoured the treaty and had submitted its arms for
inspection and destroyed what it had been instructed to destroy.
"Regrettably, inspection teams that visited our country were collecting
data about military and other targets to be used in NATO's aggression",
he
said. He added that Yugoslavia had responded to its suspension from
various
international activities by freezing all activities in arms control.
"When
they recognise our state and army the way accords explicitly define
them,
then only shall we unfreeze our activities", he said. Commenting on the
attention excited at the Hague-based war crimes tribunal for former
Yugoslavia by his recent visit to Russia, the defence minister said it
was
a crime not to defend one's nation, not the other way around. "As a
soldier, I am bound by all conventions stemming from international
humanitarian and war laws. During the aggression, as chief of staff, I
fought that these conventions be consistently implemented and honoured
at
all levels of command", he said. He noted that the Yugoslav army command
and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) had some months
before the aggression organised a seminar in this field at all levels of
command. At the outbreak of the NATO aggression, all army units had
received manuals with excerpts from the regulations, he explained. "In
light of this, I fear no charges and shall go freely wherever I am
invited", Ojdanic stressed, adding that he had already received
invitations
from other friendly countries.
---
ANCHE CIPRO OFF-LIMITS PER LA FINANZA JUGOSLAVA
ORA LA RFJ E' COMPLETAMENTE ISOLATA DAL PUNTO DI VISTA BANCARIO
Cyprus revokes Yugoslavian bank's licence-bankers
NICOSIA, June 7 (Reuters) - Cyprus's Central Bank has revoked the
licence of
Beogradska Banka, the largest Serbian commercial bank and one with close
ties
to the Yugoslavian government, senior bankers said on Wednesday.
``The licence was revoked and they (Beogradska) challenged the decision
to
revoke the licence...there will be a court hearing in 10 to 15 days,'' a
senior central bank source told Reuters.
The central bank source, who requested anonymity, declined to say why
the
licence had been revoked. Beogradska Banka officials were not
immediately
available for comment.
Greek Cypriot newspaper Alithia also reported Beogradska's licence had
been
revoked but gave no reason.
Beogradska has had a presence in Cyprus since 1988, operating as an
offshore
bank.
Earlier this year U.S. and European Union officials visited Cyprus for
consultations on sanctions against Yugoslavia.
Greek Cypriots traditionally have close ties with Serbs but Cyprus
authorities have followed the international community in imposing
sanctions
on Belgrade.
12:40 06-07-00
---
DUE GUARDIE DI FRONTIERA FERITE AL CONFINE KOSOVARO-MACEDONE
http://www.albaniannews.com
Albanian Daily News
June 7, 2000
Two Macedonian Guards Wounded on Border with Kosovo
SKOPJE - Macedonia said two border guards were wounded
on Monday by a sniper firing from inside the
neighbouring Kosovo.
The incident happened at the Dolmo Blace border post
after a patrol spotted two people who had illegally
crossed some 50 metres (yards) into Macedonian
territory from Kosovo, a defence ministry statement
said.
It said the two had escaped back to Kosovo after being
warned and the Macedonian army sent another patrol of
four soldiers to set up an observation post.
“At 3:15 p.m. (1315 GMT) a sniper shot at the patrol
from the Kosovo side and two guards suffered arm and
leg injuries,” the statement said, adding their
condition was stable and that an investigation was
under way.
Monday’s incident was the second in two months on
Macedonia’s border with Kosovo.
In the previous incident, a group of Kosovo Albanians
kidnapped four Macedonian border guards. The
Macedonian authorities have demanded stricter KFOR
border controls.
The Macedonian Defence Ministry announced earlier this
year that the country’s borders are controlled by a
new border brigade and at the same time the military
readiness of the border brigade has been stepped up.
The number of border guards has been reduced in posts
on the border with Greece and Bulgaria, while their
numbers have been increased on Madedonia’s western
border with Albania and northern borders with Kosovo
and Yugoslavia, the ministry said.
---
RELAZIONI BILATERALI RFJ-VIETNAM
Communist Internet
Wednesday 7th May 2000 9.30pm gmt
Vietnam, Yugoslavia Develop Co-operation
Vietnamese Foreign Minister Nguyen Dy Nien said that Vietnam has
constantly
consolidated and developed comprehensive co-operation with Yugoslavia
and other
traditional friends.
This was affirmed during the talks between the Vietnamese foreign
minister and his
Yugoslavian counterpart, Zivadin Jovanovic, on June 5 at the Government
Guest House.
Mr Nien expressed his pleasure at new developments in the friendly and
co-operative
relations between the two countries. He also expressed strong support
for the
Yugoslavian
people's cause of protecting national independence, sovereignty and
territorial
integrity as
well as the restoration of Yugoslavia's legal position at the United
Nations and other
international organisations.
Mr Z Jovanovic said he highly appreciated the achievements recorded by
the Vietnamese
people in the implementation of the open-door policy and integration
into the regional
and
world communities. He thanked the Vietnamese government and people for
their support
to Yugoslavia's struggle against the North Atlantic Treaty
Organisation's (NATO)
aggression. The foreign minister affirmed that Yugoslavia treasures its
traditional
ties with
Vietnam and wished that the comprehensive co-operation between the two
countries
would be further boosted, particularly in trade and economy.
The two foreign ministers discussed regional and international issues of
mutual
concern,
the situation in both countries and agreed to strengthen co-operation in
all fields.
After the talks, the two ministers signed a visa-exemption agreement for
holders of
diplomatic and official passports and...
http://www.billkath.demon.co.uk/cw/vietnamy/vietnamy.html
-
YUGOSLAVIA - VIETNAM
YUGOSLAVIA AND VIETNAM HAVE TIES OF STRONG MUTUAL SUPPORT AND TRUST
HANOI, June 6 (Tanjug) - Vietnam has high respect for the
Yugoslav people's unflinching struggle against NATO's aggression and for
Yugoslavia's determination to accomplish economic reconstruction and
development, Vietnam's top official said on Tuesday. President Tran Duc
Luong was meeting in Hanoi with visiting Yugoslav Foreign Minister
Zivadin
Jovanovic. In reply to greetings from Yugoslav President Slobodan
Milosevic
conveyed by Jovanovic, Tran said he was sure Milosevic would stand firm
with his people and surmount all difficulties, defend the country and
rebuild NATO-wreaked devastation. The meeting rounded off Jovanovic's
successful contacts with ranking government and communist party
officials
in this influential Asian country, with a population of 82 million and
an
impressive annual economic growth rate of 7-8 percent over the past
decade.
Vietnam firmly supports Yugoslavia and its people, and demands a strict
and
full implementation of U.N. Resolution 1244, Tran said, adding that
Vietnam
insists that all bans and sanctions against Yugoslavia be lifted
immediately. He went on to say he was sure Jovanovic's visit would be
successful and would boost friendly bilateral relations and cooperation,
and accepted with pleasure Milosevic's invitation to visit Yugoslavia.
Jovanovic, in turn, stressed that President Milosevic, the Yugoslav
Government and people highly appreciate the solidarity and support of
Vietnam, especially at the time of last year's NATO aggression. He said
that Vietnam's support for and solidarity with Yugoslavia were all the
more
important for coming from a state and nation symbolic of the struggle
for
freedom and independence in the world. Yugoslavia highly appreciates
also
Vietnam's support for its reintegration in the United Nations, the
non-aligned movement and other international organisations. During the
meeting, strong support was given to a further strengthening of
bilateral
relations and expansion and diversification of cooperation, especially
in
the economy.
====================================================================
ANNIVERSARI MORTE (4 MAGGIO) E NASCITA (25 MAGGIO) DI TITO
Piu' di 10mila persone a Kumrovec
http://www.ce-review.org/00/19/pozun19.html
e http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/198?&start=188
====================================================================
REPUBBLICA SERBA DI BOSNIA
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
The West's colonial governor of Bosnia Wolfgang Petrisch (an Austrian,
and
head of the OHR) has decided to criticise the recent appointment made by
Bosnia's multi-ethnic presidency because this man happens to be
suggesting
that Bosnia can't rush headlong into privatization. It seems that the
only
thing that the Serbs, Croats and Muslims are united on is to protect the
countries industry from the voracious apetites of the neoliberal
financial
elite! [note that the previous man who held the post was from the
Socialist
Party (SPRS)!]
Top envoy blasts Bosnia authorities over new PM
By Nedim Dervisbegovic
SARAJEVO, June 7 (Reuters) - The West's top envoy in Bosnia on Wednesday
blasted the appointment of a little known Serb professor as the
country's
next prime minister.
Parliament approved Spasoje Tusevljak, reported to have been an
economics
adviser to indicted war criminal Radovan Karadzic, as rotating chairman
of
the Council of Ministers on Tuesday.
Western envoy Wolfgang Petritsch, who has sweeping powers to implement
Bosnia's peace process, slammed the move.
``I want to express my deep dissatisfaction about the process of
selecting
the most important executive in this country,'' he said after a meeting
with
the three-man presidency that proposed Tusevljak, 48, last month.
``A candidate was selected (who) is virtually unknown in this country,''
he
told reporters, adding that the whole process of selection was
unprofessional.
Tusevljak, without party membership, must return to parliament for a
vote on
the full cabinet of six ministries, one of which will be held by him. No
date
has been set.
The chair rotates among ministers every eight months.
Bosnia, made up of the Moslem-Croat federation and the Serb republic,
has
been without central government since February, when a Constitutional
Court
ruling forced it to dissolve.
The central institutions have only a limited role. The new Council of
Ministers will oversee policy areas including foreign affairs, trade,
human
rights and the state treasury.
The international community, which is sponsoring Bosnia's recovery from
the
1992-95 war with billions of dollars, sees stronger central government
as the
key to economic revival.
Tusevljak was a pre-war resident of Sarajevo but fled to the Serb
territory
and later to Belgrade after war broke out. He now lectures in economics
at
the university in the Serb part of Sarajevo.
Sarajevo media reported last month that he was an economic adviser early
in
the conflict to Bosnian Serb wartime leader Karadzic, who is now in
hiding.
Petritsch said he would keep the presidency and the parliament
accountable
for their decisions. He criticised Tusevljak for saying on Tuesday that
Bosnia should progress slowly, calling his remarks ``simply unacceptable
to
me.''
``We need to speed up the process of the implementation, not to slow it
down,'' he said.
A previous candidate to chair the central government, former Bosnian
Serb
Deputy Prime Minister Tihomir Gligoric, lost the support of the
presidency
after Western officials complained that his Socialist party was too
close to
Belgrade.
14:03 06-07-00
-
Bosnian parliament approves Serb PM, envoy unhappy
SARAJEVO, June 6 (Reuters) - Bosnia's parliament on Tuesday approved
Serb
Spasoje Tusevljak as the next rotating chairman of the restructured
central
government but the West's top envoy in the country said he was not the
right
man for the job.
Tusevljak, a relatively unknown economics professor without party
affiliation, passed the confidence motion in the 42-seat lower house
after 19
deputies voted for him, 11 voted against and two abstained. Ten were
absent.
He will return to the lower chamber for the vote on the full cabinet
which
has six ministries, one of which will be held by Tusevljak, but no date
has
been set yet. The chair rotates among ministers every eight months.
A spokeswoman for international High Representative Wolfgang Petritsch
said
after the vote that the envoy did not know ``what qualifies Mr Tusevljak
for
this position.''
``Neither the presidency nor the parliament have lived up to their
responsibility of providing Bosnia with a chair who meets criteria of
being
able to turn the Council of Ministers into an efficient common
institution,''
she said.
The international community sponsoring the Balkan country's peace
process
with billions of dollars sees the strengthening of the joint
institutions as
a cornerstone of future development.
Under the 1995 Dayton peace treaty, Bosnia is divided into a
highly-autonomous Moslem-Croat Federation and Serb Republic, each of
which
has its own military and police.
The all-Bosnian central institutions -- the parliament, the presidency
and
the government -- have a limited role.
The old Council of Ministers ceased to exist in February after the
country's
Constitutional Court ruled that it could not have two co-chairs and a
deputy.
It had three ministers.
The three-man inter-ethnic presidency nominated Tusevljak last month as
a
compromise solution, put forward by Serb member Zivko Radisic.
Previous Bosnian Serb candidate Tihomir Gligoric lost presidency support
after peace officials objected to his nomination, saying his Bosnian
Serb
Socialist Party was too close to the Yugoslav ruling party of President
Slobodan Milosevic.
13:35 06-06-00
==================================================================
MONTENEGRO
Tuesday, June 6 11:30 AM SGT
Montenegro president's brother accused of wounding militant
PODGORICA, Yugoslavia, June 6 (AFP) -
The brother of Montenegro's President Milo Djukanovic took part in an
attack
on a militant of the Montenegro Liberal Alliance (LSCG) who was
seriously
injured, an LSCG official told AFP.
The opposition party's number two, Miroslav Vickovic, said Aleksandar
Djukanovic and a friend Pajo Jabucanin attacked Zoran Kljajic late
Sunday
outside a hotel in the centre of Montenegro's capital Podgorica.
Kljajic was pistol-whipped, receiving a double skull fracture and
concussion, Vickovic said. He was hospitalized and operated on early
Monday,
the LSCG official said.
Friends of Kljajic tried to halt the aggression but the president's
brother
and his friend threatened them with pistols, Vickovic said, adding that
Montenegro's deputy interior minister, Vuk Boskovic, was present.
Vickovic called on Interior Minister Vukasin Maras to act according to
the
law.
President Djukanovic's brother is a businessman who is not involved in
politics.
The LSCG, which promotes independence for Montenegro, broke off a local
alliance with the president's "Live Better" coalition in Podgorica and
Herceg Novi, a town on the Adriatic coast.
The split and the LSCG's entry into opposition caused early municipal
elections to be called in the two towns. They are to be held Sunday.
-
Montenegro police prepare for conflict-Yugo army
BELGRADE, June 8 (Reuters) - The Yugoslav army on Thursday accused
Montenegro's police of setting the scene for conflict and said the
republic's
authorities had joined a Western campaign against Yugoslavia and its
armed
forces.
The accusations, in an army statement carried by the state news agency
Tanjug, coincided with tensions between the pro-Western coastal republic
and
Serb-dominated federation ahead of local elections in two Montenegro's
towns.
``The Montenegrin leadership, the authorities and police whole-heartedly
joined a Western psychological propaganda and media campaign aimed at
our
country and the Yugoslav army,'' the statement said on Thursday.
But, it added, the Montenegrins, ``aware of the historic moment and
responsibility for the future, will pull their strength together in
order to
recognise who is who in the Yugoslav reality.''
Montenegro's President Milo Djukanovic has been at odds with Yugoslav
President Slobodan Milosevic since 1997, pushing for democratic and
economic
reforms in Yugoslavia and threatening a referendum on independence if
Belgrade does not comply.
Djukanovic is facing early local polls in the capital Podgorica and in
the
costal town of Herceg-Novi after the Liberal Alliance party pulled out
of his
local coalitions in order to campaign on a pro-independence ticket.
Pro-Milosevic parties in Montenegro formed a coalition for the polls and
have
been campaigning vigorously, accusing Djukanovic of treason and of
trying to
secede from Serbia.
Last Friday, the Montenegrin Finance Minister said he saw no risk the
army
would try to overthrow his government that has edged away from the
federation
dominated by Milosevic, himself of Montenegrin origin.
``We are fully aware that top officers of the Yugoslav army are
completely
loyal to Mr Milosevic,'' Miroslav Ivanisevic told reporters in Brussels,
but
added he ``would say the Yugoslav army would not be used in Montenegro
for a
coup d'etat.''
The army has also denied it was doing anything else in Montenegro but
its
regular duties stipulated by the federal constitution and said it posed
no
threat to the republic.
But on Thursday, it listed a number of examples of what it called
``measures,
acts and preparations set to provoke incidents, conflicts and clashes
with
members of the army in order to cause the international community
condemnation and reactions.''
The statement said that Montenegrin police were arming and exercising a
reserve in the towns of Cetinje and Herceg-Novi, while in the towns of
Tivat,
Bar and Ulcinj the reserve was made up mostly of ethnic Croats and
Albanians.
``In addition, Montenegro's police have enormous forces in other
security
centres formed on the basis of political and national criteria,'' the
statement said.
15:56 06-08-00
-
http://www.antiwar.com/szamuely/sz061500.html
Antiwar.com
June 15, 2000
Bribing Montenegro –- It Didn't Work
-
GRANDE RACCOLTA DI LINK SUL MONTENEGRO:
http://www.usip.org/library/regions/montenegro.html
Updated: March 20 2000
United States Institute of Peace Library
Montenegro Web Links
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* Iniziative a TRIESTE
* INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
---
Associazione "Internazionalismo e SolidarietÈ"
Trieste
JUGOSLAVIA 2000:
AIUTIAMO IL "POPOLO INVISIBILE"
Anche l'embargo uccide, come le bombe, come l'uranio
Come l'indifferenza
Un anno fa cessavano i bombardamenti degli aerei della NATO sulla
Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia lasciando un Paese devastato: case,
scuole, ospedali, fabbriche, ponti, strade distrutti in nome di una
"ingerenza umanitaria" che in realtÈ era la volontÈ dell'imperialismo
americano di sottomettere un Paese e un popolo che, nel cuore
dell'Europa non vuole sottostare ai diktat dei paesi occidentali. I
bombardamenti
effettuati sulla fabbrica di automobili Zastava di Kragujevac e sul polo
industriale di Panc evo, con la contemporanea distruzione del
petrolchimico, della fabbrica di fertilizzanti e della raffineria, sono
forse i fatti piË emblematici perchÉ dimostrano senza ombra di dubbio
che
si voleva distruggere le fonti del lavoro e determinare le condizio ni
del
piË pesante carico di distruzioni ambientali che si potesse realizzare:
acqua, aria, terra avvelenati (e non solo su quel martoriato Paese!) da
una guerra che ha avuto tutti i connotati di un attacco
chimico-nucleare.
Ed É risibile e scandaloso come il Tribunale speciale dell'Aja abbia
deciso di archiviare il caso dei crimi-ni commessi dalla NATO. Ad
esempio
per quanto riguarda Pancevo si sostiene che "non risulta che la Nato
fosse
a conoscenza dei possibili danni ambi entali conseguenti ad un attacco
aereo." £ ovvio: cosa volete che ci fosse in una raffineria? Nulla di
tossico! Certamente profumi! Tutto questo a riprova della sudditanza di
istituzioni pseudo-neutrali a chi vuole essere il padrone e il gendarme
del mon do. E come se non fossero bastate le bombe la "civile" comunitÈ
dei Paesi aggressori ha deciso di mantenere e rafforzare l'embargo
contro
la Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia, in atto giÈ da molti anni, e
che
ri-guarda tutta una serie di servizi, beni e tecno logie, a cominciare
dai
presidi sanitari piË semplici, siringhe ed aspirine, per finire con gli
strumenti necessari per le indagini sui livelli di inquinamento. Il che
vuol dire condannare il "popolo invisibile" a soffrire fame e malattie,
a
negargli il l avoro, a morire per mancanza di cure mediche; e questo
colpisce inevitabilmente i piË poveri e indifesi: i profughi, i bambini,
i
vecchi.
Chiamiamo tutte le persone, le associazioni, le forze sociali che non
accettano l'arroganza dell'imperialismo e della NATO ad esprimere tutta
la
loro solidarietÈ ai lavoratori e alle popolazioni della Repubblica
Federale di Jugoslavia.
Al fine di raccogliere aiuti la
Associazione "Internazionalismo e SolidarietÈ"
organizza per
martedÙ 27 giugno 2000
alle ore 19 e 30
presso la Casa del Popolo di Sottolongera, Via Masaccio 24
un incontro sul tema della campagna di
solidarietÈ materiale con il popolo jugoslavo
(adozioni a distanza, medicinali, denaro, cibo non deperibile,
vestiario)
SeguirÈ una serata conviviale animata dalla musica balcanica dei gruppi
Kraski Ovcarji e Balkan Babau Circus Orkestar
Per chi lo volesse sarÈ in funzione un buffet.
Medicinali per la Zastava
Abbiamo ricevuto dal Sindacato dei lavoratori della fabbrica Zastava di
Kragujevac un lungo elenco di farmaci assolutamente necessari e
introvabili a causa dell'embargo, tra i quali:
COUMADIN
SINTROM
SIRINGHE PER INSULINA U-100
SIRINGHE BD PER INSULINA-1ML
SIRINGHE NORMALI
VI INVITIAMO
a partecipare alla serata portando con voi confezioni di questi
medicinali.
---
Rossi Alma wrote:
>
> Vi segnaliamo che nel sito del coordinamento RSU coord.naz.rsu@... è
> disponibile, e scaricabile, il primo materiale relativo all'iniziativa che
> si sta organizzando per il prossimo 15 luglio a Trieste in solidarietà ai
> lavoratori della jugoslavia e contro l'embargo.
> L'iniziativa prevede la convocazione di una assemblea nazionale che punta a
> mettere assieme quanti, dopo essersi già mobilitati contro la guerra, sono
> oggi impegnati o sensibili alle iniziative di solidarietà verso i lavoratori
> della Yugoslavia ed ai contenuti della lotta per il ritiro immediato ed
> unilaterale dell'embargo.
> Dalla home page potete risalire alla pagina con queste informazioni
> (assemblea e concerto).
> E' necessario però che attorno a questa iniziativa si costruisca il massimo
> di mobilitazione, in questa fase sopratutto per la raccolta delle adesioni.
> Chiediamo alle Rsu di discutere di questo al loro interno e di costruire
> quindi la loro adesione, ma chiediamo a tutti anche di coinvolgere le loro
> strutture sindacali categoriali e territoriali, le Ammininistrazioniu
> Pubbliche (comuni e provincie) per costruire anche la loro adesione.
> Nel caso segnalateci gli indirizzi di queste Amministrazioni in modo che gli
> si possa inviare una lettera ufficiale di richiesta di adesione.
> Nel primo gruppo dei promotori segnaliamo alcune strutture sindacali (Cgil
> Lombardia, Cgil di Massa - Carrara - Cgil Brescia - Fiom di Lecco, anche la
> Cgil di Trieste ha dichiarato di condividere gli obiettivi dell'iniziativa)
> e associazioni come la sezione Italiana del tribunale Clark sui crimini di
> guerra (che interverranno anche all'assemblea per illustrare i risultati
> dell'inchiesta che come sapete si è conclusa lo scorso 10 giugno a New
> York).
> Scaricate e diffondete il materiale (materiale che sarà via via aggiornato)
> e cercate di spingere per altre adesioni sopratutto verso le vostre
> strutture sindacali locali e verso le vostre RSU.
> La riuscita dell'iniziativa di Trieste è il modo migliore di dimostrare come
> il mondo del lavoro Italiano sia schierato contro la guerra (sia come
> bombardamenti sia come embargo).
>
> Ciao ALMA
>
> Alma Rossi - email - alma@...
> indirizzo email del coordinamento RSU - coord.naz.rsu@...
> indirizzo internet del Coordinamento RSU - http://www.ecn.org/coord.rsu/
---
TEXT-ONLY VERSION OF CONFERENCE REGISTRATION FORM.
PLEASE FORWARD TO THOSE YOU THINK MAY BE INTERESTED.
---------------
CAMPAIGN AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
Invitation and Registration Form for the
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
4-5 November, 2000 Manchester, UK
Register soon! Limited places available!
Sponsors: The Wainwright Trust, The Rowntree Reform Trust, Manchester
City
Council, Greater Manchester and District CND
Send your form (below) and payment by post to: CADU, One World Centre, 6
Mount St., Manchester, M2 5NS England
Invoiceable organisations only may:
email to: gmdcnd@...
OR fax to: 44-(0)161-834-8187
Thank You!
For more information please telephone the CADU office on:
44-(0)161-834-8301; or 834-8176 or send us an email!
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
Bringing Together Speakers and Campaigners from All Over the World
We hope this international conference will be an opportunity not only to
provide accessible information to those not familiar with the issue, but
also provide a working platform for activists, politicians and national
representatives to collaborate on key global strategies for removing the
threat of depleted uranium from all peoples, and for putting pressure on
governments to respond appropriately to this threat. The conference will
also provide a place for scientists from around the world to compare
notes
on their research thus far. The conference will begin at 9am on Saturday
4
November and conclude at 5 pm on Sunday, 5 November. The plenary
sessions
will include speakers from Iraq, Serbia, and veterans groups.
Scientists
will present the latest information on the testing programmes and
medical
effects. Workshops on the huge range of issues related to DU include:
health effects, the nuclear industry, international law and UN work,
government responses, Gulf War and Balkans veterans, clean up
operations,
practical support for those affected, the role of the World Health
Organisation and the International Atomic Energy Authority,
environmental
effects, non-violent protest actions, etc. Full conference programmes
will
be sent out with your registration pack.
Speakers Include:
High-level UN speakers have been invited, but we are still awaiting
confirmation (June 2000). Confirmed speakers thus far include
representatives from campaign groups in Puerto Rico, the Netherlands,
Italy, Serbia, and the U.S.; the International Association of Lawyers
Against Nuclear Arms; the Military Toxics Project; radiation scientists
from Iraq and Serbia; Alice Mahon, MP; Dr. Doug Rokke, US Army Radiation
Health Specialist during the Gulf War; Dr. Rosalie Bertell, who has
worked
in the field of environmental epidemiology of cancer and birth defects
for
thirty years; Karen Parker, JD, international lawyer at the UN; Dr.
Malcolm
Hooper, Chief Scientific Advisor to UK Gulf War Veterans; Damacio Lopez,
director of the International Depleted Uranium Study Team; Dr. Chris
Busby,
physical chemist and consultant to the Low Level Radiation Campaign;
and
Felicity Arbuthnot, investigative journalist.
What is Depleted Uranium?
Depleted Uranium is a waste product of the nuclear industry. It is
radioactive and chemically toxic, extremely dense, and is now used to
make
armour-piercing weapons. When it burns or explodes, a fine, breathable,
insoluble radioactive dust is released that can travel for many miles.
DU
has a half-life of 4.5 billion years. This means that, unless isolated,
it
can remain accessible to the human environment forever. About 320 tons
of
DU were fired on Iraq during the Gulf War, and about 10 tons on Kosovo
and
Serbia; a smaller, unknown amount, was used in Bosnia in 1994-95.
Veterans
and civilians in the Gulf War and the Balkans have reported ill-health,
cancers, and nerve damage, as well as cancers and genetic abnormalities
in
their children.
What is CADU?
The Campaign Against Depleted Uranium was launched in Manchester,
England,
in January 1999. Issues covered by its work include ill effects of DU on
soldiers and civilians in Iraq and the Balkans, medical effects of DU
on
soldiers and civilians, DU storage in the UK and the US, DU in scrap
metal
in the UK, use of DU in airplanes, and DU testing in New Mexico,
Scotland,
Japan and Puerto Rico. CADU, together with other groups, initiated
meetings at the Hague Appeal for Peace, May 1999. These meetings formed
the
strong international links in the campaign against DU that are enjoyed
today. CADU is a small, largely voluntary group, funded by small
grants,
affiliation fees and donations.
CADU's Aims:
-a global ban on the manufacture, export, and use of depleted uranium
weapons;
-recognition by European defence ministries that DU weapons are
connected
with illnesses among veterans and civilians from the Gulf War, the
Balkans,
and among those near DU testing, manufacturing and air crash sites;
- governments that use DU must take responsibility for environmental
decontamination of areas where it has been used;
-recognition that DU weapons are already banned under international
humanitarian law.
Manchester - A Nuclear Free City for Twenty Years
5 November 2000 marks the twentieth anniversary of Manchester's 'nuclear
free' policy. Manchester became the UK's first Nuclear Free Local
Authority
in the world in 1980. Manchester City Council is generously supporting
the
conference.
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
---
Associazione "Internazionalismo e SolidarietÈ"
Trieste
JUGOSLAVIA 2000:
AIUTIAMO IL "POPOLO INVISIBILE"
Anche l'embargo uccide, come le bombe, come l'uranio
Come l'indifferenza
Un anno fa cessavano i bombardamenti degli aerei della NATO sulla
Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia lasciando un Paese devastato: case,
scuole, ospedali, fabbriche, ponti, strade distrutti in nome di una
"ingerenza umanitaria" che in realtÈ era la volontÈ dell'imperialismo
americano di sottomettere un Paese e un popolo che, nel cuore
dell'Europa non vuole sottostare ai diktat dei paesi occidentali. I
bombardamenti
effettuati sulla fabbrica di automobili Zastava di Kragujevac e sul polo
industriale di Panc evo, con la contemporanea distruzione del
petrolchimico, della fabbrica di fertilizzanti e della raffineria, sono
forse i fatti piË emblematici perchÉ dimostrano senza ombra di dubbio
che
si voleva distruggere le fonti del lavoro e determinare le condizio ni
del
piË pesante carico di distruzioni ambientali che si potesse realizzare:
acqua, aria, terra avvelenati (e non solo su quel martoriato Paese!) da
una guerra che ha avuto tutti i connotati di un attacco
chimico-nucleare.
Ed É risibile e scandaloso come il Tribunale speciale dell'Aja abbia
deciso di archiviare il caso dei crimi-ni commessi dalla NATO. Ad
esempio
per quanto riguarda Pancevo si sostiene che "non risulta che la Nato
fosse
a conoscenza dei possibili danni ambi entali conseguenti ad un attacco
aereo." £ ovvio: cosa volete che ci fosse in una raffineria? Nulla di
tossico! Certamente profumi! Tutto questo a riprova della sudditanza di
istituzioni pseudo-neutrali a chi vuole essere il padrone e il gendarme
del mon do. E come se non fossero bastate le bombe la "civile" comunitÈ
dei Paesi aggressori ha deciso di mantenere e rafforzare l'embargo
contro
la Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia, in atto giÈ da molti anni, e
che
ri-guarda tutta una serie di servizi, beni e tecno logie, a cominciare
dai
presidi sanitari piË semplici, siringhe ed aspirine, per finire con gli
strumenti necessari per le indagini sui livelli di inquinamento. Il che
vuol dire condannare il "popolo invisibile" a soffrire fame e malattie,
a
negargli il l avoro, a morire per mancanza di cure mediche; e questo
colpisce inevitabilmente i piË poveri e indifesi: i profughi, i bambini,
i
vecchi.
Chiamiamo tutte le persone, le associazioni, le forze sociali che non
accettano l'arroganza dell'imperialismo e della NATO ad esprimere tutta
la
loro solidarietÈ ai lavoratori e alle popolazioni della Repubblica
Federale di Jugoslavia.
Al fine di raccogliere aiuti la
Associazione "Internazionalismo e SolidarietÈ"
organizza per
martedÙ 27 giugno 2000
alle ore 19 e 30
presso la Casa del Popolo di Sottolongera, Via Masaccio 24
un incontro sul tema della campagna di
solidarietÈ materiale con il popolo jugoslavo
(adozioni a distanza, medicinali, denaro, cibo non deperibile,
vestiario)
SeguirÈ una serata conviviale animata dalla musica balcanica dei gruppi
Kraski Ovcarji e Balkan Babau Circus Orkestar
Per chi lo volesse sarÈ in funzione un buffet.
Medicinali per la Zastava
Abbiamo ricevuto dal Sindacato dei lavoratori della fabbrica Zastava di
Kragujevac un lungo elenco di farmaci assolutamente necessari e
introvabili a causa dell'embargo, tra i quali:
COUMADIN
SINTROM
SIRINGHE PER INSULINA U-100
SIRINGHE BD PER INSULINA-1ML
SIRINGHE NORMALI
VI INVITIAMO
a partecipare alla serata portando con voi confezioni di questi
medicinali.
---
Rossi Alma wrote:
>
> Vi segnaliamo che nel sito del coordinamento RSU coord.naz.rsu@... è
> disponibile, e scaricabile, il primo materiale relativo all'iniziativa che
> si sta organizzando per il prossimo 15 luglio a Trieste in solidarietà ai
> lavoratori della jugoslavia e contro l'embargo.
> L'iniziativa prevede la convocazione di una assemblea nazionale che punta a
> mettere assieme quanti, dopo essersi già mobilitati contro la guerra, sono
> oggi impegnati o sensibili alle iniziative di solidarietà verso i lavoratori
> della Yugoslavia ed ai contenuti della lotta per il ritiro immediato ed
> unilaterale dell'embargo.
> Dalla home page potete risalire alla pagina con queste informazioni
> (assemblea e concerto).
> E' necessario però che attorno a questa iniziativa si costruisca il massimo
> di mobilitazione, in questa fase sopratutto per la raccolta delle adesioni.
> Chiediamo alle Rsu di discutere di questo al loro interno e di costruire
> quindi la loro adesione, ma chiediamo a tutti anche di coinvolgere le loro
> strutture sindacali categoriali e territoriali, le Ammininistrazioniu
> Pubbliche (comuni e provincie) per costruire anche la loro adesione.
> Nel caso segnalateci gli indirizzi di queste Amministrazioni in modo che gli
> si possa inviare una lettera ufficiale di richiesta di adesione.
> Nel primo gruppo dei promotori segnaliamo alcune strutture sindacali (Cgil
> Lombardia, Cgil di Massa - Carrara - Cgil Brescia - Fiom di Lecco, anche la
> Cgil di Trieste ha dichiarato di condividere gli obiettivi dell'iniziativa)
> e associazioni come la sezione Italiana del tribunale Clark sui crimini di
> guerra (che interverranno anche all'assemblea per illustrare i risultati
> dell'inchiesta che come sapete si è conclusa lo scorso 10 giugno a New
> York).
> Scaricate e diffondete il materiale (materiale che sarà via via aggiornato)
> e cercate di spingere per altre adesioni sopratutto verso le vostre
> strutture sindacali locali e verso le vostre RSU.
> La riuscita dell'iniziativa di Trieste è il modo migliore di dimostrare come
> il mondo del lavoro Italiano sia schierato contro la guerra (sia come
> bombardamenti sia come embargo).
>
> Ciao ALMA
>
> Alma Rossi - email - alma@...
> indirizzo email del coordinamento RSU - coord.naz.rsu@...
> indirizzo internet del Coordinamento RSU - http://www.ecn.org/coord.rsu/
---
TEXT-ONLY VERSION OF CONFERENCE REGISTRATION FORM.
PLEASE FORWARD TO THOSE YOU THINK MAY BE INTERESTED.
---------------
CAMPAIGN AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
Invitation and Registration Form for the
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
4-5 November, 2000 Manchester, UK
Register soon! Limited places available!
Sponsors: The Wainwright Trust, The Rowntree Reform Trust, Manchester
City
Council, Greater Manchester and District CND
Send your form (below) and payment by post to: CADU, One World Centre, 6
Mount St., Manchester, M2 5NS England
Invoiceable organisations only may:
email to: gmdcnd@...
OR fax to: 44-(0)161-834-8187
Thank You!
For more information please telephone the CADU office on:
44-(0)161-834-8301; or 834-8176 or send us an email!
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AGAINST DEPLETED URANIUM
Bringing Together Speakers and Campaigners from All Over the World
We hope this international conference will be an opportunity not only to
provide accessible information to those not familiar with the issue, but
also provide a working platform for activists, politicians and national
representatives to collaborate on key global strategies for removing the
threat of depleted uranium from all peoples, and for putting pressure on
governments to respond appropriately to this threat. The conference will
also provide a place for scientists from around the world to compare
notes
on their research thus far. The conference will begin at 9am on Saturday
4
November and conclude at 5 pm on Sunday, 5 November. The plenary
sessions
will include speakers from Iraq, Serbia, and veterans groups.
Scientists
will present the latest information on the testing programmes and
medical
effects. Workshops on the huge range of issues related to DU include:
health effects, the nuclear industry, international law and UN work,
government responses, Gulf War and Balkans veterans, clean up
operations,
practical support for those affected, the role of the World Health
Organisation and the International Atomic Energy Authority,
environmental
effects, non-violent protest actions, etc. Full conference programmes
will
be sent out with your registration pack.
Speakers Include:
High-level UN speakers have been invited, but we are still awaiting
confirmation (June 2000). Confirmed speakers thus far include
representatives from campaign groups in Puerto Rico, the Netherlands,
Italy, Serbia, and the U.S.; the International Association of Lawyers
Against Nuclear Arms; the Military Toxics Project; radiation scientists
from Iraq and Serbia; Alice Mahon, MP; Dr. Doug Rokke, US Army Radiation
Health Specialist during the Gulf War; Dr. Rosalie Bertell, who has
worked
in the field of environmental epidemiology of cancer and birth defects
for
thirty years; Karen Parker, JD, international lawyer at the UN; Dr.
Malcolm
Hooper, Chief Scientific Advisor to UK Gulf War Veterans; Damacio Lopez,
director of the International Depleted Uranium Study Team; Dr. Chris
Busby,
physical chemist and consultant to the Low Level Radiation Campaign;
and
Felicity Arbuthnot, investigative journalist.
What is Depleted Uranium?
Depleted Uranium is a waste product of the nuclear industry. It is
radioactive and chemically toxic, extremely dense, and is now used to
make
armour-piercing weapons. When it burns or explodes, a fine, breathable,
insoluble radioactive dust is released that can travel for many miles.
DU
has a half-life of 4.5 billion years. This means that, unless isolated,
it
can remain accessible to the human environment forever. About 320 tons
of
DU were fired on Iraq during the Gulf War, and about 10 tons on Kosovo
and
Serbia; a smaller, unknown amount, was used in Bosnia in 1994-95.
Veterans
and civilians in the Gulf War and the Balkans have reported ill-health,
cancers, and nerve damage, as well as cancers and genetic abnormalities
in
their children.
What is CADU?
The Campaign Against Depleted Uranium was launched in Manchester,
England,
in January 1999. Issues covered by its work include ill effects of DU on
soldiers and civilians in Iraq and the Balkans, medical effects of DU
on
soldiers and civilians, DU storage in the UK and the US, DU in scrap
metal
in the UK, use of DU in airplanes, and DU testing in New Mexico,
Scotland,
Japan and Puerto Rico. CADU, together with other groups, initiated
meetings at the Hague Appeal for Peace, May 1999. These meetings formed
the
strong international links in the campaign against DU that are enjoyed
today. CADU is a small, largely voluntary group, funded by small
grants,
affiliation fees and donations.
CADU's Aims:
-a global ban on the manufacture, export, and use of depleted uranium
weapons;
-recognition by European defence ministries that DU weapons are
connected
with illnesses among veterans and civilians from the Gulf War, the
Balkans,
and among those near DU testing, manufacturing and air crash sites;
- governments that use DU must take responsibility for environmental
decontamination of areas where it has been used;
-recognition that DU weapons are already banned under international
humanitarian law.
Manchester - A Nuclear Free City for Twenty Years
5 November 2000 marks the twentieth anniversary of Manchester's 'nuclear
free' policy. Manchester became the UK's first Nuclear Free Local
Authority
in the world in 1980. Manchester City Council is generously supporting
the
conference.
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
LE INCREDIBILI AVVENTURE DEL SIGNOR KOUCHNER (4)
Il capo della missione civile dell'ONU (UNMIK) in Kosmet Bernard
Kouchner e' molto tollerante verso chi commette "errori" nel processo
inarrestabile (?) di democratizzazione del suo protettorato (leggi: le
bande di assassini finanziati, addestrati ed appoggiati dalla NATO), ma
non altrettanto verso chi la pensa diversamente da lui.
Quando alla conferenza stampa tenutasi nel primo anniversario della
occupazione coloniale del Kosmet gli e' stato chiesto cosa ne pensasse
delle opinioni di Jiri Dinstbier, il suo collega dell'ONU inviato
speciale per i diritti umani nella ex-RFSJ che sostiene che
l'amministrazione Kouchner ha chiuso un occhio verso i criminali
dell'UCK compromettendo la convivenza sul territorio kosovaro, Kouchner
e' diventato furioso ed ha detto che Dinstbier non sa niente della
realta' di quel territorio, e che lui che ha speso 30 anni della sua
vita a proteggere i diritti umani non puo' essere criticato in tal senso
da nessuno.
Kouchner si rifiuta di incontrare Dinstbier, e la rabbia e' tale che non
vuole ricevere nemmeno il connazionale di Dinstbier, il presidente ceco
Havel, che pure invece non ha mai mostrato perplessita' nei confronti
delle politiche razziste dell'UNMIK in Kosmet. Per chiudere la
discussione sull'argomento, Kouchner ha urlato "Mr. Dinstbier, shut up!"
("Chiudi il becco Dinstbier!") dinanzi ai giornalisti convenuti.
Fonte:
>UN's Kouchner tells critic Shut up!
>http://www.abcnews.go.com/wire/World/reuters20000612_2132.html
>PRISTINA, Yugoslavia, June 12 (Reuters)
Per le puntate precedenti si veda:
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/218?
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/219?&start=218
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/231?&start=218
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Il capo della missione civile dell'ONU (UNMIK) in Kosmet Bernard
Kouchner e' molto tollerante verso chi commette "errori" nel processo
inarrestabile (?) di democratizzazione del suo protettorato (leggi: le
bande di assassini finanziati, addestrati ed appoggiati dalla NATO), ma
non altrettanto verso chi la pensa diversamente da lui.
Quando alla conferenza stampa tenutasi nel primo anniversario della
occupazione coloniale del Kosmet gli e' stato chiesto cosa ne pensasse
delle opinioni di Jiri Dinstbier, il suo collega dell'ONU inviato
speciale per i diritti umani nella ex-RFSJ che sostiene che
l'amministrazione Kouchner ha chiuso un occhio verso i criminali
dell'UCK compromettendo la convivenza sul territorio kosovaro, Kouchner
e' diventato furioso ed ha detto che Dinstbier non sa niente della
realta' di quel territorio, e che lui che ha speso 30 anni della sua
vita a proteggere i diritti umani non puo' essere criticato in tal senso
da nessuno.
Kouchner si rifiuta di incontrare Dinstbier, e la rabbia e' tale che non
vuole ricevere nemmeno il connazionale di Dinstbier, il presidente ceco
Havel, che pure invece non ha mai mostrato perplessita' nei confronti
delle politiche razziste dell'UNMIK in Kosmet. Per chiudere la
discussione sull'argomento, Kouchner ha urlato "Mr. Dinstbier, shut up!"
("Chiudi il becco Dinstbier!") dinanzi ai giornalisti convenuti.
Fonte:
>UN's Kouchner tells critic Shut up!
>http://www.abcnews.go.com/wire/World/reuters20000612_2132.html
>PRISTINA, Yugoslavia, June 12 (Reuters)
Per le puntate precedenti si veda:
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/218?
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/219?&start=218
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/231?&start=218
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* Uno scambio di vedute su diritto internazionale e legalita' borghese
* Amnesty International sul Tribunale "ad hoc" dell'Aia
* Carla del Ponte, criminale di guerra impunita
* Richiesta di dimissioni per Carla del Ponte
* Il governo olandese sotto processo
---
DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE E LEGALITA' BORGHESE
In seguito al nostro ultimo messaggio sui crimini della NATO
(http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/286?&start=263)
abbiamo ricevuto da Luca il seguente commento:
> Ho letto l' articolo sulle leggi di guerra.
> A me pare pericoloso appoggiare le critiche alla guerra ed alla nato in
> particolare seguendo un approccio "legalitario".
>
> Le forze borghesi amano le cosiddette convenzioni di guerra perche' esse
> fanno parte della copertura ideologica della guerra ....Forse si
> dovrebbero mostrare le inconsistenze logiche insite negli argomenti
> legalisti. Soprattutto per quanto concerne
> i "coccodrilli " del manifesto
>
> o no?
Sicuramente! Tuttavia sottolineare queste come altre violazioni della
legalita' borghese commesse da parte della stessa borghesia ha un suo
significato. In pratica si tratta del "sovversivismo
delle classi dirigenti", lo stesso fenomeno che ci ha portato al
fascismo ed al nazismo, quando la classe dirigente rompe le leggi che
essa stessa ha formulato. Questo puo' avere due ricadute:
- o si prefigura come scontro inter-borghese (inter-imperialista);
- oppure semplicemente significa una deriva autoritaria, quando anche le
garanzie, gli spazi della democrazia borghese ci vengono sottratte;
oppure tutte e due le cose insieme. Percio' ci sembra importante
evidenziare quando questo succede. CRJ
---
Subject: YUGOSLAVIA: Amnesty International's initial comments
on the review by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former
Yugoslavia of NATO's Operation Allied Force
Date: Wed, 14 Jun 2000 09:06:13 -0400
From: amnesty@...
Reply-To: owner-amnesty-l@...
To: amnesty-L@...
* News Release Issued by the International Secretariat of Amnesty
International *
Amnesty International Public document
AI Index EUR 70/029/2000
News Service Nr. 116
13 June 2000
Amnesty International's initial comments on the review by the
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia of NATO's
Operation Allied Force
The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) has
published today the Final Report to the Prosecutor by the Committee
Established to Review the NATO Bombing Campaign Against the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia. The report examines general issues and five
specific incidents and recommends to the ICTY Prosecutor not to commence
a criminal investigation "in relation to the NATO bombing campaign or
incidents occurring during the campaign" (para 91).
Ms Carla Del Ponte, ICTY's Prosecutor, informed the United Nations'
Security Council on 2 June 2000 that she had decided to accept this
recommendation. She specifies that although some mistakes were made by
NATO, "the Prosecutor is satisfied that there was no deliberate
targeting of civilians or unlawful military targets by NATO during the
campaign".
Amnesty International has received a copy of the 45-page ICTY report and
is examining it carefully. All five incidents examined in the report by
ICTY's review committee were included in the Amnesty International
report, Collateral Damage or Unlawful Killings?, Violations of the Laws
of War by NATO during Operation Allied Force, published last week (AI
Index: EUR 70/18/00).
Amnesty International welcomes the unusual publication by the ICTY of
the reasoning behind the decision not to open an investigation related
to NATO's bombing campaign. The organization believes that this step
contributes greatly to the Tribunal's transparency, offering important
perspectives on the interpretation of the laws of war.
Amnesty International also respects the discretion enjoyed by the ICTY's
Prosecutor in deciding whether or not to open criminal investigations.
The organization understands that, as with other cases, the Prosecutor
may still decide to open an investigation into the NATO bombing should
additional relevant information become available.
Amnesty International notes that the report of the ICTY assessment
indicates that when NATO was requested "to answer specific questions
about specific incidents, the NATO reply was couched in general terms
and failed to address the specific incidents." The report also points
out that the "committee has not spoken to those involved in directing or
carrying out the bombing campaign". These facts must have contributed to
the information gaps that the committee itself acknowledges in its
report. Amnesty International also notes the following overall
conclusion of the review committee (para 90):
"NATO has admitted that mistakes did occur during the bombing campaign;
errors of judgment may also have occurred. Selection of certain
objectives for attack may be subject to legal debate. On the basis of
the information reviewed, however, the committee is of the opinion that
neither an in-depth investigation related to the bombing campaign as a
whole nor investigations related to specific incidents are justified. In
all cases, either the law is not sufficiently clear or investigations
are unlikely to result in the acquisition of sufficient evidence to
substantiate charges against high level accused or against lower accused
for particularly heinous offences."
The report does not explain what difficulties are envisaged by the
Office of the Prosecutor in gathering sufficient evidence against any
NATO or NATO member state official.
With regard to the bombing of the headquarters and studios of Serbian
state television and radio (Radio Televisija Srbije, RTS) in Belgrade on
23 April 1999, the report states (para 76):
"The committee finds that if the attack on the RTS was justified by
reference to its propaganda purpose alone, its legality might well be
questioned by some experts in the field of international humanitarian
law. It appears, however, that NATO's targeting of the RTS building for
propaganda purposes was an incidental (albeit complementary) aim of its
primary goal of disabling the Serbian military command and control
system and to destroy the nerve system and apparatus that keeps
Milosevic in power."
Earlier (para 55) the report made the following observation regarding
the role of the media in general:
"The media as such is not a traditional target category. To the extent
particular media components are part of the C3 (command, control and
communications) network they are military objectives. If media
components are not part of the C3 network then they may become military
objectives depending upon their use. As a bottom line, civilians,
civilian objects and civilian morale as such are not legitimate military
objectives. The media does have an effect on civilian morale. If that
effect is merely to foster support for the war effort, the media is not
a legitimate military objective. If the media is used to incite crimes,
as in Rwanda, it can become a legitimate military objective. If the
media is the nerve system that keeps a war-monger in power and thus
perpetuates the war effort, it may fall within the definition of a
legitimate military objective."
Amnesty International reiterates that the explanation it sought and
received by NATO regarding the attack on the RTS headquarters was that
the attack was carried out because the RTS was a propaganda organ. In a
letter to Amnesty International dated 17 May 1999 and quoted in ICTY's
report (para 73), NATO's then Secretary General Javier Solana said that
NATO made "every possible effort to avoid civilian casualties and
collateral damage by exclusively and carefully targeting the military
infrastructure of President Milocevic", adding that the RTS facilities
"are being used as radio relay stations and transmitters to support the
activities of the FRY military and special police forces, and therefore
they represented legitimate military targets". However, as also
indicated in the Amnesty International report published last week, at a
meeting with Amnesty International in Brussels on 14 February 2000 NATO
officials clarified that this reference to relay stations and
transmitters was to other attacks on RTS infrastructure and not this
particular attack on the RTS headquarters. They insisted that the attack
on the RTS headquarters was carried out because RTS was a propaganda
organ and argued that propaganda is direct support for military action.
The point relating to propaganda has been made repeatedly, most recently
by General Wesley Clark, Supreme Allied Commander in Europe at the time
of Operation Allied Force. In an address at the Brookings Institution on
8 June 2000 he is quoted as saying:
"I noticed on the news today there is criticism of the attack on the
Serb media. Well, of course, that was a controversial target. But the
Serb media engine was feeding the war. It was a crucial instrument of
Milosevic's control over the Serb population. And it exported fear,
hatred and instability into neighbouring regions. And so it was a
legitimate target of war, validated by lawyers in many countries and
validated by the International Criminal Tribunal. But it sure eased our
minds a lot to know that our elected political leaders took the
responsibility for that strike."
As explained in its report last week, Amnesty International recognizes
that disrupting government propaganda may help to undermine the morale
of the population and the armed forces. However, the organization
believes that justifying an attack on such grounds stretches the meaning
of "effective contribution to military action" and "definite military
advantage" -- essential requirements of the definition of a military
objective -- beyond the acceptable bounds of interpretation. As such,
Amnesty International takes the view that the attack on the RTS
headquarters was directed at a civilian object and points out that
"[I]ntentionally directing attacks against civilian objects" is a war
crime under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
Amnesty International regrets the lack of full cooperation by NATO in
resposnding to ICTY's inquiries. The organization stresses that the fact
that the ICTY Prosecutor has decided not to open a criminal
investigation against NATO should not lead NATO to ignore the detailed
and nuanced contents of the ICTY report, or dismiss recommendations made
by Amnesty International and other organizations.
Amnesty International calls again on NATO and NATO member states to heed
the recommendations it made in its report published last week, including
the need for all NATO member states to ratify without reservations
Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949; ensure a common
interpretation of international humanitarian law in line with the
highest international standards; reflect these standards in NATO's rules
of engagement; and clarify NATO's chain of command, so as to ensure
clear lines of responsibility.
NATO and NATO member states should also conduct their own investigation
into reported breaches of the rules of war during Operation Allied
Force, whether or not they may amount to war crimes, so as to take
appropriate measures against anyone found responsible, provide redress,
including compensation, to victims of such violations, and learn lessons
for the future. ...
ENDS.../
Amnesty International, International Secretariat, 1 Easton Street,
WC1X 8DJ, London, United Kingdom
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---
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/indexe.htm
The Emperor's New Clothes
Louise Arbour: Unindicted War Criminal
by Christopher Black and Edward S. Herman (6-14-00)
Among the many ironies of the NATO war against Yugoslavia was the role
of the International Criminal Tribunal and its chief prosecutor, Louise
Arbour, elevated by Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien to Canada's
highest court in 1999. It will be argued here that as Arbour and her
Tribunal played a key role in EXPEDITING war crimes, an excellent case
can be made that in a just world she would be in the dock rather than in
judicial robes.
Arbour To NATO's Rescue
In the midst of NATO's 78-day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia,
Arbour participated in an April 20 press conference with British Foreign
Secretary Robin Cook to receive from him documentation on Serb war
crimes. Then on May 27, Arbour announced the indictment of Serb
President Slobodan Milosevic and four of his associates for war crimes.
The inappropriateness of a supposedly judicial body doing this when
Germany, Russia and other powers were trying to find a diplomatic
resolution to the conflict, was staggering.
At the April 20 appearance with Cook, Arbour stated that
"It is inconceivable...that we would agree to be guided by the political
will of those who may want to advance an agenda."
But her appearance with Cook and the followup indictments fitted
perfectly the needs of the NATO leadership. There had been growing
criticism of NATO's increasingly civilian infrastructure-oriented
bombing of Serbia. Arbour's and the Tribunal's intervention declaring
the Serb leadership to be guilty of war crimes was a public relations
coup that justified the NATO policies and helped permit the bombing to
continue and escalate. This was pointed out repeatedly by NATO leaders
and propagandists: for example, Madeleine Albright noted that the
indictments
"make very clear to the world and the publics in our countries that this
[NATO policy] is justified because of the crimes committed, and I think
also will enable us to keep moving all these processes [i.e., bombing]
forward" (CNN, May 27).
Arbour herself noted that "I am mindful of the impact that this
indictment may have on the peace process," and although indicted
individuals are "entitled to the presumption of innocence until they are
convicted, the evidence upon which this indictment was confirmed raises
serious questions about their suitability to be guarantors of any deal,
let alone a peace agreement." (CNN, May 27). So Arbour not only
understood the political significance of her indictment, she suggested
that interference with diplomatic efforts was justified because the
indicted individuals, though not yet found guilty, were not suitable to
negotiate. This hugely unjudicial political judgment, along with the
convenient timing of the indictments, points up Arbour's and the
Tribunal's highly political role.
The Tribunal's Politicization
Arbour's service to NATO in indicting Milosevic was the logical outcome
of the Tribunal's de facto control and purpose. Established by the
Security Council in the early 1990s to serve the Balkan policy ends of
its dominant members, the Tribunal's funding and interlocking functional
relationship with the leading NATO powers have made it NATO's
instrument. (1)
Although Article 32 of the Tribunal's Charter declares that its expenses
shall be provided in the general budget of the United Nations, this
proviso has been regularly violated. In 1994-1995 the U.S. government
provided it with $700,000 in cash and $2.3 million in equipment, and
numerous other U.S.-based governmental and non- governmental agencies
have provided the Tribunal with resources.
Article 16 of the Tribunal's charter states that the Prosecutor shall
act independently and shall not seek or receive instruction from any
government. This section also has been systematically violated. NATO
sources have regularly made claims suggesting their authority over the
Tribunal: "We will make a decision on whether Yugoslav actions against
ethnic Albanians constitute genocide," states a USIA Fact Sheet, and
Cook asserted at his April 20 press conference with Arbour that "we are
going to focus on the war crimes being committed in Kosovo and our
determination to bring those responsible to justice, " as if he and
Arbour were a team jointly deciding on who should be charged for war
crimes.
Tribunal officials have even bragged about "the strong support of
concerned governments and dedicated individuals such as Secretary
Albright," further referred to as "mother of the Tribunal" (by Judge
Gabrielle Kirk McDonald, president of the Tribunal). In 1996 Arbour met
with the Secretary-General of NATO and its supreme commander to
"establish contacts and begin discussing modalities of cooperation and
assistance." Numerous other meetings have occurred between prosecutor
and NATO, which was given the function of Tribunal gendarme.
Arbour acknowleged (April 20) that "the real danger is whether we would
fall into [following somebody's political agenda] inadvertently by being
in the hands of information-providers who might have an agenda that we
would not be able to discern." But even an imbecile could discern that
NATO had an agenda and that simply accepting the flood of documents
offered by Cook and Albright entailed ADVERTENTLY following that agenda.
Arbour's April 20 reference to the "morality of the [NATO] enterprise"
and her remarks on Milosevic's possible lack of character disqualifying
him from negotiations, as well as her rush to help NATO with an
indictment, point to quite clearly understood political service.
The Arbour-Tribunal bias was dramatically illustrated by the disposition
of an internal Tribunal report on Operation Storm, which described war
crimes committed by the Croatian armed forces in their expulsion of more
than 200,000 Serbs from Krajina in August 1995. (6) In only four days
"at least 150 Serbs were summarily executed, and many hundreds
disappeared," totals that exceeded the 241 victims of the Serbs named in
the indictment of Milosevic. But as the United States supported the
Croat's ethnic cleansing of Serbs in Krajina, and refused to provide
requested information, no indictment of any Croat officer named in the
report, or head of state Tudjman, was ever brought by the Tribunal.
Tribunal's Kangaroo Court Processes
According to Arbour, the Tribunal was "subject to extremely stringent
rules of evidence with respect to the admissibility and the credibility
of the product that we will tender in court," thus precluding
"unsubstantiated, unverifiable, uncorroborated allegations" (April 20).
This is a gross misrepresentation of what John Laughland described in
the Times (London) as "a rogue court with rigged rules" (June 17, 1999).
The Tribunal violates virtually every standard of due process: among
others, it fails to separate prosecution and judge; witnesses can
testify anonymously; confessions are presumed free and voluntary unless
the contrary can be established by the prisoner; and "rules against
hearsay, deeply entrenched in Common Law, are not observed and the
Prosecutor's office has even suggested not calling witnesses to give
evidence but only the tribunal's own 'war crimes investigators'"
(Laughland).
As noted, Arbour presumes guilt before trial; the concept of "innocent
till convicted" is rejected, and she can declare that people linked with
Arkan "will be tainted by their association with an indicted war
criminal" (March 31). Arbour clearly does not believe in the basic rules
of Western jurisprudence. And within a month of her elevation to the
Canadian Supreme Court she joined a court majority that grafted onto
Canadian law the dangerous Tribunal practice of permitting a more
liberal use of hearsay evidence in trials. (2) The consequent corruption
of the Canadian justice system, both by her appointment and her impact,
mirrors that in the Canadian political system, whose leading members
supported the NATO war without question.
NATO's Crimes
In bombing Yugoslavia from March 24 to June 8 1999, NATO violated the UN
Charter requirement that it not use force without UN Security Council
sanction. (3) It was also guilty of aggression in attacking a sovereign
state that was not going beyond its borders. In its defense, NATO
claimed that "humanitarian" concerns demanded these actions and
justified seemingly serious law violations. (4) This reply sanctions law
violations on the basis of self-serving judgments that contradict the
rule of law, but it is also dubious on its own grounds. The NATO bombing
made "an internal humanitarian problem into a disaster" in the words of
Rollie Keith, the returned Canadian OSCE human rights monitor in Kosovo.
Furthermore, NATO refused to negotiate a settlement in Kosovo and
insisted on a violent solution; in the words of one State Department
official, NATO deliberately "raised the bar" and precluded a compromise
resolution because Serbia "needed to be bombed." These counter- facts
suggest that the alleged humanitarian basis of the law violations was a
cover for starkly political and geopolitical objectives.
NATO was also guilty of more traditional war crimes, including some that
the Tribunal had found indictable when [allegeldy] carried out by Serbs.
Thus on March 8, 1996, the Serb leader Milan Martic was indicted for
[allegeldy] launching a rocket cluster-bomb attack on military targets
in Zagreb in May 1995, on the ground that the rocket was "not designed
to hit military targets but to terrorize the civilians of Zagreb." But
the same case could be made for numerous NATO bombing raids, as in the
cluster-bombing of Nis on May 7, 1999, in which a market and hospital
far from any military target were hit in separate strikes--but no
indictment has yet been handed down against NATO.
But NATO was also guilty of bombing non-military targets as systematic
policy. On March 26, 1999, General Wesley Clark said that "We are going
to very systematically and progressively work on his military
forces...[to see] how much pain he is willing to suffer." But this focus
on "military forces" wasn't effective, so NATO quickly turned to "taking
down...the economic apparatus supporting" Serb military forces
(Clinton's words); targets were gradually extended to factories of all
kinds, electric power stations, water and sewage processing facilities,
transport, public buildings, and even schools and hospitals. In effect,
it was NATO's strategy to bring Serbia to its knees by gradually
escalating its attacks on the civil society.
But international law makes civilian targets off limits; the "wanton
destruction of cities, towns or villages or devastation not justified by
military necessity" is prohibited (Sixth Principle of Nuremberg,
formulated in 1950 by a UN-sponsored international law commission).
"Military necessity" does not allow the destruction of a civil society
to make it more difficult for the country to support its armed forces,
any more than civilians can be killed directly because they pay taxes
supporting the war machine or might some day become soldiers. Making an
entire population a hostage is a blatant violation of international law
and its implementing acts are war crimes.
In December 1999, it was finally reported that post-Arbour prosecutor
Carla Del Ponte was reviewing the conduct of NATO, at the urging of
Russia and several other "interested parties" ("U.N. Court Examines
NATO's Yugoslavia War," NYT, Dec. 29, 1999). But the news report
indicates that the focus is on the conduct of NATO pilots and their
commanders, not the NATO decision-makers who decided to target the
civilian infrastructure. It also suggests the public relations nature of
the inquiry, which would "go far in dispelling the belief...that the
tribunal is a tool used by Western leaders to escape accountability."
The report also indicates the delicate matter that the tribunal "depends
on the military alliance to arrest and hand over suspects." It also
quotes Del Ponte saying that "It's not my priority, because I have
inquiries about genocide, about bodies in mass graves." We may rest
assured that no indictments will result from this inquiry.
Beyond Orwell
NATO's leaders, frustrated in attacking the Serb military machine, quite
openly turned to smashing the civil society of Serbia as their means of
attaining the desired quick victory. Arbour and the Tribunal helped NATO
by indicting Milosevic, thereby giving NATO the moral cover needed for
escalated attacks on the hostage population.
Arbour and the Tribunal thus present us with the amazing spectacle of an
institution supposedly organized to contain, prevent, and prosecute for
war crimes actually knowingly facilitating them. Furthermore, petitions
submitted to the Tribunal during Arbour's tenure had called for
prosecution of the leaders of NATO, including Canadian Prime Minister
Jean Chretien, for the commission of war crimes. If she had been a
prosecutor in Canada, Britain or the United States, she would have been
subject to disbarment for considering and then accepting a job from a
person she had been asked to charge. But Arbour was elevated to the
Supreme Court of Canada by Chretien with hardly a mention of this
conflict of interest and immorality. **
About the authors...
Christopher Black (5) is part of the team of Canadian lawyers who have
attempted to bring war crimes charges against NATO before the War Crimes
Tribunal. At present, Mr. Black is serving as the attorney for one of
the defendant at the Rwandan war crimes hearings. He believes that
Western meddling is in large measure responsible for the horrendous
killing in Rwanda. He plans to write an article for Emperors-Clothes on
the subject.
Edward S. Herman is the author of many books including 'Real Terror
Network: Terrorism in Fact and Propaganda' (June 1998) and 'Triumph of
the Market: Essays on Economics, Politics, and the Media' (October
1995).
Further reading...
(1) See Money Talks - US Funds ICTY Public Relations at
http://emperors-clothes.com/news/press.htm
(2) Back to the dark ages by Jared Israel at
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/jared/bac.htm
(3) See NATO's War & World Security by Prof. Raju G. C. Thomas at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/analysis/security.htm
(4) See HUMANITARIAN WAR: Making the Crime Fit the Punishment by Diana
Johnstone at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/crime.htm
(5) See An Impartial Tribunal? Really? by Christopher Black at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/analysis/Impartial.htm
(6)See Conditions of Serbs in Croatia, by Alice Mahon, MP at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/mahon/croatia.htm
---
>Tribunal Watch archives are on-line at:
>http://listserv.acsu.buffalo.edu/archives/
>==========================================
>
>CANA (Christians Against NATO Aggression)
>Statement from William Spring, Director
>
>CARLA DEL PONTE SHOULD RESIGN AS WAR CRIMES PROSECUTOR
>
>Carla del Ponte should resign as war crimes prosecutor for the Hague
>Tribunal responsible for War Crimes in the area of the Former Yugoslavia.
>She has brought international law into disrepute by her decision announced
>to the Security Council June 2nd not to prosecute NATO leaders for war
>crimes committed by NATO forces in relation to the illegal military attack
>on Yugoslavia last year.
>
>Thomas Fuller, as quoted by the late Lord Denning, Master of the Rolls,
>said: "whoever you are the law is above you." In effect Carla del Ponte has
>put NATO civilian & military leaders beyond the law - has given them
>immunity to engage in whatever criminal action they like. A disgrace to
>the legal profession she should be replaced forthwith by the UN Secretary
>General.
>
>Her investigation into allegations made, not only by the Russian, Yugoslav
>& Chinese Governments concerning NATO war crimes, but also by ordinary
>people across the world, (in which I include CANA, as we detailed specific
>NATO atrocities in a dossier sent to her January 28th this year) was at
>best cursory; at worst her inaction can be interpreted as the frantic
>manoeuvrings of a mafia judge eager to please her mafia paymasters.
>Someone should do an investigation into the War Crimes Tribunal & her
>role, & that of of her predecessor, Ms Arbour. How is this body financed?
>Is it a legal entity? Does the UN Charter allow for new Institutions to be
>created simply on the say so of the Security Council?
>
>What has happened is a juridical nightmare; a nominally independent
>prosecutor, who in fact is leaned on, & responds to pressure from
>representatives of whatever coalition of powers happens to hold most
>influence in the Security Council at any one time.
>
>Her willingness to receive Jamie Shea, & Robin Cook, in her office at the
>Hague, while still theoretically engaged in an investigation as to whether
>NATO had committed war crimes was reprehensible, indicating collusion &
>undue influence. She should have had the courage to stand up to gangsters
>who 'fix' international Courts in the same way as Clinton fixed Congress to
>avoid impeachment.
>
>Her Office wrote to me 15th March stating "aerial warfare is a complex
>area of military international law involving difficult issues of targeting
>& execution." That may be so, but is not an excuse to duck the moral
>questions involved. The Prosecutor gets NATO off the hook by saying she is
>not satisfied there was 'intent' on the part of the NATO authorities to
>cause civilian casualties, which misses the point entirely: all deaths
>caused by those responsible for a war of aggression, whether they be
>military or civilian, are unlawful homicides, & it's not necessary to prove
>intent for every act which flowed from the decision to engage in aggressive
>war. But in the 15th March letter Gavin Ruxton said "The Prosecutor has no
>locus to consider the lawfulness or otherwise of the NATO decision to
>launch its air campaign": which means the Tribunal is disqualified from
>making any finding acquitting NATO of war crimes. (There is of course
>unambiguous evidence of NATO's intent to cause civilian casualties.)
>
>___________________________________________________________________________
___
>For further info tel 02088022144 cana@... also diarise
>House of Lords Cttee Room 4 12 noon 28th June 2000 Press Conference by
>Justin/Cana/Planning for Peace
>
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From: Herman de Tollenaere <hermantl@...>
To: right-left@...,Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.;,
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Subject: 9 June Amsterdam: report on Dutch ministers on trial for NATO
bombing
Date: Sat, 10 Jun 2000 00:24:20 +0200
[Unofficial report, hastily written by a non-lawyer]
On Friday 9 June, at the "Paleis van Justitie" [court house] in
Amsterdam,
Dutch Government Ministers were on trial for the NATO bombing of
Yugoslavia
in 1999.
As I walk to the court house, posters of a beer brand proclaim
"Yugoslavs
like our drink". Maybe, like people in Colombia or in Sierra Leone. All
these people, however, might think one drinks more safely if there is
less
chance of dying by a bomb or other weapon made in a NATO country.
Opening
headline of the day of daily De Volkskrant: the Dutch UN representative
says
that the Netherlands armed forces should get over their Balkans trauma
by
sending a thousand soldiers to Sierra Leone. The British NATO allies
would
like that. Might the Dutch soldiers not find out too late they go there,
like to the Balkans, not really for peace; but maybe for British diamond
millionaires, fighting out their conflict with French diamond
millionaires
at the cost of lives of European soldiers and [especially] African
soldiers,
including child soldiers, and civilians? Remember racism and escalating
violence, when troops from NATO countries were supposed to bring peace
to
Somalia?
Police had not allowed a demonstration, which would have started at 10
o'clock. The case starts 11 o'clock at the "Paleis van Justitie",
Prinsengracht 434 in Amsterdam. Long before the start, people gather
outside. Pro peace leaflets change hands. A big banner goes aloft: NATO
OUT
OF THE BALKANS. It is held by a local anti war committee member, and by
a
twentyish Amsterdam university student. She is here with others of De
Socialist magazine, also present at earlier peace demonstrations.
Celine is there as well. Though more than fifty-five years ago, the Nazi
occupiers of The Netherlands put her in a camp, today she still fights
against racism and war. She is of De Anti Fascist. This is the magazine
of
the Bond van Anti Fascisten [Anti Fascist League], founded by ex members
of
the 1940-1945 resistance against German Nazi occupation. Later, younger
fighters against present day racism and other forms of discrimination
joined. The Anti Fascist League is a main source making it financially
possible to have this case: as the Yugoslav plaintiffs are very poor,
having
often lost jobs and everything by the war.
Speaking of media: a TV crew of the local [multicultural] Amsterdam TV
records the scene outside and the court case inside. Radio The
Netherlands
World Broadcasting is there; as are correspondents of De Volkskrant and
Bosnian media. Yesterday, an article in Ganashakti daily, all the way in
India, told its readers of the case.
In 1999, 29 citizens of Yugoslavia, victims of the bombs, started this
civil
court case against Ministers Kok [Prime Minister], Van Aartsen [Foreign
Affairs], and De Grave [Defense]. In May/June 1999, the judge did not
grant
their request for summary proceedings. However, he also did not throw
out
the case, as pro-war politicians might have liked. Similar court cases
are
on their way in other NATO countries; though often, in these countries
the
legal system works a little slower, or is more expensive for plaintiffs,
than in The Netherlands. In The Netherlands, there are now also cases
against the State [so, not against ministers individually, like in this
case]; other Dutch civil cases against individuals; and World Court
cases
for violation of UN Charter point 2 sub 4, against military aggression.
In a
few months' time, the case brought by surviving families of the bombed
Belgrade television studio crew members will start in The Netherlands.
Before a full big court room, Mr Van Schendel, court president, first
arranges for the media representatives' reporting. Then, he calls upon
the
bombs victims' lawyers to speak. He grants them one hour. As twenty
minutes
is usual for lawyers in civil cases, this indicates some sense of the
juridical importance of this case.
These lawyers are Mr Steijnen and Mr Olof, of Juristen voor de Vrede
[Lawyers for Peace] and the Permanente Commissie [Permanent Legal
Commission
against Dutch War Crimes]. Lawyers for Peace have a long history of
legal
challenges to the Dutch government for allowing NATO nuclear weapons in
The
Netherlands [officially, the people are not allowed to know whether the
nuclear weapons are there or not].
Mr Olof pointed out NATO's war was against the United Nations charter
and
international law. Mr Steijnen pointed out that the Dutch government,
like
NATO, claims NATO's targets were all military. The civilian victims
supposedly were "collateral damage". Really? asked Mr Steijnen. NATO
destroyed fifty churches and monasteries, over three hundred schools;
many
bridges unsuited for military vehicles; buses; passenger trains; TV
studios;
cigarette factories; 100% of chemical industry and 100% of agricultural
fertilizer industry in Yugoslavia; even apart from depleted uranium
ammunition radiation, creating enormous environmental damage. NATO used
cluster bombs.
Conservative pro NATO estimates say 1000 civilians died, 6000 were
wounded.
The MEAT report of the United States Air Force, quoted by Newsweek and
others, says all the weeks of air war destroyed 14 Yugoslav tanks, 18
armed
vehicles, 20 pieces of artillery. If we base ourselves on the
conservative
estimate of civilian victims: then, 70 civilians died for every Yugoslav
tank. Would it not be more accurate to say civilians and civilian
targets
were the real targets, and the damage against Yugoslav army vehicles and
artillery really was "collateral" damage? NATO leaders themselves
basically
admitted this [eg, when asked: why did the Yugoslav government finally
admit NATO troops in Kosovo? Eg, General Short said on BBC television
the
first target [to his regret, only destroyed later] should have been the
"rock and roll bridge" in Belgrade, where young people had concerts
against
the bombing].
Concluding, Mr Steijnen named three random examples of the plaintiffs.
One
worked as a car mechanic in Montenegro. The war started; very worried
about
his family in Belgrade, he went there, and parked his car. NATO bombs
fell
and destroyed the car. This loss meant also the loss of his mechanic's
job.
Now, he has nothing.
Another plaintiff worked in a small businessman's garage. A bomb
destroyed
the garage and the cars in it. Now, the employer is jobless and hungry.
So
is the employee.
A third example: this man used to work in a metal working factory. Bombs
totally destroyed the factory. Like its other 8000 workers, now he is
jobless.
For the ministers, Mr Houtzagers spoke. He quoted from a political
government statement, claiming NATO became involved as it worried about
stability of Albania and Macedonia [both non NATO members; and how did
the
war 'help stability' of these countries, let alone of Kosovo? Mr
Steijnen
replied]. And 'Yugoslavia had refused to negotiate seriously in
Rambouillet
[and how about NATO's proposed Appendix B, amounting to de facto
occupation
of all Yugoslavia?]'. Repeatedly interrupted by judges' critical
questions,
Mr Houtzagers talked about the legal base for the NATO attack. He
admitted
that UN Resolution 1199 was not such a legal base; nevertheless, the
government used it as justification. Mr Steijnen pointed out that only
one
member of the Dutch parliament, Mr Van Middelkoop, had known about
Resolution 1199. So, then, how about democratic control by parliament on
whether The Netherlands were at war or not [not even Prime Minister Kok
knew
when the bombing started]?
Mr Houtzagers also said the ministers could not be sued, 'as they had
acted
as organs of the State'. In reply, Mr Steijnen pointed out that at the
1945
Nuremberg trials, the court had rejected such a defense. *Individuals*
commit war crimes. The Nuremburg decisions are important in
international
law; though in its defence the Dutch government now more or less tries
to
dismiss them. They were part of the precedents claimed, by, for
instance,
the 1993 establishment of the court on Yugoslavia in The Hague. Mr
Steijnen
said: "How would a court react to General Pinochet claiming he had not
been
an individual, only '"an organ of the state"?
To the argument: "the war is over now, so the plaintiffs have no case
anymore. [Two of the plaintiffs last year complained, as the war had
made
them join the Yugoslav army as conscripts, thus putting them in danger
involuntarily]", Mr Steijnen replied the plaintiffs still were in
danger,
also if they would all continue to be civilians as at the moment; as
there
was only a cease fire, not peace. If one listens today to Dutch and
other
NATO leaders they may not yet have learned not to start a similar war
again
against Yugoslavia [or against another country].
President Van Schendel concluded the session by saying that the court
decision will, in principle, become public at 6 July, at 11.30 in the
same
court house. However, Mr Van Schendel left open the possibility that the
court would need more time for the legal complexities of the case; then,
the
verdict would be later.
Even if Lawyers for Peace lose the case in Amsterdam, they will appeal,
all
the way up to the European Court.
After the court case, Mr Houtzagers, contrary to the bombs victims'
lawyers,
refused to answer media questions. Later that day, there was a meeting.
Other Dutch ministers may also face civil cases. So may F16 pilots. So
may
pro-war Members of Parliament like Mr Blaauw of the ["Rightist Liberal"]
VVD
government party: Blaauw, during the Balkan war, talked of glorious
profit
opportunities for Dutch construction millionaires in Kosovo, after the
NATO
bombs would have done their job. Mr Blaauw is also a leader of the Press
Now
organization; officially for 'independent' [in fact, NATOish] media in
the
Balkans. Maybe, also a civil case by people hurt by the bombs, against
Mr De
Hoop Scheffer of the ["Christian Democrat"] CDA [very pro bombing,
though
officially in opposition].
And, maybe also civil damages claims against Marcel Rüter, businessman,
and
leader of the extreme Rightist Voorpost ["Vanguard"] movement, not
represented in government or parliament, which made pro bombing
propaganda.
Mr Rüter is an ex leader of the Centrumpartij'86, members of which used
to
rally for Adolf Hitler and his deputy, Rudolf Hess. Used to, *as
Centrumpartij'86 people*; because a few years ago, the courts banned
this
party for racism; after members had gone to jail for violence. In 1999
Voorpost tried a political comeback on the wave of pro-war and
anti-Serb-anti-Roma-and-anti-other-foreigner propaganda in the 'popular'
media. Maybe an opportunity for the Anti Fascist League to figuratively
"kill the two birds, of war and racism, with one stone"?
Best wishes,
Herman de Tollenaere
---
http://www.counterpunch.com
CounterPunch [Originally published at Swans: http://www.swans.com]
June 4, 2000
An Impartial Tribunal, Really?
By Christopher Black
-
http://www.serbianna.com/dorich/stories/00_06_09.html
The Road To Hell Is Paved With Good Intentions
By William Dorich
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* Amnesty International sul Tribunale "ad hoc" dell'Aia
* Carla del Ponte, criminale di guerra impunita
* Richiesta di dimissioni per Carla del Ponte
* Il governo olandese sotto processo
---
DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE E LEGALITA' BORGHESE
In seguito al nostro ultimo messaggio sui crimini della NATO
(http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/286?&start=263)
abbiamo ricevuto da Luca il seguente commento:
> Ho letto l' articolo sulle leggi di guerra.
> A me pare pericoloso appoggiare le critiche alla guerra ed alla nato in
> particolare seguendo un approccio "legalitario".
>
> Le forze borghesi amano le cosiddette convenzioni di guerra perche' esse
> fanno parte della copertura ideologica della guerra ....Forse si
> dovrebbero mostrare le inconsistenze logiche insite negli argomenti
> legalisti. Soprattutto per quanto concerne
> i "coccodrilli " del manifesto
>
> o no?
Sicuramente! Tuttavia sottolineare queste come altre violazioni della
legalita' borghese commesse da parte della stessa borghesia ha un suo
significato. In pratica si tratta del "sovversivismo
delle classi dirigenti", lo stesso fenomeno che ci ha portato al
fascismo ed al nazismo, quando la classe dirigente rompe le leggi che
essa stessa ha formulato. Questo puo' avere due ricadute:
- o si prefigura come scontro inter-borghese (inter-imperialista);
- oppure semplicemente significa una deriva autoritaria, quando anche le
garanzie, gli spazi della democrazia borghese ci vengono sottratte;
oppure tutte e due le cose insieme. Percio' ci sembra importante
evidenziare quando questo succede. CRJ
---
Subject: YUGOSLAVIA: Amnesty International's initial comments
on the review by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former
Yugoslavia of NATO's Operation Allied Force
Date: Wed, 14 Jun 2000 09:06:13 -0400
From: amnesty@...
Reply-To: owner-amnesty-l@...
To: amnesty-L@...
* News Release Issued by the International Secretariat of Amnesty
International *
Amnesty International Public document
AI Index EUR 70/029/2000
News Service Nr. 116
13 June 2000
Amnesty International's initial comments on the review by the
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia of NATO's
Operation Allied Force
The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) has
published today the Final Report to the Prosecutor by the Committee
Established to Review the NATO Bombing Campaign Against the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia. The report examines general issues and five
specific incidents and recommends to the ICTY Prosecutor not to commence
a criminal investigation "in relation to the NATO bombing campaign or
incidents occurring during the campaign" (para 91).
Ms Carla Del Ponte, ICTY's Prosecutor, informed the United Nations'
Security Council on 2 June 2000 that she had decided to accept this
recommendation. She specifies that although some mistakes were made by
NATO, "the Prosecutor is satisfied that there was no deliberate
targeting of civilians or unlawful military targets by NATO during the
campaign".
Amnesty International has received a copy of the 45-page ICTY report and
is examining it carefully. All five incidents examined in the report by
ICTY's review committee were included in the Amnesty International
report, Collateral Damage or Unlawful Killings?, Violations of the Laws
of War by NATO during Operation Allied Force, published last week (AI
Index: EUR 70/18/00).
Amnesty International welcomes the unusual publication by the ICTY of
the reasoning behind the decision not to open an investigation related
to NATO's bombing campaign. The organization believes that this step
contributes greatly to the Tribunal's transparency, offering important
perspectives on the interpretation of the laws of war.
Amnesty International also respects the discretion enjoyed by the ICTY's
Prosecutor in deciding whether or not to open criminal investigations.
The organization understands that, as with other cases, the Prosecutor
may still decide to open an investigation into the NATO bombing should
additional relevant information become available.
Amnesty International notes that the report of the ICTY assessment
indicates that when NATO was requested "to answer specific questions
about specific incidents, the NATO reply was couched in general terms
and failed to address the specific incidents." The report also points
out that the "committee has not spoken to those involved in directing or
carrying out the bombing campaign". These facts must have contributed to
the information gaps that the committee itself acknowledges in its
report. Amnesty International also notes the following overall
conclusion of the review committee (para 90):
"NATO has admitted that mistakes did occur during the bombing campaign;
errors of judgment may also have occurred. Selection of certain
objectives for attack may be subject to legal debate. On the basis of
the information reviewed, however, the committee is of the opinion that
neither an in-depth investigation related to the bombing campaign as a
whole nor investigations related to specific incidents are justified. In
all cases, either the law is not sufficiently clear or investigations
are unlikely to result in the acquisition of sufficient evidence to
substantiate charges against high level accused or against lower accused
for particularly heinous offences."
The report does not explain what difficulties are envisaged by the
Office of the Prosecutor in gathering sufficient evidence against any
NATO or NATO member state official.
With regard to the bombing of the headquarters and studios of Serbian
state television and radio (Radio Televisija Srbije, RTS) in Belgrade on
23 April 1999, the report states (para 76):
"The committee finds that if the attack on the RTS was justified by
reference to its propaganda purpose alone, its legality might well be
questioned by some experts in the field of international humanitarian
law. It appears, however, that NATO's targeting of the RTS building for
propaganda purposes was an incidental (albeit complementary) aim of its
primary goal of disabling the Serbian military command and control
system and to destroy the nerve system and apparatus that keeps
Milosevic in power."
Earlier (para 55) the report made the following observation regarding
the role of the media in general:
"The media as such is not a traditional target category. To the extent
particular media components are part of the C3 (command, control and
communications) network they are military objectives. If media
components are not part of the C3 network then they may become military
objectives depending upon their use. As a bottom line, civilians,
civilian objects and civilian morale as such are not legitimate military
objectives. The media does have an effect on civilian morale. If that
effect is merely to foster support for the war effort, the media is not
a legitimate military objective. If the media is used to incite crimes,
as in Rwanda, it can become a legitimate military objective. If the
media is the nerve system that keeps a war-monger in power and thus
perpetuates the war effort, it may fall within the definition of a
legitimate military objective."
Amnesty International reiterates that the explanation it sought and
received by NATO regarding the attack on the RTS headquarters was that
the attack was carried out because the RTS was a propaganda organ. In a
letter to Amnesty International dated 17 May 1999 and quoted in ICTY's
report (para 73), NATO's then Secretary General Javier Solana said that
NATO made "every possible effort to avoid civilian casualties and
collateral damage by exclusively and carefully targeting the military
infrastructure of President Milocevic", adding that the RTS facilities
"are being used as radio relay stations and transmitters to support the
activities of the FRY military and special police forces, and therefore
they represented legitimate military targets". However, as also
indicated in the Amnesty International report published last week, at a
meeting with Amnesty International in Brussels on 14 February 2000 NATO
officials clarified that this reference to relay stations and
transmitters was to other attacks on RTS infrastructure and not this
particular attack on the RTS headquarters. They insisted that the attack
on the RTS headquarters was carried out because RTS was a propaganda
organ and argued that propaganda is direct support for military action.
The point relating to propaganda has been made repeatedly, most recently
by General Wesley Clark, Supreme Allied Commander in Europe at the time
of Operation Allied Force. In an address at the Brookings Institution on
8 June 2000 he is quoted as saying:
"I noticed on the news today there is criticism of the attack on the
Serb media. Well, of course, that was a controversial target. But the
Serb media engine was feeding the war. It was a crucial instrument of
Milosevic's control over the Serb population. And it exported fear,
hatred and instability into neighbouring regions. And so it was a
legitimate target of war, validated by lawyers in many countries and
validated by the International Criminal Tribunal. But it sure eased our
minds a lot to know that our elected political leaders took the
responsibility for that strike."
As explained in its report last week, Amnesty International recognizes
that disrupting government propaganda may help to undermine the morale
of the population and the armed forces. However, the organization
believes that justifying an attack on such grounds stretches the meaning
of "effective contribution to military action" and "definite military
advantage" -- essential requirements of the definition of a military
objective -- beyond the acceptable bounds of interpretation. As such,
Amnesty International takes the view that the attack on the RTS
headquarters was directed at a civilian object and points out that
"[I]ntentionally directing attacks against civilian objects" is a war
crime under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
Amnesty International regrets the lack of full cooperation by NATO in
resposnding to ICTY's inquiries. The organization stresses that the fact
that the ICTY Prosecutor has decided not to open a criminal
investigation against NATO should not lead NATO to ignore the detailed
and nuanced contents of the ICTY report, or dismiss recommendations made
by Amnesty International and other organizations.
Amnesty International calls again on NATO and NATO member states to heed
the recommendations it made in its report published last week, including
the need for all NATO member states to ratify without reservations
Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949; ensure a common
interpretation of international humanitarian law in line with the
highest international standards; reflect these standards in NATO's rules
of engagement; and clarify NATO's chain of command, so as to ensure
clear lines of responsibility.
NATO and NATO member states should also conduct their own investigation
into reported breaches of the rules of war during Operation Allied
Force, whether or not they may amount to war crimes, so as to take
appropriate measures against anyone found responsible, provide redress,
including compensation, to victims of such violations, and learn lessons
for the future. ...
ENDS.../
Amnesty International, International Secretariat, 1 Easton Street,
WC1X 8DJ, London, United Kingdom
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---
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/indexe.htm
The Emperor's New Clothes
Louise Arbour: Unindicted War Criminal
by Christopher Black and Edward S. Herman (6-14-00)
Among the many ironies of the NATO war against Yugoslavia was the role
of the International Criminal Tribunal and its chief prosecutor, Louise
Arbour, elevated by Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien to Canada's
highest court in 1999. It will be argued here that as Arbour and her
Tribunal played a key role in EXPEDITING war crimes, an excellent case
can be made that in a just world she would be in the dock rather than in
judicial robes.
Arbour To NATO's Rescue
In the midst of NATO's 78-day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia,
Arbour participated in an April 20 press conference with British Foreign
Secretary Robin Cook to receive from him documentation on Serb war
crimes. Then on May 27, Arbour announced the indictment of Serb
President Slobodan Milosevic and four of his associates for war crimes.
The inappropriateness of a supposedly judicial body doing this when
Germany, Russia and other powers were trying to find a diplomatic
resolution to the conflict, was staggering.
At the April 20 appearance with Cook, Arbour stated that
"It is inconceivable...that we would agree to be guided by the political
will of those who may want to advance an agenda."
But her appearance with Cook and the followup indictments fitted
perfectly the needs of the NATO leadership. There had been growing
criticism of NATO's increasingly civilian infrastructure-oriented
bombing of Serbia. Arbour's and the Tribunal's intervention declaring
the Serb leadership to be guilty of war crimes was a public relations
coup that justified the NATO policies and helped permit the bombing to
continue and escalate. This was pointed out repeatedly by NATO leaders
and propagandists: for example, Madeleine Albright noted that the
indictments
"make very clear to the world and the publics in our countries that this
[NATO policy] is justified because of the crimes committed, and I think
also will enable us to keep moving all these processes [i.e., bombing]
forward" (CNN, May 27).
Arbour herself noted that "I am mindful of the impact that this
indictment may have on the peace process," and although indicted
individuals are "entitled to the presumption of innocence until they are
convicted, the evidence upon which this indictment was confirmed raises
serious questions about their suitability to be guarantors of any deal,
let alone a peace agreement." (CNN, May 27). So Arbour not only
understood the political significance of her indictment, she suggested
that interference with diplomatic efforts was justified because the
indicted individuals, though not yet found guilty, were not suitable to
negotiate. This hugely unjudicial political judgment, along with the
convenient timing of the indictments, points up Arbour's and the
Tribunal's highly political role.
The Tribunal's Politicization
Arbour's service to NATO in indicting Milosevic was the logical outcome
of the Tribunal's de facto control and purpose. Established by the
Security Council in the early 1990s to serve the Balkan policy ends of
its dominant members, the Tribunal's funding and interlocking functional
relationship with the leading NATO powers have made it NATO's
instrument. (1)
Although Article 32 of the Tribunal's Charter declares that its expenses
shall be provided in the general budget of the United Nations, this
proviso has been regularly violated. In 1994-1995 the U.S. government
provided it with $700,000 in cash and $2.3 million in equipment, and
numerous other U.S.-based governmental and non- governmental agencies
have provided the Tribunal with resources.
Article 16 of the Tribunal's charter states that the Prosecutor shall
act independently and shall not seek or receive instruction from any
government. This section also has been systematically violated. NATO
sources have regularly made claims suggesting their authority over the
Tribunal: "We will make a decision on whether Yugoslav actions against
ethnic Albanians constitute genocide," states a USIA Fact Sheet, and
Cook asserted at his April 20 press conference with Arbour that "we are
going to focus on the war crimes being committed in Kosovo and our
determination to bring those responsible to justice, " as if he and
Arbour were a team jointly deciding on who should be charged for war
crimes.
Tribunal officials have even bragged about "the strong support of
concerned governments and dedicated individuals such as Secretary
Albright," further referred to as "mother of the Tribunal" (by Judge
Gabrielle Kirk McDonald, president of the Tribunal). In 1996 Arbour met
with the Secretary-General of NATO and its supreme commander to
"establish contacts and begin discussing modalities of cooperation and
assistance." Numerous other meetings have occurred between prosecutor
and NATO, which was given the function of Tribunal gendarme.
Arbour acknowleged (April 20) that "the real danger is whether we would
fall into [following somebody's political agenda] inadvertently by being
in the hands of information-providers who might have an agenda that we
would not be able to discern." But even an imbecile could discern that
NATO had an agenda and that simply accepting the flood of documents
offered by Cook and Albright entailed ADVERTENTLY following that agenda.
Arbour's April 20 reference to the "morality of the [NATO] enterprise"
and her remarks on Milosevic's possible lack of character disqualifying
him from negotiations, as well as her rush to help NATO with an
indictment, point to quite clearly understood political service.
The Arbour-Tribunal bias was dramatically illustrated by the disposition
of an internal Tribunal report on Operation Storm, which described war
crimes committed by the Croatian armed forces in their expulsion of more
than 200,000 Serbs from Krajina in August 1995. (6) In only four days
"at least 150 Serbs were summarily executed, and many hundreds
disappeared," totals that exceeded the 241 victims of the Serbs named in
the indictment of Milosevic. But as the United States supported the
Croat's ethnic cleansing of Serbs in Krajina, and refused to provide
requested information, no indictment of any Croat officer named in the
report, or head of state Tudjman, was ever brought by the Tribunal.
Tribunal's Kangaroo Court Processes
According to Arbour, the Tribunal was "subject to extremely stringent
rules of evidence with respect to the admissibility and the credibility
of the product that we will tender in court," thus precluding
"unsubstantiated, unverifiable, uncorroborated allegations" (April 20).
This is a gross misrepresentation of what John Laughland described in
the Times (London) as "a rogue court with rigged rules" (June 17, 1999).
The Tribunal violates virtually every standard of due process: among
others, it fails to separate prosecution and judge; witnesses can
testify anonymously; confessions are presumed free and voluntary unless
the contrary can be established by the prisoner; and "rules against
hearsay, deeply entrenched in Common Law, are not observed and the
Prosecutor's office has even suggested not calling witnesses to give
evidence but only the tribunal's own 'war crimes investigators'"
(Laughland).
As noted, Arbour presumes guilt before trial; the concept of "innocent
till convicted" is rejected, and she can declare that people linked with
Arkan "will be tainted by their association with an indicted war
criminal" (March 31). Arbour clearly does not believe in the basic rules
of Western jurisprudence. And within a month of her elevation to the
Canadian Supreme Court she joined a court majority that grafted onto
Canadian law the dangerous Tribunal practice of permitting a more
liberal use of hearsay evidence in trials. (2) The consequent corruption
of the Canadian justice system, both by her appointment and her impact,
mirrors that in the Canadian political system, whose leading members
supported the NATO war without question.
NATO's Crimes
In bombing Yugoslavia from March 24 to June 8 1999, NATO violated the UN
Charter requirement that it not use force without UN Security Council
sanction. (3) It was also guilty of aggression in attacking a sovereign
state that was not going beyond its borders. In its defense, NATO
claimed that "humanitarian" concerns demanded these actions and
justified seemingly serious law violations. (4) This reply sanctions law
violations on the basis of self-serving judgments that contradict the
rule of law, but it is also dubious on its own grounds. The NATO bombing
made "an internal humanitarian problem into a disaster" in the words of
Rollie Keith, the returned Canadian OSCE human rights monitor in Kosovo.
Furthermore, NATO refused to negotiate a settlement in Kosovo and
insisted on a violent solution; in the words of one State Department
official, NATO deliberately "raised the bar" and precluded a compromise
resolution because Serbia "needed to be bombed." These counter- facts
suggest that the alleged humanitarian basis of the law violations was a
cover for starkly political and geopolitical objectives.
NATO was also guilty of more traditional war crimes, including some that
the Tribunal had found indictable when [allegeldy] carried out by Serbs.
Thus on March 8, 1996, the Serb leader Milan Martic was indicted for
[allegeldy] launching a rocket cluster-bomb attack on military targets
in Zagreb in May 1995, on the ground that the rocket was "not designed
to hit military targets but to terrorize the civilians of Zagreb." But
the same case could be made for numerous NATO bombing raids, as in the
cluster-bombing of Nis on May 7, 1999, in which a market and hospital
far from any military target were hit in separate strikes--but no
indictment has yet been handed down against NATO.
But NATO was also guilty of bombing non-military targets as systematic
policy. On March 26, 1999, General Wesley Clark said that "We are going
to very systematically and progressively work on his military
forces...[to see] how much pain he is willing to suffer." But this focus
on "military forces" wasn't effective, so NATO quickly turned to "taking
down...the economic apparatus supporting" Serb military forces
(Clinton's words); targets were gradually extended to factories of all
kinds, electric power stations, water and sewage processing facilities,
transport, public buildings, and even schools and hospitals. In effect,
it was NATO's strategy to bring Serbia to its knees by gradually
escalating its attacks on the civil society.
But international law makes civilian targets off limits; the "wanton
destruction of cities, towns or villages or devastation not justified by
military necessity" is prohibited (Sixth Principle of Nuremberg,
formulated in 1950 by a UN-sponsored international law commission).
"Military necessity" does not allow the destruction of a civil society
to make it more difficult for the country to support its armed forces,
any more than civilians can be killed directly because they pay taxes
supporting the war machine or might some day become soldiers. Making an
entire population a hostage is a blatant violation of international law
and its implementing acts are war crimes.
In December 1999, it was finally reported that post-Arbour prosecutor
Carla Del Ponte was reviewing the conduct of NATO, at the urging of
Russia and several other "interested parties" ("U.N. Court Examines
NATO's Yugoslavia War," NYT, Dec. 29, 1999). But the news report
indicates that the focus is on the conduct of NATO pilots and their
commanders, not the NATO decision-makers who decided to target the
civilian infrastructure. It also suggests the public relations nature of
the inquiry, which would "go far in dispelling the belief...that the
tribunal is a tool used by Western leaders to escape accountability."
The report also indicates the delicate matter that the tribunal "depends
on the military alliance to arrest and hand over suspects." It also
quotes Del Ponte saying that "It's not my priority, because I have
inquiries about genocide, about bodies in mass graves." We may rest
assured that no indictments will result from this inquiry.
Beyond Orwell
NATO's leaders, frustrated in attacking the Serb military machine, quite
openly turned to smashing the civil society of Serbia as their means of
attaining the desired quick victory. Arbour and the Tribunal helped NATO
by indicting Milosevic, thereby giving NATO the moral cover needed for
escalated attacks on the hostage population.
Arbour and the Tribunal thus present us with the amazing spectacle of an
institution supposedly organized to contain, prevent, and prosecute for
war crimes actually knowingly facilitating them. Furthermore, petitions
submitted to the Tribunal during Arbour's tenure had called for
prosecution of the leaders of NATO, including Canadian Prime Minister
Jean Chretien, for the commission of war crimes. If she had been a
prosecutor in Canada, Britain or the United States, she would have been
subject to disbarment for considering and then accepting a job from a
person she had been asked to charge. But Arbour was elevated to the
Supreme Court of Canada by Chretien with hardly a mention of this
conflict of interest and immorality. **
About the authors...
Christopher Black (5) is part of the team of Canadian lawyers who have
attempted to bring war crimes charges against NATO before the War Crimes
Tribunal. At present, Mr. Black is serving as the attorney for one of
the defendant at the Rwandan war crimes hearings. He believes that
Western meddling is in large measure responsible for the horrendous
killing in Rwanda. He plans to write an article for Emperors-Clothes on
the subject.
Edward S. Herman is the author of many books including 'Real Terror
Network: Terrorism in Fact and Propaganda' (June 1998) and 'Triumph of
the Market: Essays on Economics, Politics, and the Media' (October
1995).
Further reading...
(1) See Money Talks - US Funds ICTY Public Relations at
http://emperors-clothes.com/news/press.htm
(2) Back to the dark ages by Jared Israel at
http://emperors-clothes.com/articles/jared/bac.htm
(3) See NATO's War & World Security by Prof. Raju G. C. Thomas at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/analysis/security.htm
(4) See HUMANITARIAN WAR: Making the Crime Fit the Punishment by Diana
Johnstone at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/Johnstone/crime.htm
(5) See An Impartial Tribunal? Really? by Christopher Black at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/analysis/Impartial.htm
(6)See Conditions of Serbs in Croatia, by Alice Mahon, MP at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/mahon/croatia.htm
---
>Tribunal Watch archives are on-line at:
>http://listserv.acsu.buffalo.edu/archives/
>==========================================
>
>CANA (Christians Against NATO Aggression)
>Statement from William Spring, Director
>
>CARLA DEL PONTE SHOULD RESIGN AS WAR CRIMES PROSECUTOR
>
>Carla del Ponte should resign as war crimes prosecutor for the Hague
>Tribunal responsible for War Crimes in the area of the Former Yugoslavia.
>She has brought international law into disrepute by her decision announced
>to the Security Council June 2nd not to prosecute NATO leaders for war
>crimes committed by NATO forces in relation to the illegal military attack
>on Yugoslavia last year.
>
>Thomas Fuller, as quoted by the late Lord Denning, Master of the Rolls,
>said: "whoever you are the law is above you." In effect Carla del Ponte has
>put NATO civilian & military leaders beyond the law - has given them
>immunity to engage in whatever criminal action they like. A disgrace to
>the legal profession she should be replaced forthwith by the UN Secretary
>General.
>
>Her investigation into allegations made, not only by the Russian, Yugoslav
>& Chinese Governments concerning NATO war crimes, but also by ordinary
>people across the world, (in which I include CANA, as we detailed specific
>NATO atrocities in a dossier sent to her January 28th this year) was at
>best cursory; at worst her inaction can be interpreted as the frantic
>manoeuvrings of a mafia judge eager to please her mafia paymasters.
>Someone should do an investigation into the War Crimes Tribunal & her
>role, & that of of her predecessor, Ms Arbour. How is this body financed?
>Is it a legal entity? Does the UN Charter allow for new Institutions to be
>created simply on the say so of the Security Council?
>
>What has happened is a juridical nightmare; a nominally independent
>prosecutor, who in fact is leaned on, & responds to pressure from
>representatives of whatever coalition of powers happens to hold most
>influence in the Security Council at any one time.
>
>Her willingness to receive Jamie Shea, & Robin Cook, in her office at the
>Hague, while still theoretically engaged in an investigation as to whether
>NATO had committed war crimes was reprehensible, indicating collusion &
>undue influence. She should have had the courage to stand up to gangsters
>who 'fix' international Courts in the same way as Clinton fixed Congress to
>avoid impeachment.
>
>Her Office wrote to me 15th March stating "aerial warfare is a complex
>area of military international law involving difficult issues of targeting
>& execution." That may be so, but is not an excuse to duck the moral
>questions involved. The Prosecutor gets NATO off the hook by saying she is
>not satisfied there was 'intent' on the part of the NATO authorities to
>cause civilian casualties, which misses the point entirely: all deaths
>caused by those responsible for a war of aggression, whether they be
>military or civilian, are unlawful homicides, & it's not necessary to prove
>intent for every act which flowed from the decision to engage in aggressive
>war. But in the 15th March letter Gavin Ruxton said "The Prosecutor has no
>locus to consider the lawfulness or otherwise of the NATO decision to
>launch its air campaign": which means the Tribunal is disqualified from
>making any finding acquitting NATO of war crimes. (There is of course
>unambiguous evidence of NATO's intent to cause civilian casualties.)
>
>___________________________________________________________________________
___
>For further info tel 02088022144 cana@... also diarise
>House of Lords Cttee Room 4 12 noon 28th June 2000 Press Conference by
>Justin/Cana/Planning for Peace
>
>===========================================================================
=
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> In your message, type in the command: SIGNOFF TWATCH-L
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>To resubscribe to TW, send this message to the same address: SUBSCRIBE
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---
From: Herman de Tollenaere <hermantl@...>
To: right-left@...,Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.;,
Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.
Subject: 9 June Amsterdam: report on Dutch ministers on trial for NATO
bombing
Date: Sat, 10 Jun 2000 00:24:20 +0200
[Unofficial report, hastily written by a non-lawyer]
On Friday 9 June, at the "Paleis van Justitie" [court house] in
Amsterdam,
Dutch Government Ministers were on trial for the NATO bombing of
Yugoslavia
in 1999.
As I walk to the court house, posters of a beer brand proclaim
"Yugoslavs
like our drink". Maybe, like people in Colombia or in Sierra Leone. All
these people, however, might think one drinks more safely if there is
less
chance of dying by a bomb or other weapon made in a NATO country.
Opening
headline of the day of daily De Volkskrant: the Dutch UN representative
says
that the Netherlands armed forces should get over their Balkans trauma
by
sending a thousand soldiers to Sierra Leone. The British NATO allies
would
like that. Might the Dutch soldiers not find out too late they go there,
like to the Balkans, not really for peace; but maybe for British diamond
millionaires, fighting out their conflict with French diamond
millionaires
at the cost of lives of European soldiers and [especially] African
soldiers,
including child soldiers, and civilians? Remember racism and escalating
violence, when troops from NATO countries were supposed to bring peace
to
Somalia?
Police had not allowed a demonstration, which would have started at 10
o'clock. The case starts 11 o'clock at the "Paleis van Justitie",
Prinsengracht 434 in Amsterdam. Long before the start, people gather
outside. Pro peace leaflets change hands. A big banner goes aloft: NATO
OUT
OF THE BALKANS. It is held by a local anti war committee member, and by
a
twentyish Amsterdam university student. She is here with others of De
Socialist magazine, also present at earlier peace demonstrations.
Celine is there as well. Though more than fifty-five years ago, the Nazi
occupiers of The Netherlands put her in a camp, today she still fights
against racism and war. She is of De Anti Fascist. This is the magazine
of
the Bond van Anti Fascisten [Anti Fascist League], founded by ex members
of
the 1940-1945 resistance against German Nazi occupation. Later, younger
fighters against present day racism and other forms of discrimination
joined. The Anti Fascist League is a main source making it financially
possible to have this case: as the Yugoslav plaintiffs are very poor,
having
often lost jobs and everything by the war.
Speaking of media: a TV crew of the local [multicultural] Amsterdam TV
records the scene outside and the court case inside. Radio The
Netherlands
World Broadcasting is there; as are correspondents of De Volkskrant and
Bosnian media. Yesterday, an article in Ganashakti daily, all the way in
India, told its readers of the case.
In 1999, 29 citizens of Yugoslavia, victims of the bombs, started this
civil
court case against Ministers Kok [Prime Minister], Van Aartsen [Foreign
Affairs], and De Grave [Defense]. In May/June 1999, the judge did not
grant
their request for summary proceedings. However, he also did not throw
out
the case, as pro-war politicians might have liked. Similar court cases
are
on their way in other NATO countries; though often, in these countries
the
legal system works a little slower, or is more expensive for plaintiffs,
than in The Netherlands. In The Netherlands, there are now also cases
against the State [so, not against ministers individually, like in this
case]; other Dutch civil cases against individuals; and World Court
cases
for violation of UN Charter point 2 sub 4, against military aggression.
In a
few months' time, the case brought by surviving families of the bombed
Belgrade television studio crew members will start in The Netherlands.
Before a full big court room, Mr Van Schendel, court president, first
arranges for the media representatives' reporting. Then, he calls upon
the
bombs victims' lawyers to speak. He grants them one hour. As twenty
minutes
is usual for lawyers in civil cases, this indicates some sense of the
juridical importance of this case.
These lawyers are Mr Steijnen and Mr Olof, of Juristen voor de Vrede
[Lawyers for Peace] and the Permanente Commissie [Permanent Legal
Commission
against Dutch War Crimes]. Lawyers for Peace have a long history of
legal
challenges to the Dutch government for allowing NATO nuclear weapons in
The
Netherlands [officially, the people are not allowed to know whether the
nuclear weapons are there or not].
Mr Olof pointed out NATO's war was against the United Nations charter
and
international law. Mr Steijnen pointed out that the Dutch government,
like
NATO, claims NATO's targets were all military. The civilian victims
supposedly were "collateral damage". Really? asked Mr Steijnen. NATO
destroyed fifty churches and monasteries, over three hundred schools;
many
bridges unsuited for military vehicles; buses; passenger trains; TV
studios;
cigarette factories; 100% of chemical industry and 100% of agricultural
fertilizer industry in Yugoslavia; even apart from depleted uranium
ammunition radiation, creating enormous environmental damage. NATO used
cluster bombs.
Conservative pro NATO estimates say 1000 civilians died, 6000 were
wounded.
The MEAT report of the United States Air Force, quoted by Newsweek and
others, says all the weeks of air war destroyed 14 Yugoslav tanks, 18
armed
vehicles, 20 pieces of artillery. If we base ourselves on the
conservative
estimate of civilian victims: then, 70 civilians died for every Yugoslav
tank. Would it not be more accurate to say civilians and civilian
targets
were the real targets, and the damage against Yugoslav army vehicles and
artillery really was "collateral" damage? NATO leaders themselves
basically
admitted this [eg, when asked: why did the Yugoslav government finally
admit NATO troops in Kosovo? Eg, General Short said on BBC television
the
first target [to his regret, only destroyed later] should have been the
"rock and roll bridge" in Belgrade, where young people had concerts
against
the bombing].
Concluding, Mr Steijnen named three random examples of the plaintiffs.
One
worked as a car mechanic in Montenegro. The war started; very worried
about
his family in Belgrade, he went there, and parked his car. NATO bombs
fell
and destroyed the car. This loss meant also the loss of his mechanic's
job.
Now, he has nothing.
Another plaintiff worked in a small businessman's garage. A bomb
destroyed
the garage and the cars in it. Now, the employer is jobless and hungry.
So
is the employee.
A third example: this man used to work in a metal working factory. Bombs
totally destroyed the factory. Like its other 8000 workers, now he is
jobless.
For the ministers, Mr Houtzagers spoke. He quoted from a political
government statement, claiming NATO became involved as it worried about
stability of Albania and Macedonia [both non NATO members; and how did
the
war 'help stability' of these countries, let alone of Kosovo? Mr
Steijnen
replied]. And 'Yugoslavia had refused to negotiate seriously in
Rambouillet
[and how about NATO's proposed Appendix B, amounting to de facto
occupation
of all Yugoslavia?]'. Repeatedly interrupted by judges' critical
questions,
Mr Houtzagers talked about the legal base for the NATO attack. He
admitted
that UN Resolution 1199 was not such a legal base; nevertheless, the
government used it as justification. Mr Steijnen pointed out that only
one
member of the Dutch parliament, Mr Van Middelkoop, had known about
Resolution 1199. So, then, how about democratic control by parliament on
whether The Netherlands were at war or not [not even Prime Minister Kok
knew
when the bombing started]?
Mr Houtzagers also said the ministers could not be sued, 'as they had
acted
as organs of the State'. In reply, Mr Steijnen pointed out that at the
1945
Nuremberg trials, the court had rejected such a defense. *Individuals*
commit war crimes. The Nuremburg decisions are important in
international
law; though in its defence the Dutch government now more or less tries
to
dismiss them. They were part of the precedents claimed, by, for
instance,
the 1993 establishment of the court on Yugoslavia in The Hague. Mr
Steijnen
said: "How would a court react to General Pinochet claiming he had not
been
an individual, only '"an organ of the state"?
To the argument: "the war is over now, so the plaintiffs have no case
anymore. [Two of the plaintiffs last year complained, as the war had
made
them join the Yugoslav army as conscripts, thus putting them in danger
involuntarily]", Mr Steijnen replied the plaintiffs still were in
danger,
also if they would all continue to be civilians as at the moment; as
there
was only a cease fire, not peace. If one listens today to Dutch and
other
NATO leaders they may not yet have learned not to start a similar war
again
against Yugoslavia [or against another country].
President Van Schendel concluded the session by saying that the court
decision will, in principle, become public at 6 July, at 11.30 in the
same
court house. However, Mr Van Schendel left open the possibility that the
court would need more time for the legal complexities of the case; then,
the
verdict would be later.
Even if Lawyers for Peace lose the case in Amsterdam, they will appeal,
all
the way up to the European Court.
After the court case, Mr Houtzagers, contrary to the bombs victims'
lawyers,
refused to answer media questions. Later that day, there was a meeting.
Other Dutch ministers may also face civil cases. So may F16 pilots. So
may
pro-war Members of Parliament like Mr Blaauw of the ["Rightist Liberal"]
VVD
government party: Blaauw, during the Balkan war, talked of glorious
profit
opportunities for Dutch construction millionaires in Kosovo, after the
NATO
bombs would have done their job. Mr Blaauw is also a leader of the Press
Now
organization; officially for 'independent' [in fact, NATOish] media in
the
Balkans. Maybe, also a civil case by people hurt by the bombs, against
Mr De
Hoop Scheffer of the ["Christian Democrat"] CDA [very pro bombing,
though
officially in opposition].
And, maybe also civil damages claims against Marcel Rüter, businessman,
and
leader of the extreme Rightist Voorpost ["Vanguard"] movement, not
represented in government or parliament, which made pro bombing
propaganda.
Mr Rüter is an ex leader of the Centrumpartij'86, members of which used
to
rally for Adolf Hitler and his deputy, Rudolf Hess. Used to, *as
Centrumpartij'86 people*; because a few years ago, the courts banned
this
party for racism; after members had gone to jail for violence. In 1999
Voorpost tried a political comeback on the wave of pro-war and
anti-Serb-anti-Roma-and-anti-other-foreigner propaganda in the 'popular'
media. Maybe an opportunity for the Anti Fascist League to figuratively
"kill the two birds, of war and racism, with one stone"?
Best wishes,
Herman de Tollenaere
---
http://www.counterpunch.com
CounterPunch [Originally published at Swans: http://www.swans.com]
June 4, 2000
An Impartial Tribunal, Really?
By Christopher Black
-
http://www.serbianna.com/dorich/stories/00_06_09.html
The Road To Hell Is Paved With Good Intentions
By William Dorich
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
EMBARGO CONTRO IL POPOLO IRACHENO:
L'ITALIA "NON PUO' FAR NULLA"?!?
Si è svolto oggi (13/6) alla Camera dei Deputati la discussione generale
sulle mozioni per la revoca dell'embargo all'Iraq.
La petizione "per la dissocizione italiana dll'embargo" è stata
annunciata in aula e l'On Cento ha letto un intervento a
nome dei firmatari della petizione.
Gli intervenuti (il dibattito integrale si può leggere sul sito della
camera www.camera.it) si sono unanimemente espressi
per la revoca delle sanzioni all'Iraq.
Il sottosegretario Intini, invece, nella sostanza ha sostenuto che
l'Italia non può far nulla senza un preventivo consenso
europeo (cioè mai, vista la posizione inglese) e senza la integrale
applicazione delle risoluzioni Onu, rimettendosi quindi
nelle mani degli Stati Uniti. Negando così ancora una volta le
responsablità italiane.
Per ora i testi delle mozioni presentate si limitano a impegnare il
Governo ad operare per la revoca delle sanzioni e, vista
la posizione espressa da Intini, si rischia ancora di avere una
risoluzione senza conseguenze.
Invitiamo tutti a mantenere la pressione sul Parlamento inviando a
posta@... e-mail con oggetto "Cari
deputati" che saranno redirette verso tuttii deputati.
campagna Rompere l'embargo
---
MILANO
Sabato 17 giugno 2000
alle ore 15
presso la libreria esoterica ecumenica Falcone
di piazza Missori, Milano
Il Prof. Marco Aurelio Rivelli
si incontrerà con il pubblico per parlare del suo libro “
L'ARCIVESCOVO DEL GENOCIDIO
sul “beato” Stepinac.
Il 28 giugno l’autore sarà in Grecia per presentare l’edizione greca di
questo libro.
Prossimamente entra in stampa il nuovo libro su Pio XII e le
responsabilità della Chiesa nei genocidi (nei vari paesi europei)
durante la Seconda guerra mondiale.
---
TORINO
CENA BENEFIT PER L'OSPEDALE DI KRAGUJEVAC
23 GIUGNO 2000 ORE 20
CSOA ASKATASUNA TORINO
Il coordinamento Torinese per la Jugoslavia sta organizzando per la
serata
del 23 giugno una cena jugoslava, destinando i proventi alla raccolta di
fondi necessari per l'acquisto di medicinali destinati all'ospedale
"KBG" di
Kragujevac.
Durante la serata saranno proiettati video documentari sulla situazione
in
Jugoslavia.
Chi ha intenzione di partecipare alla serata benefit è pregato di
prenotare
telefonando a Flavio 0338 1755563 o via e-mail a
lamonaca@...
entro il 19 giugno alle ore 12.
I disoccupati e gli studenti sottoscriveranno una quota di £ 15.000,
tutti
gli altri £ 25000.
L'ospedale di Kragujevac assiste malati di tutta la regione della
Sumadia e
delle regioni intorno; oggi dopo le devastazioni criminali della NATO,
l'ospedale cura circa 2.000.000 di malati, solo per pediatria e
oncologia.
A questa popolazione si sono aggiunti circa 20.000 profughi dal Kosovo
che
vanno a sommarsi alle decine di migliaia di profughi provenienti da
Croazia
e Bosnia.
Gli effetti devastanti dei bombardamenti su obiettivi civili, sulle
industrie chimiche hanno incrementato esponenzialmente i tumori della
pelle
e i calcinomi uterini e mammellari, oltre ai disturbi psichici e
nervosi, ma
anche febbri e problemi gastro intestinali.
A questi problemi si aggiunge il criminale embargo e le sanzioni contro
la
Jugoslavia: negli ospedali mancano ormai tutti i tipi di medicinali e
soprattutto anestetici, citostatici, antibiotici e medicine per la
psichiatria e la pediatria.
Torino 12 giugno 2000
COORDINAMENTO TORINESE PER LA JUGOSLAVIA
---
CAMPO ANTIMPERIALISTA
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/281?&start=252
Piccola rettifica di ordine amministrativo
Molti compagni ci hanno inviato dei messaggi facendoci notare un errore
contenuto nel
nostro comunicato di ieri.
In effetti, indicando il conto corrente postale n.12134623 intestato al
centro Studi P. Tresso
su cui fare il versamento per la prenotazione abbiamo omesso di indicare
il recapito del C/C
stesso.
Chi effettuasse il versamento deve compilare il modulo postale come
segue:
Conto Corrente Postale n.12134623 intestato al centro Studi P.
Tresso
Casella Postale 43 - 06034 Foligno (PG)
Ce ne scusiamo coi lettori.
Il Comitato Organizzativo del Campo.
---
BARI
Most za Beograd - Un ponte per Belgrado in terra di Bari
Associazione culturale di solidarietà con la popolazione jugoslava
c/o RdB, via M. Cristina di Savoia 40, BARI. e-mail: ponte@...
mercoledì 21 giugno ore 17.00
Facoltà di Lingue
via Garruba 4 Bari
Jugoslavia 2000. Quale situazione? Quali prospettive?
Relazioni e interventi di:
Ugo Villani, ordinario di diritto internazionale - Università di Bari:
L'ONU e la crisi del Kosovo un anno dopo
Dragan Mraovic, console capo della Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia a
Bari: La Serbia, tra ricostruzione ed embargo
Intermezzo recitato a cura dell'associazione teatrale Grammelot di
Molfetta
- Le 15 bugie di Jamie Shea
- Gott mit uns: il monologo di Wesley Clark
- Carla dei miracoli alla corte dell'Aja
Jasna Tkalec, redattrice della rivista Hrvatska Ljevica (sinistra
croata): Croazia: la pesante eredità dell'era Tudjman e le prospettive
future
Nico Perrone, docente di Storia contemporanea - Università di Bari
Giuseppe Belviso, giornalista e telecineoperatore di RAI 3
coordina Andrea Catone, dell'associazione Most za Beograd
---
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
"Senza Censura"
Per rilanciare il dibattito su repressione e carcere
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
Sommario n.2/2000:
- Mumia Abu-Jamal:
L'irragionevolezza del caso.
Dal Braccio della Morte!
Tributo ad Albert "Nuh" Washington
Dal carcere di Novara, per Mumia
- Strategia della Controrivoluzione
L'U.E. grande potenza
Adriatico: avamposto permanente per la guerra nei Balcani
Il Montenegro
Ad un anno dalla guerra
Il punto di vista della controrivoluzione
- Ristrutturazione e Controllo:
Repressione e mondo del lavoro
Ristrutturazione e processo penale
"Nuove" tecniche di controllo
Il grande fratello
Trasporti e diritto di sciopero
Legge e ordine "made in U.s.a."
- Repressione e Lotte:
Il caos come normalità (cronologia ragionata)
L'editoriale:
Questo secondo numero, uscito secondo la tabella di marcia che prevede
Senza
Censura in distribuzione ogni quattro mesi, lo presentiamo ai lettori
con
particolare soddisfazione.
Come tutte le scommesse (editoriali e non) la seconda uscita e' un po'
la
cartina di tornasole dell'intero progetto: dopo gli sforzi del primo
numero
e' qui infatti che si comincia a verificare se effettivamente il lavoro
fatto ha dei riscontri, se riesce cioe' a 'girare' al di la' dello
sforzo
volontaristico della redazione.
E a gudicare dai materiali raccolti (siamo stati costretti ad aumentare
il
numero di pagine previste) e dal lavoro di distribuzione fatto in questi
mesi, il bilancio puo' dirsi senz'altro positivo.
Molte sono state le serate di presentazione organizzate in varie citta'
italiane, ancora di piu' sono stati i momenti di confronto "informali"
tra
compagni e compagne che hanno avuto come centro di discussione la
rivista e
piu' in generale la problematica della repressione con essa trattata.
Molte, naturalmente, le critiche, i suggerimenti, i contributi.
La difficolta' maggiore e' senz'altro quella di rendere organico il
lavoro,
di fare intravedere nella successione degli articoli e degli argomenti
quella traccia, quel filo rosso che vorremmo evidenziare tra aspetti
anche
cosi' diversi della questione "repressione".
Soprattutto nel primo numero, il rischio "collage" era forte. Ancora
piu'
forte, forse, il rischio di non riuscire a collocare questo lavoro
all'interno di una chiara lettura di classe che vede la repressione non
come
un "fenomeno" oggetto di studi quasi sociologici a se' stanti, ma come
uno
strumento strategico del capitale a livello internazionale per governare
la
propria crisi, per affiancare e sostenere i tentativi di
ristrutturazione
che a livello globale vengono messi in campo per mantenere intatto il
proprio dominio sulle classi sfruttate di tutto il mondo.
E infine, ma non meno importante, per mettere una costante ipoteca sulla
possibilita' di sviluppo di qualsiasi forma di organizzazione che
all'interno di questa crisi tenta di riaffermare prospettive di
trasformazione/liberazione al di fuori delle compatibilita' stabilite
dai
vari potentati in ogni angolo del pianeta.
Del resto, in questo anno "post-bellico", proprio su questo terreno
l'Italia
ha visto una progressione repressiva degna degli anni '80, con decine di
arresti e centinaia di perquisizioni che hanno "scandagliato" le piu'
diverse esperienze dell'organizzazione di classe nel costante tentivo di
ostacolare o comunque condizionare pesantemente lo sviluppo di qualsiasi
anche minimo livello di critica politica dell'esistente.
Ci sembra comunque che un po' alla volta, anche dal lavoro della
redazione,
comincino a delinearsi alcuni terreni di approfondimento che puntano con
decisione nella direzione prefissata, trovando numerosi riscontri e
raccogliendo diversi contributi non fini a se' stessi ma che pian piano
evidenziano filoni di dibattito ben precisi da sviluppare in avanti.
In questa direzione si conferma ancora efficace la divisione della
rivista
nelle quattro sezioni individuate nel numero scorso: Strategie della
Controrivoluzione, Ristrutturazione e Controllo, Repressione delle
Lotte,
oltre alla immancabile sezione di aggiornamente sulla campagna contro
l'assassinio di Mumia Abu-Jamal, che cerca ancora una volta di fare il
punto
su una vicenda che ci vede impegnati da anni insieme a milioni di
persone in
tutto il mondo determinate a strappare questo rivoluzionario dalle mani
del
boia.
E cosi' l'analisi dei processi di ristrutturazione della Nato, con le
sue
pesanti implicazioni su tutta l'area Sud-Orientale che fanno dell'Europa
uno
scacchiere fondamentale per le strategie di controllo imperialiste a
livello
globale, ci sembra consolidarsi come un terreno importante di confronto
e di
approfondimento politico della rivista.
Come pure, sulle questioni del lavoro, la circolazione di riflessioni e
contributi tesi non solo a smascherare una chiara tendenza
antiproletaria
delle "nuove" legislazioni e delle "nuove" forme di organizzazione della
produzione ma che cominciano a riaffrontare un po' alla volta anche la
questione dell'organizzazione di classe in un settore dove da anni lo
scoramento e la mancanza di prospettive dominavano la scena, ci sembra
un
aspetto senza dubbio interessante.
Un'altra questione su cui si sta sviluppando un importante lavoro di
approfondimento che proseguira' nei prossimi numeri e' l'analisi del
complesso carcerario negli USA, un sentiero "dannato" che ci porta nei
meandri della "bestia" aiutandoci a comprendere meglio una realta'
spesso
solo intravista tra le veline dei giornali ma, nostro malgrado, specchio
premonitore di molte trasformazioni gia' riconoscibili nelle strategie
politiche dei padroni nostrani.
E in ultimo, un tentativo di rendere un po' piu' immediato e fruibile il
frammentato resoconto di notizie, buone e cattive, che per forza di cose
si
accavallano tra un numero e l'altro, proposto ora nella forma di un
"calendario" che alterna in ordine cronologico flash a piccoli articoli
piu'
approfonditi.
Non ci stancheremo mai di ripetere, prima di lasciarvi alla lettura
della
rivista, come per noi sia assolutamente fondamentale che al lavoro della
redazione si affianchi la collaborazione e il contributo di quanti,
singoli
individui o esperienze collettive, pensano di avere qualcosa da dire
sulle
molte tematiche proposte, nella convinzione che questo possa fornire un
piccolo ma importante strumento nelle mani di chi ha scelto di opporsi
alle
brutalita' e alle aberrazioni della societa' del capitale.
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
Per chi volesse inviarci del materiale per la
pubblicazione su "Senza Censura" deve indirizzare a:
Centro di Documentaqzione "Krupskaja"
(specificando: per Senza Censura)
Via del Verrocchio 12/N
40138 - Bologna
E-mail: senzacensura@...
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
L'ITALIA "NON PUO' FAR NULLA"?!?
Si è svolto oggi (13/6) alla Camera dei Deputati la discussione generale
sulle mozioni per la revoca dell'embargo all'Iraq.
La petizione "per la dissocizione italiana dll'embargo" è stata
annunciata in aula e l'On Cento ha letto un intervento a
nome dei firmatari della petizione.
Gli intervenuti (il dibattito integrale si può leggere sul sito della
camera www.camera.it) si sono unanimemente espressi
per la revoca delle sanzioni all'Iraq.
Il sottosegretario Intini, invece, nella sostanza ha sostenuto che
l'Italia non può far nulla senza un preventivo consenso
europeo (cioè mai, vista la posizione inglese) e senza la integrale
applicazione delle risoluzioni Onu, rimettendosi quindi
nelle mani degli Stati Uniti. Negando così ancora una volta le
responsablità italiane.
Per ora i testi delle mozioni presentate si limitano a impegnare il
Governo ad operare per la revoca delle sanzioni e, vista
la posizione espressa da Intini, si rischia ancora di avere una
risoluzione senza conseguenze.
Invitiamo tutti a mantenere la pressione sul Parlamento inviando a
posta@... e-mail con oggetto "Cari
deputati" che saranno redirette verso tuttii deputati.
campagna Rompere l'embargo
---
MILANO
Sabato 17 giugno 2000
alle ore 15
presso la libreria esoterica ecumenica Falcone
di piazza Missori, Milano
Il Prof. Marco Aurelio Rivelli
si incontrerà con il pubblico per parlare del suo libro “
L'ARCIVESCOVO DEL GENOCIDIO
sul “beato” Stepinac.
Il 28 giugno l’autore sarà in Grecia per presentare l’edizione greca di
questo libro.
Prossimamente entra in stampa il nuovo libro su Pio XII e le
responsabilità della Chiesa nei genocidi (nei vari paesi europei)
durante la Seconda guerra mondiale.
---
TORINO
CENA BENEFIT PER L'OSPEDALE DI KRAGUJEVAC
23 GIUGNO 2000 ORE 20
CSOA ASKATASUNA TORINO
Il coordinamento Torinese per la Jugoslavia sta organizzando per la
serata
del 23 giugno una cena jugoslava, destinando i proventi alla raccolta di
fondi necessari per l'acquisto di medicinali destinati all'ospedale
"KBG" di
Kragujevac.
Durante la serata saranno proiettati video documentari sulla situazione
in
Jugoslavia.
Chi ha intenzione di partecipare alla serata benefit è pregato di
prenotare
telefonando a Flavio 0338 1755563 o via e-mail a
lamonaca@...
entro il 19 giugno alle ore 12.
I disoccupati e gli studenti sottoscriveranno una quota di £ 15.000,
tutti
gli altri £ 25000.
L'ospedale di Kragujevac assiste malati di tutta la regione della
Sumadia e
delle regioni intorno; oggi dopo le devastazioni criminali della NATO,
l'ospedale cura circa 2.000.000 di malati, solo per pediatria e
oncologia.
A questa popolazione si sono aggiunti circa 20.000 profughi dal Kosovo
che
vanno a sommarsi alle decine di migliaia di profughi provenienti da
Croazia
e Bosnia.
Gli effetti devastanti dei bombardamenti su obiettivi civili, sulle
industrie chimiche hanno incrementato esponenzialmente i tumori della
pelle
e i calcinomi uterini e mammellari, oltre ai disturbi psichici e
nervosi, ma
anche febbri e problemi gastro intestinali.
A questi problemi si aggiunge il criminale embargo e le sanzioni contro
la
Jugoslavia: negli ospedali mancano ormai tutti i tipi di medicinali e
soprattutto anestetici, citostatici, antibiotici e medicine per la
psichiatria e la pediatria.
Torino 12 giugno 2000
COORDINAMENTO TORINESE PER LA JUGOSLAVIA
---
CAMPO ANTIMPERIALISTA
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/281?&start=252
Piccola rettifica di ordine amministrativo
Molti compagni ci hanno inviato dei messaggi facendoci notare un errore
contenuto nel
nostro comunicato di ieri.
In effetti, indicando il conto corrente postale n.12134623 intestato al
centro Studi P. Tresso
su cui fare il versamento per la prenotazione abbiamo omesso di indicare
il recapito del C/C
stesso.
Chi effettuasse il versamento deve compilare il modulo postale come
segue:
Conto Corrente Postale n.12134623 intestato al centro Studi P.
Tresso
Casella Postale 43 - 06034 Foligno (PG)
Ce ne scusiamo coi lettori.
Il Comitato Organizzativo del Campo.
---
BARI
Most za Beograd - Un ponte per Belgrado in terra di Bari
Associazione culturale di solidarietà con la popolazione jugoslava
c/o RdB, via M. Cristina di Savoia 40, BARI. e-mail: ponte@...
mercoledì 21 giugno ore 17.00
Facoltà di Lingue
via Garruba 4 Bari
Jugoslavia 2000. Quale situazione? Quali prospettive?
Relazioni e interventi di:
Ugo Villani, ordinario di diritto internazionale - Università di Bari:
L'ONU e la crisi del Kosovo un anno dopo
Dragan Mraovic, console capo della Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia a
Bari: La Serbia, tra ricostruzione ed embargo
Intermezzo recitato a cura dell'associazione teatrale Grammelot di
Molfetta
- Le 15 bugie di Jamie Shea
- Gott mit uns: il monologo di Wesley Clark
- Carla dei miracoli alla corte dell'Aja
Jasna Tkalec, redattrice della rivista Hrvatska Ljevica (sinistra
croata): Croazia: la pesante eredità dell'era Tudjman e le prospettive
future
Nico Perrone, docente di Storia contemporanea - Università di Bari
Giuseppe Belviso, giornalista e telecineoperatore di RAI 3
coordina Andrea Catone, dell'associazione Most za Beograd
---
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
"Senza Censura"
Per rilanciare il dibattito su repressione e carcere
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
Sommario n.2/2000:
- Mumia Abu-Jamal:
L'irragionevolezza del caso.
Dal Braccio della Morte!
Tributo ad Albert "Nuh" Washington
Dal carcere di Novara, per Mumia
- Strategia della Controrivoluzione
L'U.E. grande potenza
Adriatico: avamposto permanente per la guerra nei Balcani
Il Montenegro
Ad un anno dalla guerra
Il punto di vista della controrivoluzione
- Ristrutturazione e Controllo:
Repressione e mondo del lavoro
Ristrutturazione e processo penale
"Nuove" tecniche di controllo
Il grande fratello
Trasporti e diritto di sciopero
Legge e ordine "made in U.s.a."
- Repressione e Lotte:
Il caos come normalità (cronologia ragionata)
L'editoriale:
Questo secondo numero, uscito secondo la tabella di marcia che prevede
Senza
Censura in distribuzione ogni quattro mesi, lo presentiamo ai lettori
con
particolare soddisfazione.
Come tutte le scommesse (editoriali e non) la seconda uscita e' un po'
la
cartina di tornasole dell'intero progetto: dopo gli sforzi del primo
numero
e' qui infatti che si comincia a verificare se effettivamente il lavoro
fatto ha dei riscontri, se riesce cioe' a 'girare' al di la' dello
sforzo
volontaristico della redazione.
E a gudicare dai materiali raccolti (siamo stati costretti ad aumentare
il
numero di pagine previste) e dal lavoro di distribuzione fatto in questi
mesi, il bilancio puo' dirsi senz'altro positivo.
Molte sono state le serate di presentazione organizzate in varie citta'
italiane, ancora di piu' sono stati i momenti di confronto "informali"
tra
compagni e compagne che hanno avuto come centro di discussione la
rivista e
piu' in generale la problematica della repressione con essa trattata.
Molte, naturalmente, le critiche, i suggerimenti, i contributi.
La difficolta' maggiore e' senz'altro quella di rendere organico il
lavoro,
di fare intravedere nella successione degli articoli e degli argomenti
quella traccia, quel filo rosso che vorremmo evidenziare tra aspetti
anche
cosi' diversi della questione "repressione".
Soprattutto nel primo numero, il rischio "collage" era forte. Ancora
piu'
forte, forse, il rischio di non riuscire a collocare questo lavoro
all'interno di una chiara lettura di classe che vede la repressione non
come
un "fenomeno" oggetto di studi quasi sociologici a se' stanti, ma come
uno
strumento strategico del capitale a livello internazionale per governare
la
propria crisi, per affiancare e sostenere i tentativi di
ristrutturazione
che a livello globale vengono messi in campo per mantenere intatto il
proprio dominio sulle classi sfruttate di tutto il mondo.
E infine, ma non meno importante, per mettere una costante ipoteca sulla
possibilita' di sviluppo di qualsiasi forma di organizzazione che
all'interno di questa crisi tenta di riaffermare prospettive di
trasformazione/liberazione al di fuori delle compatibilita' stabilite
dai
vari potentati in ogni angolo del pianeta.
Del resto, in questo anno "post-bellico", proprio su questo terreno
l'Italia
ha visto una progressione repressiva degna degli anni '80, con decine di
arresti e centinaia di perquisizioni che hanno "scandagliato" le piu'
diverse esperienze dell'organizzazione di classe nel costante tentivo di
ostacolare o comunque condizionare pesantemente lo sviluppo di qualsiasi
anche minimo livello di critica politica dell'esistente.
Ci sembra comunque che un po' alla volta, anche dal lavoro della
redazione,
comincino a delinearsi alcuni terreni di approfondimento che puntano con
decisione nella direzione prefissata, trovando numerosi riscontri e
raccogliendo diversi contributi non fini a se' stessi ma che pian piano
evidenziano filoni di dibattito ben precisi da sviluppare in avanti.
In questa direzione si conferma ancora efficace la divisione della
rivista
nelle quattro sezioni individuate nel numero scorso: Strategie della
Controrivoluzione, Ristrutturazione e Controllo, Repressione delle
Lotte,
oltre alla immancabile sezione di aggiornamente sulla campagna contro
l'assassinio di Mumia Abu-Jamal, che cerca ancora una volta di fare il
punto
su una vicenda che ci vede impegnati da anni insieme a milioni di
persone in
tutto il mondo determinate a strappare questo rivoluzionario dalle mani
del
boia.
E cosi' l'analisi dei processi di ristrutturazione della Nato, con le
sue
pesanti implicazioni su tutta l'area Sud-Orientale che fanno dell'Europa
uno
scacchiere fondamentale per le strategie di controllo imperialiste a
livello
globale, ci sembra consolidarsi come un terreno importante di confronto
e di
approfondimento politico della rivista.
Come pure, sulle questioni del lavoro, la circolazione di riflessioni e
contributi tesi non solo a smascherare una chiara tendenza
antiproletaria
delle "nuove" legislazioni e delle "nuove" forme di organizzazione della
produzione ma che cominciano a riaffrontare un po' alla volta anche la
questione dell'organizzazione di classe in un settore dove da anni lo
scoramento e la mancanza di prospettive dominavano la scena, ci sembra
un
aspetto senza dubbio interessante.
Un'altra questione su cui si sta sviluppando un importante lavoro di
approfondimento che proseguira' nei prossimi numeri e' l'analisi del
complesso carcerario negli USA, un sentiero "dannato" che ci porta nei
meandri della "bestia" aiutandoci a comprendere meglio una realta'
spesso
solo intravista tra le veline dei giornali ma, nostro malgrado, specchio
premonitore di molte trasformazioni gia' riconoscibili nelle strategie
politiche dei padroni nostrani.
E in ultimo, un tentativo di rendere un po' piu' immediato e fruibile il
frammentato resoconto di notizie, buone e cattive, che per forza di cose
si
accavallano tra un numero e l'altro, proposto ora nella forma di un
"calendario" che alterna in ordine cronologico flash a piccoli articoli
piu'
approfonditi.
Non ci stancheremo mai di ripetere, prima di lasciarvi alla lettura
della
rivista, come per noi sia assolutamente fondamentale che al lavoro della
redazione si affianchi la collaborazione e il contributo di quanti,
singoli
individui o esperienze collettive, pensano di avere qualcosa da dire
sulle
molte tematiche proposte, nella convinzione che questo possa fornire un
piccolo ma importante strumento nelle mani di chi ha scelto di opporsi
alle
brutalita' e alle aberrazioni della societa' del capitale.
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
Per chi volesse inviarci del materiale per la
pubblicazione su "Senza Censura" deve indirizzare a:
Centro di Documentaqzione "Krupskaja"
(specificando: per Senza Censura)
Via del Verrocchio 12/N
40138 - Bologna
E-mail: senzacensura@...
[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]][[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]][[[[]]]]][[[[]]]
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
QUELLI CHE AMANO GLI ANIMALI PIU' CHE GLI ESSERI UMANI
I diplomatici jugoslavi a Berlino stanno ricevendo in questi giorni
numerose lettere di protesta da organizzazioni caritatevoli e per la
protezione degli animali, nelle quali si chiede la cessazione degli
"eccidi di massa di cani" in Serbia. Queste organizzazioni sostengono di
essere venute a conoscenza delle programmata liquidazione di 350 cani,
probabilmente randagi, in Serbia entro il 15 giugno 2000.
"Vi preghiamo di evitare questo nuovo genocidio", c'e' scritto su una di
queste lettere. "Non e' stato gettato abbastanza sangue nelle guerre di
questi anni?"
In tutti questi mesi la missione diplomatica jugoslava a Berlino non ha
ricevuto neanche una singola lettera di protesta, nemmeno per
conoscenza, relativamente alla uccisione di piu' di mille persone nella
provincia del Kosmet.
(Fonte: www.Serbia-Info.com, 14/6/2000)
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
I diplomatici jugoslavi a Berlino stanno ricevendo in questi giorni
numerose lettere di protesta da organizzazioni caritatevoli e per la
protezione degli animali, nelle quali si chiede la cessazione degli
"eccidi di massa di cani" in Serbia. Queste organizzazioni sostengono di
essere venute a conoscenza delle programmata liquidazione di 350 cani,
probabilmente randagi, in Serbia entro il 15 giugno 2000.
"Vi preghiamo di evitare questo nuovo genocidio", c'e' scritto su una di
queste lettere. "Non e' stato gettato abbastanza sangue nelle guerre di
questi anni?"
In tutti questi mesi la missione diplomatica jugoslava a Berlino non ha
ricevuto neanche una singola lettera di protesta, nemmeno per
conoscenza, relativamente alla uccisione di piu' di mille persone nella
provincia del Kosmet.
(Fonte: www.Serbia-Info.com, 14/6/2000)
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
WHY HUMAN RIGHTS ARE WRONG
Mail version: the complete version, with links, is at
http://web.inter.nl.net/users/Paul.Treanor/human.rights.html
--------------------------------------
A Serbian child who is shot to enforce human rights, suffers just as
much
pain, as an American or British child. Yet the US and British
governments do
not kill or injure their own citizens, to protect their human rights.
That
fate is reserved for East Europeans, Africans, and Asians. The western
human
rights lobby claims, that it is wrong to deny people human rights. They
claim
opposition to human rights is based on 'ethical relativism', and that
their
own 'moral universalism' is superior. Yet they would never subject their
own
fellow citizens to the same treatment as (for instance) the inhabitants
of
Belgrade. Clearly, the 'moral universalism' is itself relative. More
likely,
it is just a propaganda slogan anyway. Increasingly, the doctrine of
human
rights is the cause of suffering, oppression and injustice.
Increasingly, the
argument that superpowers have a 'moral duty' to enforce human rights,
is used
in the same way as the doctrine of the 'civilising mission' once was
used to
justify colonialism. This text presents a clear rejection of human
rights,
without any appeal to cultural relativism / ethical relativism.
The ethical system of rights
-----
In the claims made by advocates of human rights, rights generally have
the
following characteristics...
-- a right is declared by one person or organisation, for another
person
-- usually, a right is declared by one person or organisation, for all
human beings
-- the consent of the other person or persons is not necessary, for the
right
to be declared
-- there are certain actions (or restraint from certain actions) which
constitute 'respect' of the right
-- these actions (or restraint from action) may legitimately be taken
-- there is usually a moral duty to take these actions (or this
restraint
from action)
-- the person with the right has no moral grounds to oppose this action
-
even if they have not consented to the right in the first place
-- therefore there are certain actions which may legitimately be taken
against another, since they fulfil a moral obligation to respect a
right, and
these actions do not constitute a harm
-- since there is a moral obligation to these actions, they are not
wrong,
even if consent for them is explicitly refused, and even if the person
affected considers them a harm
These are the far-reaching claims made by all advocates of rights, and
especially by the human rights lobby. It is obvious, even from this
summary,
that the logic of rights interferes with the principle of moral
autonomy.
Some people in history have indeed claimed the rights that were conceded
to
them - but most have had their rights declared for them by others. They
are
not allowed to renounce these 'declared rights'. The idea that a person
must
accept all rights declared for them (by others), clearly contradicts the
idea
of political freedom. The human-rights tradition includes no element of
consent. 'Declared rights' are by definition authoritarian. It is these
aspects, which make the doctrine of human rights a license for
oppression.
The Prizren water supply
-----
The logic of rights can be illustrated with a familiar example, addition
of
substances to drinking water. Consider these examples...
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to filter the drinking water to
remove bacteria. It does not inform the residents of the city, or ask
their consent.
That seems relatively harmless, and indeed desirable. But the moral
logic is
no different in the following examples....
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add chlorine to the
drinking
water, to kill bacteria. It does not inform the residents of the city,
or ask
their consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add fluoride to the
drinking
water, to improve dental health. It does not inform the residents of the
city,
or ask their consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add contraceptives to the
drinking water, since the high birth rate is overloading the health-care
system. It does not inform the residents of the city, or ask their
consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add Prozac to the drinking
water,
to reduce the incidence of post-traumatic depression. It does not inform
the
residents of the city, or ask their consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add a genetically modified
HIV
virus to the drinking water, as a form of vaccination against an AIDS
epidemic. It does not inform the residents of the city, or ask their
consent.
The list shows how easy it is to extend the range of a right (and indeed
the
UN administration in Kosovo has taken extraordinary steps to control
cultural
and political life there). The United Nations decided, without
consulting me,
that I have a right not to be tortured - and that is considered morally
legitimate. But what is to stop them deciding tomorrow, that I have a
right to
be tortured? The United Nations decided that I have a right to life. But
what
is to stop them deciding tomorrow, that I have a right to death?
But this type of argument - the 'slippery slope ', or 'consequentialism'
- is
rejected anyway by many moral philosophers. They would claim that, just
because a principle has undesirable consequences in certain cases, that
does
not rule it out as a moral principle. But it is the principle itself
which is
wrong here - the principle that certain actions are in effect exempt
from
moral judgment, because they constitute 'respect' of a right.
Human rights: opposing principles
-----
The best way to illustrate this is to look at how rights could be
ethically
acceptable. That could be through these alternative principles...
***
1 "Rights are voluntary. They can not be imposed on a person without
consent."
2 "Every person is free to chose their own rights, if any."
3 "It is not in itself good to respect a right. Every right is itself
subject
to ethical assessment, to moral judgment. It can be wrong to respect a
right,
even a right that has been consented to."
4 "An action done to a person, to respect the rights of that person, can
be a
harm to that person. Each person is morally autonomous in deciding what
constitutes a harm to themselves."
5 "Specifically, the state or international organisations may not
declare
rights for persons, unless those persons participated in the formulation
of
those rights, and expressed their consent."
6 "Rights may be renounced at any time."
7 "There must be an impartial procedure of appeal against rights.
Obviously
this function can not be exercised by pro-rights organisations, such as
the
United Nations."
8 "An agreement on rights can not bind persons, who have not entered
into the agreement."
9 "Objections of conscience to any right are valid."
***
This list only shows how different the present human rights idea is, in
comparison. No supporter of human rights would ever accept anything like
these principles.
The UN-declared human rights
-----
The present debate on human rights and sovereignty is largely concerned
with a
specific set of rights, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This
Declaration was approved by the United Nations in December 1948. In this
case,
the failure of ethical legitimacy is clear. The human rights lobby
claims,
that this document is morally binding on the whole world, forever. But
what
basis does that have?
-- The document was approved by the diplomatic representatives of UN
member
states. No other persons or organisations participated in the
negotiations on
the text.
-- These states were the victorious allied powers of 1945, and their
allies,
with a few others. They did not even approximate the present membership
of the
United Nations.
-- In many cases, the government and political system in these states
had
been installed in 1944 and 1945 by Allied military action. (In Europe
especially, the Soviet Union and the US manipulated the political
process to
obtain the desired government, inside their new spheres of influence).
Even by
the limited standards of parliamentary elections, they governments did
not
'represent' their inhabitants. In some countries, such as Greece and
China, a
civil war was in progress.
-- Some of the signatory states were, at the time, de facto
protectorates of
Allied powers - such as Persia, Egypt and Iraq. Others were self-ruled
colonies, but with a whites-only government, such as Australia and South
Africa.
-- Several of the states excluded large sections of the population from
any
political influence - such as the remains of the German minorities in
Eastern
Europe at the time. Germany and Japan themselves were under military
occupation, and not represented.
-- Some of the States - Afghanistan, for instance - had no modern
political
system of any kind.
-- Most notably, Africa was 'represented' by colonial powers. At the
time,
most held no elections of any kind, in most of their colonial territory.
Often, all political activity by 'natives' was forbidden.
-- Probably only five governments decided, without outside pressure,
their
position on the Declaration: the United States, Britain, the Soviet
Union,
Sweden, and Mexico. All others were, to a greater or lesser extent,
dependent
on their protecting power (or colonial power).
-- The text was ultimately a compromise, between the United States and
the
Soviet Union. The USA was the initiator in this process, and the Soviet
Union
was on the defensive. The Declaration is, without doubt, a primary
historical
text of the Cold War.
-- Most of the world population never even saw the text, before it was
approved. Probably the majority could not even understand the few
official
languages in which it was written. The text is still not available, in
the
majority of the languages spoken on earth.
-- No election was held in any country, with the text as an election
issue.
-- No referendum, or any other form of test, was held to approve the
text, in
any country. There was no ratification procedure of any kind, since it
was not
a Treaty.
-- No individual ever formally consented to the document as an
individual:
the United Nations never organised such a consent procedure.
-- I am obliged to accept the contents, even though it was approved
before I
was born, and any influence on its contents was therefore impossible.
-- There is no procedure for revision of the declaration.
-- There is no procedure for periodic review, let alone periodic
re-approval,
of the Declaration.
-- The Declaration is therefore considered to apply indefinitely,
beyond the
lifetime of those who drafted it, and without any possibility of
amending it
or annulling it. Their descendants will, apparently, forever be bound by
the Declaration.
-- There is no independent appeal against its contents, or against the
rights
imposed, or against the application of the Declaration by the United
Nations
-- Specifically, there is no independent appeal procedure, against
military
action to enforce it. If the UN decides tomorrow, that it is necessary
to
destroy Beijing with a nuclear weapon, to enforce human rights, then
no-one
can take any legal steps against this decision. Neither the individual
residents, nor the Chinese government, nor any organisation, can appeal
-
certainly not to the International Court. The Universal Declaration of
Human
Rights is considered beyond appeal, in fact beyond all legal procedure.
For a document conferring such powers, this is a very weak ethical
basis. Even
more so, because it is now treated as the basic document of the United
Nations
(in contrast to the UN Charter, which guarantees national sovereignty).
If the
United States recolonises Africa over the next 15 years, then it will
almost
certainly refer to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights - as the
legal
basis for its actions. And since the United States is now the only
superpower
capable of doing this, and no other power can successfully oppose it,
the
temptation will be great. Because of its claimed universal and absolute
force,
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an emergent license for
global
conquest, in a uni-polar world.
Human rights are clearly political
-----
There is no doubt, that the doctrine of human rights belongs within a
specific
political tradition: the broad European liberal tradition. Human rights
have
also become a central element, in recent Anglo-American democratic
liberalism
(the type of political philosophy represented by John Rawls). But the
liberal
tradition is only one section of European political thought. Not only
are
human rights not universal, they are not even 'western' or 'European'.
This
text completely rejects human rights, but from a background which is as
European as liberalism. It is certainly not an African (or Asian, or
Slavic)
cultural or philosophical viewpoint. Human rights are not culturally
specific,
they are politically specific. The human rights doctrine is a classic
political ideology.
The imposition of human rights on the world, is the imposition of that
political ideology. And with it comes the rest of the liberal package.
The
supporters of human rights are also the supporters of free trade,
democracy,
an open society and the free market. The two recent explicit military
interventions to protect rights, in Timor and Kosovo, have also brought
open
free-market economies to these regions. In organisations like the NATO
or the
OSCE, the free market and human rights are always referred to together,
as if
they were the same thing. And because of that, in practice, they are.
--
Paul Treanor
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Mail version: the complete version, with links, is at
http://web.inter.nl.net/users/Paul.Treanor/human.rights.html
--------------------------------------
A Serbian child who is shot to enforce human rights, suffers just as
much
pain, as an American or British child. Yet the US and British
governments do
not kill or injure their own citizens, to protect their human rights.
That
fate is reserved for East Europeans, Africans, and Asians. The western
human
rights lobby claims, that it is wrong to deny people human rights. They
claim
opposition to human rights is based on 'ethical relativism', and that
their
own 'moral universalism' is superior. Yet they would never subject their
own
fellow citizens to the same treatment as (for instance) the inhabitants
of
Belgrade. Clearly, the 'moral universalism' is itself relative. More
likely,
it is just a propaganda slogan anyway. Increasingly, the doctrine of
human
rights is the cause of suffering, oppression and injustice.
Increasingly, the
argument that superpowers have a 'moral duty' to enforce human rights,
is used
in the same way as the doctrine of the 'civilising mission' once was
used to
justify colonialism. This text presents a clear rejection of human
rights,
without any appeal to cultural relativism / ethical relativism.
The ethical system of rights
-----
In the claims made by advocates of human rights, rights generally have
the
following characteristics...
-- a right is declared by one person or organisation, for another
person
-- usually, a right is declared by one person or organisation, for all
human beings
-- the consent of the other person or persons is not necessary, for the
right
to be declared
-- there are certain actions (or restraint from certain actions) which
constitute 'respect' of the right
-- these actions (or restraint from action) may legitimately be taken
-- there is usually a moral duty to take these actions (or this
restraint
from action)
-- the person with the right has no moral grounds to oppose this action
-
even if they have not consented to the right in the first place
-- therefore there are certain actions which may legitimately be taken
against another, since they fulfil a moral obligation to respect a
right, and
these actions do not constitute a harm
-- since there is a moral obligation to these actions, they are not
wrong,
even if consent for them is explicitly refused, and even if the person
affected considers them a harm
These are the far-reaching claims made by all advocates of rights, and
especially by the human rights lobby. It is obvious, even from this
summary,
that the logic of rights interferes with the principle of moral
autonomy.
Some people in history have indeed claimed the rights that were conceded
to
them - but most have had their rights declared for them by others. They
are
not allowed to renounce these 'declared rights'. The idea that a person
must
accept all rights declared for them (by others), clearly contradicts the
idea
of political freedom. The human-rights tradition includes no element of
consent. 'Declared rights' are by definition authoritarian. It is these
aspects, which make the doctrine of human rights a license for
oppression.
The Prizren water supply
-----
The logic of rights can be illustrated with a familiar example, addition
of
substances to drinking water. Consider these examples...
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to filter the drinking water to
remove bacteria. It does not inform the residents of the city, or ask
their consent.
That seems relatively harmless, and indeed desirable. But the moral
logic is
no different in the following examples....
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add chlorine to the
drinking
water, to kill bacteria. It does not inform the residents of the city,
or ask
their consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add fluoride to the
drinking
water, to improve dental health. It does not inform the residents of the
city,
or ask their consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add contraceptives to the
drinking water, since the high birth rate is overloading the health-care
system. It does not inform the residents of the city, or ask their
consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add Prozac to the drinking
water,
to reduce the incidence of post-traumatic depression. It does not inform
the
residents of the city, or ask their consent.
-- The United Nations declares a right to healthy drinking water.
Therefore
the UN administration in Prizren decides to add a genetically modified
HIV
virus to the drinking water, as a form of vaccination against an AIDS
epidemic. It does not inform the residents of the city, or ask their
consent.
The list shows how easy it is to extend the range of a right (and indeed
the
UN administration in Kosovo has taken extraordinary steps to control
cultural
and political life there). The United Nations decided, without
consulting me,
that I have a right not to be tortured - and that is considered morally
legitimate. But what is to stop them deciding tomorrow, that I have a
right to
be tortured? The United Nations decided that I have a right to life. But
what
is to stop them deciding tomorrow, that I have a right to death?
But this type of argument - the 'slippery slope ', or 'consequentialism'
- is
rejected anyway by many moral philosophers. They would claim that, just
because a principle has undesirable consequences in certain cases, that
does
not rule it out as a moral principle. But it is the principle itself
which is
wrong here - the principle that certain actions are in effect exempt
from
moral judgment, because they constitute 'respect' of a right.
Human rights: opposing principles
-----
The best way to illustrate this is to look at how rights could be
ethically
acceptable. That could be through these alternative principles...
***
1 "Rights are voluntary. They can not be imposed on a person without
consent."
2 "Every person is free to chose their own rights, if any."
3 "It is not in itself good to respect a right. Every right is itself
subject
to ethical assessment, to moral judgment. It can be wrong to respect a
right,
even a right that has been consented to."
4 "An action done to a person, to respect the rights of that person, can
be a
harm to that person. Each person is morally autonomous in deciding what
constitutes a harm to themselves."
5 "Specifically, the state or international organisations may not
declare
rights for persons, unless those persons participated in the formulation
of
those rights, and expressed their consent."
6 "Rights may be renounced at any time."
7 "There must be an impartial procedure of appeal against rights.
Obviously
this function can not be exercised by pro-rights organisations, such as
the
United Nations."
8 "An agreement on rights can not bind persons, who have not entered
into the agreement."
9 "Objections of conscience to any right are valid."
***
This list only shows how different the present human rights idea is, in
comparison. No supporter of human rights would ever accept anything like
these principles.
The UN-declared human rights
-----
The present debate on human rights and sovereignty is largely concerned
with a
specific set of rights, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This
Declaration was approved by the United Nations in December 1948. In this
case,
the failure of ethical legitimacy is clear. The human rights lobby
claims,
that this document is morally binding on the whole world, forever. But
what
basis does that have?
-- The document was approved by the diplomatic representatives of UN
member
states. No other persons or organisations participated in the
negotiations on
the text.
-- These states were the victorious allied powers of 1945, and their
allies,
with a few others. They did not even approximate the present membership
of the
United Nations.
-- In many cases, the government and political system in these states
had
been installed in 1944 and 1945 by Allied military action. (In Europe
especially, the Soviet Union and the US manipulated the political
process to
obtain the desired government, inside their new spheres of influence).
Even by
the limited standards of parliamentary elections, they governments did
not
'represent' their inhabitants. In some countries, such as Greece and
China, a
civil war was in progress.
-- Some of the signatory states were, at the time, de facto
protectorates of
Allied powers - such as Persia, Egypt and Iraq. Others were self-ruled
colonies, but with a whites-only government, such as Australia and South
Africa.
-- Several of the states excluded large sections of the population from
any
political influence - such as the remains of the German minorities in
Eastern
Europe at the time. Germany and Japan themselves were under military
occupation, and not represented.
-- Some of the States - Afghanistan, for instance - had no modern
political
system of any kind.
-- Most notably, Africa was 'represented' by colonial powers. At the
time,
most held no elections of any kind, in most of their colonial territory.
Often, all political activity by 'natives' was forbidden.
-- Probably only five governments decided, without outside pressure,
their
position on the Declaration: the United States, Britain, the Soviet
Union,
Sweden, and Mexico. All others were, to a greater or lesser extent,
dependent
on their protecting power (or colonial power).
-- The text was ultimately a compromise, between the United States and
the
Soviet Union. The USA was the initiator in this process, and the Soviet
Union
was on the defensive. The Declaration is, without doubt, a primary
historical
text of the Cold War.
-- Most of the world population never even saw the text, before it was
approved. Probably the majority could not even understand the few
official
languages in which it was written. The text is still not available, in
the
majority of the languages spoken on earth.
-- No election was held in any country, with the text as an election
issue.
-- No referendum, or any other form of test, was held to approve the
text, in
any country. There was no ratification procedure of any kind, since it
was not
a Treaty.
-- No individual ever formally consented to the document as an
individual:
the United Nations never organised such a consent procedure.
-- I am obliged to accept the contents, even though it was approved
before I
was born, and any influence on its contents was therefore impossible.
-- There is no procedure for revision of the declaration.
-- There is no procedure for periodic review, let alone periodic
re-approval,
of the Declaration.
-- The Declaration is therefore considered to apply indefinitely,
beyond the
lifetime of those who drafted it, and without any possibility of
amending it
or annulling it. Their descendants will, apparently, forever be bound by
the Declaration.
-- There is no independent appeal against its contents, or against the
rights
imposed, or against the application of the Declaration by the United
Nations
-- Specifically, there is no independent appeal procedure, against
military
action to enforce it. If the UN decides tomorrow, that it is necessary
to
destroy Beijing with a nuclear weapon, to enforce human rights, then
no-one
can take any legal steps against this decision. Neither the individual
residents, nor the Chinese government, nor any organisation, can appeal
-
certainly not to the International Court. The Universal Declaration of
Human
Rights is considered beyond appeal, in fact beyond all legal procedure.
For a document conferring such powers, this is a very weak ethical
basis. Even
more so, because it is now treated as the basic document of the United
Nations
(in contrast to the UN Charter, which guarantees national sovereignty).
If the
United States recolonises Africa over the next 15 years, then it will
almost
certainly refer to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights - as the
legal
basis for its actions. And since the United States is now the only
superpower
capable of doing this, and no other power can successfully oppose it,
the
temptation will be great. Because of its claimed universal and absolute
force,
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an emergent license for
global
conquest, in a uni-polar world.
Human rights are clearly political
-----
There is no doubt, that the doctrine of human rights belongs within a
specific
political tradition: the broad European liberal tradition. Human rights
have
also become a central element, in recent Anglo-American democratic
liberalism
(the type of political philosophy represented by John Rawls). But the
liberal
tradition is only one section of European political thought. Not only
are
human rights not universal, they are not even 'western' or 'European'.
This
text completely rejects human rights, but from a background which is as
European as liberalism. It is certainly not an African (or Asian, or
Slavic)
cultural or philosophical viewpoint. Human rights are not culturally
specific,
they are politically specific. The human rights doctrine is a classic
political ideology.
The imposition of human rights on the world, is the imposition of that
political ideology. And with it comes the rest of the liberal package.
The
supporters of human rights are also the supporters of free trade,
democracy,
an open society and the free market. The two recent explicit military
interventions to protect rights, in Timor and Kosovo, have also brought
open
free-market economies to these regions. In organisations like the NATO
or the
OSCE, the free market and human rights are always referred to together,
as if
they were the same thing. And because of that, in practice, they are.
--
Paul Treanor
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* SENTENZA CONCLUSIVA E LISTA DEI PARTECIPANTI
alla giornata finale del Tribunale "Clark", New York 10/6/2000
* Un articolo da WORKERS WORLD
* CONCLUSIONI DEI LAVORI DELLE SEZIONI TEDESCA/EUROPEA ED AUSTRIACA
* GLI ADERENTI ALLA SEZIONE ITALIANA (aggiornamento primo giugno 2000)
---
Subject: U.S./NATO found guilty of war crimes against Yugoslavia
Date: Tue, 13 Jun 2000 21:42:52 -0400
From: iacenter@...
To: "International" <iacenter@...>
GUILTY!
On Saturday, June 10, 2000, the International Tribunal on U.S./NATO
War Crimes Against the People of Yugoslavia found U.S. and
NATO political and military leaders guilty of war crimes. At this
people's tribunal meeting in New York, held before over 500 people, a
panel of 16 judges from 11 countries rendered this verdict regarding
the March 24-June 10, 1999 U.S./NATO assault on Yugoslavia.
Former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark, the lead prosecutor at
the International Tribunal on U.S./NATO War Crimes Against
Yugoslavia, urged those present and those they represented from the
21 countries participating to carry out a sentence of organizing a
campaign to abolish the NATO military pact.
Ben Dupuy, former ambassador at large during the Aristide
Administration in Haiti, the Rev. Kiyul Chung of Korea, and auto
worker Martha Grevatt, who heads the AFL-CIO’s official
constituency group Pride at Work, read the three parts of the verdict
(included below).
Participants taking the witness stand included eyewitnesses,
researchers who visited Yugoslavia, renowned political and
economics analysts, historians, physicists, biologists, military
experts,
journalists and lay researchers. (A list of all the judges, and the
witnesses and their topics is included below.)
Many of these witnesses have in the past 15 months presented to
audiences worldwide a complete picture of the war NATO waged
against Yugoslavia. For the tribunal, however, all limited themselves
to a single area of expertise that made up a single part of the
evidence against the political and military leaders of the United States
and the other NATO countries.
Taken together, the judges decided, each single part contributed to
construct a proof that beyond a reasonable doubt proved the guilt of
the accused, just as the proper placing of single tiles can build a
mosaic.
The witnesses described how NATO forces used the media to spread
lies to demonize the Serbs and their leadership in order to prepare
public opinion to prepare for war. Then they showed the real
economic and geopolitical interests of the imperialist powers--the U.S.
and Western Europe—in seizing economic control of the area from
the Balkans to the oil-rich Caspian Sea.
Finally they demonstrated how Washington rigged the “Racak
massacre” and then used the so-called Rambouillet accord—in reality
an ultimatum demanding NATO's military control of all of Yugoslavia-
-to provoke the war. Taken together this all proved a crime against
peace.
They also showed the use of illegal weapons, the purposeful choice of
civilian targets and the destruction of the environment and the civilian
infrastructure that add up to war crimes. And the expulsion of
hundreds of thousands of people from Kosovo and Metohija that
prove crimes against humanity.
The witnesses’ presentations were accompanied in many cases by
slides and videos displayed on a large screen on the stage of the
auditorium at Martin Luther King Jr. High School in Manhattan. This
screen was easily visible both to the judges, who sat on the stage, and
to the hundreds in the audience, many of whom stayed throughout the
nine-hour day.
In addition, pictures and videos were on display in the hall outside the
auditorium, and documentary evidence was offered in books or in
research papers.
The International Action Center, founded by Clark in 1992, organized
this final session of the tribunal. There was also participation by
those
who had organized similar tribunal hearings in Germany, Italy, Austria,
Russia, Ukraine, Yugoslavia and Greece, where thousands declared
U.S. President Clinton a war criminal last November in Athens.
In addition to the witnesses, there were also important guest
presentations from representatives of the governments Yugoslavia
and Cuba. In addition, Ismael Guadalupe from Vieques, Puerto Rico
showed in a powerful speech how the practice runs against his small
island laid the basis for U.S./NATO aggression around the world.
According to the IAC organizers, total registration, including justices,
witnesses and staff was 511. Invited speakers, witnesses and judges
came from Haiti, Spain, Turkey, Korea, Puerto Rico, India, Germany,
United States, Canada, Italy, Yugoslavia, Russia, Britain, Belgium,
Iraq, Greece, Austria, France, and Portugal. The U.S. government
refused visas to four people from Ukraine, whose message was read
from the stage.
There were also representatives of the Roma people—often referred
to by the derisive term "gypsy." Shani Rifati, a Roma witness who
was born in Pristina, capital of Kosovo, told how NATO occupation
has led to the expulsion of 100,000 Romas. He pointed out that the
verdict condemned the persecution of Roma people, the first time this
has happened in any international tribunal.
Five different television crews taped the entire proceedings, including
Serbian television and a three-camera crew from Australia, as well as
alternate media sources in the U.S. like the Peoples Video Network.
FINAL JUDGEMENT OF THE COMMISSION OF INQUIRY TO
INVESTIGATE U.S./NATO WAR CRIMES AGAINST THE
PEOPLE OF YUGOSLAVIA
Final Judgement
The Members of the Independent Commission of Inquiry to
Investigate U.S./NATO War Crimes Against the People of
Yugoslavia, meeting in New York, having considered the Initial
Charges and Complaint of the Commission dated July 31, 1999,
against President William J. Clinton, Gen. Wesley Clark, Secretary of
State Madeleine Albright, Prime Minister Tony Blair, Chancellor
Gerhard Schroder, President Jacques Chirac, Prime Minister
Massimo D’Alema, Prime Minister Jose Maria Azmar, the
Governments of the United States and the other NATO member
states, former Secretary General Javier Solana and other NATO
leaders, and Others with nineteen separate Crimes Against Peace,
War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity in violation of the Charter
of the United Nations, the 1949 Geneva Conventions, other
international agreements and customary international law;
Having the right and obligation as citizens of the world to sit in
judgement regarding violations of international humanitarian law;
Having heard the testimony from Commissions of Inquiry and
Tribunals held within their own countries during the past year and
having received reports from numerous other Commission hearings
which recite the evidence there gathered;
Having been provided with documentary evidence, eyewitness
statements, photos, videotapes, special reports, expert analyses and
summaries of evidence available to the Commission;
Having access to all evidence, knowledge and expert opinion in the
Commission files or available to the Commission staff;
Having been provided by the Commission, or otherwise obtained,
various books, articles and other written materials on various aspects
of events and conditions in Yugoslavia and other countries in the
Balkans, and in the military and arms establishments;
Having considered newspaper coverage, magazine and periodical
reports, special publications, TV, radio and other media coverage and
public statements by the accused, other public officials and public
materials;
Having heard the presentations of the Commission of Inquiry in public
hearing on June 10, 2000, and the testimony, evidence and summaries
there presented;
And having met, considered and deliberated with each other and with
Commission staff and having considered all the evidence that is
relevant to the nineteen charges of criminal conduct alleged in the
Initial Complaint, make the following findings:
FINDINGS
The Members of the International War Crimes Tribunal find the
accused Guilty on the basis of the evidence against them and that
each of the nineteen separate crimes alleged in the Initial Complaint
has been established to have been committed beyond a reasonable
doubt. These are:
1. Planning and Executing the Dismemberment, Segregation and
Impoverishment of Yugoslavia.
2. Inflicting, Inciting and Enhancing Violence Between and Among
Muslims and Slavs.
3. Disrupting Efforts to Maintain Unity, Peace and Stability in
Yugoslavia.
4. Destroying the Peace-Making Role of the United Nations.
5. Using NATO for Military Aggression Against, and Occupation of,
Non-Compliant Poor Countries.
6. Killing and Injuring a Defenseless Population throughout
Yugoslavia.
7. Planning, Announcing and Executing Attacks Intended to
Assassinate the Head of Government, Other Government Leaders
and Selected Civilians in Yugoslavia.
8. Destroying and Damaging Economic, Social, Cultural, Medical,
Diplomatic -- including the Embassy of the People’s Republic of
China and other embassies -- and Religious Resources, Properties
and Facilities throughout Yugoslavia.
9 Attacking Objects Indispensable to the Survival of the Population of
Yugoslavia.
10. Attacking Facilities Containing Dangerous Substances and Forces.
11. Using Depleted Uranium, Cluster Bombs and Other Prohibited
Weapons.
12. Waging War on the Environment.
13. Imposing Sanctions through the United Nations that are a
Genocidal Crime Against Humanity.
14. Creating an Illegal Ad-Hoc Criminal Tribunal to Destroy and
Demonize the Serbian Leadership. The Illegitimacy of this Tribunal is
Further Demonstrated by its Failure to Bring Any Case Regarding the
Oppression of the Romani People, Who Have Suffered the Highest
Rate of Casualties of Any People in the Region.
15. Using Controlled International Media to Create and Maintain
Support for the U.S. Assault and to Demonize Yugoslavia, Slavs,
Serbs and Muslims as Genocidal Murderers.
16. Establishing the Long-Term Military Occupation of Strategic
Parts of Yugoslavia by NATO Forces.
17. Attempting to Destroy the Sovereignty, Right to Self-
Determination, Democracy and Culture of the Slavic, Muslim, Roma
and Other Peoples of Yugoslavia.
18. Seeking to Establish U.S. Domination and Control of Yugoslavia
and to Exploit Its People and Resources.
19. Using the Means of Military Force and Economic Coercion in
Order to Achieve U.S. Domination.
The Members hold NATO, the NATO states and their leaders
accountable for their criminal acts and condemn those found guilty in
the strongest possible terms. The Members condemn the NATO
bombardments, denounce the international crimes and violations of
international humanitarian law committed by the armed attack and
through other means such as economic sanctions. NATO has acted
lawlessly and has attempted to abolish international law.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The Members urge the immediate revocation of all embargoes,
sanctions and penalties against Yugoslavia because they constitute a
continuing crime against humanity. The Members call for the
immediate end to the NATO occupation of all Yugoslav territory, the
removal of all NATO and U.S. bases and forces from the Balkans
region, and the cessation of overt and covert operations, including the
“International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia” in the
Hague, aimed at overthrowing the government of Yugoslavia.
The Members further call for full reparations to be paid to the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia for death, injury, economic and environmental
damage resulting from the NATO bombing, economic sanctions and
blockades. Further, other states in the region which have suffered
economic and environmental damage due to the NATO bombing and
economic sanctions on Yugoslavia must also be awarded reparations.
The Members condemn the threat or use of military technology
against life, both civilian and military, as was used by the NATO
powers against the people of Yugoslavia.
The Members urge public action and mobilization to stop new and
continued sanctions and aggressions by the U.S. and other NATO
powers against Iraq, Cuba, North Korea, the countries of Eastern
Europe and the former Soviet Union, Puerto Rico, Asia, Sudan,
Colombia and other countries. We ask for the immediate cessation of
overt/covert activities by the U.S. and NATO in such countries.
The Members believe that the interests of peace, justice and human
progress require the abolition of NATO, which has proved itself
beyond any doubt to be an instrument of aggression for the dominant,
colonizing powers, particularly the United States. The Pentagon, the
central and key element of NATO and the greatest single threat to
the people of the world, must be disbanded.
The Members urge the Commission to provide for the permanent
preservation of the reports, evidence and materials gathered to make
them available to others, and to seek ways to provide the widest
possible distribution of the truth about the U.S./NATO war on
Yugoslavia.
We urge all people of the world to act on recommendations developed
by the Commission to hold power accountable and to secure social
justice on which lasting peace must be based.
Done in New York this 10th day of June, 2000
TRIBUNAL SCHEDULE AND LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
10 a.m. Doors open. Registration, if possible, show videos in the
cafeteria or auditorium.
11:00 a.m. - 11:30 p.m Catrin Schuetz and Anya Mukarji-Connolly
introduce judges and prosecutors: List of judges for the International
Tribunal on U.S./NATO War Crimes against Yugoslavia--New York,
June 10, 2000
LIST OF 16 JUDGES
1. Ben Dupuy--Haiti--Former Ambassador at Large for Haiti under
the first government of Jean-Bertrand Aristide and currently
secretary general of the Popular National Party (PPN) of Haiti.
2. Angeles Maestro Martin--Spain--Elected member of Spanish
parliament from Madrid and a leader in the movement to end
sanctions against Iraq .
3. Cimile Cakir --Turkey; journalist for newspaper serving Kurdish
community and member of Turkish Human Rights Association.
Imprisoned four years in Turkey for human rights activity..
4. Rev. Kiyul Chung--Korea--Rev. Ki Yul Chung, chairperson of the
Executive Committee of the Congress for Korean Unification in
North America.
5. John Nickels--Roma--U.S. representative of the International
Romani Union and also a judge in the Romani community in the U.S.
6. Jorge Farinacci--Puerto Rico--leader of the Socialist Front of
Puerto Rico and a long-time leader of the independence movement in
Puerto Rico.
7. Ray Laforest--Haitian-American--labor unionist in the American
Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees and a leader of
the Haitian Coalition for Justice, an organization that fights police
brutality in New York.
8. Uma Cutwal -originally from India, Uma Cutwal is president of
Local 375 of the Civil Service Technical Union District Council 37 of
American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees.
9. Dr. Christa Anders--Germany--doctor of medicine and an
organizer of the German/European Tribunal.
10. Raniero La Valle--Italy--Former senator who has served 14 years
in the Italian parliament and an anti-war leader in Catholic circles and
spokesperson for the Italian War Crimes Tribunal movement.
11. Dr. Wolfgang Richter--Germany--Chairperson of the Society for
the Protection of Civil Rights and Human Dignity and a leader of the
War Crimes Tribunal movement in Germany.
12. Martha Grevatt--United States--National Secretary of the AFL-
CIO for Lesbian/Gay/Bi/Trans Labor Organization called Pride at
Work, and active in the United Auto Workers.
13. Michael Ratner--United States--Civil Rights Attorney on the
National Board of the Center for Constitutional Rights and he took the
U.S. government to court for violating the War Powers Act in its
undeclared war against Yugoslavia.
14. Yole Stanesic--Yugoslavia, Russia--Montenegrin poet and writer
living in Russia, member of the tribunals in Yaroslav, Kiev and
Belgrade.
15. John Black--United States--retired President of the Health and
Hospital Workers Union in Pennsylvania, responsible for bringing
many thousands of hospital workers into the union. As a teenager in
Germany he was active in the anti-Nazi underground resistance.
16. Dr. Berta Joubert--Puerto Rico--psychiatrist working in public
health and organizer of Puerto Rican and African American anti-
racist activities in Philadelphia.
The Prosecutor team:
Ramsey Clark, former U.S. attorney general and founder of the
International Action Center;
Pat Chin--originally from Jamaica, International Action Center
spokesperson for solidarity with Haiti and Yugoslavia and other issues;
Sara Flounders, International Action Center national co-director,
participant in numerous tribunal hearings;
Gloria La Riva, a leader of the Peace for Cuba Committee, producer
of video NATO Targets.
(All were in Yugoslavia either during the war or participating in
seminars or meetings after the war.)
Short opening remarks by Ramsey Clark, who will be lead prosecutor.
Opening greetings from Mikhail Kuznetsov of the International
Peoples Tribunal organized from Russia and Ukraine and other
former Soviet countries.
Part I: Crimes against peace. (11:30 a.m. - 1:00 p.m.)
Our first witness is Lenora Foerstel (Maryland) of Women for Mutual
Security. She has recently edited a book War, Lies and Videotape;
about the control of the media.
Jared Israel (Massachusetts). Jared Israel produced a film called
Judgement showing how the corporate media distorted a picture to
produce a Big Lie.
Jean Hatton (Great Britain), from the anti-war movement in Britain.
Spoke of how massacre stories were used to justify the war.
Christopher Black (Canada), one of a group of Canadian attorney’s
who filed a suit charging NATO with war crimes at what is called the
International Criminal Court for the Former Yugoslavia at the Hague.
Speaks on ICFTY, how the Hague Tribunal was a part of the
preparation for war.
Monica Moorehead (U.S.) of Millions for Mumia and contributing
editor to Workers World newspaper, an expert on the prison-industrial
complex in the United States.
Michel Collon, (Belgium) author of two books on the Balkans, Liar’s
Poker, and Monopoly; and contributor to the weekly newspaper,
Solidaire, on the geo-political aims of the war, the Caspian pipelines.
Kadouri Al Kaysi an Iraqi American who has organized to expose the
impact of sanctions on Iraq.
Stratis Kounias, vice-president of the Greek Committee for Peace
and Professor at the University of Athens on NATO’s role in Greece
and the Greek anti-war movement.
John Catalinotto (New York), journalist and researcher who has
represented the International Action Center at tribunals in Vienna and
Belgrade, on Washington’s premeditated plan regarding NATO and
the attack on Yugoslavia.
Roland Keith (Canada), a monitor for the Observer Mission that was
supposed to maintain the peace in Kosovo in 1998, before the war, on
the real role of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe’s Observer mission in Kosovo and Metohija.
Preston Wood (California), who participated in hearings in Novi Sad
and who organized opposition to the war in Los Angeles, especially in
the Lesbian/Gay/Bi/Trans community to present to the tribunal the
truth about the supposed massacre in Racak, Kosovo, used to justify
the attack on Yugoslavia.
Richard Becker (California), who has written and spoken extensively
on the role of the talks held in Rambouillet, France in February and
March 1999. Rambouillet ultimatum as provocation.
Gregor Kneussel (Austria), from the Austrian tribunal about the role
of Constitutionally neutral Austria regarding Yugoslavia and in
delivering this NATO ultimatum.
Part II. War Crimes & Crimes Against Humanity
La Riva, Gloria Prosecutor (California), used the video she produced,
NATO Targets, to show how the U.S./NATO bombs hit civilian
targets, from hospitals to bridges to factories.
Sarah Sloan (New York), IAC Commission of Inquiry researcher on
NATO claim it tried to minimize damage to civilian facilities in
Yugoslavia. She used a March 15, 2000 Newsweek article that
exposed that NATO hit very few military targets.
Ellen Catalinotto (New York) is a midwife who has delivered over
1,200 babies to mostly poor women in the New York City. She also
cares for HIV infected women and is involved in research on ways to
prevent the transmission of HIV from pregnant women to their
babies. She reported on NATO’s bombing of 33 hospitals including
damage to the maternity ward at Dragisa Micovic hospital in
Belgrade.
Prof. Ivan Yatsenko (Russia), former Soviet officer and foreign
representative, now teaches law in Moscow. He described damage to
Yugoslav industrial infrastructure and how it cost a half-million jobs.
Admiral Elmar Schmaehling (Germany), former admiral and leading
spokesperson for the German tribunal movement. He spoke on the
aggressive posture of NATO since the collapse of the USSR and its
illegal attack on Yugoslavia.
Judi Cheng (New Jersey), IAC researcher. She showed how
unreasonable it was to believe that the bombing of Chinese embassy
in Belgrade was an accident.
Dr. Janet Eaton (Canada), biologist and environment expert Dr. Janet
Eaton to the stand, on destruction of the environment in Yugoslavia,
especially the damage from attacks on the petrochemical plant at
Pancevo and other industrial targets.
Dr. Carlo Pona (Italy) A physicist who attended a conference in
Belgrade about depleted uranium and has written about this subject,
Pona explained why DU is dangerous to humans and how it was used
in Yugoslavia.
Fulvio Grimaldi (Italy), video maker and journalist. Grimaldi, who has
just completed edited a film on sanctions in Iraq and Yugoslavia,
described the combined impact of impact of bombing and sanctions on
the population of Yugoslavia.
Deirdre Griswold (New York) has recently visited sites of U.S. war
crimes in south Korea, is editor in chief of Workers World
newspaper. She spoke about the pattern of criminal conduct of the
U.S. military and how the 1950 war crimes led to a continuing 50-
year occupation of Korea.
Shani Rifati (Roma), originally from the Romani community in
Kosovo, publishes an English-language newsletter about Romani
affairs named Voice of Roma. He spoke of the horrors the Roma
people faced in Kosovo under K-FOR and KLA occupation.
Milos Raickovich Serb-American composer and anti-war activist,
spoke on the destruction of churches and cultural sites in occupied
Kosovo and Metohija.
Professor Michel Chossudovsky (Canada), an expert historian and
economist, showed the role of the so-called Kosovo Liberation Army
and its ties to U.S. and German intelligence services, ties to NATO
and the United Nations Rep. Bernard Kouchner.
Scott Taylor (Canada), former soldier, who now publishes the Ottawa-
based magazine, Espirit de Corps, celebrated for its unflinching
scrutiny of the Canadian military. He also appears regularly in the
Canadian media as a military analyst. He witnessed the expulsion of
the Serb population from the Krajina in Croatia by an army led by
KLA General Ceku.
Professor Barry Lituchy (New York), who has recently returned
from a trip to Yugoslavia, described how the NATO occupying forces
known as K-FOR have participated in expelling parts of the
population from Kosovo.
Professor Greg Elich (United States), has recently visited the
Balkans. He spoke on the un-humanitarian nature of . NATO’s
occupation of Kosovo.
Gilles Troude (France), on the editorial board of Balkans-Info, a pro-
Yugoslavia, anti-NATO monthly published in Paris, France since
1996. He described France’s role in the war and in suppressing
dissent at home.
Professor Jorge Cadima (Portugal), a regular contributor on NATO-
related subjects to to Avante, the weekly newspaper of the
Portuguese Communist Party, spoke on the role of NATO in Portugal
since 1949 and on popular resistance to the war.
5:30-6:15 Messages of solidarity and struggle
Ismael Guadalupe (Puerto Rico) The Committee for the Rescue and
Development of Vieques on the relationship of Vieques to
Yugoslavia. He showed how the U.S. used Vieques for target
practice to prepare for the war against Yugoslavia, and they do so for
all foreign aggression.
Representative of Cuban Interest Section, spoke on Cuba’s suit
against U.S. for the costs of the embargo.
UN Ambassador Jovanovic of Yugoslavia, gave evidence of his own
government’s charges against the U.S. and NATO for war crimes.
His talk was in fact a summary of much of the day’s proceedings.
Brian Becker, co-director of the IAC, spoke on the need to form a
worldwide movement to abolish NATO.
Ramsey Clark reiterated some of the main points developed during
the day and stressed the need to come to a unified conclusion that
would find NATO guilty over a broad spectrum of charges—the 19
charges included in the original indictment—and lead to a struggle to
abolish NATO.
International Action Center
39 West 14th Street, Room 206
New York, NY 10011
email: iacenter@...
web: www.iacenter.org
CHECK OUT THE NEW SITE www.mumia2000.org
phone: 212 633-6646
fax: 212 633-2889
---
http://www.workers.org
-------------------------
Via Workers World News Service
Reprinted from the June 15, 2000
issue of Workers World newspaper
-------------------------
Hague tribunal denounced for exonerating NATO war criminals
By John Catalinotto
Anti-war organizations and individuals around the world reacted in
indignation to the announcement June 2 that the International Criminal
Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia was exonerating NATO of all charges
of war crimes committed against Yugoslavia.
Carla Del Ponte, chief prosecutor for the tribunal at The Hague, said
that the court had examined charges brought against NATO by various
forces. She said that after considerable study the court decided there
was no reason to pursue any of these charges.
Lawyers' groups in Canada, Russia, Greece, France, Yugoslavia and the
United States had brought charges before the court. Charges included the
use of cluster bombs and depleted uranium weapons, as well as dropping
bombs on civilian targets. The civilian targets included the Serb
television station, the Chinese Embassy, a train crossing a bridge and a
convoy of refugees in Kosovo--most of which have been reported in the
mainstream media.
International Action Center co-director Sara Flounders said Del Ponte's
announcement shows that "a people's court has to bring charges against
U.S. and NATO leaders if we want to preserve the truth of this war for
history."
The IAC initiated such a people's tribunal on July 31, 1999, and will
hold its final hearing this June 10 in New York. Flounders said anti-war
activists, elected representatives and prominent personalities from 18
nations will participate in the International Tribunal on U.S./NATO War
Crimes against Yugoslavia.
Flounders noted that "Del Ponte made her announcement just as people's
tribunals were taking place in Rome and Berlin that were finding NATO
leaders guilty of war crimes. And we were preparing our final tribunal
for the following week. In the Netherlands, lawyers are bringing charges
against government leaders on June 9.
"There is no doubt U.S. and NATO leaders planned the aggressive war
against Yugoslavia over a long period, that they purposely bombed
civilian targets, and that they used weapons illegal under international
treaties. And there is no doubt Del Ponte was told to make this
announcement now in an attempt to counter the success of these people's
tribunals in bringing U.S./NATO crimes to the light of day," charged
Flounders.
"We note that the article in the June 3 New York Times on Del Ponte's
announcement described the lawyers who brought charges to the ICTFY
court as 'paid by Yugoslavia.' We know for a fact that the lawyers in
many different countries--including Canada, France, Russia and
Greece--do their work out of their personal conviction. They often do
this at great personal sacrifice, and they have succeeded in exposing
the ICTFY as a corrupt court in the pay of the U.S. and other NATO
powers."
'A corrupt tribunal is worse
than none at all'
Workers World spoke with Prof. Michael Mandel, one of a group of
Canadian attorneys who had brought charges to the ICTFY court.
Mandel said that Del Ponte's decision was no surprise to him, and that
his group had denounced the tribunal as a farce and a disgrace in March.
"The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia is a
corrupt institution," said Mandel. "It declared its own corruption with
the announcement by the prosecutor, Carla Del Ponte, that she is
completely satisfied that NATO did not commit war crimes in Yugoslavia
and for that reason is not going to open an inquiry.
"You might want to ask how she became satisfied of their innocence
without an inquiry.
"NATO committed every crime from mass murder on down in front of the
world and it confessed its guilt in every press conference of Jamie
Shea," said Mandel.
"A corrupt tribunal is worse than no tribunal at all. This one should be
shut down and Del Ponte fired, to find work in some other department of
the Pentagon," said Mandel. He noted that the first prosecutor of the
tribunal, Canadian Louise Arbour, was rewarded with a life appointment
to the Supreme Court of Canada by Premier Jean Chretien.
In Italy, former senator and religious philosopher Raniero La Valle
denounced the ICTFY as a "victor's tribunal" that was set up
specifically to persecute the Milosevic government in Yugoslavia. La
Valle said that "it is important that justice be found also outside of
its traditional seats and be proclaimed before the tribunal of public
opinion." He was referring specifically to the tribunals to be held June
3 in Rome and June 10 in the U.S. inspired by former U.S. Attorney
General Ramsey Clark.
La Valle will participate at the June 10 tribunal in New York, which
will take place from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. at the Martin Luther King High
School Auditorium at 66th Street and Amsterdam Ave. in Manhattan. The
doors open at 10 a.m.
---
Subject: Berliner Tribunal gegen die NATO
Date: Mon, 12 Jun 2000 23:56:01 +0200
From: Jug Öster Solibeweg <joesb@...>
To: <joesb@...>
„Die Tribunalbewegung fortsetzen“
Vorstellungsbeitrag der JÖSB beim Europäischen Tribunal gegen die Nato
in
Berlin am 2./3. Juni 2000
Die 90er Jahre wurden als der Beginn des Zeitalters der Menschenrechte,
der
Freiheit und der Demokratie ausgerufen, eben als Anfang einer „Neuen
Weltordnung“.
Doch sehr schnell stellte sich diese als ihr genaues Gegenteil heraus.
Das
Jahrzehnt begann mit einer gewaltigen Krieg gegen den Irak, einer
Aggression
die bis heute andauern und bereits Millionen das Leben gekostet hat. Und
das
Jahrzehnt endete wie es begonnen hatte, nämlich abermals mit einem
Bombenkrieg, diesmal gegen Jugoslawien. Dieser Krieg war nur der
vorläufige
Höhepunkt einer Aggression zur Zerschlagung Jugoslawiens, die ebenso
bereits
Jahre andauert.
Viele werden sich fragen woher diese Aggressivität kommt? Es ist
unmodern
geworden den Grund auf den Punkt, auf den Begriff zu bringen. Man muss
sich
gefallen lassen, als Dinosaurier bezeichnet zu werden. Doch es gibt
keinen
Begriff, der den Sachverhalt besser darstellen könnte – es handelt sich
schicht und einfach um Imperialismus! [anhaltender Applaus] Und die NATO
ist
die Speerspitze dieses Imperialismus.
Solange die NATO und der Imperialismus existiert wird es den Frieden,
für
den wir uns alle einsetzen, niemals geben.
Darum ist das Ziel des Wiener Tribunals nicht nur die öffentliche
Verurteilung der Regierung für den Bruch der in der Verfassung
festgelegten
Neutralität, sondern die Verhinderung des Beitritts Österreichs zur NATO
und
der Erhalt unserer Neutralität. Wir kämpfen für die Auflösung der NATO,
was
angesichts des zu erwartenden Widerstands nichts anderes als ihre
Zerschlagung bedeuten kann.
*******
DAS URTEIL DES EUROPAEISCHEN TRIBUNAL
(http://www.jungewelt.de/2000/06-05/012.shtml)
sowie eine umfangreiche Dokumentation kann in der Berliner
Tageszeitung "JUNGE WELT" abgerufen werden.
Die Ergebnisse des Wiener Tribunal können auf der Netzseite der JÖSB
eingesehen werden: http://www.vorstadtzentrum.net/joesb
****************************
INDICTMENT BY THE VIENNA TRIBUNAL
(submitted to the international tribunal against NATO war crimes in New
York
on the fortcoming weekend)
I Preamble
1) NATO, the United States of America, the Federal Republic of Germany,
the
United Kingdom, Turkey, Spain, the Netherlands, Croatia, Hungary, Italy,
France and others - after failing to force the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia at the so-called "peace negotiations" in Paris and
Rambouillet to
accept an extortionate ultimatum which in fact aimed at the occupation
of
the entire territory of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and had been
declared a condition sine qua non - without a declaration of war and
without
a resolution by the United Nations Security Council launched warlike
rocket
and bombing attacks against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
deliberately
murdering Serbs, Kosovo-Albanians, Roma, Muslims, Orthodox-Christians,
Catholics and foreign nationals.
By doing this they destroyed and damaged economic, social, cultural,
medical, diplomatic and religious resources.
In the course of their criminal war of aggression, NATO and the
above-mentioned states cut off the population of Yugoslavia from food,
water, electric energy, food production, medicines and medical services.
By
means of rocket and aerial bombing attacks they systematically destroyed
and
damaged waterworks and agricultural irrigation installations, factories,
fertilisers and vegetation, pharmaceutical production works, hospitals
and
health service installations as well as other objects needed for human
survival. The aggressors attack chemical factories, oil refineries,
petrol
and natural gas stores, fertiliser plants, installations and localities
with
the aim of releasing, on a wide scale, radioactive and other dangerous
substances into the atmosphere, the soil, the ground-water and the
foodchain, poison the environment and harm the population. They employed
banned arms, attacked the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia with rockets,
bombs
and missiles which contained Depleted Uranium (DU) and released
radioactive
substances into the atmosphere the soil, the ground-water, the foodchain
as
well as into solid objects, thus exposing the Yugoslav population to
health
hazards for generations to come.
2) With these actions NATO and the above-mentioned states violated
International Law, especially art. 2 chapter 7 of the UN-Charter; the
Declaration on Non-intervention; the Resolution on the Definition of
Aggression, 1997 UNGA 3314; articles 52 and 53 of the Convention on the
Law
of Treaties of 23 May, 1969; the Treaty on the Banning of War, the
Briand-Kelog-Pact of Paris, 1928, articles 1 and 2; the Hague
Conventions,
especially the Fourth Hague Convention of 18 October, 1907; the Geneva
Convention on the Protection of Civilians in Times of War, 1949; the
Statutes of the Nuremberg Tribunal, principles VI a, b and c; the Geneva
Additional Protocol 1977, articles 48 and 51; the Geneva Protocol on the
Use
of Asphyxiating, Poisonous and Similar Gases as well as of
Bacteriological
Substances in Wars, of 1925; the European Convention on the Peaceful
Settlement of conflicts, of 29 April, 1957 and also violated national
penal
codes concerning murder, duresse, dangerous threat, wilful destruction,
arson, damage to the environment, formation of gangs for the purpose of
carrying out criminal plots and genocide.
II THE VIENNA TRIBUNAL BRINGS A POLITICAL INDICTMENT AGAINST:
The Federal Government of the Republic of Austria
Chancellor Mag. Victor Klima
Vice Chancellor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Dr. Wolfgang Schüssel
Minister of Defence Dr. Werner Fasslabend
Former EU-Special Representative Dr. Wolfgang Petritsch, present High
Representative for Bosnia
Former Minister of Foreign Affairs Dr. Alois Mock
a) in particular against former minister of foreign affairs Dr. Alois
Mock
on the basis of the well-founded suspicion of openly taking position
(politically, economically and logistically) and intervening in a civil
war - thereby violating neutrality - by abetting the destruction of the
sovereign Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, through furthering -
in
contravention of international law - and politically supporting the
secession by force of member republics of the SFR of Yugoslavia by way
of
the official recognition - in violation of international law and the
status
of neutrality - of member republics of the SFR of Yugoslavia which had
seceded with the use of force.
(Violation of the neutrality law; of the UN-Charter; of the principle
regarding the obligation of non-intervention in matters which, according
to
the Charter, pertain to the national competence of a state; Declaration
of
the United Nations)
b) in particular against the former EU-Special Representative Dr.
Wolfgang
Petritsch on the basis of his collaboration in the "peace accords"
elaborated in the course of the so-called "peace negotiations" in Paris
and
Rambouillet, including Annex B which contains an extortionate occupation
diktat postulating, as conditio sine qua non, the occupation of the
entire
national territory of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia with the
threat, in
case of non-compliance, of immediate war actions through bombing attacks
against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
(Jeopardizing of neutrality according to Austrian penal code, paragraph
320;
violation of chapter 1 art. 2 and chapter 7 of the UN-Charter; the
Declaration on Non-intervention of 24 October, 1970; the
Briand-Kelog-Pact
of 27 August, 1928; of art. 52 and 53 of the Convention on the Law of
Treaties; violation of paragraphs 105, 106 of the Austrian penal code
/severe duresse/)
c) against the Austrian Federal Government and the above-mentioned
statesmen
on the grounds of the well-founded suspicion of having abetted the
aggressive actions of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (see above
I/1)
which, having mandated itself, without decision or mandate by the
Security
Council, by violating the obligation under international law to renounce
on
the use of force in international relations and in relations among
states,
waged a war of aggression against the territory of a sovereign state,
and
thus, on the well-founded suspicion of having violated Austria's
Everlasting
Neutrality, enshrined in international law, by not adhering to the
obligations of an everlastingly neutral state to always comport itself
in
times of war and of peace in a manner that excludes favouring one side
of a
conflict and also on the grounds of the well-founded suspicion of openly
taking sides - politically, economically and logistically - in a civil
war.
c2) and in particular against Federal Chancellor Mag. Victor Klima and
foreign Minister Dr. Wolfgang Schüssel on the basis of their open
support
for and abetting of the NATO war of aggression - violating international
law - at the EU-summit in Berlin and the 50th anniversary NATO-summit in
Washington.
(accessory to the violation of the UN-Charter; the Briand-Kelog-Pact;
the
Declaration on Non-intervention; the Declaration on Non-interference;
the
Resolution on the Definition of Aggression; art. 22 and 23 of the fourth
Hague Concention as well as of the other norms of international law set
out
under I/2, and of the violation of the law on neutrality)
d) on the basis of the well-founded suspicion of abetting the violation
of
the ban on waging "ecological war" carried out by NATO - see I/1 on the
perpetration of criminal actions (i.e. bombing of oil refineries,
chemical
factories and others, damaging and destroying installations, thereby
causing
negative effects on the environment, locally and regionally) as well as
the
use of banned weapons (cluster bombs and munition made of depleted
uranium,
DU)
(Violation of the UN-Charter and the other norms of international law
listed
under I/2, in particular the 1925 Geneva Agreement on the Banning of
Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases; the Convention on the Banning of
the
Use of Means Affecting the Environment, 1977; the Geneva Convention of
12
August, 1949 on the Protection of Civilians in Times of War)
e) on the basis of the well-founded suspicion that at the time of war
the
Austrian Federal Government did not verify violations of the Austrian
air
space by NATO-airforces with regard to their armaments not did it
protest
against such violations, although it would have been obliged to do so
according to international law as well as according to Austrian
neutrality
law - violations which, although not authorised in this case by Austria,
increased massively during that period, according to information
provided by
Austrian air traffic control (which fact does not elucidate how many of
these overflights possibly took place in support of the NATO air war);
based
also on the fact repeated transits through Austria by NATO vehicles to
bases
in Hungary for a long time previously, which can be assumed to have been
not
solely "humanitarian" transports.
(Violation of the 1965 Declaration on Non-intervention; of the Agreement
on
the Peaceful Settlement of International conflicts - First Hague
Convention
on the Outbreak of Hostilities; of the Third Hague Convention of 18
October,
1907; of the Austrian Neutrality Law; of the Austrian Federal Law of 18
October, 1977 on the import, export and transit of war material)
f) based on a well-founded suspicion of transmitting perceptions,
regardless
of their content of truth, pertaining to the intelligence department,
regarding activities on the territory of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia,
by Austrian authorities to NATO services, which fact must lead to the
assumption of violation of neutrality obligations by Austria.
(Violation of the Declaration of Non-interference; of the
Briand-Kelog-Pact
of 1928; of the UN-Charter; of the Austrian law on neutrality)
g) based on the well-founded suspicion of restraining the effectuation
of
non-military and non-violent possibilities of conflict resolution; such
as
the prevention by neutral Austria of tasks ascribed to the OSCE,
possibly by
means of a "withdrawal order" addressed to NATO; of handing over, for
the
first time ever, of a mandate to a US-representative, in this case US
Ambassador William Walker (during whose period as US Ambassador in El
Salvador the dirty war in El Salvador, carried out with the complicity
of
the USA, reached its climax); failure on the part of the Federal
Government
to oppose the - improper - use of the OSCE in the strategic preparation
of
the War against Yugoslavia and the logistic support of NATO as well as
failure to eliminate the suspension of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia as
member of the organisation with a view to favour attempts at bringing
about
negotiated settlements.
(Violation of the stipulations of the CSCE and OSCE; of the Austrian law
on
neutrality; violation of the agreement on protection and compromise
procedures within the OSCE, Stockholm, 15 December, 1992)
h) on the basis of the well-founded suspicion of at least tacitly
consenting
to inflammatory reporting, especially regarding the Serbian sector of
the
population of the Yugoslav Republic; on the well-founded suspicion of
inciting population groups on the territory of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia against each other, especially in media subjected to public
law
and of omitting - on the part of the Federal Government of Austria - to
intervene in order to insist on publishing denials, thus raising doubts
regarding Austria's everlasting neutrality.
(Violation of the braodcasting law and the Austrian neutrality law)
III
On the basis of the suspicion outlined above, the representatives of the
preparatory committee of the Vienna Tribunal demand that the Vienna
Tribunal
of 4 December, 1999 indict the Federal Government of Austria and the
statesmen listed above on the grounds of favouring and supporting the
NATO
aggression against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and of being
accessory
to a conspicuous violation of international law; as well as on the
well-founded suspicion of approval (which has to be rejected out of
political, moral and humanist convictions) of a "New World Order" which
was
a consequence of this war and which contains a continuously proclaimed
right
of "humanitarian intervention" on the part of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organisation (NATO) that is to be carried out with the force of arms and
the
backing - on a global scale - of the strongest military power.
The verdict will be placed at the disposal of the International
Tribunal,
represented by Mr. Ramsey Clark, for the general indictment before the
International Court of Justice in The Hague.
*****
The Vienna tribual on December 4th, 1999 has judged the persons and
institutions named above to be guilty for the crimes stated.
****************************
Jugoslawisch-Österreichische Solidaritätsbewegung (JÖSB)
PF 217, A-1040 Wien, Österreich
Tel/Fax +43 1 924 31 61
joesb@...
www.vorstadtzentrum.net/joesb
Kto-Nr. 9282, RB Schwechat, BLZ 32823
---
TRIBUNALE ITALIANO CONTRO I CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN YUGOSLAVIA
065181048- FAX 068174010
E-MAIL: s.deangelis@... ponac@...
ADESIONI AGGIORNATE AL I° GIUGNO
FALCO ACCAME
GRUPPO DIRITTO E GIUSTIZIA DELLA FED. ROMANA DI RIF.COMUNISTA
Ti invio l'adesione all'assemblea del 3 giugno del Coordinamento
Nazionale
delle delegate e dei delegati RSU (il nostro sito è
<http://www.ecn.org/coord.rsu/>
Aderisco fermamente all'iniziativa
Sergio Mauri - Associazione Culturale Telematica Sottovoce: le parole
sono importanti
Chers Camarades
Nous vous prions de ne pas oublier que nous ausi, le Front
anti-imperialiste, se
joint à votre initiative.
Salutations communistes
Alexandre Moumbaris, président FAI
Roberto Sacco University of Edinburgh
CERN-EP Geneva
ADERIAMO CON ASSOLUTA CONVINZIONE ALL'INIZIATIVA DEL TRIBUNALE CONTRO I
CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN JUGOSLAVIA.
VINCA LA VERITA' DEI POPOLI CONTRO LA MENZOGNA E LA PROTERVIA DEI
POTENTI.
MARISA MANTOVANI, GUIDO CRISTINI - MANTOVA
Donatella Cavani Bologna
Adriana Samaritani Bologna
Marco Palmieri Bologna
Rita Zappa Bologna
Jonhatan Palmieri Bologna
Elena Rainaldi Bologna
Leonardo Trozzi Bologna
Ilaria Bussoni Roma
Alberto Burgio Bologna
Aderiamo molto volentieri al Tribunale Internazionale per i crimini
della
Guerra NATO in Jugoslavia consapevoli che il proseguimento della
battaglia
perchè giustizia e informazione siano fatte è la condizione necessaria
per
avviare uno sbocco positivo alla storia recente della Jugoslavia, e per
una
rimessa in discussione dell'attuale sistema di "sicurezza" NATO.
Cobas scuola sardegna
Aderisco all'iniziativa, anche se non potrò parteciparvi personalmente.
Gli errori ed orrori che una fantomatica sinistra legittima in nome di
una democrazia dei cannoni si pagano, anche in termini elettorali,
preoccupazione principe della sinistra che non governa pur stando al
governo.
Con l'augurio di buon lavoro
umberta torti
Chiara Giorgi Bologna
Roberto Bui Roma
Elio Pagani Venegono Inf. VA
Marco Tambolini Varese
Angelo Sacco Varese
Dino De Simone Varese
Eugenia Gioia Varese
Vincenzo Scalia Bologna
Giovanni Turbanti S. Pietro in Casale BO
Simona Galeotti Bologna
Felice Minicozzi Bologna
Giancarlo Gaeta Bologna
Fabio Rizzoli Bologna
Guido Bartolucci Bologna
Paola Maiardi Bologna
Giovanni Giuseppe Nicosia Bologna
Mirella Agostini Budrio BO
Silvia Scatena Pescia PT
Comitato Sardo Gettiamo le Basi
Aderiamo all'appello,
Obiettori Caritas di Fidenza (pr)
Aderiamo all'appello contenente i capi d'accusa contro le massime
autorità
istituzionali del nostro paese, pur non potendeo partecipare
personalmente
alla sessione del tribunale che si terrà il 3 giugno. La verità verrà
alla
luce e alla coscienza dei popoli.
Giuliana Beltrame , Antonino Morvillo - Padova
nel comunicarvi che abbiamo girato a tutta la nostra rete l'appello per
il 3
giugno, vi comunichiamo la nostra adesione e cercheremo anche di esserci
.
DONNE IN NERO ROMA----
condividendo i punti di accusa contro la Nato aderisco all'appello
promosso
dal Tribunale Internazionale contro i crimini della Nato in Yugoslavia
carla francone, direttore periodico comunista nuova unità
La Lega per i diritti dei popoli aderisce all'iniziativa
Luciano Ardesi
segretario nazionale
-Lega per i Diritti dei Popoli
Le Donne in Nero contro la guerra di Firenze aderiscono all'appello
contro
i crimini commessi dalla Nato durante la guerra in Kosovo.
Vedremo di partecipare a >Roma il 3 giugno 2000 all'ultima sessione
italiana del tribuynale internazionale indipendente contro i crimini
commessi dalla Nato.
DiN - Firenze
Adesione dell'Osservatorio Etico Ambientale all'iniziativa del
Tribunale Internazionale del 3 giugno 2000
Caro Stefano,
Ti comunico la nostra adesione preannunciando la presentazione
della Dichiarazione di Arresto e Mandato di Cattura a carico del
Procuratore capo della Procura di Roma reo di NON aver iniziato
l'azione penale nei confronti dei governanti colpevoli, già denunciati
dal Popolo Sovrano.
Cordiali saluti,
Marco Saba
Osservatorio Etico Ambientale
Mandato di cattura a carico di Vecchione
Milano, 29 maggio 2000
Egregio Avv. Mattina,
facendo riferimento al documento da Lei inviato in rete nel febbraio
scorso contenente tra l'altro il decreto di archiviazione da parte
del Dr. Vecchione in merito alle denunce presentate dal Popolo Sovrano;
L'Osservatorio Etico Ambientale emette una Dichiarazione di
Arresto e Mandato di cattura a carico del Procuratore capo della
Procura di Roma reo di NON aver iniziato l'azione penale nei
confronti dei governanti colpevoli dei reati di tentata modifica
dell'ordinamento costituzionale tramite metodi non consentiti,
reati già denunciati.
Tale Mandato verrà presentato in occasione della riunione del
Tribunale Internazionale il 3 giugno prossimo. Contiamo di
incontrarLa in tale data per decidere assieme l'intervento.
Cordiali saluti,
Marco Saba
Osservatorio Etico Ambientale
Aderisco alla giornata del 3 giugno; in questo momento però non posso
muovermi da Bologna. Appena ho un pò di soldi vi manderò un contributo.
Ma il manifesto e liberazione stanno semplicemente zitti o adducono
ragioni per la non pubblicazione?
A presto
Fabrizio Giuliani
Do la mia personale adesione al testo "Processiamoli"
Paolo Nerozzi
Aderiamo molto volentieri all'appello PAX CHRISTI - PUNTO PACE BOLOGNA
UN Ponte per..
Fabio Alberti
L'Associazione per la Pace aderisce e partecipa al Tribunale Clark e
sarà
presente all'iniziativa del 3 giugno a Roma.
Davide Berruti
Coordinatore Nazionale
Dani Flop
Aderisco all'iniziativa del tribunale contro i crimini NATO in
Jugoslavia di
cui condivido i capi d'accusa.
Il Comitato 7 Dicembre per l'abolizione della legislazione speciale
contro
il terrorismo (già Comitato per la libertà di Sergio Spina -
Bologna)aderisce all'iniziativa del 3 Giugno a Roma.
p. Angelo Cavagna e tutto il GAVCI aderiscono fermamente
al Tribunale Internazionale ed alle sue attivita'.
Purtroppo per diversi impegni non potremo essere a Roma.
Saluti di Pace.
Marco Cervino
fisico / physicist
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-ISAO, (ex IMGA e FISBAT)
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e dell'Oceano
Torino : Enrico Vigna, Associazione SOS Yugoslavia e coordinatore del
Tribunale a Torino.
Ci vediamo a Roma.
Ovviamente io aderisco e con me il "Collettivo Studenti a Sinistra"
dell'Università di Cagliari
A presto
Walter Falgio, Cagliari
aderisco anche se non potro' essere fisicamente presente
============================
Spartaco Vitiello
Con questa lettera aderisco alle attività del "TRIBUNALE
INTERNAZIONALE INDIPENDENTE CONTRO I CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN JUGOSLAVIA",
promosso da Ramsey Clark, con la stesura di 19 punti di accusa contro la
NATO ed i governi occidentali.
Sandro Mazzi.
Desidero aderire alle iniziative del Tribunale Clark, condividendone i
principi ed essendo stato testimone oculare dei crimini della NATO sia
in
Serbia che in Kosovo. Ricordo di essere stato in Kosovo due volte
durante la
guerra, ed altrettante prima e dopo a Pristina, Lipjan e Prizren.
Non posso garantire la mia presenza venerdì prossimo per turno di
servizio
in
ospedale; auguri di buon lavoro
Marino Andolina
Seguiamo con grande interesse le vostre iniziative, ma fino al 29 maggio
siamo molto impegnati contro le multinazionali di tebio qui a Genova
Per favore, continuate a tenerci al corrente!
Grazie-ciao
p. il Centro Ligure di documentazione per la pace
Norma Bertullacelli
Stefano de Angelis
Carlo Pona (ENEA)
Paolo Pioppi
Fulvio Grimaldi
Pasquale Vilardo
Marinella Correggia, Un ponte per...
Giovanni Russo Spena (capogruppo Senato PRC)
Gabriele Cerminara, magistrato
Domenico Gallo
Elettra Deiana
Nella Ginatempo
Forum delle donne del PRC
Fausto Sorini (direzione nazionale PRC)
Lidia Campagnano
prof. Angelo Baracca (università Firenze)
Ambretta Rampelli
Giulia Baroni, università di Roma
Aldo Bernardini, università di Teramo
Luisa Morgantini (parlamentare europea PRC)
Ivan Pavicevac
Anna Kosic
Comitato contro al guerra e la NATO - Ravenna
Coordinamento romagnolo contro la guerra e la NATO
Centro di documentazione "Patrizia Gatto" di Napoli.
Luigi Cortesi, rivista "Giano"
Giovanna Ricoveri, direttrice della rivista telematica Ecologia politica
Giorgio Nebbia, professore emerito università di Bari
Lavoratori autorganizzati Slai-Cobas di Ravenna
Alberto Bernardini (università di Padova)
Alessandra Areni
Eduardo Missoni
Paolo Rosignoli (editore, Ed. Achab)
Daniel Amit (Università di Roma)
Lucio Chiappetti (IFCTR/CNR - Milano)
Daniele Barbieri, cantieri sociali di Imola
Roberto Foco
Patrizio E. Tressoldi (Universita' di Padova)
Francesco Magnocavallo
Giorgio Cortellessa
Cesare ASCOLI (C.N.R. Pisa)
Franco Marenco (Enea)
Comitato contro la guerra di Bologna
Commissione esteri Federazione PRC di Bologna
Christian Fischer
Stefano Corradino
Missoni Eduardo
Fabio Baglioni (Casale Podere Rosa, Roma) -
GianLuca Schiavon
Fabiana Fantinel
Antonino Drago
Fabio Marcelli
Andrea Catone
Gennaro Carotenuto
Daniella Ambrosino
Lucio Triolo (ENEA)
Luca Nencini (ENEA)
Beatrice De Blasi (Pres. SCI)
Vincenzo Caffarelli (ENEA)
Roberto Verdi
Claudio Delbianco
Franco Romanò
Lorenzo Savioli, World Health Organization
Mario Patuzzo - Verona
Enrico Giardino (Forum DAC)
Francesca Lepori
Massimo Zucchetti, politecnico Torino
Marco Spada
Alessandra Filabozzi - LURE Centre Universitaire Paris Sud
Alberto Tarozzi
Libero Vitiello Universita' di Padova
Enrico Peyretti Torino
Vincenzo Brandi ENEA
Archivio Disarmo (Ornella Cacciò)
AIASP (Associazione Internazionale di amicizia e solidarietà con i
Popoli)
Rete Associazioni Popolari
OVD (Operatori volontari Difesa)
Casa dei Popoli di Roma
Coordinamento "Magma/Uscita di Sikurezza"
Most za beograd - un Ponte per Belgrado in terra di Bari
SCI
DP (Democrazia Popolare - Sinistra Unita)
Forum DAC tel. 06-3016877
Coordinamento Romano per la Jugoslavia
La redazione della rivista MAREA
Cipax - Centro Interconfessionale per la Pace - Roma -
Circolo "Puletti" del PRC ENEA Casaccia
Elena Fido e Stefano Minello
Kollettivo Estrella Roja, Cesena
Luigia Spaccamonti, Bologna
Associazione Italia-Nicaragua, Circolo di Viterbo
Andrea Fumagalli (Docente di Economia Politica)
Associazione culturale di solidarietà con la popolazione jugoslava
(BARI)
Andrea Catone
Red Ghost (materiali per la controinformazione e la lotta) - Ravenna,
Spazio Libero Autogestito PelleRossa - Cesena
Gordon Poole
Roberto Sensi
Giulio Sensi
Centro di Comunicazione Antagonista - Cremona
Sergio Ruggieri, Segretaria Federazione di Ancona P.R.C.
Rossana Montecchiani, Comitato Politico Nazionale P.R.C.
Antonio Bruno (Vice Presidente del Consiglio Comunale di Genova)
Fosco Valentini
Michele Melera
Enrico Peyretti, Torino
Maurizio Poletto - della segreteria CGIL -Torino.
Mensile "la nostra lotta"
Mauro Cristaldi
Mariacarla Castagna
Giorgio Cadoni
Valerio Gennaro
Medici per l'Ambiente (ISDE-Genova)
Roberto Spaccia
Antonio Moscato (docente università di Lecce)
Paolo Trezzi
Gruppo KHORAKHANE'
Antonio Onorati, presidente Centro Internazionale Crocevia
John Gilbert Coordinatore Nazionale Lettori Universitari SNUR-CGIL
(Universita' e Ricerca)
Coordinamento Romano per la Jugoslavia
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
alla giornata finale del Tribunale "Clark", New York 10/6/2000
* Un articolo da WORKERS WORLD
* CONCLUSIONI DEI LAVORI DELLE SEZIONI TEDESCA/EUROPEA ED AUSTRIACA
* GLI ADERENTI ALLA SEZIONE ITALIANA (aggiornamento primo giugno 2000)
---
Subject: U.S./NATO found guilty of war crimes against Yugoslavia
Date: Tue, 13 Jun 2000 21:42:52 -0400
From: iacenter@...
To: "International" <iacenter@...>
GUILTY!
On Saturday, June 10, 2000, the International Tribunal on U.S./NATO
War Crimes Against the People of Yugoslavia found U.S. and
NATO political and military leaders guilty of war crimes. At this
people's tribunal meeting in New York, held before over 500 people, a
panel of 16 judges from 11 countries rendered this verdict regarding
the March 24-June 10, 1999 U.S./NATO assault on Yugoslavia.
Former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark, the lead prosecutor at
the International Tribunal on U.S./NATO War Crimes Against
Yugoslavia, urged those present and those they represented from the
21 countries participating to carry out a sentence of organizing a
campaign to abolish the NATO military pact.
Ben Dupuy, former ambassador at large during the Aristide
Administration in Haiti, the Rev. Kiyul Chung of Korea, and auto
worker Martha Grevatt, who heads the AFL-CIO’s official
constituency group Pride at Work, read the three parts of the verdict
(included below).
Participants taking the witness stand included eyewitnesses,
researchers who visited Yugoslavia, renowned political and
economics analysts, historians, physicists, biologists, military
experts,
journalists and lay researchers. (A list of all the judges, and the
witnesses and their topics is included below.)
Many of these witnesses have in the past 15 months presented to
audiences worldwide a complete picture of the war NATO waged
against Yugoslavia. For the tribunal, however, all limited themselves
to a single area of expertise that made up a single part of the
evidence against the political and military leaders of the United States
and the other NATO countries.
Taken together, the judges decided, each single part contributed to
construct a proof that beyond a reasonable doubt proved the guilt of
the accused, just as the proper placing of single tiles can build a
mosaic.
The witnesses described how NATO forces used the media to spread
lies to demonize the Serbs and their leadership in order to prepare
public opinion to prepare for war. Then they showed the real
economic and geopolitical interests of the imperialist powers--the U.S.
and Western Europe—in seizing economic control of the area from
the Balkans to the oil-rich Caspian Sea.
Finally they demonstrated how Washington rigged the “Racak
massacre” and then used the so-called Rambouillet accord—in reality
an ultimatum demanding NATO's military control of all of Yugoslavia-
-to provoke the war. Taken together this all proved a crime against
peace.
They also showed the use of illegal weapons, the purposeful choice of
civilian targets and the destruction of the environment and the civilian
infrastructure that add up to war crimes. And the expulsion of
hundreds of thousands of people from Kosovo and Metohija that
prove crimes against humanity.
The witnesses’ presentations were accompanied in many cases by
slides and videos displayed on a large screen on the stage of the
auditorium at Martin Luther King Jr. High School in Manhattan. This
screen was easily visible both to the judges, who sat on the stage, and
to the hundreds in the audience, many of whom stayed throughout the
nine-hour day.
In addition, pictures and videos were on display in the hall outside the
auditorium, and documentary evidence was offered in books or in
research papers.
The International Action Center, founded by Clark in 1992, organized
this final session of the tribunal. There was also participation by
those
who had organized similar tribunal hearings in Germany, Italy, Austria,
Russia, Ukraine, Yugoslavia and Greece, where thousands declared
U.S. President Clinton a war criminal last November in Athens.
In addition to the witnesses, there were also important guest
presentations from representatives of the governments Yugoslavia
and Cuba. In addition, Ismael Guadalupe from Vieques, Puerto Rico
showed in a powerful speech how the practice runs against his small
island laid the basis for U.S./NATO aggression around the world.
According to the IAC organizers, total registration, including justices,
witnesses and staff was 511. Invited speakers, witnesses and judges
came from Haiti, Spain, Turkey, Korea, Puerto Rico, India, Germany,
United States, Canada, Italy, Yugoslavia, Russia, Britain, Belgium,
Iraq, Greece, Austria, France, and Portugal. The U.S. government
refused visas to four people from Ukraine, whose message was read
from the stage.
There were also representatives of the Roma people—often referred
to by the derisive term "gypsy." Shani Rifati, a Roma witness who
was born in Pristina, capital of Kosovo, told how NATO occupation
has led to the expulsion of 100,000 Romas. He pointed out that the
verdict condemned the persecution of Roma people, the first time this
has happened in any international tribunal.
Five different television crews taped the entire proceedings, including
Serbian television and a three-camera crew from Australia, as well as
alternate media sources in the U.S. like the Peoples Video Network.
FINAL JUDGEMENT OF THE COMMISSION OF INQUIRY TO
INVESTIGATE U.S./NATO WAR CRIMES AGAINST THE
PEOPLE OF YUGOSLAVIA
Final Judgement
The Members of the Independent Commission of Inquiry to
Investigate U.S./NATO War Crimes Against the People of
Yugoslavia, meeting in New York, having considered the Initial
Charges and Complaint of the Commission dated July 31, 1999,
against President William J. Clinton, Gen. Wesley Clark, Secretary of
State Madeleine Albright, Prime Minister Tony Blair, Chancellor
Gerhard Schroder, President Jacques Chirac, Prime Minister
Massimo D’Alema, Prime Minister Jose Maria Azmar, the
Governments of the United States and the other NATO member
states, former Secretary General Javier Solana and other NATO
leaders, and Others with nineteen separate Crimes Against Peace,
War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity in violation of the Charter
of the United Nations, the 1949 Geneva Conventions, other
international agreements and customary international law;
Having the right and obligation as citizens of the world to sit in
judgement regarding violations of international humanitarian law;
Having heard the testimony from Commissions of Inquiry and
Tribunals held within their own countries during the past year and
having received reports from numerous other Commission hearings
which recite the evidence there gathered;
Having been provided with documentary evidence, eyewitness
statements, photos, videotapes, special reports, expert analyses and
summaries of evidence available to the Commission;
Having access to all evidence, knowledge and expert opinion in the
Commission files or available to the Commission staff;
Having been provided by the Commission, or otherwise obtained,
various books, articles and other written materials on various aspects
of events and conditions in Yugoslavia and other countries in the
Balkans, and in the military and arms establishments;
Having considered newspaper coverage, magazine and periodical
reports, special publications, TV, radio and other media coverage and
public statements by the accused, other public officials and public
materials;
Having heard the presentations of the Commission of Inquiry in public
hearing on June 10, 2000, and the testimony, evidence and summaries
there presented;
And having met, considered and deliberated with each other and with
Commission staff and having considered all the evidence that is
relevant to the nineteen charges of criminal conduct alleged in the
Initial Complaint, make the following findings:
FINDINGS
The Members of the International War Crimes Tribunal find the
accused Guilty on the basis of the evidence against them and that
each of the nineteen separate crimes alleged in the Initial Complaint
has been established to have been committed beyond a reasonable
doubt. These are:
1. Planning and Executing the Dismemberment, Segregation and
Impoverishment of Yugoslavia.
2. Inflicting, Inciting and Enhancing Violence Between and Among
Muslims and Slavs.
3. Disrupting Efforts to Maintain Unity, Peace and Stability in
Yugoslavia.
4. Destroying the Peace-Making Role of the United Nations.
5. Using NATO for Military Aggression Against, and Occupation of,
Non-Compliant Poor Countries.
6. Killing and Injuring a Defenseless Population throughout
Yugoslavia.
7. Planning, Announcing and Executing Attacks Intended to
Assassinate the Head of Government, Other Government Leaders
and Selected Civilians in Yugoslavia.
8. Destroying and Damaging Economic, Social, Cultural, Medical,
Diplomatic -- including the Embassy of the People’s Republic of
China and other embassies -- and Religious Resources, Properties
and Facilities throughout Yugoslavia.
9 Attacking Objects Indispensable to the Survival of the Population of
Yugoslavia.
10. Attacking Facilities Containing Dangerous Substances and Forces.
11. Using Depleted Uranium, Cluster Bombs and Other Prohibited
Weapons.
12. Waging War on the Environment.
13. Imposing Sanctions through the United Nations that are a
Genocidal Crime Against Humanity.
14. Creating an Illegal Ad-Hoc Criminal Tribunal to Destroy and
Demonize the Serbian Leadership. The Illegitimacy of this Tribunal is
Further Demonstrated by its Failure to Bring Any Case Regarding the
Oppression of the Romani People, Who Have Suffered the Highest
Rate of Casualties of Any People in the Region.
15. Using Controlled International Media to Create and Maintain
Support for the U.S. Assault and to Demonize Yugoslavia, Slavs,
Serbs and Muslims as Genocidal Murderers.
16. Establishing the Long-Term Military Occupation of Strategic
Parts of Yugoslavia by NATO Forces.
17. Attempting to Destroy the Sovereignty, Right to Self-
Determination, Democracy and Culture of the Slavic, Muslim, Roma
and Other Peoples of Yugoslavia.
18. Seeking to Establish U.S. Domination and Control of Yugoslavia
and to Exploit Its People and Resources.
19. Using the Means of Military Force and Economic Coercion in
Order to Achieve U.S. Domination.
The Members hold NATO, the NATO states and their leaders
accountable for their criminal acts and condemn those found guilty in
the strongest possible terms. The Members condemn the NATO
bombardments, denounce the international crimes and violations of
international humanitarian law committed by the armed attack and
through other means such as economic sanctions. NATO has acted
lawlessly and has attempted to abolish international law.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The Members urge the immediate revocation of all embargoes,
sanctions and penalties against Yugoslavia because they constitute a
continuing crime against humanity. The Members call for the
immediate end to the NATO occupation of all Yugoslav territory, the
removal of all NATO and U.S. bases and forces from the Balkans
region, and the cessation of overt and covert operations, including the
“International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia” in the
Hague, aimed at overthrowing the government of Yugoslavia.
The Members further call for full reparations to be paid to the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia for death, injury, economic and environmental
damage resulting from the NATO bombing, economic sanctions and
blockades. Further, other states in the region which have suffered
economic and environmental damage due to the NATO bombing and
economic sanctions on Yugoslavia must also be awarded reparations.
The Members condemn the threat or use of military technology
against life, both civilian and military, as was used by the NATO
powers against the people of Yugoslavia.
The Members urge public action and mobilization to stop new and
continued sanctions and aggressions by the U.S. and other NATO
powers against Iraq, Cuba, North Korea, the countries of Eastern
Europe and the former Soviet Union, Puerto Rico, Asia, Sudan,
Colombia and other countries. We ask for the immediate cessation of
overt/covert activities by the U.S. and NATO in such countries.
The Members believe that the interests of peace, justice and human
progress require the abolition of NATO, which has proved itself
beyond any doubt to be an instrument of aggression for the dominant,
colonizing powers, particularly the United States. The Pentagon, the
central and key element of NATO and the greatest single threat to
the people of the world, must be disbanded.
The Members urge the Commission to provide for the permanent
preservation of the reports, evidence and materials gathered to make
them available to others, and to seek ways to provide the widest
possible distribution of the truth about the U.S./NATO war on
Yugoslavia.
We urge all people of the world to act on recommendations developed
by the Commission to hold power accountable and to secure social
justice on which lasting peace must be based.
Done in New York this 10th day of June, 2000
TRIBUNAL SCHEDULE AND LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
10 a.m. Doors open. Registration, if possible, show videos in the
cafeteria or auditorium.
11:00 a.m. - 11:30 p.m Catrin Schuetz and Anya Mukarji-Connolly
introduce judges and prosecutors: List of judges for the International
Tribunal on U.S./NATO War Crimes against Yugoslavia--New York,
June 10, 2000
LIST OF 16 JUDGES
1. Ben Dupuy--Haiti--Former Ambassador at Large for Haiti under
the first government of Jean-Bertrand Aristide and currently
secretary general of the Popular National Party (PPN) of Haiti.
2. Angeles Maestro Martin--Spain--Elected member of Spanish
parliament from Madrid and a leader in the movement to end
sanctions against Iraq .
3. Cimile Cakir --Turkey; journalist for newspaper serving Kurdish
community and member of Turkish Human Rights Association.
Imprisoned four years in Turkey for human rights activity..
4. Rev. Kiyul Chung--Korea--Rev. Ki Yul Chung, chairperson of the
Executive Committee of the Congress for Korean Unification in
North America.
5. John Nickels--Roma--U.S. representative of the International
Romani Union and also a judge in the Romani community in the U.S.
6. Jorge Farinacci--Puerto Rico--leader of the Socialist Front of
Puerto Rico and a long-time leader of the independence movement in
Puerto Rico.
7. Ray Laforest--Haitian-American--labor unionist in the American
Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees and a leader of
the Haitian Coalition for Justice, an organization that fights police
brutality in New York.
8. Uma Cutwal -originally from India, Uma Cutwal is president of
Local 375 of the Civil Service Technical Union District Council 37 of
American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees.
9. Dr. Christa Anders--Germany--doctor of medicine and an
organizer of the German/European Tribunal.
10. Raniero La Valle--Italy--Former senator who has served 14 years
in the Italian parliament and an anti-war leader in Catholic circles and
spokesperson for the Italian War Crimes Tribunal movement.
11. Dr. Wolfgang Richter--Germany--Chairperson of the Society for
the Protection of Civil Rights and Human Dignity and a leader of the
War Crimes Tribunal movement in Germany.
12. Martha Grevatt--United States--National Secretary of the AFL-
CIO for Lesbian/Gay/Bi/Trans Labor Organization called Pride at
Work, and active in the United Auto Workers.
13. Michael Ratner--United States--Civil Rights Attorney on the
National Board of the Center for Constitutional Rights and he took the
U.S. government to court for violating the War Powers Act in its
undeclared war against Yugoslavia.
14. Yole Stanesic--Yugoslavia, Russia--Montenegrin poet and writer
living in Russia, member of the tribunals in Yaroslav, Kiev and
Belgrade.
15. John Black--United States--retired President of the Health and
Hospital Workers Union in Pennsylvania, responsible for bringing
many thousands of hospital workers into the union. As a teenager in
Germany he was active in the anti-Nazi underground resistance.
16. Dr. Berta Joubert--Puerto Rico--psychiatrist working in public
health and organizer of Puerto Rican and African American anti-
racist activities in Philadelphia.
The Prosecutor team:
Ramsey Clark, former U.S. attorney general and founder of the
International Action Center;
Pat Chin--originally from Jamaica, International Action Center
spokesperson for solidarity with Haiti and Yugoslavia and other issues;
Sara Flounders, International Action Center national co-director,
participant in numerous tribunal hearings;
Gloria La Riva, a leader of the Peace for Cuba Committee, producer
of video NATO Targets.
(All were in Yugoslavia either during the war or participating in
seminars or meetings after the war.)
Short opening remarks by Ramsey Clark, who will be lead prosecutor.
Opening greetings from Mikhail Kuznetsov of the International
Peoples Tribunal organized from Russia and Ukraine and other
former Soviet countries.
Part I: Crimes against peace. (11:30 a.m. - 1:00 p.m.)
Our first witness is Lenora Foerstel (Maryland) of Women for Mutual
Security. She has recently edited a book War, Lies and Videotape;
about the control of the media.
Jared Israel (Massachusetts). Jared Israel produced a film called
Judgement showing how the corporate media distorted a picture to
produce a Big Lie.
Jean Hatton (Great Britain), from the anti-war movement in Britain.
Spoke of how massacre stories were used to justify the war.
Christopher Black (Canada), one of a group of Canadian attorney’s
who filed a suit charging NATO with war crimes at what is called the
International Criminal Court for the Former Yugoslavia at the Hague.
Speaks on ICFTY, how the Hague Tribunal was a part of the
preparation for war.
Monica Moorehead (U.S.) of Millions for Mumia and contributing
editor to Workers World newspaper, an expert on the prison-industrial
complex in the United States.
Michel Collon, (Belgium) author of two books on the Balkans, Liar’s
Poker, and Monopoly; and contributor to the weekly newspaper,
Solidaire, on the geo-political aims of the war, the Caspian pipelines.
Kadouri Al Kaysi an Iraqi American who has organized to expose the
impact of sanctions on Iraq.
Stratis Kounias, vice-president of the Greek Committee for Peace
and Professor at the University of Athens on NATO’s role in Greece
and the Greek anti-war movement.
John Catalinotto (New York), journalist and researcher who has
represented the International Action Center at tribunals in Vienna and
Belgrade, on Washington’s premeditated plan regarding NATO and
the attack on Yugoslavia.
Roland Keith (Canada), a monitor for the Observer Mission that was
supposed to maintain the peace in Kosovo in 1998, before the war, on
the real role of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe’s Observer mission in Kosovo and Metohija.
Preston Wood (California), who participated in hearings in Novi Sad
and who organized opposition to the war in Los Angeles, especially in
the Lesbian/Gay/Bi/Trans community to present to the tribunal the
truth about the supposed massacre in Racak, Kosovo, used to justify
the attack on Yugoslavia.
Richard Becker (California), who has written and spoken extensively
on the role of the talks held in Rambouillet, France in February and
March 1999. Rambouillet ultimatum as provocation.
Gregor Kneussel (Austria), from the Austrian tribunal about the role
of Constitutionally neutral Austria regarding Yugoslavia and in
delivering this NATO ultimatum.
Part II. War Crimes & Crimes Against Humanity
La Riva, Gloria Prosecutor (California), used the video she produced,
NATO Targets, to show how the U.S./NATO bombs hit civilian
targets, from hospitals to bridges to factories.
Sarah Sloan (New York), IAC Commission of Inquiry researcher on
NATO claim it tried to minimize damage to civilian facilities in
Yugoslavia. She used a March 15, 2000 Newsweek article that
exposed that NATO hit very few military targets.
Ellen Catalinotto (New York) is a midwife who has delivered over
1,200 babies to mostly poor women in the New York City. She also
cares for HIV infected women and is involved in research on ways to
prevent the transmission of HIV from pregnant women to their
babies. She reported on NATO’s bombing of 33 hospitals including
damage to the maternity ward at Dragisa Micovic hospital in
Belgrade.
Prof. Ivan Yatsenko (Russia), former Soviet officer and foreign
representative, now teaches law in Moscow. He described damage to
Yugoslav industrial infrastructure and how it cost a half-million jobs.
Admiral Elmar Schmaehling (Germany), former admiral and leading
spokesperson for the German tribunal movement. He spoke on the
aggressive posture of NATO since the collapse of the USSR and its
illegal attack on Yugoslavia.
Judi Cheng (New Jersey), IAC researcher. She showed how
unreasonable it was to believe that the bombing of Chinese embassy
in Belgrade was an accident.
Dr. Janet Eaton (Canada), biologist and environment expert Dr. Janet
Eaton to the stand, on destruction of the environment in Yugoslavia,
especially the damage from attacks on the petrochemical plant at
Pancevo and other industrial targets.
Dr. Carlo Pona (Italy) A physicist who attended a conference in
Belgrade about depleted uranium and has written about this subject,
Pona explained why DU is dangerous to humans and how it was used
in Yugoslavia.
Fulvio Grimaldi (Italy), video maker and journalist. Grimaldi, who has
just completed edited a film on sanctions in Iraq and Yugoslavia,
described the combined impact of impact of bombing and sanctions on
the population of Yugoslavia.
Deirdre Griswold (New York) has recently visited sites of U.S. war
crimes in south Korea, is editor in chief of Workers World
newspaper. She spoke about the pattern of criminal conduct of the
U.S. military and how the 1950 war crimes led to a continuing 50-
year occupation of Korea.
Shani Rifati (Roma), originally from the Romani community in
Kosovo, publishes an English-language newsletter about Romani
affairs named Voice of Roma. He spoke of the horrors the Roma
people faced in Kosovo under K-FOR and KLA occupation.
Milos Raickovich Serb-American composer and anti-war activist,
spoke on the destruction of churches and cultural sites in occupied
Kosovo and Metohija.
Professor Michel Chossudovsky (Canada), an expert historian and
economist, showed the role of the so-called Kosovo Liberation Army
and its ties to U.S. and German intelligence services, ties to NATO
and the United Nations Rep. Bernard Kouchner.
Scott Taylor (Canada), former soldier, who now publishes the Ottawa-
based magazine, Espirit de Corps, celebrated for its unflinching
scrutiny of the Canadian military. He also appears regularly in the
Canadian media as a military analyst. He witnessed the expulsion of
the Serb population from the Krajina in Croatia by an army led by
KLA General Ceku.
Professor Barry Lituchy (New York), who has recently returned
from a trip to Yugoslavia, described how the NATO occupying forces
known as K-FOR have participated in expelling parts of the
population from Kosovo.
Professor Greg Elich (United States), has recently visited the
Balkans. He spoke on the un-humanitarian nature of . NATO’s
occupation of Kosovo.
Gilles Troude (France), on the editorial board of Balkans-Info, a pro-
Yugoslavia, anti-NATO monthly published in Paris, France since
1996. He described France’s role in the war and in suppressing
dissent at home.
Professor Jorge Cadima (Portugal), a regular contributor on NATO-
related subjects to to Avante, the weekly newspaper of the
Portuguese Communist Party, spoke on the role of NATO in Portugal
since 1949 and on popular resistance to the war.
5:30-6:15 Messages of solidarity and struggle
Ismael Guadalupe (Puerto Rico) The Committee for the Rescue and
Development of Vieques on the relationship of Vieques to
Yugoslavia. He showed how the U.S. used Vieques for target
practice to prepare for the war against Yugoslavia, and they do so for
all foreign aggression.
Representative of Cuban Interest Section, spoke on Cuba’s suit
against U.S. for the costs of the embargo.
UN Ambassador Jovanovic of Yugoslavia, gave evidence of his own
government’s charges against the U.S. and NATO for war crimes.
His talk was in fact a summary of much of the day’s proceedings.
Brian Becker, co-director of the IAC, spoke on the need to form a
worldwide movement to abolish NATO.
Ramsey Clark reiterated some of the main points developed during
the day and stressed the need to come to a unified conclusion that
would find NATO guilty over a broad spectrum of charges—the 19
charges included in the original indictment—and lead to a struggle to
abolish NATO.
International Action Center
39 West 14th Street, Room 206
New York, NY 10011
email: iacenter@...
web: www.iacenter.org
CHECK OUT THE NEW SITE www.mumia2000.org
phone: 212 633-6646
fax: 212 633-2889
---
http://www.workers.org
-------------------------
Via Workers World News Service
Reprinted from the June 15, 2000
issue of Workers World newspaper
-------------------------
Hague tribunal denounced for exonerating NATO war criminals
By John Catalinotto
Anti-war organizations and individuals around the world reacted in
indignation to the announcement June 2 that the International Criminal
Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia was exonerating NATO of all charges
of war crimes committed against Yugoslavia.
Carla Del Ponte, chief prosecutor for the tribunal at The Hague, said
that the court had examined charges brought against NATO by various
forces. She said that after considerable study the court decided there
was no reason to pursue any of these charges.
Lawyers' groups in Canada, Russia, Greece, France, Yugoslavia and the
United States had brought charges before the court. Charges included the
use of cluster bombs and depleted uranium weapons, as well as dropping
bombs on civilian targets. The civilian targets included the Serb
television station, the Chinese Embassy, a train crossing a bridge and a
convoy of refugees in Kosovo--most of which have been reported in the
mainstream media.
International Action Center co-director Sara Flounders said Del Ponte's
announcement shows that "a people's court has to bring charges against
U.S. and NATO leaders if we want to preserve the truth of this war for
history."
The IAC initiated such a people's tribunal on July 31, 1999, and will
hold its final hearing this June 10 in New York. Flounders said anti-war
activists, elected representatives and prominent personalities from 18
nations will participate in the International Tribunal on U.S./NATO War
Crimes against Yugoslavia.
Flounders noted that "Del Ponte made her announcement just as people's
tribunals were taking place in Rome and Berlin that were finding NATO
leaders guilty of war crimes. And we were preparing our final tribunal
for the following week. In the Netherlands, lawyers are bringing charges
against government leaders on June 9.
"There is no doubt U.S. and NATO leaders planned the aggressive war
against Yugoslavia over a long period, that they purposely bombed
civilian targets, and that they used weapons illegal under international
treaties. And there is no doubt Del Ponte was told to make this
announcement now in an attempt to counter the success of these people's
tribunals in bringing U.S./NATO crimes to the light of day," charged
Flounders.
"We note that the article in the June 3 New York Times on Del Ponte's
announcement described the lawyers who brought charges to the ICTFY
court as 'paid by Yugoslavia.' We know for a fact that the lawyers in
many different countries--including Canada, France, Russia and
Greece--do their work out of their personal conviction. They often do
this at great personal sacrifice, and they have succeeded in exposing
the ICTFY as a corrupt court in the pay of the U.S. and other NATO
powers."
'A corrupt tribunal is worse
than none at all'
Workers World spoke with Prof. Michael Mandel, one of a group of
Canadian attorneys who had brought charges to the ICTFY court.
Mandel said that Del Ponte's decision was no surprise to him, and that
his group had denounced the tribunal as a farce and a disgrace in March.
"The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia is a
corrupt institution," said Mandel. "It declared its own corruption with
the announcement by the prosecutor, Carla Del Ponte, that she is
completely satisfied that NATO did not commit war crimes in Yugoslavia
and for that reason is not going to open an inquiry.
"You might want to ask how she became satisfied of their innocence
without an inquiry.
"NATO committed every crime from mass murder on down in front of the
world and it confessed its guilt in every press conference of Jamie
Shea," said Mandel.
"A corrupt tribunal is worse than no tribunal at all. This one should be
shut down and Del Ponte fired, to find work in some other department of
the Pentagon," said Mandel. He noted that the first prosecutor of the
tribunal, Canadian Louise Arbour, was rewarded with a life appointment
to the Supreme Court of Canada by Premier Jean Chretien.
In Italy, former senator and religious philosopher Raniero La Valle
denounced the ICTFY as a "victor's tribunal" that was set up
specifically to persecute the Milosevic government in Yugoslavia. La
Valle said that "it is important that justice be found also outside of
its traditional seats and be proclaimed before the tribunal of public
opinion." He was referring specifically to the tribunals to be held June
3 in Rome and June 10 in the U.S. inspired by former U.S. Attorney
General Ramsey Clark.
La Valle will participate at the June 10 tribunal in New York, which
will take place from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. at the Martin Luther King High
School Auditorium at 66th Street and Amsterdam Ave. in Manhattan. The
doors open at 10 a.m.
---
Subject: Berliner Tribunal gegen die NATO
Date: Mon, 12 Jun 2000 23:56:01 +0200
From: Jug Öster Solibeweg <joesb@...>
To: <joesb@...>
„Die Tribunalbewegung fortsetzen“
Vorstellungsbeitrag der JÖSB beim Europäischen Tribunal gegen die Nato
in
Berlin am 2./3. Juni 2000
Die 90er Jahre wurden als der Beginn des Zeitalters der Menschenrechte,
der
Freiheit und der Demokratie ausgerufen, eben als Anfang einer „Neuen
Weltordnung“.
Doch sehr schnell stellte sich diese als ihr genaues Gegenteil heraus.
Das
Jahrzehnt begann mit einer gewaltigen Krieg gegen den Irak, einer
Aggression
die bis heute andauern und bereits Millionen das Leben gekostet hat. Und
das
Jahrzehnt endete wie es begonnen hatte, nämlich abermals mit einem
Bombenkrieg, diesmal gegen Jugoslawien. Dieser Krieg war nur der
vorläufige
Höhepunkt einer Aggression zur Zerschlagung Jugoslawiens, die ebenso
bereits
Jahre andauert.
Viele werden sich fragen woher diese Aggressivität kommt? Es ist
unmodern
geworden den Grund auf den Punkt, auf den Begriff zu bringen. Man muss
sich
gefallen lassen, als Dinosaurier bezeichnet zu werden. Doch es gibt
keinen
Begriff, der den Sachverhalt besser darstellen könnte – es handelt sich
schicht und einfach um Imperialismus! [anhaltender Applaus] Und die NATO
ist
die Speerspitze dieses Imperialismus.
Solange die NATO und der Imperialismus existiert wird es den Frieden,
für
den wir uns alle einsetzen, niemals geben.
Darum ist das Ziel des Wiener Tribunals nicht nur die öffentliche
Verurteilung der Regierung für den Bruch der in der Verfassung
festgelegten
Neutralität, sondern die Verhinderung des Beitritts Österreichs zur NATO
und
der Erhalt unserer Neutralität. Wir kämpfen für die Auflösung der NATO,
was
angesichts des zu erwartenden Widerstands nichts anderes als ihre
Zerschlagung bedeuten kann.
*******
DAS URTEIL DES EUROPAEISCHEN TRIBUNAL
(http://www.jungewelt.de/2000/06-05/012.shtml)
sowie eine umfangreiche Dokumentation kann in der Berliner
Tageszeitung "JUNGE WELT" abgerufen werden.
Die Ergebnisse des Wiener Tribunal können auf der Netzseite der JÖSB
eingesehen werden: http://www.vorstadtzentrum.net/joesb
****************************
INDICTMENT BY THE VIENNA TRIBUNAL
(submitted to the international tribunal against NATO war crimes in New
York
on the fortcoming weekend)
I Preamble
1) NATO, the United States of America, the Federal Republic of Germany,
the
United Kingdom, Turkey, Spain, the Netherlands, Croatia, Hungary, Italy,
France and others - after failing to force the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia at the so-called "peace negotiations" in Paris and
Rambouillet to
accept an extortionate ultimatum which in fact aimed at the occupation
of
the entire territory of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and had been
declared a condition sine qua non - without a declaration of war and
without
a resolution by the United Nations Security Council launched warlike
rocket
and bombing attacks against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
deliberately
murdering Serbs, Kosovo-Albanians, Roma, Muslims, Orthodox-Christians,
Catholics and foreign nationals.
By doing this they destroyed and damaged economic, social, cultural,
medical, diplomatic and religious resources.
In the course of their criminal war of aggression, NATO and the
above-mentioned states cut off the population of Yugoslavia from food,
water, electric energy, food production, medicines and medical services.
By
means of rocket and aerial bombing attacks they systematically destroyed
and
damaged waterworks and agricultural irrigation installations, factories,
fertilisers and vegetation, pharmaceutical production works, hospitals
and
health service installations as well as other objects needed for human
survival. The aggressors attack chemical factories, oil refineries,
petrol
and natural gas stores, fertiliser plants, installations and localities
with
the aim of releasing, on a wide scale, radioactive and other dangerous
substances into the atmosphere, the soil, the ground-water and the
foodchain, poison the environment and harm the population. They employed
banned arms, attacked the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia with rockets,
bombs
and missiles which contained Depleted Uranium (DU) and released
radioactive
substances into the atmosphere the soil, the ground-water, the foodchain
as
well as into solid objects, thus exposing the Yugoslav population to
health
hazards for generations to come.
2) With these actions NATO and the above-mentioned states violated
International Law, especially art. 2 chapter 7 of the UN-Charter; the
Declaration on Non-intervention; the Resolution on the Definition of
Aggression, 1997 UNGA 3314; articles 52 and 53 of the Convention on the
Law
of Treaties of 23 May, 1969; the Treaty on the Banning of War, the
Briand-Kelog-Pact of Paris, 1928, articles 1 and 2; the Hague
Conventions,
especially the Fourth Hague Convention of 18 October, 1907; the Geneva
Convention on the Protection of Civilians in Times of War, 1949; the
Statutes of the Nuremberg Tribunal, principles VI a, b and c; the Geneva
Additional Protocol 1977, articles 48 and 51; the Geneva Protocol on the
Use
of Asphyxiating, Poisonous and Similar Gases as well as of
Bacteriological
Substances in Wars, of 1925; the European Convention on the Peaceful
Settlement of conflicts, of 29 April, 1957 and also violated national
penal
codes concerning murder, duresse, dangerous threat, wilful destruction,
arson, damage to the environment, formation of gangs for the purpose of
carrying out criminal plots and genocide.
II THE VIENNA TRIBUNAL BRINGS A POLITICAL INDICTMENT AGAINST:
The Federal Government of the Republic of Austria
Chancellor Mag. Victor Klima
Vice Chancellor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Dr. Wolfgang Schüssel
Minister of Defence Dr. Werner Fasslabend
Former EU-Special Representative Dr. Wolfgang Petritsch, present High
Representative for Bosnia
Former Minister of Foreign Affairs Dr. Alois Mock
a) in particular against former minister of foreign affairs Dr. Alois
Mock
on the basis of the well-founded suspicion of openly taking position
(politically, economically and logistically) and intervening in a civil
war - thereby violating neutrality - by abetting the destruction of the
sovereign Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, through furthering -
in
contravention of international law - and politically supporting the
secession by force of member republics of the SFR of Yugoslavia by way
of
the official recognition - in violation of international law and the
status
of neutrality - of member republics of the SFR of Yugoslavia which had
seceded with the use of force.
(Violation of the neutrality law; of the UN-Charter; of the principle
regarding the obligation of non-intervention in matters which, according
to
the Charter, pertain to the national competence of a state; Declaration
of
the United Nations)
b) in particular against the former EU-Special Representative Dr.
Wolfgang
Petritsch on the basis of his collaboration in the "peace accords"
elaborated in the course of the so-called "peace negotiations" in Paris
and
Rambouillet, including Annex B which contains an extortionate occupation
diktat postulating, as conditio sine qua non, the occupation of the
entire
national territory of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia with the
threat, in
case of non-compliance, of immediate war actions through bombing attacks
against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
(Jeopardizing of neutrality according to Austrian penal code, paragraph
320;
violation of chapter 1 art. 2 and chapter 7 of the UN-Charter; the
Declaration on Non-intervention of 24 October, 1970; the
Briand-Kelog-Pact
of 27 August, 1928; of art. 52 and 53 of the Convention on the Law of
Treaties; violation of paragraphs 105, 106 of the Austrian penal code
/severe duresse/)
c) against the Austrian Federal Government and the above-mentioned
statesmen
on the grounds of the well-founded suspicion of having abetted the
aggressive actions of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (see above
I/1)
which, having mandated itself, without decision or mandate by the
Security
Council, by violating the obligation under international law to renounce
on
the use of force in international relations and in relations among
states,
waged a war of aggression against the territory of a sovereign state,
and
thus, on the well-founded suspicion of having violated Austria's
Everlasting
Neutrality, enshrined in international law, by not adhering to the
obligations of an everlastingly neutral state to always comport itself
in
times of war and of peace in a manner that excludes favouring one side
of a
conflict and also on the grounds of the well-founded suspicion of openly
taking sides - politically, economically and logistically - in a civil
war.
c2) and in particular against Federal Chancellor Mag. Victor Klima and
foreign Minister Dr. Wolfgang Schüssel on the basis of their open
support
for and abetting of the NATO war of aggression - violating international
law - at the EU-summit in Berlin and the 50th anniversary NATO-summit in
Washington.
(accessory to the violation of the UN-Charter; the Briand-Kelog-Pact;
the
Declaration on Non-intervention; the Declaration on Non-interference;
the
Resolution on the Definition of Aggression; art. 22 and 23 of the fourth
Hague Concention as well as of the other norms of international law set
out
under I/2, and of the violation of the law on neutrality)
d) on the basis of the well-founded suspicion of abetting the violation
of
the ban on waging "ecological war" carried out by NATO - see I/1 on the
perpetration of criminal actions (i.e. bombing of oil refineries,
chemical
factories and others, damaging and destroying installations, thereby
causing
negative effects on the environment, locally and regionally) as well as
the
use of banned weapons (cluster bombs and munition made of depleted
uranium,
DU)
(Violation of the UN-Charter and the other norms of international law
listed
under I/2, in particular the 1925 Geneva Agreement on the Banning of
Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases; the Convention on the Banning of
the
Use of Means Affecting the Environment, 1977; the Geneva Convention of
12
August, 1949 on the Protection of Civilians in Times of War)
e) on the basis of the well-founded suspicion that at the time of war
the
Austrian Federal Government did not verify violations of the Austrian
air
space by NATO-airforces with regard to their armaments not did it
protest
against such violations, although it would have been obliged to do so
according to international law as well as according to Austrian
neutrality
law - violations which, although not authorised in this case by Austria,
increased massively during that period, according to information
provided by
Austrian air traffic control (which fact does not elucidate how many of
these overflights possibly took place in support of the NATO air war);
based
also on the fact repeated transits through Austria by NATO vehicles to
bases
in Hungary for a long time previously, which can be assumed to have been
not
solely "humanitarian" transports.
(Violation of the 1965 Declaration on Non-intervention; of the Agreement
on
the Peaceful Settlement of International conflicts - First Hague
Convention
on the Outbreak of Hostilities; of the Third Hague Convention of 18
October,
1907; of the Austrian Neutrality Law; of the Austrian Federal Law of 18
October, 1977 on the import, export and transit of war material)
f) based on a well-founded suspicion of transmitting perceptions,
regardless
of their content of truth, pertaining to the intelligence department,
regarding activities on the territory of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia,
by Austrian authorities to NATO services, which fact must lead to the
assumption of violation of neutrality obligations by Austria.
(Violation of the Declaration of Non-interference; of the
Briand-Kelog-Pact
of 1928; of the UN-Charter; of the Austrian law on neutrality)
g) based on the well-founded suspicion of restraining the effectuation
of
non-military and non-violent possibilities of conflict resolution; such
as
the prevention by neutral Austria of tasks ascribed to the OSCE,
possibly by
means of a "withdrawal order" addressed to NATO; of handing over, for
the
first time ever, of a mandate to a US-representative, in this case US
Ambassador William Walker (during whose period as US Ambassador in El
Salvador the dirty war in El Salvador, carried out with the complicity
of
the USA, reached its climax); failure on the part of the Federal
Government
to oppose the - improper - use of the OSCE in the strategic preparation
of
the War against Yugoslavia and the logistic support of NATO as well as
failure to eliminate the suspension of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia as
member of the organisation with a view to favour attempts at bringing
about
negotiated settlements.
(Violation of the stipulations of the CSCE and OSCE; of the Austrian law
on
neutrality; violation of the agreement on protection and compromise
procedures within the OSCE, Stockholm, 15 December, 1992)
h) on the basis of the well-founded suspicion of at least tacitly
consenting
to inflammatory reporting, especially regarding the Serbian sector of
the
population of the Yugoslav Republic; on the well-founded suspicion of
inciting population groups on the territory of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia against each other, especially in media subjected to public
law
and of omitting - on the part of the Federal Government of Austria - to
intervene in order to insist on publishing denials, thus raising doubts
regarding Austria's everlasting neutrality.
(Violation of the braodcasting law and the Austrian neutrality law)
III
On the basis of the suspicion outlined above, the representatives of the
preparatory committee of the Vienna Tribunal demand that the Vienna
Tribunal
of 4 December, 1999 indict the Federal Government of Austria and the
statesmen listed above on the grounds of favouring and supporting the
NATO
aggression against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and of being
accessory
to a conspicuous violation of international law; as well as on the
well-founded suspicion of approval (which has to be rejected out of
political, moral and humanist convictions) of a "New World Order" which
was
a consequence of this war and which contains a continuously proclaimed
right
of "humanitarian intervention" on the part of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organisation (NATO) that is to be carried out with the force of arms and
the
backing - on a global scale - of the strongest military power.
The verdict will be placed at the disposal of the International
Tribunal,
represented by Mr. Ramsey Clark, for the general indictment before the
International Court of Justice in The Hague.
*****
The Vienna tribual on December 4th, 1999 has judged the persons and
institutions named above to be guilty for the crimes stated.
****************************
Jugoslawisch-Österreichische Solidaritätsbewegung (JÖSB)
PF 217, A-1040 Wien, Österreich
Tel/Fax +43 1 924 31 61
joesb@...
www.vorstadtzentrum.net/joesb
Kto-Nr. 9282, RB Schwechat, BLZ 32823
---
TRIBUNALE ITALIANO CONTRO I CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN YUGOSLAVIA
065181048- FAX 068174010
E-MAIL: s.deangelis@... ponac@...
ADESIONI AGGIORNATE AL I° GIUGNO
FALCO ACCAME
GRUPPO DIRITTO E GIUSTIZIA DELLA FED. ROMANA DI RIF.COMUNISTA
Ti invio l'adesione all'assemblea del 3 giugno del Coordinamento
Nazionale
delle delegate e dei delegati RSU (il nostro sito è
<http://www.ecn.org/coord.rsu/>
Aderisco fermamente all'iniziativa
Sergio Mauri - Associazione Culturale Telematica Sottovoce: le parole
sono importanti
Chers Camarades
Nous vous prions de ne pas oublier que nous ausi, le Front
anti-imperialiste, se
joint à votre initiative.
Salutations communistes
Alexandre Moumbaris, président FAI
Roberto Sacco University of Edinburgh
CERN-EP Geneva
ADERIAMO CON ASSOLUTA CONVINZIONE ALL'INIZIATIVA DEL TRIBUNALE CONTRO I
CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN JUGOSLAVIA.
VINCA LA VERITA' DEI POPOLI CONTRO LA MENZOGNA E LA PROTERVIA DEI
POTENTI.
MARISA MANTOVANI, GUIDO CRISTINI - MANTOVA
Donatella Cavani Bologna
Adriana Samaritani Bologna
Marco Palmieri Bologna
Rita Zappa Bologna
Jonhatan Palmieri Bologna
Elena Rainaldi Bologna
Leonardo Trozzi Bologna
Ilaria Bussoni Roma
Alberto Burgio Bologna
Aderiamo molto volentieri al Tribunale Internazionale per i crimini
della
Guerra NATO in Jugoslavia consapevoli che il proseguimento della
battaglia
perchè giustizia e informazione siano fatte è la condizione necessaria
per
avviare uno sbocco positivo alla storia recente della Jugoslavia, e per
una
rimessa in discussione dell'attuale sistema di "sicurezza" NATO.
Cobas scuola sardegna
Aderisco all'iniziativa, anche se non potrò parteciparvi personalmente.
Gli errori ed orrori che una fantomatica sinistra legittima in nome di
una democrazia dei cannoni si pagano, anche in termini elettorali,
preoccupazione principe della sinistra che non governa pur stando al
governo.
Con l'augurio di buon lavoro
umberta torti
Chiara Giorgi Bologna
Roberto Bui Roma
Elio Pagani Venegono Inf. VA
Marco Tambolini Varese
Angelo Sacco Varese
Dino De Simone Varese
Eugenia Gioia Varese
Vincenzo Scalia Bologna
Giovanni Turbanti S. Pietro in Casale BO
Simona Galeotti Bologna
Felice Minicozzi Bologna
Giancarlo Gaeta Bologna
Fabio Rizzoli Bologna
Guido Bartolucci Bologna
Paola Maiardi Bologna
Giovanni Giuseppe Nicosia Bologna
Mirella Agostini Budrio BO
Silvia Scatena Pescia PT
Comitato Sardo Gettiamo le Basi
Aderiamo all'appello,
Obiettori Caritas di Fidenza (pr)
Aderiamo all'appello contenente i capi d'accusa contro le massime
autorità
istituzionali del nostro paese, pur non potendeo partecipare
personalmente
alla sessione del tribunale che si terrà il 3 giugno. La verità verrà
alla
luce e alla coscienza dei popoli.
Giuliana Beltrame , Antonino Morvillo - Padova
nel comunicarvi che abbiamo girato a tutta la nostra rete l'appello per
il 3
giugno, vi comunichiamo la nostra adesione e cercheremo anche di esserci
.
DONNE IN NERO ROMA----
condividendo i punti di accusa contro la Nato aderisco all'appello
promosso
dal Tribunale Internazionale contro i crimini della Nato in Yugoslavia
carla francone, direttore periodico comunista nuova unità
La Lega per i diritti dei popoli aderisce all'iniziativa
Luciano Ardesi
segretario nazionale
-Lega per i Diritti dei Popoli
Le Donne in Nero contro la guerra di Firenze aderiscono all'appello
contro
i crimini commessi dalla Nato durante la guerra in Kosovo.
Vedremo di partecipare a >Roma il 3 giugno 2000 all'ultima sessione
italiana del tribuynale internazionale indipendente contro i crimini
commessi dalla Nato.
DiN - Firenze
Adesione dell'Osservatorio Etico Ambientale all'iniziativa del
Tribunale Internazionale del 3 giugno 2000
Caro Stefano,
Ti comunico la nostra adesione preannunciando la presentazione
della Dichiarazione di Arresto e Mandato di Cattura a carico del
Procuratore capo della Procura di Roma reo di NON aver iniziato
l'azione penale nei confronti dei governanti colpevoli, già denunciati
dal Popolo Sovrano.
Cordiali saluti,
Marco Saba
Osservatorio Etico Ambientale
Mandato di cattura a carico di Vecchione
Milano, 29 maggio 2000
Egregio Avv. Mattina,
facendo riferimento al documento da Lei inviato in rete nel febbraio
scorso contenente tra l'altro il decreto di archiviazione da parte
del Dr. Vecchione in merito alle denunce presentate dal Popolo Sovrano;
L'Osservatorio Etico Ambientale emette una Dichiarazione di
Arresto e Mandato di cattura a carico del Procuratore capo della
Procura di Roma reo di NON aver iniziato l'azione penale nei
confronti dei governanti colpevoli dei reati di tentata modifica
dell'ordinamento costituzionale tramite metodi non consentiti,
reati già denunciati.
Tale Mandato verrà presentato in occasione della riunione del
Tribunale Internazionale il 3 giugno prossimo. Contiamo di
incontrarLa in tale data per decidere assieme l'intervento.
Cordiali saluti,
Marco Saba
Osservatorio Etico Ambientale
Aderisco alla giornata del 3 giugno; in questo momento però non posso
muovermi da Bologna. Appena ho un pò di soldi vi manderò un contributo.
Ma il manifesto e liberazione stanno semplicemente zitti o adducono
ragioni per la non pubblicazione?
A presto
Fabrizio Giuliani
Do la mia personale adesione al testo "Processiamoli"
Paolo Nerozzi
Aderiamo molto volentieri all'appello PAX CHRISTI - PUNTO PACE BOLOGNA
UN Ponte per..
Fabio Alberti
L'Associazione per la Pace aderisce e partecipa al Tribunale Clark e
sarà
presente all'iniziativa del 3 giugno a Roma.
Davide Berruti
Coordinatore Nazionale
Dani Flop
Aderisco all'iniziativa del tribunale contro i crimini NATO in
Jugoslavia di
cui condivido i capi d'accusa.
Il Comitato 7 Dicembre per l'abolizione della legislazione speciale
contro
il terrorismo (già Comitato per la libertà di Sergio Spina -
Bologna)aderisce all'iniziativa del 3 Giugno a Roma.
p. Angelo Cavagna e tutto il GAVCI aderiscono fermamente
al Tribunale Internazionale ed alle sue attivita'.
Purtroppo per diversi impegni non potremo essere a Roma.
Saluti di Pace.
Marco Cervino
fisico / physicist
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-ISAO, (ex IMGA e FISBAT)
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e dell'Oceano
Torino : Enrico Vigna, Associazione SOS Yugoslavia e coordinatore del
Tribunale a Torino.
Ci vediamo a Roma.
Ovviamente io aderisco e con me il "Collettivo Studenti a Sinistra"
dell'Università di Cagliari
A presto
Walter Falgio, Cagliari
aderisco anche se non potro' essere fisicamente presente
============================
Spartaco Vitiello
Con questa lettera aderisco alle attività del "TRIBUNALE
INTERNAZIONALE INDIPENDENTE CONTRO I CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN JUGOSLAVIA",
promosso da Ramsey Clark, con la stesura di 19 punti di accusa contro la
NATO ed i governi occidentali.
Sandro Mazzi.
Desidero aderire alle iniziative del Tribunale Clark, condividendone i
principi ed essendo stato testimone oculare dei crimini della NATO sia
in
Serbia che in Kosovo. Ricordo di essere stato in Kosovo due volte
durante la
guerra, ed altrettante prima e dopo a Pristina, Lipjan e Prizren.
Non posso garantire la mia presenza venerdì prossimo per turno di
servizio
in
ospedale; auguri di buon lavoro
Marino Andolina
Seguiamo con grande interesse le vostre iniziative, ma fino al 29 maggio
siamo molto impegnati contro le multinazionali di tebio qui a Genova
Per favore, continuate a tenerci al corrente!
Grazie-ciao
p. il Centro Ligure di documentazione per la pace
Norma Bertullacelli
Stefano de Angelis
Carlo Pona (ENEA)
Paolo Pioppi
Fulvio Grimaldi
Pasquale Vilardo
Marinella Correggia, Un ponte per...
Giovanni Russo Spena (capogruppo Senato PRC)
Gabriele Cerminara, magistrato
Domenico Gallo
Elettra Deiana
Nella Ginatempo
Forum delle donne del PRC
Fausto Sorini (direzione nazionale PRC)
Lidia Campagnano
prof. Angelo Baracca (università Firenze)
Ambretta Rampelli
Giulia Baroni, università di Roma
Aldo Bernardini, università di Teramo
Luisa Morgantini (parlamentare europea PRC)
Ivan Pavicevac
Anna Kosic
Comitato contro al guerra e la NATO - Ravenna
Coordinamento romagnolo contro la guerra e la NATO
Centro di documentazione "Patrizia Gatto" di Napoli.
Luigi Cortesi, rivista "Giano"
Giovanna Ricoveri, direttrice della rivista telematica Ecologia politica
Giorgio Nebbia, professore emerito università di Bari
Lavoratori autorganizzati Slai-Cobas di Ravenna
Alberto Bernardini (università di Padova)
Alessandra Areni
Eduardo Missoni
Paolo Rosignoli (editore, Ed. Achab)
Daniel Amit (Università di Roma)
Lucio Chiappetti (IFCTR/CNR - Milano)
Daniele Barbieri, cantieri sociali di Imola
Roberto Foco
Patrizio E. Tressoldi (Universita' di Padova)
Francesco Magnocavallo
Giorgio Cortellessa
Cesare ASCOLI (C.N.R. Pisa)
Franco Marenco (Enea)
Comitato contro la guerra di Bologna
Commissione esteri Federazione PRC di Bologna
Christian Fischer
Stefano Corradino
Missoni Eduardo
Fabio Baglioni (Casale Podere Rosa, Roma) -
GianLuca Schiavon
Fabiana Fantinel
Antonino Drago
Fabio Marcelli
Andrea Catone
Gennaro Carotenuto
Daniella Ambrosino
Lucio Triolo (ENEA)
Luca Nencini (ENEA)
Beatrice De Blasi (Pres. SCI)
Vincenzo Caffarelli (ENEA)
Roberto Verdi
Claudio Delbianco
Franco Romanò
Lorenzo Savioli, World Health Organization
Mario Patuzzo - Verona
Enrico Giardino (Forum DAC)
Francesca Lepori
Massimo Zucchetti, politecnico Torino
Marco Spada
Alessandra Filabozzi - LURE Centre Universitaire Paris Sud
Alberto Tarozzi
Libero Vitiello Universita' di Padova
Enrico Peyretti Torino
Vincenzo Brandi ENEA
Archivio Disarmo (Ornella Cacciò)
AIASP (Associazione Internazionale di amicizia e solidarietà con i
Popoli)
Rete Associazioni Popolari
OVD (Operatori volontari Difesa)
Casa dei Popoli di Roma
Coordinamento "Magma/Uscita di Sikurezza"
Most za beograd - un Ponte per Belgrado in terra di Bari
SCI
DP (Democrazia Popolare - Sinistra Unita)
Forum DAC tel. 06-3016877
Coordinamento Romano per la Jugoslavia
La redazione della rivista MAREA
Cipax - Centro Interconfessionale per la Pace - Roma -
Circolo "Puletti" del PRC ENEA Casaccia
Elena Fido e Stefano Minello
Kollettivo Estrella Roja, Cesena
Luigia Spaccamonti, Bologna
Associazione Italia-Nicaragua, Circolo di Viterbo
Andrea Fumagalli (Docente di Economia Politica)
Associazione culturale di solidarietà con la popolazione jugoslava
(BARI)
Andrea Catone
Red Ghost (materiali per la controinformazione e la lotta) - Ravenna,
Spazio Libero Autogestito PelleRossa - Cesena
Gordon Poole
Roberto Sensi
Giulio Sensi
Centro di Comunicazione Antagonista - Cremona
Sergio Ruggieri, Segretaria Federazione di Ancona P.R.C.
Rossana Montecchiani, Comitato Politico Nazionale P.R.C.
Antonio Bruno (Vice Presidente del Consiglio Comunale di Genova)
Fosco Valentini
Michele Melera
Enrico Peyretti, Torino
Maurizio Poletto - della segreteria CGIL -Torino.
Mensile "la nostra lotta"
Mauro Cristaldi
Mariacarla Castagna
Giorgio Cadoni
Valerio Gennaro
Medici per l'Ambiente (ISDE-Genova)
Roberto Spaccia
Antonio Moscato (docente università di Lecce)
Paolo Trezzi
Gruppo KHORAKHANE'
Antonio Onorati, presidente Centro Internazionale Crocevia
John Gilbert Coordinatore Nazionale Lettori Universitari SNUR-CGIL
(Universita' e Ricerca)
Coordinamento Romano per la Jugoslavia
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
PAROLE-CHIAVE E TECNICHE DEL DIS-ORDINE PUBBLICO
http://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/chan/24/14:1008312:/2000/06/12
Il Resto del Carlino del 12 Giu 2000 04:01
Addestrati per intercettare i contestatori
m. t.
La sicurezza per la Conferenza dell'Ocse non è solo quella visibile,
fatta da reparti mobili di polizia e carabinieri in assetto
antiguerriglia. Dietro l'apparato composto da migliaia di uomini pronti
ad intervenire (sono state installate in moltissimi punti della città
decine di microtelecamere grandi come un pennarello), c'è un sistema
raffinatissimo, ma invisibile, fatto da uomini dell'intelligence del
ministero dell'Interno e dei carabinieri.
Di cosa si tratta è presto detto. Quando, alcune settimane fa, si tenne
al Viminale un vertice sul problema dell'Ocse, era presente un team
addestrato ad ascoltare le frequenze delle radio e ad intercettare le
conversazioni dei telefoni mobili. Tra questi uomini, diversi
provenivano dalle questure delle città italiane più "calde" in fatto di
ordine pubblico. In ogni centro importante (come Milano, Padova,
Mestre) ogni gruppetto di autonomi e di contestatori usa un particolare
linguaggio fatto spesso di frasi e termini dietro i quali si nasconde
un messaggio, un avvertimento, ma anche l'ordine di evitare un percorso
scegliendone uno alternativo.
In questi giorni a Bologna (il luogo è tenuto rigorosamente segreto) è
operativo questo team di specialisti in grado di intercettare le
comunicazioni dei contestatori, ma soprattutto di interpretare le loro
intenzioni traducendole dal linguaggio. L'ausilio determinante a questo
lavoro di intelligence arriva, oltre che dalla conoscenza del
linguaggio, da sofisticati apparati radio riceventi e dall'ascolto
delle conversazioni (spesso si tratta di una o due parole chiave) dei
telefonini i cui numeri sono - naturalmente - conosciuti. Il resto lo
fanno alcuni radiolocalizzatori installati su furgoni assolutamente
anonimi (modello, colore e targa vengono cambiati ogni giorno) sulle
strade non distanti a quelle dei cortei...
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/chan/24/14:1008312:/2000/06/12
Il Resto del Carlino del 12 Giu 2000 04:01
Addestrati per intercettare i contestatori
m. t.
La sicurezza per la Conferenza dell'Ocse non è solo quella visibile,
fatta da reparti mobili di polizia e carabinieri in assetto
antiguerriglia. Dietro l'apparato composto da migliaia di uomini pronti
ad intervenire (sono state installate in moltissimi punti della città
decine di microtelecamere grandi come un pennarello), c'è un sistema
raffinatissimo, ma invisibile, fatto da uomini dell'intelligence del
ministero dell'Interno e dei carabinieri.
Di cosa si tratta è presto detto. Quando, alcune settimane fa, si tenne
al Viminale un vertice sul problema dell'Ocse, era presente un team
addestrato ad ascoltare le frequenze delle radio e ad intercettare le
conversazioni dei telefoni mobili. Tra questi uomini, diversi
provenivano dalle questure delle città italiane più "calde" in fatto di
ordine pubblico. In ogni centro importante (come Milano, Padova,
Mestre) ogni gruppetto di autonomi e di contestatori usa un particolare
linguaggio fatto spesso di frasi e termini dietro i quali si nasconde
un messaggio, un avvertimento, ma anche l'ordine di evitare un percorso
scegliendone uno alternativo.
In questi giorni a Bologna (il luogo è tenuto rigorosamente segreto) è
operativo questo team di specialisti in grado di intercettare le
comunicazioni dei contestatori, ma soprattutto di interpretare le loro
intenzioni traducendole dal linguaggio. L'ausilio determinante a questo
lavoro di intelligence arriva, oltre che dalla conoscenza del
linguaggio, da sofisticati apparati radio riceventi e dall'ascolto
delle conversazioni (spesso si tratta di una o due parole chiave) dei
telefonini i cui numeri sono - naturalmente - conosciuti. Il resto lo
fanno alcuni radiolocalizzatori installati su furgoni assolutamente
anonimi (modello, colore e targa vengono cambiati ogni giorno) sulle
strade non distanti a quelle dei cortei...
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
"Il Manifesto", 03 Giugno 2000
Le leggi di guerra
Convenzione sulle Leggi ed i Costumi della Guerra di terra (1899),
appendice 3.1, articolo XXII: Il diritto dei belligeranti di
adottare mezzi di distruzione del nemico non illimitato.
Convenzione sulle Alterazioni Ambientali (1977), appendice 3.4,
articolo
1.1: Ogni parte contraente della Convenzione si
impegna a non intraprendere azioni militari o altre azioni ostili con
tecniche in grado di determinare alterazioni ambientali
estese, protratte nel tempo e che possano avere effetti gravi, come
mezzo
di distruzione, danneggiamento o danno
avverso altre parti contraenti.
Protocollo sulla Protezione delle Vittime di Conflitti Armati
Internazionali (1977), appendice 3.5, articolo XXXV: E' vietato
applicare metodi o tecniche di guerra dirette a creare, o per le quali
siano ipotizzabili, estesi, duraturi e gravi danni
all'ambiente naturale.
Articolo LV.1: Nel corso dei conflitti, deve essere fatta la massima
attenzione per proteggere gli ambienti naturali da danni
estesi, gravi e duraturi nel tempo. Questa protezione include il
divieto
dell'uso di metodi e tecniche di guerra dirette a
determinare, o per le quali si pu ipotizzare, questi danni al
patrimonio
naturale e quindi a pregiudicare la salute o la
sopravvivenza delle popolazioni.
Appendice 3.6, articolo XIV: L'affamamento dei civili come metodo di
combattimento vietato. E' quindi vietato attaccare,
distruggere, rimuovere o rendere inutilizzabili oggetti indispensabili
per la sopravvivenza dei civili, come riserve alimentari,
aree agricole destinate alla produzione di generi alimentari,
coltivazioni, allevamenti, installazioni delle acque potabili e
irrigazione.
---
IL RAPPORTO DI AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL SUI CRIMINI DELLA NATO:
-> sintesi in italiano:
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/270?&start=256
-> testo completo in inglese (73 pagine formato PDF):
http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/intcam/kosovo/index.html
http://www.abolishnato.com/abolishnato/warcrimes/warcrimes2.htm
-
Subject: [STOPNATO] AI report - hell is opening for NATO
Date: Wed, 07 Jun 2000 23:55:16 -0700
From: Peter Bein
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
1. Some pages in the newest AI report don't print, turn into blanks
after
scrolling. Same problem at AI site. Anybody knows how to fix it?
2. This is another NATO 'pussy cat' report, in spite of appearances.
- like HRW report about casualties it starts with an assertion of the
legitimacy of NATO 'humanitarian intervention', referring to Rambouillet
as
'peace talks' instead of an international scam designed to bully
Yugoslavia
into submission,
- has a pretence to objective investigations, but forgot that int'l
forensic teams found next to nothing in Kosovo dirt compared to NATO
'promises',
- wants to be taken seriously but ignores that Racak is a 100%
fabrication
- maybe they should demand public release of the final report from Dr
Ranta's forensic team first, if they really want to get to the guts of
the
NATO problem,
- it hangs on to the 400-600 number of casualties (as HRW) despite FRY's
detailed records of much more,
- it makes a disclaimer that only NATO's own statements are used to
prove
the allegations, but does not discuss Observer/Guardian/Politiken
article
on the embassy bombing which quotes high-ranking NATO sources; instead,
it
dwells on CIA 'punishment' of the 'guilty' thus legitimizing yet another
NATO lie in a series that starts to look more boring than puky to my
taste,
- among 9 example cases is bombing 'by accident' of the train on the
bridge
in Grdelica; this case is documented to be a lie of top NATO brass incl.
Clark -- the train WAS THE TARGET as is obvious from analysis of first
and
second AGM-130 films (I will post the website that proves it in
technical
detail, based on analysis of both gun camera films - it will make you
speechless)
3. I am unable to share your enthusiasm, Stormie. You are only proving
to
Maj. Kahrs that anti-natonites can be gullible. If anything, I would
suspect another PsyOps project. No matter how HRW and AI castigate NATO
there is no int'l institution that can get to NATO's throat. But reports
from those NGOs serve to legitimize blatant NATO distortions and lies at
a
low cost, while appearing "objective' to the average public opinion. At
the
time that the hell is opening for NATO it would be a logical thing to
do.
Peter
At 03:10 PM 06/06/00 -0400, Stormie wrote:
>STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
>
>Dear friends :
>
>I have place a copy of Amnesty International document on the NATO bombing
>on my site on the "NATO War Crimes" page at
>www.abolishnato.com/abolishnato/warcrimes/warcrimes2.htm
>It is in PDF format and is downloadable as a zip file.
>It is 73 pages in length and that is why it is in such a format.
>
>Read it people! It is really a breath of fresh air and as I was reading it
>over I was cheering, applauding and licking my chops over it!!!! I really
>enjoy to the max anything that sticks it to the NATO Alliance!!
>
>I have always known that there is a night and day difference B/T Human
>Rights Watch and Amnesty International. For starters, take a look at their
>coverage of Kosovo events: AI seems truly interested in the welfare of
>Kosovo Serbs and their detention at a muddy, cold gymnasium. HRW reads like
>a Western newspaper, engaging in on anti-Serb demonization after another,
>with the style of the New York Times. I will write about that later on!
>Take a looooooong look at both Human Rights Watch's website and that of
>Amnesty International.
>Do you notice anything?! Hummm. . .
>
>ENJOY!
>
>"Stormie"
>
---
FONTI VARIE SULLE DISTRUZIONI OPERATE DALLA NATO SUL TERRITORIO
DELLA REPUBBLICA FEDERALE DI JUGOSLAVIA:
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/180?&start=176&threaded=1
---
ALTRI LINK SEGNALATI:
http://www.csmonitor.com/durable/2000/06/12/fp7s1-csm.shtml
Christian Science Monitor
June 12, 2000
Families of NATO bomb victims demand accounting
On June 2, UN ruled airstrikes were not war crimes. Human rights group
disagrees.
Alex Todorovic - Special to The Christian Science Monitor
PODGORICA, YUGOSLAVIA
-
http://www.jonathandimbleby.co.uk/TX20000611_Robertson/transcript.html
ITV - interview with NATO's George Robertson
(Broadcast 11th June 2000, ITV)
-
http://commondreams.org/views/061000-103.htm
http://www.progressive.org/webex.htm
Sunday June 11 , 2000
Published on Saturday, June 10, 2000 by The Progressive
War Criminals? Who Us?
by Matthew Rothschild
-
http://www.grdelica-case.org/index.htm
NATO's BAD CONSCIENCE
The authors of these pages dedicate their work to justice, truth and
honesty, to the duties of Rule of Law.
That's what democracy stands for. That's what ICTY stands for. That's
what we thought.
The Grdelica Case
The Dakovica Case
The Izbica Miracle
-
http://www.originalsources.com
Clinton: The First American President to Commit Genocide in Europe
Serbs are being systematically exterminated in Kosovo
By: Mary Mostert, Analyst, Original Sources
May 30, 2000
-
http://www.pravda.ru/archive/days/1999/june/28/14-19-28-06-1999.htm.
"Pravda - Internet" correspondent, Andrei Krushinski,
reflects on the tragedy in Yugoslavia and compares it
with Vietnam and Czechoslovakia which he observed as a
Pravda correspondent in these countries.
TRAGEDY AND FARCE
NATO Aggression in Yugoslavia - through the prism of
Historical Parallels
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Le leggi di guerra
Convenzione sulle Leggi ed i Costumi della Guerra di terra (1899),
appendice 3.1, articolo XXII: Il diritto dei belligeranti di
adottare mezzi di distruzione del nemico non illimitato.
Convenzione sulle Alterazioni Ambientali (1977), appendice 3.4,
articolo
1.1: Ogni parte contraente della Convenzione si
impegna a non intraprendere azioni militari o altre azioni ostili con
tecniche in grado di determinare alterazioni ambientali
estese, protratte nel tempo e che possano avere effetti gravi, come
mezzo
di distruzione, danneggiamento o danno
avverso altre parti contraenti.
Protocollo sulla Protezione delle Vittime di Conflitti Armati
Internazionali (1977), appendice 3.5, articolo XXXV: E' vietato
applicare metodi o tecniche di guerra dirette a creare, o per le quali
siano ipotizzabili, estesi, duraturi e gravi danni
all'ambiente naturale.
Articolo LV.1: Nel corso dei conflitti, deve essere fatta la massima
attenzione per proteggere gli ambienti naturali da danni
estesi, gravi e duraturi nel tempo. Questa protezione include il
divieto
dell'uso di metodi e tecniche di guerra dirette a
determinare, o per le quali si pu ipotizzare, questi danni al
patrimonio
naturale e quindi a pregiudicare la salute o la
sopravvivenza delle popolazioni.
Appendice 3.6, articolo XIV: L'affamamento dei civili come metodo di
combattimento vietato. E' quindi vietato attaccare,
distruggere, rimuovere o rendere inutilizzabili oggetti indispensabili
per la sopravvivenza dei civili, come riserve alimentari,
aree agricole destinate alla produzione di generi alimentari,
coltivazioni, allevamenti, installazioni delle acque potabili e
irrigazione.
---
IL RAPPORTO DI AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL SUI CRIMINI DELLA NATO:
-> sintesi in italiano:
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/270?&start=256
-> testo completo in inglese (73 pagine formato PDF):
http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/intcam/kosovo/index.html
http://www.abolishnato.com/abolishnato/warcrimes/warcrimes2.htm
-
Subject: [STOPNATO] AI report - hell is opening for NATO
Date: Wed, 07 Jun 2000 23:55:16 -0700
From: Peter Bein
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
1. Some pages in the newest AI report don't print, turn into blanks
after
scrolling. Same problem at AI site. Anybody knows how to fix it?
2. This is another NATO 'pussy cat' report, in spite of appearances.
- like HRW report about casualties it starts with an assertion of the
legitimacy of NATO 'humanitarian intervention', referring to Rambouillet
as
'peace talks' instead of an international scam designed to bully
Yugoslavia
into submission,
- has a pretence to objective investigations, but forgot that int'l
forensic teams found next to nothing in Kosovo dirt compared to NATO
'promises',
- wants to be taken seriously but ignores that Racak is a 100%
fabrication
- maybe they should demand public release of the final report from Dr
Ranta's forensic team first, if they really want to get to the guts of
the
NATO problem,
- it hangs on to the 400-600 number of casualties (as HRW) despite FRY's
detailed records of much more,
- it makes a disclaimer that only NATO's own statements are used to
prove
the allegations, but does not discuss Observer/Guardian/Politiken
article
on the embassy bombing which quotes high-ranking NATO sources; instead,
it
dwells on CIA 'punishment' of the 'guilty' thus legitimizing yet another
NATO lie in a series that starts to look more boring than puky to my
taste,
- among 9 example cases is bombing 'by accident' of the train on the
bridge
in Grdelica; this case is documented to be a lie of top NATO brass incl.
Clark -- the train WAS THE TARGET as is obvious from analysis of first
and
second AGM-130 films (I will post the website that proves it in
technical
detail, based on analysis of both gun camera films - it will make you
speechless)
3. I am unable to share your enthusiasm, Stormie. You are only proving
to
Maj. Kahrs that anti-natonites can be gullible. If anything, I would
suspect another PsyOps project. No matter how HRW and AI castigate NATO
there is no int'l institution that can get to NATO's throat. But reports
from those NGOs serve to legitimize blatant NATO distortions and lies at
a
low cost, while appearing "objective' to the average public opinion. At
the
time that the hell is opening for NATO it would be a logical thing to
do.
Peter
At 03:10 PM 06/06/00 -0400, Stormie wrote:
>STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.COM
>
>Dear friends :
>
>I have place a copy of Amnesty International document on the NATO bombing
>on my site on the "NATO War Crimes" page at
>www.abolishnato.com/abolishnato/warcrimes/warcrimes2.htm
>It is in PDF format and is downloadable as a zip file.
>It is 73 pages in length and that is why it is in such a format.
>
>Read it people! It is really a breath of fresh air and as I was reading it
>over I was cheering, applauding and licking my chops over it!!!! I really
>enjoy to the max anything that sticks it to the NATO Alliance!!
>
>I have always known that there is a night and day difference B/T Human
>Rights Watch and Amnesty International. For starters, take a look at their
>coverage of Kosovo events: AI seems truly interested in the welfare of
>Kosovo Serbs and their detention at a muddy, cold gymnasium. HRW reads like
>a Western newspaper, engaging in on anti-Serb demonization after another,
>with the style of the New York Times. I will write about that later on!
>Take a looooooong look at both Human Rights Watch's website and that of
>Amnesty International.
>Do you notice anything?! Hummm. . .
>
>ENJOY!
>
>"Stormie"
>
---
FONTI VARIE SULLE DISTRUZIONI OPERATE DALLA NATO SUL TERRITORIO
DELLA REPUBBLICA FEDERALE DI JUGOSLAVIA:
http://www.egroups.com/message/crj-mailinglist/180?&start=176&threaded=1
---
ALTRI LINK SEGNALATI:
http://www.csmonitor.com/durable/2000/06/12/fp7s1-csm.shtml
Christian Science Monitor
June 12, 2000
Families of NATO bomb victims demand accounting
On June 2, UN ruled airstrikes were not war crimes. Human rights group
disagrees.
Alex Todorovic - Special to The Christian Science Monitor
PODGORICA, YUGOSLAVIA
-
http://www.jonathandimbleby.co.uk/TX20000611_Robertson/transcript.html
ITV - interview with NATO's George Robertson
(Broadcast 11th June 2000, ITV)
-
http://commondreams.org/views/061000-103.htm
http://www.progressive.org/webex.htm
Sunday June 11 , 2000
Published on Saturday, June 10, 2000 by The Progressive
War Criminals? Who Us?
by Matthew Rothschild
-
http://www.grdelica-case.org/index.htm
NATO's BAD CONSCIENCE
The authors of these pages dedicate their work to justice, truth and
honesty, to the duties of Rule of Law.
That's what democracy stands for. That's what ICTY stands for. That's
what we thought.
The Grdelica Case
The Dakovica Case
The Izbica Miracle
-
http://www.originalsources.com
Clinton: The First American President to Commit Genocide in Europe
Serbs are being systematically exterminated in Kosovo
By: Mary Mostert, Analyst, Original Sources
May 30, 2000
-
http://www.pravda.ru/archive/days/1999/june/28/14-19-28-06-1999.htm.
"Pravda - Internet" correspondent, Andrei Krushinski,
reflects on the tragedy in Yugoslavia and compares it
with Vietnam and Czechoslovakia which he observed as a
Pravda correspondent in these countries.
TRAGEDY AND FARCE
NATO Aggression in Yugoslavia - through the prism of
Historical Parallels
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
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