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Bosnie : les séquelles des bombardements à l’uranium appauvri

TRADUIT PAR SELMA KULJUH
Publié dans la presse : 11 janvier 2007
Mise en ligne : mardi 13 février 2007


Comme le Kosovo et la Serbie, la Bosnie-Herzégovine a été frappée par les munitions à uranium appauvri. L’OTAN avait essentiellement bombardé des positions militaires serbes. Les conséquences de ces bombardements sur la santé sont de mieux en mieux connus : de nombreux soldats italiens ayant servi dans les Balkans souffrent de cancers des ganglions lymphatiques. Qui va financer le nettoyage des sites bombardés ?

Par D. Risojevic

« Le gouvernement de la Bosnie-Herzégovine doit demander l’aide de l’OTAN pour le nettoyage des lieux ayant été exposés aux effets des munitions à l’uranium appauvri », a déclaré Jelena Durkovic, ancienne présidente de la Commission de la recherche du Parlement de Bosnie-Herzégovine. 

Alarmée par l’annonce du taux élevé de mortalité parmi les soldats italiens qui ont servi dans les forces armées de l’OTAN dans les localités concernées, Jelena Durkovic a précisé que le gouvernement de Bosnie-Herzégovine devait passer à l’action et commencer le nettoyage des sites contaminés. 

Jelena Durkovic dirigeait auparavant la commission du Parlement de Bosnie-Herzégovine consacrée à l’étude des effets de l’uranium appauvri ainsi que de ses conséquences sur la population. Elle estime que l’Agence des radiations ionisantes formée par la Commission de la recherche devrait examiner tous les rapports sur les effets de l’uranium appauvri sur l’environnement et sur la population, après quoi il faudrait entreprendre le nettoyage du terrain contaminé. 

« C’est l’OTAN qui devrait financer le nettoyage car, en fin de compte, c’est l’Alliance atlantique qui a créé ce problème », précise Jelena Durkovic. 

Selon les informations fournies par les associations d’anciens militaires italiens, plus de 50 soldats ayant servi dans les forces armées de l’OTAN en Bosnie-Herzégovine et au Kosovo sont morts, tandis qu’on compte plus de 200 malades. 

On a mené plusieurs recherches en Bosnie-Herzégovine sur ce sujet mais, pour l’instant, sans établir de lien très net entre le taux élevé de cancer dans certaines régions et les effets de l’uranium appauvri. On a souvent cité le cas des réfugiés de Hadzici à Bratunac qui, juste après la guerre, mouraient en grand nombre du cancer. Slavica Jovanovic, employée au centre de santé local de Bratunac, a constaté que le taux de mortalité des habitants de Hadzici était deux fois plus élevé que celui de la population locale. Auparavant, les autorités de Bosnie-Herzégovine avaient découvert 14 localités qui avaient été exposées aux effets de l’uranium appauvri. Cela a été confirmé par les recherches de l’agence des Nations unies. 

En général, il s’agit d’anciennes positions tenues par l’armée de RS ainsi que des usines des munitions aux alentours de Sarajevo, exposées au bombardement des forces de l’OTAN. Le rapport des experts médicaux rédigé en 2002 pour le ministère de la Défense italien a révélé qu’un grand nombre des soldats ayant servi dans les Balkans ont été victimes de maladies malignes des ganglions lymphatiques. Il en va de même pour les vétérans de guerre en Belgique, en Espagne, en Portugal et aux Pays-Bas. 

La Grande Bretagne et les États-Unis ont reconnu que l’inhalation de poussière d’uranium appauvri pouvait nuire à la santé, mais que le danger était passager et localisé.



Guerra all'Iran. Il "plausibile scenario" di Brzezinski!

di Giulietta Chiesa*

Uno scenario "plausibile" per uno "scontro militare con l'Iran"?
Eccolo. E, per favore, non distraetevi: "il fallimento [del governo]
iracheno nell'adempiere ai requisiti [posti dall'amministrazione di
Washington], cui faranno seguito le accuse all'Iran di essere
responsabile del fallimento, indi, mediante qualche provocazione in
Iraq o un atto terroristico negli Stati Uniti attribuito all'Iran, [il
tutto] culminante in un'azione militare 'difensiva' degli Stati Uniti
contro l'Iran".

L'autore di questa sensazionale rivelazione si chiama Zbigniew
Brzezinski, Segretario alla Sicurezza Nazionale con Jimmy Carter, uno
dei maggiori esperti e consiglieri di politica estera di numerose
Amministrazioni americane. Dichiarazione fatta e registrata il 2
Febbraio scorso nell'audizione della Commissione Difesa del Senato
degli Stati Uniti d'America, nella quale, per la prima volta in
assoluto, una voce americana la cui autorevolezza non può essere messa
in discussione, considera "plausibile" che qualcuno, negli Stati
Uniti, possa organizzare un attentato terroristico contro gli Stati
Uniti, per poi attribuire il tutto a qualche nemico esterno e
scatenare una guerra.

Non fa venire i brividi? Non fa venire in mente l'11 Settembre, che a
questo "plausibile scenario" assomiglia come una goccia d'acqua?

Dunque Brzezinski informa i senatori che l'amministrazione Bush - per
meglio dire qualcuno al suo interno e molto in alto - sta cercando un
pretesto per attaccare l'Iran. E quale pretesto! Si aggiunga che le
tappe "1" e "2" (fallimento iracheno e immediata accusa di Washington
contro Teheran) si sono già realizzate nei giorni scorsi e i giornali
ne sono pieni. Restano le tappe "3" e "4" che potrebbero avvenire in
qualunque momento.

Perché non c'è dubbio che Brzezinski non si sarebbe spinto a
pronunciare quelle parole se non avesse saputo che il piano è già
scattato e se non avesse deciso che l'unico modo per bloccarlo è di
svelarlo.

Ma non c'è riuscito, fino a questo momento, perché il mainstream
informativo sembra non essersi accorto di niente. E questo silenzio di
tomba conferma la sostanziale complicità dei media con gli
organizzatori della guerra.

Delle rivelazioni di Brzezinski ha infatti parlato solo il Financial
Times, ma in sordina, quasi come ordinaria amministrazione. Molto
rivelatore anche il comportamento dell'Associated Press, che ha
riferito la notizia, ma omettendo il riferimento a un possibile
attentato terroristico sul territorio degli Stati Uniti.

I senatori non hanno chiesto delucidazioni, nemmeno i democratici,
troppo impauriti dalle loro responsabilità nella guerra irachena per
poter fermare quella iraniana che metterà alla berlina la loro
bipartisanship.

Ma come ignorare una voce come quella di Zbigniew Brzezinski, un uomo
che ha guidato per anni i servizi segreti e non ha mai perduto il
contatto con loro? Come tacere sulle conclusioni di colui che
organizzò la trappola afghana in cui caddero i sovietici nel 1979?
Qualcuno, adesso, (specie tra coloro che hanno taciuto sull'11
Settembre e poi, chiamati a risponderne, hanno difeso a spada tratta
la versione ufficiale, organizzata dai mentitori che stanno costruendo
questo stesso "plausibile scenario") dirà che stiamo forzando quello
che Brzezinski ha effettivamente detto.

Il fatto è che l'ex-Segretario alla Sicurezza Nazionale ha detto molto
di più. E ha chiarito ai senatori (forse) allibiti che stava proprio
parlando di una provocazione ordita non da Al Qaeda, ma dall'interno
dell'Amministrazione. Lo ha fatto ricordando l'articolo del New York
Times del 27 marzo 2006 che riprodusse il memorandum di un "colloquio
privato" tra Bush e Blair, due mesi prima dell'inizio dell'attacco
contro l'Iraq. Quel memorandum, mai smentito, era stato steso da uno
degli accompagnatori del premier britannico e infatti uscì da una gola
profonda di Londra. In quell'articolo - ecco cosa dice Brzezinski -
"al Presidente venivano attribuite preoccupazioni per il fatto che
avrebbero potuto non esserci in Iraq armi di distruzioni di massa",
che si sarebbero dovute mettere in piedi altre basi per sostenere
l'azione bellica".

E Brzezinski continua: "vi leggerò semplicemente ciò che quel
memorandum sembra contenere, secondo il New York Times: il Presidente
e il Primo Ministro riconobbero che in Iraq non erano state trovate
armi non convenzionali. Di fronte all'eventualità di non trovarne
alcuna prima della pianificata invasione, il signor Bush parlò di
diversi mezzi atti a provocare lo scontro. Descrisse i diversi modi in
cui ciò avrebbe potuto essere fatto. Non vorrei entrare nei
dettagli.quei modi erano abbastanza sensazionali, perlomeno uno di
essi lo era."

Nel memorandum del New York Times - Brzezinski delicatamente non lo
ricorda ai senatori - c'era l'abbattimento di un aereo americano da
ricognizione in alta quota, la cui responsabilità sarebbe stata
scaricata su Saddam Hussein. Ovvio che qui non si parla di Osama Bin
Laden. Il giornalista Barry Grey ( www.wsws.org ) gli chiede, per
essere certo di aver ben capito: lei sta suggerendo che c'è la
possibilità che ciò possa aver avuto origine all'interno dello stesso
governo americano?". La risposta di Brzezinski è tutt'altro che una
smentita: "Io sto dicendo che l'intera situazione può sfuggire di mano
e che ogni tipo di calcoli può produrre circostanze che sarà assai
difficile ricostruire". Esattamente come avvenne l'11 Settembre.
Stanno preparando la guerra e tutti i più importanti mass media
tacciono. Forse ce la racconteranno dopo come hanno già fatto altre
volte.

da www.megachip.info / Off - Quotidiano di spettacolo


--- In JUGOINFO, "Coord. Naz. per la Jugoslavia" ha scritto:


(In una recente audizione dinanzi alla Commissione Esteri del Senato
USA, il noto lobbysta e stratega Zbigniew Brzezinski si è lasciato
scappare alcune frasi eloquenti sulla possibilità che un attacco
contro l'Iran sia scatenato in seguito a provocazioni ben
orchestrate: atti terroristici in Iraq o anche, se necessario, sul
suolo USA, da attribuire agli iraniani... Come le bombe nel mercato
Markale di Sarajevo, o come l'11 Settembre, insomma...)

---

http://www.voltairenet.org/article145137.html

Brzezinski confirme que les États-Unis peuvent organiser des
attentats sur leur propre territoire

6 FÉVRIER 2007

Depuis
Washington DC (États-Unis)

A l'exception de The Washington Note et du Financial Times, les
grands médias ont décidé de ne pas rapporter les propos de Zbigniew
Brzezinski qui bouleversent la classe dirigeante états-unienne.
Auditionné le 1e février 2007 par la Commission des Affaires
étrangères du Sénat, l'ancien conseiller national de sécurité a lu
une déclaration dont il avait soigneusement pesé les termes.

Il a indiqué : « Un scénario possible pour un affrontement militaire
avec l'Iran implique que l'échec irakien atteigne les limites
américaines ; suivi par des accusations américaines rendant l'Iran
responsable de cet échec ; puis, par quelques provocations en Irak ou
un acte terroriste sur le sol américain dont l'Iran serait rendu
responsable. Ceci pourrait culminer avec une action militaire
américaine "défensive" contre l'Iran qui plongerait une Amérique
isolée dans un profond bourbier englobant l'Iran, l'Irak,
l'Afghanistan et le Pakistan »

Vous avez bien lu : M. Brzezinski a évoqué la possible organisation
par l'administration Bush d'un attentat sur le sol des États-Unis qui
serait faussement attribué à l'Iran pour provoquer une guerre.

À Washington les analystes hésitent entre deux interprétations de
cette déclaration. Pour les uns, l'ancien conseiller national de
sécurité a tenté de couper l'herbe sous les pieds des
néoconservateurs et de jeter le doute à l'avance sur toute
circonstance qui conduirait à la guerre. Pour d'autres, M. Brzezinski
a voulu, en outre, suggérer qu'en cas d'affrontement avec les
partisans de la guerre, il pourrait rouvrir le dossier du 11
septembre. Quoi qu'il en soit, l'hypothèse de Thierry Meyssan — selon
laquelle les attentats du 11 septembre auraient été perpétrés par une
faction du complexe militaro-industriel pour provoquer les guerres
d'Afghanistan et d'Irak — quitte soudainement le domaine du tabou
pour être discutée publiquement par les élites de Washington.

---

05/02/2007

Zbig entre deux eaux

5 février 2007 - Il est arrivé d'étranges aventures à Zbigniew (Zbig)
Brzezinski, l'ancien conseiller à la sécurité nationale (directeur du
NSC) du président Carter et l'un des "pères vénérables" de la
communauté de sécurité nationale à Washington. Ces aventures,
largement illustrées sur notre site, mérite un supplément d'enquête.
Elles dévoilent certains aspects du profond désarroi et de possibles
manigances de l'establishment washingtonien. D'autre part, elles
ouvrent certaines perspectives inattendues par l'introduction d'un
facteur également inattendu.

Rappelons les événements, - tels que nous les avons vécus, nous, sur
le site dedefensa.org

. Le 1er février, nous indiquons, avec la citation de quelques
extraits dans notre Bloc-Notes du jour, l'accès au site The
Washington Note qui publie le texte intégral de l'intervention de
Zbigniew Brzezinski devant la commission sénatoriale des relations
extérieures. Brzezinski lira ce texte plus tard dans la journée,
devant la commission du Sénat.

. Si nous remarquons la puissance générale de la critique, nous
l'apprécions mal en ne la situant pas dans son contexte. Et nous
ratons l'essentiel.

. Le lendemain 2 février, le site WSWS.org rend compte de la démarche
de Brzezinski, en appuyant sur le fait que Brzezinski laisse
clairement entendre que l'administration GW prépare éventuellement
une ou des provocations pour justifier une attaque contre l'Iran. Un
passage du texte de WSWS.org :

«Most stunning and disturbing was his description of a "plausible
scenario for a military collision with Iran." It would, he suggested,
involve "Iraqi failure to meet the benchmarks, followed by
accusations of Iranian responsibility for the failure, then by some
provocation in Iraq or a terrorist act in the US blamed on Iran,
culminating in a 'defensive' US military action against Iran that
plunges a lonely America into a spreading and deepening quagmire
eventually ranging across Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and
Pakistan." [Emphasis added].»

. Le lendemain (3 février), WSWS.org revient sur l'affaire pour dire
sa stupéfaction que l'extraordinaire "hypothèse" de Brzezinski ait
été ignorée par l'essentiel de la presse comme il faut des USA.

. Là où l'intervention de Brzezinski est reprise dans un certain
détail, parfois avec un retard, on trouve en général des pudeurs
révélatrices. C'est le cas de ce texte de Associated Press du 3
février, repris par CommonDreams.org. Si l'hypothèse de la
provocation de l'administration est reprise, la précision qu'elle
pourrait constituer en une attaque terroriste-bidon sur le sol des
USA est écartée (effectivement, curiosité : pourquoi avoir éliminé
cet élément du passage du texte de Brzezinski évoqué plus haut?) :

Brzezinski «set out as a plausible scenario for military collision:
Iraq failing to meet benchmarks set by the administration, followed
by accusations Iran is responsible for the failure, then a terrorist
act or some provocation blamed on Iran, culminating in so-called
defensive U.S. military action against Iran».

. Parmi les commentaires postés sur le forum de CommonDreams.org
attaché à ce texte, on en trouve un intéressant, qui a remarqué
l'omission. Nous soulignons (en gras) le passage qui nous intéresse.

Optimismwill nous dit, le 4 février à 08H01 :

«What the AP report leaves out, not surprisingly, is that ZB said the
terrorist provocation might come on U.S. soil. This is a very
significant statement, coming from a man who, in THE GREAT GLOBAL
CHESSBOARD, written a few years before 9-11, called for a New Pearl
Harbor to justify invading the "New Eldorado" of gas and oil in the
Mid East/Central Asia. Here is an insider admitting that 9-11 might
have been an inside job, and also claiming the Bush Administration is
capable of doing it (again).

»Congress and the Democrats?: Don't bet on them. They're making
opportune noises, but won't do anything. The American people? Sadly,
don't bet on them either: until after the fact, when the soldiers in
Iraq are massacred, and the economy tanks. Then we might see some
movement.»

Le "politically correct" écarte la "démonisation"

Cette remarque soutient l'essentiel de notre commentaire direct.
(«Here is an insider admitting that 9-11 might have been an inside
job, and also claiming the Bush Administration is capable of doing it
(again ).») En quelques mots, Zbigniew Brzezinski a donné le crédit
essentiel du possible à l'hypothèse d'une manigance - quelle qu'elle
soit, peu importe - autour de l'attentat du 11 septembre 2001.
L'hypothèse devient, en un sens, et sans que ce jugement la
décrédibilise fondamentalement (ni ne la crédibilise outre-mesure,
d'ailleurs), "politically correct". Elle n'est plus, pour employer un
autre langage, plus pompeux et emphatique, du domaine de
l'"indicible". Quoiqu'on pense du caractère assez méprisable de ces
catégories imposées par le conformisme des forces du pouvoir et du
terrorisme de la pensée qui les soutiennent, il n'empêche qu'elles
sont les barrières à franchir pour qu'une idée, une thèse, une
théorie, passent du domaine maudit de la dissidence, du non-
conformisme, au domaine de l'approbation officielle d'en débattre.
Sans sacrifier au mépris qu'il est sain d'avoir pour cette manouvre,
il faut en relever l'efficacité dans ce cas, - non pas tant pour le
triomphe ou l'institutionnalisation d'une possibilité, que pour le
désarroi que cette institutionnalisation sème dans le monde officiel
et dans son univers virtualiste. Il est utile de savoir retourner
contre lui les armes de contraintes de la psychologie dont use le
système.

Ce qui nous importe est donc le silence contraint qui a accueilli en
général les propos de Brzezinski sans que ces propos puissent
pourtant être passés tout à fait sous silence, - Brzezinski étant ce
qu'il est. L'écho dans les canaux de l'information officielle a été
dérisoire mais tout le monde à Washington sait bien ce que Brzezinski
a dit. Le pendant de ce silence est l'absence de critiques de son
intervention, notamment du passage incriminé, et de mise en cause et
de contradiction de ce passage. C'est aussi révélateur. On se tait
parce qu'on sait qu'il a raison. L'establishment est complètement sur
la défensive, mais une défensive contrainte, presque paralysée.

Il en ressort deux conséquences importantes.

. La "démonisation" systématique des recherches faites sur les
hypothèses de complot ou de complicité du pouvoir dans l'attaque du
11 septembre est décisivement mise en cause. Cela ne donne pas la
clef de la vérité de 9/11 mais place ceux qui s'en occupent dans une
position beaucoup plus libre pour poursuivre leurs travaux. C'est
important pour la déstabilisation constante que ces travaux font
peser sur l'establishment encore plus que pour le résultat éventuel
de ces travaux,.

. Un doute fondamental est désormais porté sur l'attitude et l'action
du gouvernement, comme une ombre inquiétante. Cela vaut hier pour
9/11 et demain, voire tout à l'heure, pour son action face à l'Iran.
Pendant de la mise en cause de la démonisation mentionnée plus haut,
il s'agit d'un pas de plus dans la désacralisation du pouvoir US
considéré comme sacré et universel («Nous sommes tous des
Américains») au lendemain de 9/11.

Reste maintenant l'énigme Brzezinski. Pourquoi a-t-il dit ce qu'il a
dit ? L'homme n'est pas devenu un dissident du régime ni un adepte
des thèses de complot (à moins qu'il n'en sache beaucoup sur
l'attaque 9/11). Sans doute a-t-il répondu à son tempérament, - très
vif comme l'on sait, - en même temps qu'à des informations précises
qu'il possèderait sur certaines intentions ou possibilités
d'intention de l'équipe GW dans la crise iranienne. S'ensuit un
réflexe également vif, où se mêlent une colère et un mépris certains,
contre l'administration Bush et sa politique infantile et brutale, et
un accès de sincérité qui rencontre et exprime cette colère et le
désir de Brzezinski de tout faire pour saboter l'action de cette
administration.

Exactement, - de la sincérité. Il ne faut jamais désespérer des
réactions humaines les plus inattendues, mais aussi les plus fortes
quand elles ont lieu, même dans l'atmosphère délétère de tromperie et
de montage où nous baignons. L'accès de sincérité est la bombe par
excellence dans cet univers clinquant de conformisme et de
virtualisme. La sincérité fait bien des dégâts, quel que soit l'homme
qui y cède, et d'ailleurs sans que lui-même n'en acquiert pour autant
des vertus exceptionnelles.

Tout cela est humain : dans l'atmosphère des contraintes terribles
pesant sur les psychologies, certaines d'entre elles, les plus
corsées ou les plus vives, cèdent parfois à la révolte, - à la
sincérité, qui est aujourd'hui la plus terrible des révoltes parce
qu'elle engendre une conviction dévastatrice face à la dialectique
molle et contrainte de ceux, - la plupart chez ceux qui y adhèrent -
qui suivent le conformisme et le virtualisme. Cet accès de sincérité
est également le signe du caractère insupportable qu'atteint
aujourd'hui la situation générale du système, avec les pressions
qu'il impose aux psychologies.

(Source : http://fr.groups.yahoo.com/group/alerte_otan/messages )

--- Fine messaggio inoltrato ---



Self Determination 2007/02/13


BELGRADE/PRISTINA/TIRANA/BERLIN (Own report) - Serbia should relinquish its southern province of Kosovo and place itself under the patronage of its former enemies. That is the gist of the offer which the German presidency made to the Belgrade government last Monday. As a reward for the renunciation of Kosovo, negotiations would be opened with the EU for an association agreement. The territorial self-amputation, which Berlin expects in the name of the EU, would break the Serbian constitution and create a dangerous precedent of forced secession of territories by appeals to "self determination" from violent minorities. Organisations connected with German foreign policy have pushed these sorts of theories for years, aiming at the dismemberment of neighbouring countries. The offer by the German presidency followed demonstrations by violent Kosovo separatists which claimed two lives last week end. The disorders were promoted by a terrorist organisation which demands an end to the need for Kosovo to achieve standards in human rights and already has a branch office in Germany. Its ringleaders were among the co-conspirators of the former German foreign minister Klaus Kinkel in the preparations for the Yugoslav/Kosovo war of 1999. They cooperated with the underground Kosovo Liberation Army (UCK) which was supported and sustained by Germany. Those ringleaders form the government in Pristina today. The ensuing violence is a consequence of the change of power enforced by Germany which gave suspected war criminals and crooks the decisive influence in Kosovo.

As announced following an EU foreign ministers' conference which took place last Monday under German chairmanship, the former aggressors are offering Belgrade a resumption of talks on a so-called treaty of association. It is a condition that the Serbian government should fulfil all demands of the UN tribunal in the Hague and extradite former high ranking officers of its armed forces to the victors. Additionally Serbia should accede to the plan for Kosovo's secession, drafted by the former Finnish president Martti Ahtisaari on behalf of the UN and break its own constitution by renouncing claim to its southern province of Kosovo. To avoid the appearance of a complete capitulation by Belgrade, the planned secession is called "partial independence" although the founding of Kosovo as a state is decked out with all the insignia and trappings of a sovereign state. The "association agreement", which requires further discussions with Belgrade, will bind Serbia irrevocably to the EU and distance Belgrade from its former ally, Russia, which continues to refuse its agreement to Kosovo's secession.[1]

Occasion and Cause

The offer by the EU foreign ministers had already been made public in the run-up to the conference and provoked Kosovan terrorists who stirred up a storm of protest against the cosmetic restrictions on their anticipated "self determination". They want to establish their new EU state without controls from Brussels and to keep open the possibility of further frontier encroachments against bordering states, including Greece. Coordinated demonstrations, which took place on the eve of the foreign ministers conference and claimed two lives, were designed to make an impression. The protests were planned by an organisation called " Vetevendosje" (Self determination) which has campaigned for several years for the union of Kosovo with Albania and for the annexation of parts of Macedonia, Montenegro and Greece. The Kosovo uprisings of March 2004 (in which 18 people were killed and numerous Orthodox churches and monasteries were destroyed) served as a model for the recent disturbances - with some success. According to critics, the planning of that episode was advised beforehand to German secret service and military authorities. The riots were not prevented by the occupying troops and this provided Berlin's foreign policy with the occasion to press for early secession of the south Serbian province.[2]

Introduced Everywhere

Experts evaluate the Vetevendosje organisation as terrorist. It demands the immediate ending of the negotiations on secession and the unconditional founding of the state of Kosovo. A long term observer [3] reports that its main slogans are "Smite the Serbs" and "Freedom, no Standards". "Standards" in this case mean, amongst other things demanded by the UN, the protection of minorities from murderous pogroms. Vetevendosje works within circles of the veterans of unification "Balli Kombetar", an earlier terror organisation of Greater Albanian nationalism which collaborated with Nazi Germany in the early Forties. The leader of Vetevendosje, Albin Kurti, has good contacts in Germany which he uses to secure his influential position in the Kosovo secession movement. During the preparations for the war in Yugoslavia, as a representative of the underground Kosovo Liberation Army (UCK), he was introduced everywhere "in the whole western world as a charismatic student leader" - so reports a government adviser of the time.[4] Among Kurti's contacts is the former foreign minister, Klaus Kinkel.

Advances

Kurti's German contacts could flourish in the orbit of the long term support which the German intelligence community offered to the Kosovo Liberation Army. As a result "advances in the Albanian area" had already begun by the end of the Eighties. According to the intelligence expert Erich Schmdt-Eenboom, the then German foreign minister Hans Dietrich Genscher initiated these contacts.[5] The aim was to use the break up of the Warsaw Pact states to establish a presence quickly on the borders of Yugoslavia. Alongside weapon supplies, Tirana received espionage equipment from 1991 - just at the time that the Albanian secret service started to build up the newly founded Kosovo Liberation Army. Some of the German supplies were later found in Kosovo. According to press reports, the German Secret Service (BND Bundesnachrichtendienst) went over to arming the Kosovo Liberation Army directly in 1996, just as it was starting its first large campaign with bomb attacks on five Serbian refugee camps. The secret service connections continue openly to this day. A year ago the Belgrade press reported that both the BND and German Inland Secret Service had begun training espionage and state protection organisations.[6]

The Whole Spectrum

The close political connections with Berlin which are enjoyed by the ruling clans in Pristina are built on the secret service contacts established in the pre-war and wartime periods. Former KLA pupils of German foreign policy have provided two of the four previous "prime ministers" of Kosovo. Agim Ceku, who was KLA Chief of Staff responsible for ground operations within the framework of the NATO attack, has led the Kosovo government since last year. He stands accused of serious war crimes and, as a result of Western pressure, has been twice released from investigative custody without coming before a court. Ramush Haradinaj, Ceku's predecessor but one in office, converted the KLA into the paramilitary "Kosovo Protection Corps" after the war. Two years ago the BND reported on Haradinaj using its intimate knowledge of Kosovo " The clan structure in the Decani area around Ramush Haradinaj is concerned with the whole spectrum of criminal, political and military activities which considerably affect the security conditions in all Kosovo. The group has about 100 members and is active in drug and weapon smuggling and in illegal trade in goods subject to customs duties. Additionally it controls organs of local government."[7]

Despised

The prospect of building a state on such a power basis at Berlin's insistence provoked the former Kosovo Ombudsman, Marek Antoni Nowicki, to sharp criticism. Nowicki reported last year "Kosovo society is dominated by a fine-meshed network of great Albanian families, which rule the area as clans. In this part of the world, cooperation with the police and justice departments is never valued and is, in fact, despised".[8] He reported after a thorough-going analysis of the security and justice systems, as well as corruption, organised crime and discrimination against minorities that the human rights situation in the protectorate "remains continually below minimum international standards".[9] As the final procedures for the splitting off of Kosovo became evident, Nowicki was removed from his post. His successor has not been known to make any critical remarks.



[2] see also Konsequenz des Krieges and Model
[3], [4] Albin Kurti: Mit wohlbekannten Methoden auf dem Weg nach Groß-Albanien; www.eurasischesmagazin.de 30.07.2006
[5] Europäische und amerikanische Interessen auf dem Balkan; Telepolis 29.08.2001
[7] Rechtsstaat? Lieber nicht!; Die Weltwoche 43/2005
[8] Kosovo und Kosova. Gedanken eines ehemaligen Balkan-Korrespondenten; Neues Deutschland 22.03.2006
[9] Marek Antoni Nowicki: Kosovo pro memoria; www.kosovo.net/news/archive/2006/February_24/1.html



From:   r_rozoff
Subject: Yevgeny Primakov: Three Arguments Against Kosovo Independence
Date: February 16, 2007 11:20:52 PM GMT+01:00
To:   stopnato @ yahoogroups.com


http://english.mn.ru/english/issue.php?2007-6-7

Moscow News
February 16, 2007

Three Arguments Against Kosovo Independence
By Yevgeny Primakov, member of the Russian Academy of
Sciences


-[T]he U.S. State Department put the Kosovo Liberation
Army (KLA), which was using force to drive the Serbs
out of Kosovo, on a list of terrorist organizations.
But starting in 1998, the situation began to turn
around. There is no need to mention the rest of the
story - it is well known.
Its main distinguishing feature was that it was not
diplomacy, not politics, but NATO that had become the
principal player on the Yugoslav scene.
-[One] option is to use the Ahtisaari plan as a basis
for a U.N. Security Council resolution. This line of
action is favored by the U.S.
It is acting in haste, apparently without assessing
the possible fallout of this haste. But if it is
drafted by the U.S. and other Western countries, I
believe that Russia should veto a resolution
recognizing Kosovo's independence.

A story published in [MN #5] offered an in-depth
analysis of a plan for Kosovo presented by Martti
Ahtisaari, special envoy of the U.N. secretary general
and former president of Finland.

The document, drawn up on the basis of Ahtisaari's
numerous trips to Belgrade and Pristina, as well as a
number of meetings with statesmen from different
countries, skirts the issue of Kosovo's independence.

At the same time, however, it provides essential
trappings of a sovereign state - the emblem, the flag,
the anthem, as well as an issue of special importance,
the right to join international organizations -
including the U.N., the EU and NATO.

Serbia took a sharply negative view of the plan.

The position of Kosovo's Albanians, however, is not so
negative because the U.S. and some West European
politicians are telling Pristina that the proposal
will lead to Kosovo's formal separation from Serbia
and that the province will eventually become an
independent state.

This status, they say, is a foregone conclusion: the
plan is a bona fide road map to independence, but it
cannot be granted right away. Amid such statements,
demonstrations in Pristina against the plan resemble a
means of pressuring the Serbs and the world community
as a whole to embrace the plan - or else.

What is to be done in this situation, given the
extremely complex nature of the problem at hand and
its obvious implications for other conflicts in
various parts of the world, not to mention global
relations?

There are several factors that need to be taken into
account if a compromise solution is to be achieved.

Kosovo and Metohia are considered to be the Serbs'
native and ancestral land, a land where their
civilization, culture and identity evolved.

The Serbian Constitution, recently adopted in a
nationwide referendum, calls Kosovo an inalienable
part of Serbia. Kosovo's formal secession from Serbia
- not a compromise solution acceptable to the Serbian
side - will sharply strengthen the positions of the
country's radical forces.

The Albanians have also lived in Kosovo for centuries.
As a result of the standoff between the Serbs and
Albanians in Kosovo, not least with the use of force,
ethnic Albanians account for 90 percent of the
province's population.

Under Josip Broz Tito, Kosovo had an autonomy status
as part of Yugoslavia. Following the disintegration of
Yugoslavia, Kosovo's Albanians created their own
parliament (Skupstina) that in 1990 passed a law on
the province's independence.

That did not lead, however, to its breakaway from
Serbia; rather a de facto diarchy was established in
Kosovo. Ibrahim Rugova, elected "president" of Kosovo,
adhered to a moderate position, specifically during
negotiations with Belgrade.

There was a handful of advocates for Kosovo's
independent status outside the province.

In 1996, as Russian foreign minister, I met with the
Albanian foreign minister at a U.N. General Assembly
session in New York.

He told me that his country (even his country - Ye.P.)
only saw a solution to the Kosovo problem within the
borders of Yugoslavia.

A similar position was recorded in a number of
documents adopted by the Contact Group, comprising
Russia, the U.S., Germany, the U.K., and France.

The Group's first statement on Kosovo was adopted on
September 24, 1997 with my participation. The
resolution was based on the assumption that the Kosovo
problem was Yugoslavia's internal affair.

We subsequently revisited the Kosovo issue on numerous
occasions, but the general consensus was that Kosovo
is not an independent state entity.

The debate between myself and former U.S. Secretary of
State Madeleine Albright proceeded along the following
lines: "Kosovo is part of Yugoslavia" (Albright) and
"Kosovo is part of Serbia" (myself).

Whatever the case, both the U.S. and Russia considered
Kosovo to be a "part" of another state.

Furthermore, the U.S. State Department put the Kosovo
Liberation Army (KLA), which was using force to drive
the Serbs out of Kosovo, on a list of terrorist
organizations.

But starting in 1998, the situation began to turn
around. There is no need to mention the rest of the
story - it is well known.

Its main distinguishing feature was that it was not
diplomacy, not politics, but NATO that had become the
principal player on the Yugoslav scene.

The situation did not change when the United Nations
Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK)
formally took over, creating "provisional
self-government" and conducting [parliamentary]
elections that were boycotted by the Serb population.

Nor did anything change for the better when
international military and police forces were brought
into Kosovo - a total of 16,500 servicemen from NATO
member countries.

Today, the Serbs have become second-rate citizens,
exposed to constant pressure from Kosovo Albanians who
are determined to evict even the tiny number of Serbs
that remain in the province.

What now? There are two scenarios.

One is to treat the Ahtisaari plan as a basis for
serious negotiations between the parties involved,
even if this requires considerable time.

It may be recalled that the Cyprus and Irish problems
has been debated for decades.

This is not to suggest that the Kosovo crisis should
be allowed to drag on. But is a forcible settlement,
infringing on the interests of the Serbs, really the
best method of maintaining stability in the region?

Jumping the gun can be as dangerous as marking time.

The second option is to use the Ahtisaari plan as a
basis for a U.N. Security Council resolution. This
line of action is favored by the U.S.

It is acting in haste, apparently without assessing
the possible fallout of this haste. But if it is
drafted by the U.S. and other Western countries, I
believe that Russia should veto a resolution
recognizing Kosovo's independence. The U.S. must
understand Russia's motives.

I would like to mention three.

First, granting Kosovo independence could reopen
interethnic armed conflicts in the post-Soviet area
that required so much effort to extinguish - between
Georgia and Abkhazia, Georgia and South Ossetia,
Armenia and Azerbaijan, and Moldova and Transdnestr.

According to Condoleezza Rice, she often told her
Russian interlocutors that Kosovo "may not be a
precedent."

But can this proposition be used as a policy basis?

I do not think so. Kosovo's secession from Serbia is a
special case: The attempt is being made to separate an
autonomous republic from a state with internationally
recognized borders.

But the secession of an autonomous republic from a
state must be approved by the state's entire
population. I am afraid that Kosovo's secession from
Serbia will fuel separatism in Europe, among other
regions.

Second, granting Kosovo independence could affect the
state structure of the Balkans, which is

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