Informazione

--- In icdsm-italia @yahoogroups.com, "icdsm_italia" ha scritto:

[ Il testo integrale della dichiarazione di Slobodan Milosevic in
apertura del "processo di difesa" dinanzi al "Tribunale ad hoc per i
crimini commessi sul territorio della ex Jugoslavia" dell'Aia (31
agosto - 2 settembre 2004 -- vedi in fondo per i dettagli sulla
edizione italiana) è finalmente DISPONIBILE ANCHE IN LINGUA INGLESE ]


The Defense Speaks for History and the Future

Opening Defense Statement at the Hague by
President of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milosevic

With an introduction by Ramsey Clark


The U.S./NATO court trying Slobodan Milosevic was always totally
illegitimate. It could never be taken seriously as a court of justice.
Milosevic's defense is powerful, convincing, persuasive and impossible
to dismiss.
--Harold Pinter, author, playwright and winner of 2005 Nobel Prize in
Literature

This book is a vital antidote to the demonizing calumny heaped on the
defenders of Yugoslavia. Many misled people would benefit greatly if
they gave some respectful attention to the side that tried to avoid
war and save a multi-ethnic social democracy.
--Michael Parenti, author of Superpatriotism and To Kill a Nation: The
Attack on Yugoslavia

In Iraq, the whole world now knows, the charge of weapons of mass
destruction - WMD - was a fraud and war propaganda. How many people
know that the 78-day bombing of all of Yugoslavia, based on the charge
of 'mass graves' in Kosovo, was also a fraud and war propaganda - a
weapon of mass deception - to justify the U.S. military and corporate
takeover of the entire region.

List Price $19.95, But at Leftbooks.com
Only $15.00

IAC, 2006, 120pp, Index, Appendices, Chronology, softcover

Price: $ 15.00

TO ORDER THE BOOK:
http://www.leftbooks.com/cgi-local/SoftCart.exe/online-store/scstore/p-biac2006ds.html?E+scstore


------
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/icdsm-italia/message/204
------

IN DIFESA DELLA JUGOSLAVIA
IL J'ACCUSE DI SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC DI FRONTE AL "TRIBUNALE AD HOC" DELL'AIA

Zambon Editore (Frankfurt, 2005)
240 pagine, 10 euro, ISBN 88-87826-33-1

Il testo integrale, in lingua italiana, della dichiarazione di
Slobodan Milosevic in apertura del "processo di difesa" dinanzi al
"Tribunale ad hoc per i crimini commessi sul territorio della ex
Jugoslavia" dell'Aia (31 agosto - 2 settembre 2004), ed altri testi
inediti di Slobodan Milosevic.

A cura della Sezione Italiana del Comitato Internazionale per la
Difesa di Slobodan Milosevic (ICDSM Italia)

Da capro espiatorio ad accusatore: Milosevic punta il dito sulle
potenze che hanno voluto la distruzione della Jugoslavia – vera prima
tappa della "guerra permanente" per il Nuovo Ordine Mondiale.

Distribuzione:



- per l'Italia

# distribuzione militante: rivolgersi ad
ICDSM-Italia
c/o GAMADI, Via L. Da Vinci 27
00043 Ciampino (Roma)
tel. +39-339-3873909 fax +39-06-4828957
email: icdsm-italia @ libero.it

+++ ICDSM-Italia è contattabile anche per organizzare
iniziative-dibattito e presentazioni del libro +++

# nelle librerie:
CDA – Bologna
# altri:
Achab
Via Caroto 2/a – 37131 Verona
Tel.: 045 8489196 – Fax: 045 8403149
info @ edizioni-achab.it – www.edizioni-achab.it

- per l'estero

rivolgersi a Zambon Editore, Francoforte sul Meno (Germania)
zambon @ zambon.net - Tel. 069/779223 Fax 069/773054


"Tra le idiozie e le infamie messe in circolazione dall'ideologia che
ha accompagnato la guerra contro la Jugoslavia, una spicca in modo
particolare: il processo all'Aia contro Milo?sevi´c [...] A
pronunciare tale requisitoria è in primo luogo un paese che, ancora
nel secondo dopoguerra, non è indietreggiato dinanzi ad alcuna infamia
nel tentativo (fallito) di assogettare i popoli dell'Indocina: qui,
ancora ai giorni nostri, innumerevoli bambini, donne e uomini
continuano a portare nel loro corpo martoriato i segni
dell'indscriminata guerra chimica condotta dagli aspiranti padroni del
pianeta. D'altro canto, per ironia della storia, la farsa giudiziaria
contro Milo?sevi´c va avanti mentre, nonostante la censura, trapelano
particolari agghiaccianti su Guantanamo e Abu Ghraib..." (Domenico
Losurdo)

"...Determinanti per la istituzione del Tribunale Internazionale per i
Crimini in Jugoslavia (in sigla: ICTY) le pressioni esercitate da
Madeleine Albright quale ambasciatore USA alle Nazioni Unite. Quegli
stessi USA che si sono sempre opposti alla costituzione del Tribunale
Penale Internazionale (in sigla: TPI), non consentendo che i cittadini
degli Stati Uniti vengano sottoposti al giudizio di autorità
giudiziarie diverse dalle loro, in ossequio alle ambizioni
imperialistiche degli USA. In Italia ne abbiamo avuto (fra gli altri)
un doloroso esempio per l'eccidio del Cermis ad opera di piloti USA
sottratti al giudizio dell'autorità giudiziaria italiana e
sostanzialmente assolti negli USA.
Per quanto riguarda la costituzione dell'ICTY va osservato che la
Carta dell'ONU non consente la possibilità, per il Consiglio di
Sicurezza, di creare "tribunali ad hoc" da ritenere discriminatori ed
organizzati per colpire i nemici USA..." (Giuseppe Mattina)


INDICE:

Introduzione: Domenico
Losurdo........................................................3
Processo Milosevic: un "processo alle
intenzioni"..........................9
(a cura di ICDSM-Italia)
Lettera al Presidente
Milosevic.......................................................37
di Miriam Pellegrini Ferri e Spartaco Ferri
Sulle illegalità del processo contro Slobodan Milosevic:
Giuseppe
Mattina.................................................................................39
DICHIARAZIONE DI SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC......................45
in apertura del "processo di difesa" dinanzi
al "Tribunale ad hoc per i crimini commessi
sul territorio della ex-Jugoslavia" dell'Aia (Olanda)
31 agosto-2 settembre 2004
Legenda: nomenclatura ed acronimi:
............................................199
Allegato 1:
Discorso di Milosevic a Campo dei Merli, 28 giugno 1989........211
Allegato 2:
Slobodan Milosevic si rivolge alla nazione, 2 ottobre 2000........219
Allegato 3:
Lettera di Milosevic all'opinione pubblica, agosto 2003.............229
SCHEDA: ICDSM
..............................................................................239


Questo testo è stato realizzato interamente grazie al lavoro
volontario dei membri e dei simpatizzanti dell'ICDSM e grazie ai
proventi della sottoscrizione popolare per la difesa di Slobodan
Milosevic. Il ricavato della vendita di questo libro va a copertura
delle spese dell'ICDSM e della difesa legale di Milosevic.

Per il contributo prezioso, fornito per la realizzazione di questo
libro, ringraziamo tra gli altri: A. Amoroso, C. Bettio, O. Daric , C.
Ferretti, S. Ferri, D. Losurdo, M. Marianetti, A. Martocchia, G.
Mattina, I. Pavicevac, B. Stradcutter, F. Zuddas.

La traduzione è basata sulle trascrizioni "ufficiali" in lingua
inglese e francese, che si possono reperire al sito internet del
"Tribunale ad hoc":
31 agosto 2004: http://www.un.org/icty/transe54/040831ED.htm
1 settembre 2004: http://www.un.org/icty/transe54/040901IT.htm
2 settembre 2004: http://www.un.org/icty/transe54/040902IT.htm
In lingua francese: http://www.un.org/icty/transf54/transf54.htm

Uvodna rec Predsednika Milosevica u Hagu 31. avgusta i 1. septembra 2004.:
http://www.sloboda.org.yu/uvodnarecC.htm - cirilica;
http://www.sloboda.org.yu/uvodnarecL.htm - latinica.

Invitiamo il lettore a seguire le udienze del "Tribunale ad hoc" anche
via internet sui siti:
http://www.domovina.net/Icty/eng/room1.ram
http://hague.bard.edu/video.html
http://tribunal.freeserbia.com
LE TRASCRIZIONI "UFFICIALI" DEL "PROCESSO" SI TROVANO AI SITI:
http://www.un.org/icty/transe54/transe54.htm (IN ENGLISH)
http://www.un.org/icty/transf54/transf54.htm (EN FRANCAIS)

Ulteriori informazioni ed aggiornamenti ai siti internet:

http://www.sloboda.org.yu/ (Associazione Libertà/Sloboda)
http://www.icdsm.org/ (Comitato internazionale per la difesa di
Slobodan Milosevic)
http://www.pasti.org/milodif.html (sezione italiana dell'ICDSM)
http://www.free-slobo.de/ (sezione tedesca dell'ICDSM)
http://www.free-slobo-uk.org/ (sezione britannica dell'ICDSM)
http://www.icdsm-us.org/ (sezione statunitense dell'ICDSM)
http://www.icdsmireland.org/ (sezione irlandese dell'ICDSM)
http://www.wpc-in.org/ (Consiglio mondiale per la pace/World Peace
Council)
http://www.geocities.com/b_antinato/ (Centro antiNATO dei Balcani)
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/jugoinfo (Notiziario JUGOINFO del
Coordinamento Nazionale per la Jugoslavia, Italia)

---

COMITATO INTERNAZIONALE PER LA DIFESA DI SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC
ICDSM Sofia - New York - Mosca www.icdsm.org

* * *
Velko Valkanov, Ramsey Clark, Alexander Zinoviev (Co-Presidente),
Klaus Hartmann (Presidente del Comitato), Vladimir Krsljanin
(Segretario), Christopher Black (Presidente, Comitato Giuridico),
Tiphaine Dickson (Portavoce Legale)
* * *

--- Fine messaggio inoltrato ---

--- In yugoslaviainfo @yahoogroups.com, Predrag Tosic wrote:


http://www.globalresearch.ca


The Hague Tribunal: The Political Economy of Sham Justice

Carla Del Ponte Addresses Goldman Sachs on Justice and Profits

By Edward S. Herman

November 20, 2005

On October 6, 2005, Carla Del Ponte, prosecutor of the International
Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), gave a talk before an
audience at Goldman Sachs in London that throws light on the role of
the ICTY as well as the character and qualities of Ms. Del Ponte and
her efforts. [1]

Speaking before this business audience, Ms. Del Ponte emphasized that
the ICTY and other UN organizations are not profit-making bodies, but
that they, and the ICTY specifically, facilitate profit-making for
others. "Preventing wars or bringing justice doesn't fill the UN or
anybody's bank accounts," she said. The private sector can't carry
out these functions. But Ms. Del Ponte claims that such services not
only save lives, reduce human suffering and destruction, they also
help bring stability: "This is where the long-term profit of the UN's
work resides. We are trying to create stable conditions so that safe
investments can take place." This will make for "a reasonably
prosperous democracyŠa factor of peace and stability in the world."

In trying to sell the ICTY to this business group as a partner or
servant of neoliberalism, Del Ponte runs into the difficulty that the
actual work of her organization has been highly destabilizing, did
not "save lives" or diminish human suffering and destruction, and that
it has left its main areas of intervention--Bosnia/Herzegovina, Serbia
and Montenegro, and Kosovo-- in a state of semi-permanent crisis and
with conditions singularly unattractive to private investment (except
for the drug and sex trades, which thrive in Kosovo). [2] On the other
hand, insofar as the ICTY contributed to the real ends sought by
Clinton, Blair, and other major NATO powers, which included helping
NATO celebrate its 50th anniversary in 1999 and showing that NATO
still had a role to play, as a U.S.-dominated organization; destroying
an independent and socialist-inclined Yugoslavia and bringing its
constituent parts into the NATO orbit of influence; and preparing the
ground for further "humanitarian interventions," [3] the ICTY could be
said to be an agent of the dominant Western powers and therefore of
neoliberalism broadly viewed.

In her opening remarks, Del Ponte says that the ICTY is tasked with
"bringing peace, security and justice," but shortly thereafter "peace"
and "security" fade out and she asserts that "our primary objective is
to bring justice." Justice ranks high, she says, because it
"contributes to the reconciliation between peoples who have been torn
apart by the wars of the nineties." Before I explain why this is a
fallacy, especially with justice perceived in the one-sided and highly
politicized fashion of Del Ponte, the ICTY and NATO, it should be
recognized that there may be a conflict between pursuing "justice" and
"peace." It is no coincidence that just as the work of the ICTY has
been associated with chronic instability in the ex-Yugoslavia, so also
its work ran parallel with both outbursts of ferocious local warfare
and closely linked Western wars of intervention in those areas, and
certainly failed to contribute to "peace." In fact, an excellent case
can be made that the ICTY's focus on "justice" was well suited to
avoiding peace, and that its very design was to facilitate war, a
dismantling of Yugoslavia, and a specific attack on Serbia.

This case is made compellingly by Michael Mandel in his How America
Gets Away With Murder: Illegal Wars, Collateral Damage and Crimes
Against Humanity (Pluto Press, 2004), where he points out that the
formation of the ICTY was immediately preceded by a December 1992
speech by the U.S. State Department's Lawrence Eagleberger, who named
three top Serb leaders who needed to be brought to justice, and stated
explicitly that "the international community must begin now to think
about moving beyond the London [peace] agreement and contemplate more
aggressive actions." [4] Even before this, the United States had
sabotaged the promising Lisbon agreement of February 1992 by
encouraging Bosnian Muslim leader Alija Izetbegovic to withdraw and
break the plan that the Bosnian Serbs, Croats, and (previously)
Izetbegovic, had accepted. [5] Following Eagleburger's talk, in
February 1993, as Lord David Owen wrote bitterly, ""We have more or
less got a peace settlement but we have a problem. We can't get the
Muslims on board. And that's largely the fault of the Americans,
because the Muslims won't budge while they think that Washington may
come in on their side," so that in reality "the Clinton people block
it." [6] These crucial facts and informed judgments did not interfere
in the least with the established view that it was Milosevic and the
Bosnian Serbs, seeking a "Greater Serbia," that made peace unattainable.

The role of the ICTY in this peace-sabotage business was to indict
Serb leaders in order to demonize them and make them ineligible for
any peace negotiating process-in Mandel's words, the ICTY function was
to help the Americans "justify their intention to go to warŠby
branding their proposed enemies as Nazis." [7] As presiding judge
Antonio Cassese said at the time regarding Bosnian Serb leader Radovan
Karadzic, "Let us see who will sit down at the negotiating table now
with a man accused of genocide." [8] Later, in the 1998-1999 run-up to
the NATO bombing war on Yugoslavia, the ICTY turned unremitting
attention to denouncing Serbs, and as Mandel points out, its work in
this period "had nothing to do with trying and punishing criminals,
and everything to do with lending crucial credibility to NATO's
cause." [9] During the 78-day NATO bombing war, which began on March
24, 1999, the ICTY served as an aggressive public relations arm of
NATO, most dramatically in indicting Milosevic in May 1999 just as
NATO was drawing criticism for extending its bombing targets to
Serbian civilian facilities. In short, the ICTY, serving as an arm of
NATO, helped prevent peace settlements in the Bosnian conflict in
the deadly years 1992-1994, and helped justify and sustain NATO's 1999
assault on Yugoslavia.

This ICTY service was based on structural facts: the institution was
created by the NATO powers, with the United States in the lead; it was
funded heavily by these powers and closely allied NGOs (Soros's Open
Society Institute); it was staffed with NATO country personnel, often
seconded to the ICTY, and its high officials were vetted by NATO-power
leaders; and it depended on NATO for information and police service.
But this meant that NATO itself would be exempt from "justice," and
that it would be difficult to bring to justice NATO clients, even if
they committed crimes similar to or even worse than those committed by
Serbs. Mandel points out that when he presented the ICTY prosecutor
with a three volume dossier and complaint on NATO war crimes in May
1999, it took a year for the prosecutor to decide to reject this
application, without ever having made a formal investigation, whereas
in the case of the alleged Racak massacre, attributable to the Serbs,
the prosecutor declared this a war crime and rushed into action on the
very same day, based solely on information supplied her by the U.S.
representative in the scene, William Walker. [10] Of the leaders in
the Balkan wars, Clinton, Blair, Izetbegovic and Tudjman have never
been indicted by the ICTY, only Milosevic, although on the logic
applied in the Milosevic prosecution, an equal or better case could be
made for each of the exempted leaders. [11]

This highly politicized justice brought by the ICTY not only served
war rather than peace, it cannot be regarded as justice at all.
Justice that is not even-handed is deeply compromised. And if it is
clearly serving a political end and meeting an external political
agenda it is almost certain to be biased and fail to bring justice
even in dealing with politically eligible targets. If it is
politically corrupt it will do its work corruptly and bend its
supposed judicial process to meeting those same political aims. This
has been evident throughout the ICTY's operations-in the case of the
numerous indictments that met a NATO political or PR need of the
moment (e.g., the indictment of the Serb paramilitary leader Arkan in
March 1999, just as the NATO bombing commenced; Milosevic in May 1999,
just as NATO's bombing of civilian sites was creating a PR problem),
its steady resort to publicity that compromised supposed judicial
proceedings, and with endless illustrations of judicial malpractice in
the ICTY proceedings themselves.

According to Michael Scharf, an ICTY supporter, over 90 percent of the
evidence brought forward in the Milosevic trial was hearsay, [12] all
freely admitted into the record by the judge, although almost none of
it had any connection with proving orders or the sanction of war
crimes by the man on trial (and all of which could be readily
duplicated for Bosnian Muslim and Croat treatment of Serbs or U.S.
bombing attacks on the Serbian civilian infrastructure). It did,
however, set a tone in creating a moral environment of target
demonization that served NATO political aims, even if it compromised
the possibility of a fair trial.

From a steady stream of cases, the absence of judicial equity may be
illustrated by the fact that with William Walker on the stand for the
prosecution, Judge Richard May never interrupted him once as he ranged
far and wide, even covering his view of Milosevic's "general
attitude"; and although the "Racak massacre" claim was the basis of 45
charges of murder against Milosevic, and Walker was a key driver of
that claim, May gave the defendant a fixed time limit for questions
and interrupted his questioning over 60 times in the process of
preventing a serious cross-examination. Athough allowing a stream of
hearsay from prosecution witnesses, Judge May refused to permit
Milosevic to enter into the record articles from Le Monde and Figaro
that raised serious doubts about the Walker version of events at
Racak. [13]

With General Wesley Clark testifying for the prosecution, the judge
allowed the U.S. government to force a closed session and to redact
the testimony before release, he permitted Clark to talk about
anything he pleased, including ten minutes of self-adulation (without
judicial interruption), and he was permitted to phone Bill Clinton to
request a letter of support, contrary to the stated rule that no
outside communication was permitted in the midst of testimony; whereas
Milosevic was not permitted to ask questions challenging Clark's
credibility or anything not directly responsive to Clark's verbal
claims. [14] More recently, during the defense's presentation of its
case, the ICTY judge allowed the prosecution to present a video of an
alleged killing of six Bosnian Muslims back in 1995, although it had
no bearing on the ongoing questioning of the defense witness and was
presented without prior notice to the defense, which was not permitted
to question the video presentation. However, introduction of this
video did serve to dramatize claims about the Srebrenica massacre at a
time when that event was being given tenth anniversary memorial
publicity by the Western establishment.

Del Ponte states authoritatively in her Goldman Sachs talk that 8,000
Bosnian Muslims were slaughtered at Srebrenica in the "only genocide"
in Europe since World War II. The 8,000 figure was given by the Red
Cross back in July 1995 based on crude and unverified estimates of
3,000 captured by the Bosnian Serbs plus 5,000 initially claimed to be
"missing." It was very soon recognized by the Red Cross and other
observers that several thousand of the "missing" had escaped to
Bosnian Muslim lines and to Yugoslavia itself, and that several
thousand more were almost surely killed in fighting. But that 8,000
number withstood not only this needed correction, but also the fact
that fewer than 3,000 bodies were found in the Srebrenica area, [15]
with an unknown but probably large fraction killed in the savage July
1995 fighting or earlier. Belated claims of reburials lack
plausibility, and run into the problem that although Madeleine
Albright warned the Serbs that "We will be watching you," no satellite
photos have ever been displayed publicly showing digging, burying, or
trucks moving bodies. In short, the stable figure of 8,000 rests on a
propaganda need that has sustained a politically convenient
myth-inflation, supported by the combination of NATO officials, the
mainstream media, and the ICTY. [16]

Del Ponte's claim in her Goldman Sachs speech that this was a case of
"genocide" follows a pattern of ICTY findings and conclusion that
don't withstand the slightest scrutiny and even suffer from internal
contradiction. ICTY judges repeatedly stated as an established fact
that 7-8,000 Muslim men had been executed, while simultaneously
acknowledging that the evidence only "suggested" that "a majority" of
the 7-8,000 missing had not been killed in combat, [17] which yields a
number substantially lower than 7-8,000, plus uncertainty. Can you
have "genocide" in one small town? The judges suggested that pushing
the Bosnian Muslim inhabitants out of the Srebrenica area while
killing many males was itself genocide, and they essentially equated
genocide with ethnic cleansing.

The Tribunal dealt with the awkward problem of the genocide-intent
Serbs busing Bosnian Muslim women and children to safety by arguing
that they did this for public relations reasons, but as Michael Mandel
points out, failing to do some criminal act despite your desire--in
this case entirely unproven and resting on an ideological/political
premise of ICTY personnel--is called "not committing the crime." [18]
The Tribunal never asked why the genocidal Serbs failed to surround
the town before its capture to prevent thousands of males from
escaping to safety, or why the Bosnian Muslim soldiers were willing to
leave their women and children as well as many wounded comrades to the
mercies of the Serbs; and they failed to confront the fact that
10,000 mainly Muslim residents of Zvornik sought refugee from the
civil war in Serbia itself, as prosecution witness Borisav Jovic
testified.

It is notable that the ICTY has never called Operation Storm, the
August 1995 Croatian ethnic cleansing of some 250,000 Krajina Serbs,
"genocide," although in that case many women and children were killed
and the ethnic cleansing applied to a larger area and larger victim
population than in Srebrenica. It was also preceded by an earlier
series of Croatian army attacks, first on the Serbian villages of
Medak, Citluk and Divoselo in the UN- protected Krajina region back in
1993, in which a hundred or more unarmed civilians were slaughtered,
and then in the brutal ethnic cleansing trial run for Operation Storm
with "Operation Flash" carried out in Western Slavonia in May 1995
with many hundreds killed. There was no ICTY response to any of these
major death-dealing operations, even though a UN dossier was
submitted to the ICTY that described the 1993 crimes. [19]

The ICTY's extreme bias and politically-based double standard in
treating Srebrenica and Krajina is dramatically evident in Del Ponte's
discussion of the two cases before the Goldman Sachs audience. In the
Srebrenica case, she transmits without question a corrupted
interpretation of the word genocide and an inflated and unproven
number of victims, and mentions no context, such as the fact that
Srebrenica had been the base of Bosnian Muslim commander Naser Oric
who had sallied forth from 1992 into 1995 in Serb massacre and
destruction forays that left well over a thousand dead Serb civilians.

Her treatment of Operation Storm and the Krajina massacre makes an
enlightening contrast and is worth quoting at length:

"Another typical case is Ante Gotovina. This Croatian general was
indicted in 2001 for crimes committed against Serbs in 1995 [Operation
Storm]. Over 100 were killed and a hundred thousand forced to leave
their homes while their houses were looted or destroyed. These crimes
were committed in the course of a military operation, undoubtedly
legitimate as such, aimed at re-taking the part of Croatian territory
which was occupied by Serb forces. The operation was a success, and
Croatians remember it as one of their finest hours. Gotovina was one
of the commanders and, quite naturally, he is revered as a hero. The
mere mention of the war crimes committed in the course of the
operation was taboo for years. . The logic was: only enemy forces
committed war crimes, defenders were innocent by definition. It is
only recently that the government has acknowledged that, yes, crimes
were committed, and those responsible for these crimes, including
Gotovina, must be tried in The Hague."

This is straightforward apologetics for ethnic cleansing, with a
number of omissions and serious misrepresentations of fact. She never
mentions that Krajina had been a UN protected area, like Srebrenica,
brazenly violated by the Croatians in 1993; nor does she mention the
May 1995 Operation Flash assault in which the Croats killed many
hundreds of Serb civilians. She doesn't mention the fact that the UN
continued to urge a negotiated settlement of the Krajina dispute,
ignored by the Croats in the massive attack of August 1995. She says
that these crimes "were committed in the course of a military
operation," but so were the Srebrenica crimes, and in fact Srebrenica
was defended (and abandoned) by a military force relatively stronger
than the Krajina Serbs had maintained. Her statement that the Krajina
operation was "legitimate" because it was "aimed at re-taking the part
of Croatian territory which was occupied by Serb forces" gives this
operation an apologetic context that involves serious lying-this was a
carefully planned campaign, not mainly to remove "Serb
forces"-relatively weak in Krajina and arguably there to defend a
civilian population against Croatian army massacres such as occurred
earlier at Medak and in Operation Flash-but to remove the Serb
civilian population that had lived in that area for centuries. This
was deliberate ethnic cleansing, but Del Ponte cannot admit the fact
in this case. Can you imagine Del Ponte saying that the Serb attack on
Srebrenica was to "remove Bosnian Muslim forces," or that the Serb
operations in Kosovo in 1998 and 1999 were to "remove KLA forces"?
Serb actions are invariably ethnic cleansing, Croatian actions of
comparable or greater anti-civilian scope are merely "military
operations," never ethnic cleansing, in accord with a clear political
agenda.

Further misrepresentations are her statement that "over 100 were
killed," and that "a hundred thousand" were "forced to leave their
homes." Just as she swallowed the inflated 8,000 for Srebrenica, so
here Del Ponte grossly underestimates the toll of the politically
inconvenient victims. The Serb human rights organization Veritas
estimated that 1,205 civilians were killed in Operation Storm; [20]
and their list of victims included 368 women and children--the Croats
didn't bus women and children to safety as did the genocidal Serbs at
Srebrenica. Operation Storm may well have involved the killing of
more Serb civilians than Bosnian Muslim civilians killed in the
Srebrenica massacre: most of the Bosnian Muslim victims were fighters,
not civilians (only one of 1,883 bodies in the graves around
Srebrenica was identified as female). [21]

As to numbers expelled, even conventional studies give a figure of
200,000 or more for those driven out of Krajina. [22] Del Ponte
strives to minimize these numbers because 250,000 civilians ethnically
cleansed is hard to explain away as merely part of a "military
operation" to deal with "Serb forces." In contrast with her usual
dramatizing of Serbian violence, Del Ponte uses gentle language in
describing Croatian actions: the 100,000 were "forced to leave their
homes," not "deported," "driven out," or "ethnically cleansed" as she
and her allies would describe comparable Serb actions. She provides no
details on the impressively ruthless Croatian actions, such as: "UN
troops watched horrified as Croat soldiers dragged the bodies of dead
Serbs along the road outside the UN compound and then pumped them full
of rounds from the AK-47s. They then crushed the bullet-ridden bodies
under the tracks of a tank." [23]

So for De Ponte this massive ethnic cleansing of civilians was
reasonably seen by Croats as "one of their finest hours," because it
was a military success, though some incidental "war crimes" were
committed; whereas she would never suggest that the Bosnian Serb
capture of the better defended Srebrenica was a creditable military
success of which Serbs might properly be proud-any such success was
unmentionable in the face of war crimes, and she berates the Serbs
because one-third allegedly don't believe war crimes were committed at
Srebrenica. She gives an apologetic context to Operation Storm to give
it legitimacy; whereas she never mentions the Srebrenica background
of Bosnian Muslim killings of Serbs that might suggest a vengeance
motive and interfere with the ideological/political premise of pure
unprovoked evil. The double standard, based in good part on
misrepresentation of the facts, is gross.

Del Ponte notes that Croatian General Ante Gotovina was indicted in
2001 for war crimes in Operation Storm, but a number of questions
arise: Why did it take six years after the event for Gotovina to be
indicted, whereas Bosnian Serb General Mladic and President Karadzic
were indicted within days of the Srebrenica massacre and before the
facts of the case could be minimally verified? Why has NATO never sent
military forces into Croatia to capture Gotovina as they have done on
several occasions in Bosnia and Serbia seeking Mladic and Karadzic?
Could this indictment have been connected to the seizure of Milosevic
and the need to give the appearance of balance? Why was Croat
President Tudjman not indicted for these war crimes, in parallel with
Milosevic (who the ICTY has striven mightily and unsuccessfully to
link to the Srebrenica massacre, whereas Tudjman's link to Operation
Storm is clear)? Why were Clinton, Albright and Holbrooke not indicted
for documentable approval and support for Operation Storm? [24]

The answers to these questions, and the key to Del Ponte's double
standard and misrepresentations, clearly rest on the fact that the
massive ethnic cleansing operation by the Croats in Krajina was
carried out with U.S. approval and logistical support, whereas the
Serbs were the targeted U.S. enemy. [25] Thus, just as NATO was exempt
by virtue of the structure, control and purpose of the ICTY, so also
are the leaders of client states, though a few bones like Gotovina may
be thrown (belatedly, and with lackadaisical enforcement) to provide a
not very convincing aura of fairness.

A key theme in Del Ponte's speech was the importance of "justice" for
bringing reconciliation to the area. The guilty must be brought to
trial and punished; the victims and/or their heirs must feel that
justice has been done to their victimizers in order to be reconciled
and ready for peace. This principle is not applied in cases like
Indonesia in East Timor, where a U.S. and British ally engaged in mass
murder; and of course it would never even be thought of where the
United States and its British ally committed aggression and killed
large numbers of civilians, as in Iraq.

It has also not really been applied by the ICTY in its work in the
ex-Yugoslavia, where the ICTY's selective "justice" has shown its true
face as vengeance and a cover for political ends. Ethnic cleansing in
Bosnia was by no means one-sided, and deaths by nationality were not
far off from population proportionality; [26] the Serbs claim and have
documented thousands of deaths at the hands of the Bosnian Muslims and
their imported Mujahedeen cadres, and by the Croatians, and they have
their own group examining and trying to identify bodies at an
estimated 73 mass graves. [27] This victimization has hardly been
noticed by the Western media or ICTY -- the distinguished Yugoslav
forensic expert Dr. Zoran Stankovic observed back in 1996 that "the
fact that his team had previously identified the bodies of 1,000
Bosnian Serbs in the [Srebrenica] region had not interested prosecutor
Richard Goldstone." [28] Instead, there is a steady refrain about the
Serbs tendency to whine, whereas Bosnian Muslim complaints are taken
as those of true victims and are never designated whining. Thus the
question never arises for Del Ponte and her allies (including the
Western media)--if "justice" is required for "reconciliation," what is
to reconcile the victims and heirs of the thousands of Serb victims
of the ethnic cleansing wars, such as the thousand or more killed and
250,000 expelled from Croatian Krajina, if their claims are ignored?
Won't they be even more embittered by a one-sided pursuit of justice?

Apart from this double standard on the need for justice as a means for
producing reconciliation, the claim that ICTY justice will serve that
end is fraudulent anyway. Rather than producing reconciliation the
steady focus on Srebrenica victims and killers has made for more
intense hatred and nationalism on the part of those supposedly
obtaining justice, just as the Kosovo war and its violence exacerbated
hatred and tensions there and showed that Clinton's claimed objective
of a tolerant multi-ethnic Kosovo was a fraud. In Kosovo, this
one-sided propaganda and NATO control has unleashed serious and
unremitting anti-Serb (along with anti-Roma, anti-Turk,
anti-dissident-Albanian) violence, helped along by the willingness of
the NATO authorities to look the other way as their allies -- the
purported victims -- take their revenge and pursue their long-standing
aim of ethnic purification.

In Bosnia, a British foreign office proposal to use the tenth
anniversary commemoration of the Srebrenica massacre for a
"statesmanlike initiative" of public reconciliation among the
different groups reportedly received short shrift from Bosnian
representatives on all sides. [29] David Chandler points out that
"the international community's focus on the war has given succour to
the most reactionary and backward political forces in Bosnia," and
that "those most socially excluded from Bosnian life have been able to
dictate the political agenda and oppose the politics of
reconciliation, because their social weight has been artificially
reinforced by the international dominance over the politics of this
tiny state. Without political, social and economic dependency on
external actors that are legitimized by the idea of Bosnian
victimhood, it is unlikely that the war would have remained so central
in Bosnian life." [30]

In both Bosnia and Serbia, not to mention Kosovo where they are still
under assault after a major bout of ethnic cleansing, the Serbs have
been under steady attack, humiliated, and their leaders and military
personnel punished, while those who stand accused of crimes among the
Bosnian Muslims, Croats, and NATO powers, with minor exceptions suffer
no investigation or penalties and may even be portrayed as dispensers
of justice. The record strongly suggests that the objectives of the
retribution-pushers are not justice and reconciliation - - in addition
to straightforward vengeance, they are to unify and strengthen the
position of the Bosnian Muslims, to crush the Republica Srpska, and
possibly even eliminate it as an independent entity in Bosnia, to keep
Serbia disorganized, weak and dependent on the West, to provide the
basis for the formal removal of Kosovo from Serbia, and to continue to
put the U.S. and NATO attack and dismantlement of Yugoslavia in a
favorable light. The last objective requires diverting attention from
the Clinton/Bosnian Muslim role in giving al Qaeda a foothold in the
Balkans, Izetbegovic's close alliance with Osama bin Laden, his
Islamic Declaration declaring hostility to a multi-ethnic state, the
importation of 4,000 Mujahadeen to fight a holy war in Bosnia, with
active Clinton administration aid, and the KLA-al Qaeda connection. [31]

In sum, the ICTY was created by the NATO powers, not to bring either
peace or justice to Yugoslavia, but to serve the U.S. and NATO aims
there, which called for the dismantlement of Yugoslavia, the crushing
of Serbia, and the conversion of the new mini-states of the
ex-Yugoslavia into NATO-power dependencies. As the Serbs were the main
obstacle to this program, they had to be demonized, their leaders
driven from office and incarcerated, and their people humiliated and
punished. This called for an ICTY focus on "justice" (selective) that
helped demonize and provided the justification for undermining peace
settlements and making war. The ICTY has performed this service
effectively, with the help of a gullible and patriotic Western media
and intellectual class. The trial of Milosevic and continued pursuit
of Mladic and Karadzic are the final efforts of the ICTY: the latter
to justify continued pressure on the Serbs in Bosnia and Serbia and
Montenegro, the former to prove that the NATO wars were based on
justice, and both to put "humanitarian intervention" by the imperial
powers in a good light. Carla Del Ponte and the ICTY have been useful
instruments of these ends.


Notes

1.
http://www.un.org/icty/pressreal/2005/speech/cdp-goldmansachs-050610-e.htm
Address at Goldman Sachs, London," Carla Del Ponte, International
Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, October 6, 2005.


2. Katarina Kratovac, "Five years after Milosevic, Serbs still await a
better life," (A.P.), Philadelphia Inquirer,
Oct. 5, 2005; Ian Traynor, "Nato force 'feeds Kosovo sex trade',"
Guardian, May 7, 2004; ThomasGambill on mafia takeover of Kosovo,
http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2005/9/27/101219.shtml

3. On these objectives, see Diana Johnstone, Fools' Crusade:
Yugoslavia, NATO and Western Delusions (Monthly Review Press: 2002),
Introduction.

4. Quoted in Mandel, How America Gets Away With Murder, p. 125.

5. See Johnstone, p. 45.

6. Quoted in Mandel, p. 67.

7. Quoted in ibid., p. 126.

8. Quoted in Johnstone, p. 95.

9. Quoted in Mandel, p. 132; for compelling details, Mandel, pp. 132-146.

10. Ibid, pp. 80, 135.

11. Only in the case of Serbs has the ICTY adopted the notion of
"command responsibility" extending to the highest officials.

12. Michael Scharf, "Accounting for atrocities conference," Bard
College, Oct. 5-6, 1998:
<http://www.bard.edu/hrp/atrocities/index.htm>www.bard.edu/hrp/atrocities/index.htm;
cited in Kirsten Sellars, The Rise and Rise of Human Rights (Sutton
Publishing: 2002), p. 187.

13. The judge's handling of the Walker testimony and cross-examination
are discussed in detail in Mandel, pp. 168-173..

14. Ibid., pp. 174-5.

15. In his testimony at the Milosevic trial on Jan, 26, 2004, ICTY
investigator Dean Manning testified that 2,570 bodies had been found
in total, with only 70 identified. "Milosevic Trial Transcript," Jan.
26, 2004, pp. 31428-31437.

16. See Edward Herman,
http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=74&ItemID=8244
Politics of the Srebrenica Massacre," ZNet, July 7, 2005.

17. See Mandel, pp. 155-6.

18. Michael Mandel, "The ICTY Calls It 'Genocide'." in Edward Herman
et al., Srebrenica: The Politics of War Crimes, forthcoming.

19. "The UN dossiers, with their voluminous evidence, have been given
to the Crimes Investigators (of the ICTY) on October 6, 1993. Since
then there has been nothing but silence." Cedric Thornberry, "Saving
the War Crimesa Tribunal: Bosnia Herzegovina," Foreign Policy,
September 1996.

20. See "Croatian Serb Exodus Commemorated," Agence France Press, Aug.
4, 2004; Veritas at http://www.veritas.org.yu/>www.veritas.org.yu.

21. These numbers are given in privately circulated tabulation of the
characteristics of these remains by Dr. Zoran Stankovic, a longtime UN
forensic specialist who worked extensively on the Srebrenica case.

22. Burg and Shoup give "several hundred thousands" as their estimate;
Lord David Owen, 150,000.

23. Tim Ripley, Operation Deliberate Force (Center for Defence and
Security Studies: 1999), p. 192.

24. See footnote 11.

25. On that support, see Raymond Bonner, "War Crimes Panel Finds
Croat Troops 'Cleansed' the Serbs," New York Times,
March 21, 1999.

26. See Ewa Tabeau and Jakub Bijak, "Casualties of the 1990s War in
Bosnia-Herzegovina: A Critique of Previous Estimates and the Latest
Results" (Sept. 23, 2004), Demographic Unit, Office of the Prosecutor,
ICTY, Paper Presented at The IUSSP Seminar on the Demography of
Conflict and Violence Jevnaker, Norway, 8 to 11 November 2003.

27. Slavisa Sabljic , "The Trade in Bodies in Bosnia-Herzegovina":
http://www.serbianna.com/press/010.html Joan Phillips, "Victims and
Villains in Bosnia's War," Southern Slav Journal, Spring-Summer 1992.

28. "Relations with Rest Of Former Yugoslavia: Yugoslav forensic
expert says no proof about Srebrenica mass grave," BBC Summary of
World Broadcasts, July 15, 1996.

29. David Chandler,
http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/0000000CAC9B.htm>Srebrenica:
Prolonging the Wounds of War," Spiked Online, July 20, 2005

30. Ibid.

31. See Johnstone, pp. 51-64.


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--- End forwarded message ---

(francais / italiano)


Il "dovere di ingerenza", nuova veste dell'espansionismo

Aprendo la tavola rotonda sull'ingerenza umanitaria alla conferenza
Axis for Peace 2005, il professor Jean Bricmont ha sottolineato che
l'imperativo morale a cui le opinioni pubbliche europee occidentali si
sottomettono non è che un'ingiunzione degli strumenti di
comunicazione, indirizzata a far loro accettare l'espansione
dell'egemonia. Per una comprensione lucida di questi conflitti,
occorre operare un'astrazione dei presupposti morali e ritornare ad
un'analisi politica dei fatti.

di Jean Bricmont
(fonte: www.resistenze.org)

Una delle caratteristiche dei discorsi politici, da destra a sinistra,
è che essi oggi sono interamente dominati da ciò che si potrebbe
chiamare l'imperativo dell'ingerenza. Noi siamo costantemente chiamati
a difendere i diritti di minoranze oppresse in paesi lontani (Cecenia,
Tibet, Kosovo, Kurdistan), a proposito dei quali non conosciamo poi
granché, a protestare contro le violazioni dei diritti umani a Cuba,
in Cina, o nel Sudan, a esigere l'abolizione della pena di morte negli
Stati Uniti, o a denunciare la persecuzione delle donne musulmane. Il
diritto di ingerenza non solo è generalmente ammesso, ma si è spesso
trasformato in "dovere di ingerenza".

Ci viene assicurato che è urgente creare tribunali internazionali, per
giudicare crimini diversi commessi all'interno di Stati-nazione. Si
suppone che il mondo sia diventato un villaggio globale e che nulla di
ciò che vi accade debba lasciarci indifferenti. La saggezza di coloro
che pretendono di "coltivare il proprio giardino" passa per
anacronistico e reazionario. La sinistra eccelle in questo discorso
ancor più della destra, accusata a sua volta di egoismo, e pensa così
di continuare la grande tradizione di internazionalismo del movimento
operaio e della solidarietà ai tempi della guerra di Spagna o delle
lotte anticoloniali. Per altro, la sinistra attuale insiste sul fatto
che in particolare non bisogna "ripetere gli errori del passato",
astenendosi dal denunciare i regimi che si oppongono all'Occidente,
come fecero la sinistra "stalinista" in merito all'Unione Sovietica e
certi intellettuali "terzomondisti" di fronte alla Cambogia dell'epoca
dei Khmer rossi o ad altri regimi usciti dalla decolonizzazione.

In conseguenza di tale situazione, i movimenti pacifisti non sono che
l'ombra di ciò che rappresentarono ad esempio al momento della crisi
dei missili negli anni '80, e il movimento terzomondista è
praticamente scomparso. Non si è manifestata praticamente opposizione
alla guerra alla Jugoslavia nel 1999, che fu la guerra "umanitaria"
per eccellenza, è molto poca opposizione vi è stata al tempo
dell'invasione dell'Afghanistan nel 2001. E' vero che ci sono state
manifestazioni gigantesche, uniche nella storia e portatrici di
speranze, contro la guerra in Iraq. Ma bisogna riconoscere che, con la
proclamazione della vittoria da parte dell'amministrazione Bush, le
opinioni pubbliche, almeno in Occidente, sono state relativamente
mute, sebbene in Iraq continuino combattimenti che non sono certamente
di retroguardia.

Inoltre, Fallujah è stata una Guernica senza Picasso. Una città di
300.000 anime privata dell'acqua, dell'elettricità e dei viveri,
sgombrata dei suoi abitanti che sono stati in seguito parcheggiati in
campi. Poi il bombardamento metodico, la ripresa della città,
quartiere per quartiere. Quando un ospedale è occupato, il New York
Times giustifica l'accaduto dicendo che serviva da centro di
propaganda, per gonfiare le cifre delle vittime. Per l'appunto, quante
sono le vittime della guerra in Iraq? Non se ne sa nulla, non si fanno
body count (per gli Iracheni). Quando delle stime sono pubblicate,
persino dalle più prestigiose riviste scientifiche, come Lancet,
vengono denunciate come esagerate.

Di fronte a quanto accade, quante proteste? Quante manifestazioni
davanti alle ambasciate americane? Quante petizioni per chiedere ai
nostri governi che impongano agli Stati Uniti di fermarsi? Quanti
editoriali nei giornali per denunciare questi crimini? Chi, tra i
partigiani della "società civile" e della non violenza, ricorda che le
sventure di Fallujah sono cominciate quando, poco dopo l'invasione, i
suoi abitanti hanno manifestato pacificamente e gli statunitensi hanno
sparato sulla folla, uccidendo 16 persone? E non c'è solo Fallujah: ci
sono anche, tra altri, Najaf, Al Kaim, Haditha, Samarra, Bakouba, Hit,
Bouhriz. Il tribunale di Bruxelles, un tribunale di opinione che
esamina i crimini statunitensi in Iraq e di cui fa parte l'autore,
riceve frequentemente informazioni su sparizioni e assassini in Iraq.
Ma a chi trasmettere queste informazioni? A chi interessano?

Questa doppia constatazione dell'onnipresenza dell'ideologia
dell'ingerenza da una parte e della debolezza dell'opposizione alle
guerre imperiali dall'altra, ci induce a rivolgere uno sguardo critico
sui pregiudizi che sottendono l'ideologia dell'ingerenza e a sollevare
un certo numero di questioni che sono raramente enunciate e a cui
ancora più raramente viene data una risposta: qual è la natura
dell'agente che supponiamo operi l'ingerenza? Siccome si tratta in
pratica di paesi potenti, quali ragioni abbiamo per credere alla
sincerità dei loro proclami umanitari? Qual è l'effetto nel lungo
periodo delle ingerenze occidentali nel terzo mondo? La visione
tradizionale del diritto internazionale, che proibisce l'ingerenza
unilaterale, è veramente sorpassata? La nostra storia e il nostro modo
di sviluppo ci danno il diritto di dire agli altri paesi cosa devono
fare? Quando si parla di diritti dell'uomo, si pensa anche ai diritti
economici e sociali? Se si, questi diritti sono sempre compatibili con
i diritti politici e individuali? E se non lo sono, come stabilire le
priorità tra differenti tipi di diritti?

Per altro, si può anche porre un certo numero di domande ai movimenti
progressisti, pacifisti o ecologisti. Questi movimenti non prendono
forse troppo velocemente per oro colato le dichiarazioni dei media e
dei dirigenti occidentali? In particolare, i dirigenti del terzo mondo
demonizzati dall'Occidente sono veramente dei nuovi Hitler, nei cui
confronti qualsiasi compromesso equivarrebbe ad una nuova Monaco? La
costruzione europea offre forse una speranza d'alternativa di fronte
all'egemonia statunitense? La politica dell'ingerenza è realmente
internazionalista?

In definitiva, è possibile proporre una pratica politica diversa da
quella dell'ingerenza, fondata su una visione radicalmente differente
dei rapporti Nord-Sud e sulla volontà di rimettere la critica
dell'imperialismo al centro delle nostre preoccupazioni politiche.
Tale pratica potrebbe contribuire alla rinascita di un'opposizione
ferma e senza complessi alle aggressioni americane presenti e future.

Jean Bricmont
Figura del movimento antimperialista, Jean Bricmont è professore di
fisica teorica all'Università di Louvain (Belgio).
Ha appena pubblicato Impérialisme humanitaire. Droits de l'homme,
droit d'ingerence, droit du plus fort? (Editions Aden, 2005)

da "Reseau Voltaire", 23 novembre 2005
http://www.voltairenet.org/article131461.html

Traduzione dal francese a cura del Centro di Cultura e Documentazione
Popolare

--- FRANCAIS ---

http://www.voltairenet.org/article131461.html

Alibi humanitaire

Le « devoir d'ingérence », nouvel habit de l'expansionnisme

par Jean Bricmont*

Ouvrant la table ronde sur l'ingérence humanitaire à la conférence
Axis for Peace 2005, le professeur Jean Bricmont a souligné que
l'impératif moral auquel les opinions publiques ouest-européennes se
soumettent n'est qu'une injonction de communication pour leur faire
accepter l'expansion de l'hégémonie. Pour une compréhension lucide de
ces conflits, il convient de faire abstraction des présupposés moraux
et de revenir à une analyse politique des faits.

23 novembre 2005

Depuis Bruxelles (Belgique)

Toutes les versions de cet article :
Español - http://www.voltairenet.org/article131585.html
русский - http://www.voltairenet.org/article131621.html

Thèmes
Axis for Peace - http://www.voltairenet.org/mot120393.html?lang=fr


Une des caractéristiques du discours politique, de la droite à la
gauche, est qu'il est aujourd'hui entièrement dominé par ce qu'on
pourrait appeler l'impératif d'ingérence. Nous sommes constamment
appelés à défendre les droits des minorités opprimées dans des pays
lointains (Tchétchénie, Tibet, Kosovo, Kurdistan), à propos desquels
il faut bien reconnaître que la plupart d'entre nous ne connaissent
pas grand-chose, à protester contre les violations des droits de
l'homme à Cuba, en Chine ou au Soudan, à exiger l'abolition de la
peine de mort aux États-Unis, ou à dénoncer la persécution des femmes
musulmanes. Le droit d'ingérence humanitaire est non seulement très
généralement admis, mais il est souvent devenu un « devoir d'ingérence ».

On nous assure qu'il est urgent de créer des tribunaux internationaux
pour juger divers crimes commis à l'intérieur d'États-nations. Le
monde est supposé être devenu un village global et rien de ce qui s'y
passe ne doit nous laisser indifférent. La sagesse de ceux qui
prétendent « cultiver leur jardin » passe pour anachronique et
réactionnaire. La gauche excelle dans ce discours encore plus que la
droite, accusée alors d'égoïsme, et pense continuer ainsi la grande
tradition d'internationalisme du mouvement ouvrier et de solidarité
lors de la guerre d'Espagne ou des luttes anticoloniales. Par
ailleurs, la gauche actuelle insiste sur le fait qu'il ne faut surtout
pas « répéter les erreurs du passé » en s'abstenant de dénoncer les
régimes opposés à l'Occident, comme la gauche « stalinienne » l'a fait
dans le temps à propos de l'Union soviétique ou à l'instar de certains
intellectuels « tiers-mondistes », vis-à-vis du Cambodge à l'époque
des Khmers rouges ou d'autres régimes issus de la décolonisation.

Corrélativement à cette situation, les mouvements pacifistes ne sont
que l'ombre de ce qu'ils étaient, par exemple lors de la crise des
missiles dans les années 80, et les mouvements tiers-mondistes ont
pratiquement disparu. Il n'y eut pratiquement pas d'opposition à la
guerre à la Yougoslavie en 1999, qui fut la guerre « humanitaire » par
excellence, et très peu lors de l'invasion de l'Afghanistan en 2001.
Il est vrai qu'il y a eu des manifestations gigantesques, uniques dans
l'histoire et porteuses d'espoirs certains, contre la guerre en Irak.
Mais il faut reconnaître qu'une fois la victoire proclamée par
l'administration Bush, les opinions publiques, en Occident du moins,
sont devenues relativement muettes, alors que continuent en Irak des
combats qui sont loin d'être d'arrière-garde.

De plus, Fallujah a été un Guernica sans Picasso. Une ville de 300 000
âmes privée d'eau, d'électricité et de vivres, vidée de ses habitants
qui sont ensuite parqués dans des camps. Puis le bombardement
méthodique, la reprise de la ville, quartier par quartier. Quand un
hôpital est occupé, le New York Times justifie cela en disant qu'il
servait de centre de propagande, en gonflant le chiffre des victimes.
Justement, combien y a-t-il de victimes de la guerre en Irak ? Nul ne
le sait, on ne fait pas de body count (pour les Irakiens). Quand des
estimations sont publiées, même par les revues scientifiques les plus
réputées, telles le Lancet, elles sont dénoncées comme exagérées.

Face à cela, combien de protestations ? Combien de manifestations
devant les ambassades américaines ? Combien de pétitions pour appeler
nos gouvernements à exiger des États-Unis qu'ils arrêtent ? Combien
d'éditoriaux dans les journaux qui dénoncent ces crimes ? Qui, parmi
les partisans de la « société civile » et de la non-violence, rappelle
que les malheurs de Fallujah ont commencé lorsque, peu après
l'invasion, ses habitants ont manifesté pacifiquement et que les
États-uniens ont tiré dans la foule, tuant 16 personnes ? Il n'y a pas
que Fallujah ; il y a aussi, entre autres, Najaf, Al Kaïm, Haditha,
Samarra, Bakouba, Hit, Bouhriz. Le BRussels tribunal, un tribunal
d'opinion qui examine les crimes états-uniens en Irak et dont fait
partie l'auteur, reçoit fréquemment des informations sur des
disparitions et des assassinats en Irak. Mais à qui transmettre ces
informations ? Qui s'intéresse à cela ?

Cette double constation, l'omniprésence de l'idéologie de l'ingérence
d'une part et la faiblesse de l'opposition aux guerres impériales
d'autre part, nous amène à jeter un regard critique sur les préjugés
qui sous-tendent l'idéologie de l'ingérence et à soulever un certain
nombre de questions qui sont rarement énoncées et auxquelles il est
encore plus rarement répondu : quelle est la nature de l'agent qui est
supposer s'ingérer ? Comme il s'agit en pratique des pays puissants,
quelles raisons a-t-on de croire à la sincérité de leurs proclamations
humanitaires ? Quel est l'effet sur le long terme des ingérences
occidentales dans le tiers monde ? La vision traditionnelle du droit
international, qui interdit l'ingérence unilatérale, est-elle vraiment
dépassée ? Notre histoire et notre mode de développement nous
donnent-t-ils le droit de dire aux autres pays ce qu'ils doivent
faire ? Lorsque l'on parle de droits de l'homme, pense-t-on aussi aux
droits économiques et sociaux ? Si oui, ces droits sont-il toujours
compatibles avec les droits politiques et individuels ? Et s'ils ne le
sont pas, comment établir des priorités entre différents types de droits ?

Par ailleurs, on peut également poser un certain nombre de questions
aux mouvements progressistes, pacifistes ou écologistes. Ces
mouvements ne prennent-ils pas trop vite pour argent comptant les
déclarations des médias et des dirigeants occidentaux ? En
particulier, les dirigeants du tiers monde démonisés par l'Occident
sont-ils vraiment de nouveaux Hitler, face auxquels toute
compromission équivaudrait à un nouveau Munich ? La construction
européenne offre-t-elle un espoir d'alternative face à l'hégémonie
états-unienne ? La politique d'ingérence est-elle réellement
internationaliste ?

Finalement, on peut proposer une autre démarche politique que celle de
l'ingérence, fondée sur une vision radicalement différente des
rapports Nord-Sud et sur une volonté de remettre la critique de
l'impérialisme au centre de nos préoccupations politiques. Cette
démarche peut contribuer à la renaissance d'une opposition ferme et
sans complexe aux agressions américaines présentes et futures.

Jean Bricmont

Figure du mouvement anti-impérialiste, Jean Bricmont est professeur de
physique théorique à l'Université de Louvain (Belgique). Il vient de
publier Impérialisme humanitaire. Droits de l'homme, droit
d'ingérence, droit du plus fort ? (Éditions Aden, 2005) [
http://www.rezolibre.com/librairie/detail.php?article=98 ].

[PHOTO: Conférence Axis for Peace 2005, table ronde sur l'ingérence
humanitaire
Nedal Al-Khodari, Jean Bricmont, Diana Johnstone et François Houtard]

[ Attraverso "operazioni psicologiche" (PsyOps) gli eserciti
occidentali impegnati nella occupazione militare della
Bosnia-Erzegovina orientano oggi la gestione politica/coloniale del
protettorato in modo analogo a come, durante la guerra fratricida, i
servizi segreti della NATO orientavano le sorti del conflitto usando
la guerra psicologica (vedi Srebrenica, Markale, eccetera). Unità di
propaganda dell'esercito tedesco, quali la "Truppe für Operative
Information" (OpInfo, Mayen/Bundesland Rheinland-Pfalz) sono
particolarmente attive in questo senso, ed i loro responsabili non
fanno mistero dei metodi adottati per indurre "gli slavi" a sposare
"valori, principi europei", secondo le parole esplicite di Christian
Schwarz-Schilling, il nuovo "Alto Rappresentante" (che succede a Paddy
Ashdown). Si tratta in particolare del controllo o della creazione ex
novo di mass media quali giornali, riviste (ad es. "Mirko") o stazioni
radio (ad es. "Radio Mir").
Queste pratiche rimandano all'esperienza acquisita da analoghe
strutture della Wehrmacht nazista nel corso della II Guerra Mondiale,
particolarmente esperte nel fomentare conflitti "inter-etnici". Oggi,
comunque, su questi "principi europei", che sottendono concezioni
geopolitiche precise, tra le potenze occupatrici esistono idee molto
diverse, per cui le PsyOps tedesche stanno già mettendo in crisi ad
esempio i rapporti con la Gran Bretagna... (a cura di IS) ]

http://www.german-foreign-policy.com/de/fulltext/56164

Rechtzeitig ordnen

16.12.2005

SARAJEWO/MAYEN (Eigener Bericht) - Psycho-Operationen einer
Propaganda-Einheit der Bundeswehr in Bosnien-Herzegowina führen zu
Einflusskämpfen zwischen den europäischen Besatzungsmächten. Die
ausländischen Truppen unterhalten Spezialabteilungen für offene
("weiße") und versteckte ("schwarze") Nachrichtengebung. Ziel ist die
Stabilisierung des Besatzungsregimes, das jetzt unter die Kontrolle
eines ehemaligen deutschen Ministers gestellt worden ist - Christian
Schwarz-Schilling. Der Medienprofi war Vorstandsmitglied mehrerer
fragwürdiger Wirtschaftsunternehmen und will "die Slawen"
(Schwarz-Schilling) "europäischen Prinzipien" unterwerfen. Zu diesen
Prinzipien scheint die Teilung der unter Schwarz-Schilling zu
vergebenden Pfründe zu gehören: Die britische Armee verlangt den
Rückzug deutscher Soldaten aus Vorzugsstellungen bei
Psycho-Operationen gegen die bosnische Bevölkerung - geopolitische
Perspektiven stehen auf dem Spiel. Die Auseinandersetzung bedroht
militärisch gesteuerte Medienprojekte, die zu den erfolgreichsten
Medien in Bosnien-Herzegowina gehören.

Positive Stimmung

Im Zentrum der Auseinandersetzungen zwischen den
EUFOR-Besatzungsmächten steht der "Psychological Operations Branch"
(PsyOps), der psychologische Maßnahmen steuert. Den PsyOps-Kampagnen
wird große Bedeutung für die Aufrechterhaltung des Besatzungszustands
in Bosnien-Herzegowina zugeschrieben. Wie die Bundeswehr mitteilt,
gehört es zu den PsyOps-Kampagnenzielen, eine "positive (...) Stimmung
in der Bevölkerung" gegenüber den Besatzungsarmeen zu schaffen. Auch
deren "Aktionen" im Land benötigten "Unterstützung" durch militärische
Propagandamaßnahmen [1], um aufkeimenden Widerstand früh zu erkennen
und bekämpfen zu können.

Früherkennung

Die PsyOps-Einheit in Bosnien-Herzegowina gilt als außerordentlich
erfolgreich und verfügt u.a. über eigene Printmedien sowie über die
Rundfunkstation "Radio Mir". Sie gehört zu den bekanntesten Sendern
des Landes. Rückgekoppelt werden die PsyOps-Medien mit der
PsyOps-"Zielgruppenanalyse", die sich auf Ausforschungen der
bosnischen Bevölkerung durch zivil gekleidete Besatzungssoldaten
stützt. "Die Ergebnisse haben Einfluss auf (PsyOps-, d. Red.)
Kampagnen, und wir erkennen mögliche Probleme im Land früher", erklärt
ein deutscher Soldat aus der PsyOps-Analyseabteilung.[2]
Teilerkenntnisse der Militärs werden auch der EU-Polizeimission zur
Verfügung gestellt.

Kampagnenführung

Im "Psychological Operations Branch" verfügen Bundeswehrsoldaten der
"Truppe für Operative Information" (OpInfo, Mayen/Bundesland
Rheinland-Pfalz) bislang über starken Einfluss. So ist ein deutscher
Militär Chefredakteur des PsyOps-Paradeproduktes, des Jugendmagazins
"Mirko", das mit einer monatlichen Auflage von 160.000 Exemplaren das
auflagenstärkste Magazin in Bosnien-Herzegowina ist. Die Zeitschrift
sei fast allen Jugendlichen in Bosnien-Herzegowina bekannt, 75 Prozent
von ihnen sind "nach Umfrageergebnissen sehr zufrieden mit 'Mirko'",
heißt es bei der Bundeswehr.[3] Wie eine Analyse der
PsyOps-Aktivitäten offenlegt, diente jede einzelne Ausgabe des Heftes
dazu, "ausgewählte PsyOps-Kampagnenziele zu unterstützen". Das Magazin
sei "ein ausgezeichnetes Mittel, um einen Dialog zwischen taktischen
PsyOps-Teams und der erwachsenen bosnischen Bevölkerung in Gang zu
setzen - durch die Interessen ihrer Kinder".[4]

PSK

Die deutschen Psy-War-Qualitäten sind international anerkannt, seitdem
die NS-Wehrmacht ihre Propaganda-Kompanien (PK) im Zweiten Weltkrieg
technisch und wissenschaftlich aufrüstete.[5] Die subversive
Infiltration mit Medien jeder Art wurde dem Widerstand im okkupierten
Europa in vielen Fällen zum Verhängnis.[6] Insbesondere gelang es den
NS-Psycho-Einheiten, ethnische Konflikte anzuheizen, ausländische
Arbeitskräfte mit falschen Versprechungen anzuwerben oder gegnerische
Soldaten zum Überlaufen zu bewegen. Einen separaten Zweig der
PK-Arbeit widmete Berlin seiner antisemitischen Hasspropaganda, die
Hunderttausende mit dem Leben bezahlten. Bereits wenige Jahre nach
Kriegsende stellten die überlebenden PK-Spezialisten ihr Wissen den
neuen Psycho-Einheiten der Bundeswehr zur Verfügung. Prominente
Antisemiten des Reichssicherheitshauptamts, die auch zur Ermordung
sowjetischer Offiziere aufgerufen hatten, arbeiteten nun der
"Psychologischen Kriegführung" (PSK) im Nachkriegsdeutschland zu.
Damals wie heute sind die entsprechenden Psy-War-Zentralen im Gebiet
um Mayen (Rheinland-Pfalz) untergebracht.

Besatzer-Rivalitäten

Die ständig verfeinerte Psycho-Arbeit der Bundeswehr, in deren Folge
es auch zu Bespitzelungen im eigenen Lande kam, rangiert seit dem
NATO-Krieg gegen Jugoslawien in der Spitzengruppe des Bündnisses. Um
die PsyOps-Erfolge auch nach einem möglichen Truppenabzug langfristig
zu sichern, war vorgesehen, den militärischen Medienapparat in
vorgeblich zivile Trägerschaft zu überführen. Dabei ist es zu
Auseinandersetzungen unter den Anteilseignern gekommen. Großbritannien
verlangt stärkeren Einfluss und droht mit einem Patt: Sollten die
Deutschen zu keinem Kompromiss bereit sein, werden die
Medien-Maßnahmen ("Einwirkung auf die Bevölkerung") von London
blockiert und damit auch für Berlin ohne den erhofften Ertrag bleiben.[7]

Insolvenz

Vor dem Hintergrund der Auseinandersetzungen zwischen Berlin und
London wird Christian Schwarz-Schilling neuer "Hoher Repräsentant" des
Protektorats. Der ehemalige deutsche Minister für Post und
Telekommunikation bekleidete nach seiner Pensionierung mehrere
Aufsichtsratsämter in Firmen, die ihm Vergütungen in Höhe von mehreren
Hunderttausend Euro zahlten und später Insolvenz anmeldeten (Aubis,
Gigabell).[8] Die Affäre um die Firma Gigabell werfe auf den
Aufsichtsrat "kein gutes Licht", urteilt die deutsche Fachpresse.
Vorsitzender des Gigabell-Aufsichtsrats war Christian
Schwarz-Schilling.[9]

Genau die Zeit

Herr Schwarz-Schilling ist der politischen Ansicht, dass "auf dem
Balkan" "die Slawen" leben und "auf engstem Raum" auf "türkische
Abkömmlinge, ungarische Abkömmlinge usw." treffen. "Das ist ein
brodelnder Kessel, wenn er nicht geordnet wird", meint der neue
EU-Repräsentant und empfiehlt, "dort wirklich europäische Werte,
europäische Prinzipien einzubringen." Sollte "der Balkan" seine
"Lebensperspektive" nicht annehmen ("absolute Notwendigkeit"), werde
die Region zu einer "Durchgangszone für Schmuggel, Mafia, militärische
Banden usw., wie wir das ja teilweise in Südamerika beobachten können.
Dies wird geschehen, wenn wir das alles nicht rechtzeitig ordnen.
Jetzt genau ist die Zeit dafür. Sie muss genutzt werden."[10]


[1] Medien für Bosnien-Herzegowina;
www.streitkraeftebasis.de/C1256C290043532F/
FrameDocName/r_medien_fuer_bosnien_herzegowina. S. auch Aufklärung [
http://www.german-foreign-policy.com/de/fulltext/50814?PHPSESSID=g580amv9sa90mnt93p0jjrf6f7
]
[2] "PsyOps" wendet sich mit Botschaften an die einheimische
Bevölkerung; www.deutschesheer.de/redaktionen/heer/internet/
Contentbase2.nsf/docname/DECF603BDA064A1BC1256E67002FB889
[3] Medien für Bosnien-Herzegowina;
www.streitkraeftebasis.de/C1256C290043532F/
FrameDocName/r_medien_fuer_bosnien_herzegowina
[4] PSYOP C2W Information Operations in Bosnia;
www.iwar.org.uk/psyops/resources/bosnia/psyopc2w.htm. "Face to Face
Kommunikation erfolgt landesweit durch eine Vielzahl von EUFOR
Verteilertrupps und hat sich außerordentlich bewährt für die Gewinnung
von Informationen oder bei der Durchführung von Befragung. Als
Einstieg in die Kontaktaufnahme mit der Bevölkerung dienen den
Soldaten erfolgreiche Magazine wie die MIRKO, die in vier Sprachen für
die Kinder des Landes produziert wird." Europa steht für Frieden;
www.operative-information.de/einsatz/eufor.html
[5] Ortwin Buchbender: Das tönende Erz. Deutsche Propaganda gegen die
Rote Armee im Zweiten Weltkrieg, Stuttgart 1978
[6] Ortwin Buchbender et al.: Geheimsender gegen Frankreich. Die
Täuschungsoperation "Radio Humanité"
[7] Radiokrieg auf dem Balkan; Die Welt 07.12.2005
[8] Mysteriöser Tod eines Kronzeugen; Das Parlament 29.11.2004
[9] Schlamperei beim insolventen Provider Gigabell; heise news 21.09.2000
[10] Christian Schwarz-Schilling im Gespräch; BR alpha 22.11.2005

s. auch Deutsche Ausstattung für Grenzschutz in Bosnien-Herzegowina [
http://www.german-foreign-policy.com/de/fulltext/25052?PHPSESSID=g580amv9sa90mnt93p0jjrf6f7
] und "Wie im Protektorat" [
http://www.german-foreign-policy.com/de/fulltext/37644?PHPSESSID=g580amv9sa90mnt93p0jjrf6f7
] sowie Kriegsrendite [
http://www.german-foreign-policy.com/de/fulltext/55508?PHPSESSID=g580amv9sa90mnt93p0jjrf6f7
]

Inizio del messaggio inoltrato:

> Da: "sandi 191"
> Data: Lun 12 dic 2005 10:41:52 Europe/Rome
> Oggetto: comunicato stampa e inviti
>
> Allego un comunicato stampa sule udienze del 13 e 16 dicembre contro
> Promemoria con invito
> Cordiali saluti
> per Promemoria
> Sandi Volk
>

Promemoria
Associazione per la difesa dei valori dell´antifascismo e
dell´antinazismo
Drustvo za zascito vrednot protifasizma in protinacizma

e-mail: promemoriats @...

Trieste, 12.12.2005

Comunicato stampa e invito - con preghiera di pubblicazione


Settimana densa di appuntamenti in tribunale per Promemoria!
Martedì 13 dicembre 2005 alle ore 9 si terà dinnanzi al GUP di Trieste
l'udienza sulla richiesta di archiviazione presentata dal GIP di
Trieste riguardo la denuncia ai sensi dell'art. 595 c.p.
(diffamazione) contro l'ass. Promemoria nella persona del suo
presidente Alessandro Volk, presentata dalla sig. Maria Renata
Sequenzia in qualità di nipote di Alessandro Voltolina, podestà di
Lussinpiccolo, prelevato intorno (?) al 20 aprile 1945 da »partigiani
titini« e successivamente scomparso. La tesi della denunciante è che
l'ass. Promemoria nella sua attività contraria all'intitolazione
prevista per il monumento di piazza Goldoni abbia diffamato
indistintamente »tutte le persone che furono prelevate dalle forze
partigiane comuniste italo slave agli ordini di Tito e che ... non
fecero più ritorno a casa« e perciò anche sua zio, peraltro mai
nominato in alcun scritto della nostra associazione.
Venerdì 16 dicembre alle ore 12 ci sarà invece davanti al GUP
l'udienza in merito alla richiesta di archiviazione della denuncia
presentata contro Promemoria dalla sig. Rossanna D'Este in Zago per lo
stesso reato nei confronti del suo defunto padre Antonio D'Este.
L'ass. Promemoria aveva citato in un suo scritto un certo Antonio
D'Este come »squadrista e federale di Gorizia«, e la denunciante, pur
affermando che suo padre non è mai stato federale di Gorizia ,
identifica in suo padre l'Antonio D'Este da noi citato. Un caso
interessante, perché di Antonio D'Este all'epoca a Trieste ce n'erano
diversi (ma il padre della denunciante era di Capodistria), uno dei
quali segretario dei GUF triestini nel 1937, ma nessuno federale di
Gorizia. E uno di questi Antonio D'Este, definito dal figlio »un pezzo
grosso fascista, segretario dei GUF (gruppi universitari fascisti),
federale di Gorizia e non so cos'altro«, ha vissuto a Trieste fino al
1958 ed è morto a Torino nel 1972. Un interessante caso di omonimie,
di confusione e fraintendimenti.
Entrambe le denuncianti hanno come consulente storico il sig. Giorgio
Rustia e sono rappresentate dai legali Augusto Sinagra e Filippo
Fornaroli. Entrambe sostengono con argomentazioni quantomeno ardite la
tesi degli intenti diffamatori di Promemoria, giungendo a mettere
sullo stesso piano persone definite da un tribunale triestino
dell'epoca del GMA come »agente delle SS«, con partigiani combattenti
del CLN caduti e decorati di croce al Valore Militare, riproponendo
quella equiparazione offensiva per i caduti della Resistenza che
avrebbe il suo più »alto« esempio nell'intitolazione prevista per il
monumento di piazza Goldoni contro la quale si batte la nostra
associazione.
Per tutto questo crediamo che il dibattimento si annunci molto
interessante e invitiamo pertanto i rappresentanti della stampa e di
tutti i media a presenziare alle udienze che potrebbe anche riservare
qualche sorpresa.

Cordiali saluti
Per Promemoria
Il presidente
Alessandro Volk

Per contatti: 3495015941

--- Fine messaggio inoltrato ---

(english / italiano)

Dopo anni di uso ed abuso dell'islamismo armato - Al Qaeda inclusa -
in Kosovo, Bosnia e FYROM, i servizi segreti dei paesi NATO fingono di
scoprirne oggi l'esistenza:

---

http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=56331

Sofia News Agency
December 9, 2005

Italian Intelligence Warns against Al Qaeda Cells in Albania


The Italian Intelligence and Security Services (SISDE)
is warning against the strong influence of Islamic
terrorists in Albania, BTA news agency reported.

Its concerns were voiced in a report prepared by SISDE
for the Italian parliament and cited by the Greek
"Ethnos" newspaper.

The report claims that a new Islamic organization
called "Jihad al Jadid", a cell of Al Qaeda, which is
linked to Greece, has recently appeared in Albania.

---

Fonte: NEWSLETTER di MISTERI D'ITALIA
Anno 6 - Numero 106
12 dicembre 2005
http://www.misteriditalia.com
http://www.misteriditalia.it
Direttore: Sandro Provvisionato


TERRORISMO INTERNAZIONALE:
PER IL SISDE E' CRESCENTE
LA PENETRAZIONE DEL RADICALISMO ISLAMICO IN ALBANIA

La minaccia fondamentalista si radica sull'altra sponda
dell'Adriatico, a due passi dall'Italia. E' il SISDE, il servizio
segreto civile, a sottolineare la "crescente penetrazione del
radicalismo islamico" in Albania, dove "nell'ultimo decennio si sono
progressivamente insediate numerose organizzazioni non governative,
finanziate dai Paesi arabi, con lo scopo di assistere le locali
popolazioni di fede musulmana. Alcune di queste fondazioni,
ufficialmente impegnate in attività umanitarie (assistenza sanitaria,
istruzione) sono sospettate di utilizzare le proprie strutture per
fornire supporto logistico a formazioni integraliste islamiche".

Nel nord del Paese ed in Kosovo - dove nel 1999 la NATO ha condotto
una guerra anti serba, allenandosi di fatto con l'UCK, una delle
massime espressioni del traffico internazionale della droga -
"sarebbero stati rilevati campi di addestramento, ove verrebbero
indottrinati integralisti islamici albanesi, libici, turchi ed
algerini". In questo quadro, è considerato "di rilievo"
dall'intelligence italiana la recente costituzione "di un nuovo gruppo
integralista islamico denominato Al Jihad Al Djadid, verosimilmente
collegato ad Al Qaeda, composto, prevalentemente, da cittadini di
etnia yemenita, afghana, marocchina, giordana, azera e malese".

Il sodalizio, "che avrebbe ramificazioni anche in Grecia", potrebbe
aver "instaurato rapporti di collaborazione con organizzazioni
criminali, anche al fine di utilizzare le rotte già sperimentate nel
traffico di clandestini per il trasferimento dei militanti".

In Italia, "nel circuito di centri di culto islamici in rapida
crescita sul nostro territorio" (dai 127 del 1996 ai 563 del 2004), il
SISDE rileva "come elemento di novità il progressivo inserimento di
cittadini kosovari, macedoni ed albanesi, in alcuni casi in posizione
qualificata".

La "pervasiva opera delle Ong", che punta per il SISDE a "incidere in
modo strategico" nelle aree sociali dell'educazione e della cultura,
"sembra orientata a creare rapidamente le condizioni migliori per una
maggiore adesione all'Islam più osservante, peraltro ponendo quali
catalizzatori religiosi quelli più integralisti".

Fenomeno, questo, che si evince "anche dal superamento della
leadership moderata nei centri nodali albanesi a favore di gruppi
allineati alle posizioni arabe aggressive", oltre che "dal tentativo
di strutturare partiti confessionali che però trova un rigido ostacolo
nell'attuale divieto istituzionale".

Per il servizio segreto civile sono due i "principali fattori di
rischio" derivanti dall'analisi della situazione albanese: sotto il
profilo della criminalità organizzata, "il network albanese può
supplire a momentanee defaillances delle mafie nazionali, assicurando
la continuità transnazionale degli affari illeciti (di cui l'Italia
non è più epicentro, sebbene costituisca una parte rilevante)".

Dal punto di vista della possibile minaccia terroristica,
"l'islamizzazione indotta in Albania, che si attesta su profili più
aggressivi ed integralisti (finanziamento delle Ong saudite,
schiacciante competitività sulle altre religioni nei settori
dell'istruzione e dell'economia, leadership dei salafiti ai danni dei
sufi) potrebbe trasferire nel prossimo futuro in Italia interessi più
marcatamente fondamentalisti".

Per quanto riguarda l'attività illecita dei clan nel Paese delle
Aquile, "lo scenario albanese è caratterizzato da differenziati piani
criminali che nel loro complesso esprimono una delle più elevate
capacità criminogene a livello internazionale".

Coesistono infatti, "in rapporto di stretto mutualismo",
organizzazioni mafiose, bande criminali ed altre aggregazioni occasionali.

"Nonostante l'immagine agiografica di una criminalità rurale, violenta
e primitiva offerta da alcuni osservatori la devianza albanese appare
invece evoluta, efficiente ed efficace tanto da acquisire ruoli
primari nelle strategie globali del crimine".

In particolare, nel business criminale della droga "gli albanesi hanno
dimostrato una particolare versatilità, riuscendo in un decennio ad
acquisire una elevata competitività sia nel traffico sia nella
gestione dei relativi mercati". I clan albanesi "controllano i flussi
di eroina della Turchia ed alimentano i fiorenti mercati dell'Europa
centrale e meridionale", oltre a gestire "in molti Paesi europei (tra
cui soprattutto l'Italia, l'Olanda, la Germania, l'Austria, la Francia
e la Spagna) il traffico e lo spaccio locale di eroina, spesso
occupandosi anche di cocaina sia autonomamente, sia per conto delle
organizzazioni autoctone".

I clan albanesi hanno poi "un'ampia disponibilità di armi che
trafficano verso l'Europa occidentale ed anche in Italia. Ciò deriva -
spiega il SISDE - dal prelievo di materiale bellico dai depositi
militari effettuato negli anni '90, dal collegamento con analoghe
strutture balcaniche e dalla vulnerabilità degli attuali sistemi di
controllo albanesi".

La situazione albanese, "ancor oggi caratterizzata da una profonda
instabilità politica e socio-economica, nonostante i tentativi
istituzionali di affermare un'immagine innovata ed aderente agli
standard di democrazia moderna, ha purtroppo favorito - prosegue il
SISDE - l'evoluzione del crimine organizzato e la migrazione pervasiva
di strutture ed interessi di tipo mafioso in tutto l'Occidente".

"La posizione strategica dell'Albania all'interno dei flussi illegali
balcanici, nell'ambito dello scenario sud-balcanico fortemente
destabilizzato dalla cruenta dissoluzione della Jugoslavia e dalla
rivendicazione delle frammentate matrici etniche non completamente
risolte e foriere di tensioni tuttora innescate ha reso il Paese
crocevia dei traffici transnazionali, conferendo ai più strutturati
gruppi albanesi inedite funzioni nodali".

A quanto risulta da "convergenti acquisizioni informative", il
riciclaggio da parte delle organizzazioni criminali albanesi degli
"enormi profitti derivanti principalmente dal traffico di droga, dallo
sfruttamento della prostituzione e dalla tratta di esseri umani"
riguarda "sempre più speculazioni edilizie e turistico-alberghiere in
Albania".

In definitiva, per l'intelligence italiana "la criminalità albanese
costituisce una minaccia prioritaria per l'Italia", anche se "molti
osservatori sul campo rilevano una presenza meno strategica e più
pervasivamente tattica degli attori albanesi in Italia".

La conclusione del SISDE solleva un argomento di riflessione
indirizzato a chi, con molto semplicismo, mira a trasformare il
Kosovo, oggi ancora provincia serba sotto protettorato internazionale,
in uno Stato autonomo. L'Albania e il Kosovo – scrive infatti il SISDE
- assumono "uno stigma di enclave criminogeno extracomunitario che
potrebbe concentrare sempre più i vettori illeciti diretti
differentemente sui confini nazionali europei. Ciò comporterebbe
l'elevazione del livello macro-criminale albanese attraverso
qualificate saldature con le lobbies mafiose internazionali, tra cui
quelle italiane".

Fonte: Adnkronos

TERRORISMO INTERNAZIONALE:
IN BOSNIA E KOSOVO
FOCOLAIO INTEGRALISMO ISLAMICO

Una conferma dell'analisi del SISDE viene da Washington. Gli esperti
di Le Cercle, l'esclusivo club della ultradestra conservatrice
internazionale, ritengono che sia nei Balcani, specie in Bosnia e nel
Kosovo, che si annidi il rischio d'un focolaio di terrorismo
integralista islamico europeo.

Fra gli intervenuti alla riunione c'erano il rappresentante degli
Stati Uniti alle Nazioni Unite, l'ambasciatore John Bolton, l'ex
vice-direttore e brevemente direttore ad interim della Cia, John E.
McLaughlin, esponenti, oltre che delle forze politiche e delle
correnti culturali conservatrici occidentali, di Russia e Mondo arabo.

(english / italiano)

SOLIDARIETÀ AI COMUNISTI DI BOEMIA E MORAVIA

Il Coordinamento Nazionale per la Jugoslavia (Italia) si unisce alle
voci di protesta che si stanno levando in tutta Europa contro la
campagna di criminalizzazione dei comunisti in atto nella Repubblica Ceca.

The National Coordination for Yugoslavia (Italy) joins the protest
which is rising all over Europe against the campaign which has been
started in the Czech Republic to criminalize the communists.

---------

Nella Repubblica Ceca è in atto una feroce campagna anticomunista:

1) si equiparano i crimini del nazismo ed i "crimini del comunismo",
perseguendo penalmente chi li nega;
2) è in atto una fortissima campagna contro il Partito Comunista di
Boemia e Moravia KSCM (uno dei più forti dell'arco parlamentare);
3) il Governo della Rep. Ceca, con delle motivazioni evidentemente
falsate, cercherà dimettere fuori legge la Gioventù Comunista Ceca -
KSM - a partire dal 31/12/2005.

I giovani compagni del KSM stanno facendo circolare un appello in cui
chiedono di reagire a livello internazionale contro questo tentativo
di criminalizzare il movimento comunista nella Repubblica Ceca, di
esprimere solidarietà al KSM e di mandare le proteste contro questo
attacco che non ha precedenti al governo della Repubblica Ceca.

Per il coordinamento delle iniziative a sostegno del KSM si può fare
riferimento su Yassir - leskimo1917 @ yahoo.it - dei Giovani Comunisti
/ area Essere Comunisti del PRC. Si stanno valutando le seguenti
iniziative:
1) lanciare una campagna di raccolta firme, chiedendo l'adesione
di: istituzionali, giuristi, intellettuali, ... contro l'ipotesi di
messa al bando del KSM.
2) Organizzare una serie di iniziative (volantinaggi, conferenze
stampa, ... ) davanti alle sedi della Rep. Ceca in Italia (ambasciata,
consolati, uffici ... ) che trovate sul link internet contenuto
nell'appello (riportato qui sotto).
3) se possibile, promuovere un sit-in di protesta, davanti
l'ambasciata a Roma.


==============================================

*KSM** (**Czech** **Republic**),** Request For Solidarity *

*-------------------------------------------------***

*From:* *Communist Union of Youth, (KSM), **Friday**, 09 December 2005***

http://www.ksm.cz , mailto:international@...

===

*Dear comrades,*

We are writing to inform you of the latest attack of state power – the
Home Office of the Czech Republic – against the Communist Union of
Youth (Komunisticky svaz mladeze, KSM) - a member organization of the
World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY) - and against the
communist movement in general in the Czech Republic.

The Ministry of Interior has sent a warning and precept, in which it:

*1. *impugns the status of the KSM as a civic association under
pretext that the goals of KSM´s activity interfere with an area
restricted to activities of political parties that is, according to
the interpretation of the Home Office of the Czech Republic, excluded
from the intervention of civic associations. Nevertheless the KSM does
not differ in this area from the field of action of other youth
political organizations in the Czech Republic like Young
Conservatives, Young Social Democrats, Young Christian Democrats, etc.
Thus it is obvious that this attack against the KSM is politically
motivated. It is an obvious attempt to restrain our freedom of
association.

*2. *tries to coerce the KSM into renouncing its political program,
communist identity, goals, and theoretical basis in Marx, Engels and
Lenin, that is Marxism as a whole.

On this ground the Home Office of the Czech Republic threatens to make
the KSM illegal by December 31, 2005. If that happened it would
without any doubt set a precedent whereby the same argument could be
used against other civic associations. But the Home Office of the
Czech Republic also aims to attack the parliamentary Communist Party
of Bohemia and Moravia (Komunisticka strana Cecha a Moravy, KSCM).

This attack against the KSM is just the climax of a long-run
anticommunist campaign that has increased in intensity this year.
Among its manifestations was for example a petition titled "Let´s
abolish the communists," an endeavour of senators Mejstrik and Stetina
to pass a law that would criminalize communist ideas, movement and the
word "communist" as such. This bill simultaneously put communism and
its ideas on one level with fascism and its crimes. (This text has
been already passed in the Senate of the Parliament of the Czech
Republic and now it shall be discussed in the House of Deputies of the
Parliament of the Czech Republic.) Also a so-called humanitarian
organization People in Need – Czech Republic has been involved in this
anticommunist campaign. This organization has begun to organize a
strongly anticommunist campaign within the public education system in
elementary schools and secondary schools. In recent days the House of
Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic has also passed a new
Penal Code according which it is a criminal act to approve of and/or
deny Nazi and so-called communist crimes.

It is necessary to emphasize that the attack against the KSM is an
attack against the whole communist movement in the Czech Republic, and
therefore also against the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia,
which the state power has not so far dared to attack directly; it does
so indirectly by attacking the Communist Union of Youth. The closeness
between the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, which is today one
of the strongest parliamentary political parties in the Czech Republic
and one of the strongest communist parties in Europe, and the
Communist Union of Youth has been shown also with the attendance of
the president of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia Vojtech
Filip at the recent Seventh Congress of the KSM, when he expressed his
wish that the ideas of the KSM find a rousing response throughout the
young people and that "people who have passed through the ranks of the
KSM provide new blood for the KSCM."

Dear comrades, friends,

We believe that it is necessary to stand up internationally against
this attempt to criminalize the communist movement in the Czech
Republic. We ask you therefore to express your solidarity with the KSM
and to send protests against this unprecedented move of the Home
Office of the Czech Republic to the following address:

Ministerstvo vnitra
oddeleni volebni a sdruzovani,
namesti Hrdinu 3,
140 21 Praha 4
Czech Republic

Fax: ++420 974 816 872
e-mail: stiznosti@...
benesova@...
krivova@...

You may also send your protest to the missions of the Czech Republic
abroad. Their addresses are on the following internet page:

http://www.mzv.cz/wwwo/mzv/default.asp?ido=7904&idj=2&amb=1&ikony=False&trid=2&prsl=False&pocc1

We ask you simultaneously to send copies of your protests on our
e-mail: international @ ksm.cz
or on fax: ++420 222 897 426.

Thank you for your solidarity.

Milan Krajca, President of the KSM
Radim Gonda, Vice-President of the KSM
Zdenek Stefek, Vice-President of the KSM
Ludvik Sulda, Vice-President of the KSM
Veronika Sykorova, Vice-President of the KSM

*End*

subscribe/unsubscribe mailto:info@...,

http://www.solidnet.org


==========================

TRADUZIONE:


Cari compagni,

Vi scriviamo per informarvi dell'ultimo attacco del potere dello Stato
- il governo della Repubblica Ceca - contro l'Unione Comunista della
Gioventù (Komunisticky svaz mladeze, KSM) e contro il movimento
comunista in generale nella Repubblica Ceca.

Il Ministro degli Interni ha inviato una nota e un decreto nel quale:

1. impugna lo status del KSM di associazione civica, col pretesto
che la finalità delle attività del KSM vanno ad interferire con un
ristretto campo d'intervento dei partiti politici che è escluso,
secondo l'interpretazione del governo, dall'ambito di azione delle
associazioni civili. Inoltre il KSM non differisce in questo ambito
dal campo di azione di altre organizzazioni politiche giovanili nella
Repubblica Ceca come i Giovani Conservatori, i Giovani
Socialdemocratici, i Giovani Cristiano- democratici, ecc. Pertanto è
ovvio che questo attacco contro il KSM è motivato politicamente. E' un
evidente tentativo di restringere la nostra libertà di associazione.

2. cerca di costringere il KSM a rinunciare al suo programma
politico, alla sua identità comunista, ai suoi obiettivi, e alle sue
basi teoriche su Marx, Engels e Lenin, cioè al marxismo in generale.

Su questa base il governo della Repubblica Ceca cercherà di rendere
illegale il KSM dal 31 Dicembre 2005. Se ciò accadrà si costituirà
senz'altro un precedente che potrà essere usato contro tutte le altre
associazioni civiche. Ma il governo della Repubblica Ceca ha anche lo
scopo di attaccare il Partito comunista parlamentare di Boemia e
Moravia (Komunisticka strana Cecha a Moravy, KSCM).

Questo attacco contro il KSM è solo il punto culminante di una
campagna anticomunista di lunga lena che è cresciuta di intensità
quest'anno. Tra queste iniziative c'era per esempio una petizione
intitolata "Aboliamo i comunisti", un'idea dei senatori Mejstrik e
Stetina per far passare una legge che avrebbe criminalizzato le idee
comuniste, il movimento e la parola "comunista". Questo provvedimento
avrebbe messo sullo stesso piano il comunismo e le sue idee, al
fascismo ed i suoi crimini (Questo testo di legge è già passato al
Senato e ora dovrà essere discusso alla camera dei deputati).

Anche una cosiddetta organizzazione umanitaria People in Need-Czech
Republic è stata coinvolta in questa campagna anti-comunista. Questa
organizzazione ha portato avanti una forte campagna anti-comunista
nella scuola pubblica elementare e superiore. Negli ultimi giorni i
deputati hanno approvato un nuovo codice penale in base al quale è un
crimine approvare e/o negare sia i crimini del fascismo, che i
cosiddetti crimini comunisti.

E' necessario mettere in evidenza che l'attacco contro il KSM è un
attacco contro l'intero movimento comunista nella Repubblica Ceca e in
fondo anche contro il Partito Comunista di Boemia e Moravia, che il
potere dello Stato non è poi così lontano dall'attaccare direttamente;
la sua strategia è quella di attaccarlo indirettamente attaccando
l'Unione Comunista della Gioventù. La vicinanza del partito comunista
di Boemia e Moravia, che è oggi uno dei più forti partiti politici
parlamentari nella Repubblica Ceca e uno dei più forti partiti
comunisti in Europa, con l'Unione Comunista della Gioventù è stata
dimostrata anche con la presenza del presidente del Partito Comunista
di Boemia e Moravia Vojtech Filip al recente Settimo Congresso del
KSM, quando egli ha espresso il suo desiderio che le idee del KSM
trovino un consenso tra i giovani e che "le persone che hanno militato
tra le file del KSM portino nuova linfa al KSCM."


Cari compagni, amici,

Crediamo che sia necessario reagire a livello internazionale contro
questo tentativo di criminalizzare il movimento comunista nella
Repubblica Ceca. Vi chiediamo perciò di esprimere la vostra
solidarietà con il KSM e di mandare le proteste contro questo attacco
che non ha precedenti al seguente indirizzo del governo della
Repubblica Ceca:


Ministerstvo vnitra
oddeleni volebni a sdruzovani,
namesti Hrdinu 3,
140 21 Praha 4
Czech Republic


Fax: ++420 974 816 872
e-mail: stiznosti@...
benesova@...
krivova@...


Potete anche mandare la vostra protesta alle sedi della Repubblica
Ceca all'estero. I loro indirizzi si trovano alla seguente pagina web:

http://www.mzv.cz/wwwo/mzv/default.asp?ido=7904&idj=2&amb=1&ikony=False&trid=2&prsl=False&pocc1


Vi chiediamo di mandare simultaneamente le copie delle vostre proteste
alla nostra e-mail: international @ ksm.cz oppure al fax: ++420 222
897 426.


Grazie per la vostra solidarietà.


==========================================


----- Original Message -----
From: Marco Sferini
To: rome@...
Sent: Monday, December 12, 2005 1:23 PM
Subject: all'Ambasciata della Rep. Ceca in Italia

Alla gentile attenzione del Signor Ambasciatore della Repubblica Ceca
in Italia
- propria sede in Roma -


Egregio Signor Ambasciatore,

desidero formulare, da libero cittadino della Repubblica Italiana, le
mie più profonde preoccupazioni per le misure adottate dal Suo Governo
contro il movimento KSM (la gioventù comunista del Suo Paese) e,
generale, contro tutti i cittadini della Repubblica Ceca che si
professano di ideologia marxista e che sono o meno militanti di una
forza di sinistra.
Mi permetta, signor Ambasciatore, di farLe rispettosamente osservare
come in nessun Paese dell'Unione Europea i comunisti - che tanto hanno
contribuito alla lotta di liberazione dal nazifascismo - siano oggetto
di misure come quelle che il Suo Governo sta per approntare contro il KSM.
Poichè le attività del KSM sono - sul piano delle intenzioni e delle
azioni - equipollenti a quelle delle altre organizzazioni giovanili
degli altri soggetti politici del Suo Paese, ne dovremmo conseguire
che anche queste associazioni - a detta delle disposizioni del Suo
Governo - vanno perseguite: ci riferimo a movimenti di ispirazione
cristiana, socialdemocratica, ambientalista.
Voglia Signor Ambasciatore farsi portavoce di questa nostra protesta
presso il Suo Governo, al fine di far sì che la Repubblica Ceca non
crei delle difformità così evidenti con il resto dei princìpi di
rispetto delle idee e della libertà di tutti i cittadini dell'Unione
Europea, per la salvaguardia dei diritti di tutti.

Con osservanza.

Marco Sferini
Savona (Italia)

West Ready To Loot Serbia's Mineral-Rich Kosovo Province

1. "Mining Opportunities May Abound in the New Kosovo"
2. 15 Companies Put Up for Sale in Kosovo


--- In yugoslaviainfo @yahoogroups.com, Rick Rozoff wrote:

http://www.resourceinvestor.com/pebble.asp?relid=14927


Resource Investor
November 24, 2005


Mining Opportunities May Abound in the New Kosovo
By Stephen Clayson


-The resources include bauxite, lead-zinc, nickel
laterites, and a highly significant proportion of
Europe's lignite coal deposits.
-The mineral assets intended for privatisation in
Kosovo have been deemed socially owned and are held by
in trusteeship by UNMIK, thus giving it authority to
privatise them.
-Whatever settlement is reached...foreign troops are
likely to remain in the province to maintain order for
some time afterwards.


LONDON - The uncertain political status of the
Serbian province of Kosovo has left a variety of
possibly interesting mineral assets in a state of
suspension. Now however, the powers that be in Kosovo
are organising the sale of these assets, and
concurrently offering assurances on the long-term
political stability of the province.

Following the NATO lead occupation of Kosovo in 1999,
the province was established as a UN protectorate
whilst technically remaining part of Serbia. Although
no long term political settlement has yet been
established between Serbia, Kosovo and the UN, the
interim UN administration, the UN Mission in Kosovo
(UNMIK), feels that a sound enough political basis has
been established for province's war ravaged economy to
return to some sort of normality.

Part of the way in which UNMIK intends to engineer
this is by privatising some of the province's mineral
resources, which are fairly extensive and range in
stages of development from the pure green field to the
developed but requiring restoration. The resources
include bauxite, lead-zinc, nickel laterites, and a
highly significant proportion of Europe's lignite coal
deposits. The latter might provide an opportunity for
the construction of an associated power station with a
ready market for its output.

The privatisation of mineral assets has already begun;
last week saw a deal signed between UNMIK and a
company called International Mineral Resources for the
purchase by the latter of Ferronikeli, a complex in
Kosovo of nickel mining, processing and smelting
facilities. International Mineral Resources is a
subsidiary of Eurasian Mineral Resources, a sizable
private mining and metals firm. The Ferronikeli assets
are expected to be sold for 30.5 million euros, which
given the strength of today's nickel market could
prove a bargain if they can be expeditiously and
economically returned to production by their new
owners.

The mineral assets intended for privatisation in
Kosovo have been deemed socially owned and are held by
in trusteeship by UNMIK, thus giving it authority to
privatise them.

Privatisations may be special or regular, the
difference being that special assets may have
conditions or obligations attached to their sale.
According to Dr Joachim Ruecker, Deputy Special
Representative of the Secretary-General United Nations
in Kosovo, some mining assets are likely to be classed
as special privatisations.

However, the conditions imposed by UNMIK are not
intended to be too onerous, and may be limited to
stipulations such as undertaking a certain amount of
mineral processing work within Kosovo or employing a
certain number of local staff.

A key issue for those considering the purchase of
assets being privatised in Kosovo has to be future
security of title. On this issue Ruecker offers the
assurances of UNMIK that there are likely to be few
instances of ongoing title disputes, and that even if
this were to be the case, physical restitution to
plaintiffs would not be a legal option.

A further pivotal question for investors will be that
of when an ostensibly permanent political settlement
can be reached, both to resolve Kosovo's international
status and the ethnic tensions within the province.

This will probably be in large part determined by the
UN Security Council, and could happen as early as
2007. Whatever settlement is reached however, foreign
troops are likely to remain in the province to
maintain order for some time afterwards.

Kosovo has a number of points somewhat in its favour
as a new mining location. It is located on the edge of
Europe - entail logistical benefits for exports and
imports.

The official currency of the province is and is likely
to remain the euro, lessening the currency risk to any
operation.

Labour costs in the province are low, being estimated
on average at around 200 euros per month, while levels
of education remain fairly high and labour relations
are reportedly generally cordial. Most crucially,
Kosovo's new economy is being conceived as free market
in its orientation.

Kosovo's physical infrastructure undoubtedly requires
repair and improvement, but this is being undertaken
by the administration, and standards in any case
remain higher than in many comparable extra-European
mining locations.

Access to sea cargo facilities in neighbouring Albania
and Montenegro is practicable, and a railway running
south from Kosovo to Thessaloníki in Greece could
feasibly be employed if the necessary line
improvements can be made within the province.

In the final analysis, although political risks remain
somewhat high in the longer term for mining investors
in Kosovo, the acquisition of assets in the province
now might represent good value when global market
conditions and local economic and geological factors
are taken into account.

--- End forwarded message ---


From: Rick Rozoff
Date: Wed Nov 30, 2005 11:39 pm
Subject: Kosovo: West Sells Off Another Group Of Serbian
Socially-Owned Enterprises

http://www.forbes.com/business/commerce/feeds/ap/2005/11/30/ap2360959.html


Associated Press
November 30, 2005


15 Companies Put Up for Sale in Kosovo


Kosovo's sunflower oil producer, a brick maker, a pipe
factory and two hotels were among 15 state firms put
up for sale Wednesday in hopes of boosting the economy
in the disputed province.

The Kosovo Trust Agency launched the 11th round of
privatization in an effort to sell the companies,
which were once owned by their workers and managers
under a system set up during communist-era Yugoslavia.


The privatization agency, which has advertised the
companies on its Web site, is hoping 16 new firms will
be created when the sales are completed.

Privatization is among the most sensitive issues in
Kosovo, which was placed under U.N. administration in
1999 following NATO air strikes that ended a Serb
crackdown on independence-seeking ethnic Albanians.

The process of privatization in Kosovo is complex in
part because it is unclear whether Kosovo will become
independent or remain part of Serbia-Montenegro, the
successor state of Yugoslavia. Serbia's authorities
have fiercely opposed the privatizations.

The Kosovo Trust Agency, the U.N. entity responsible
for privatizing the enterprises and putting them on
solid legal footing, wants private entrepreneurs to
assume the risk of modernizing the industries.

The companies are considered inefficient and
dilapidated after years of neglect.

Da: "icdsm-italia\@libero\.it"
Data: Gio 8 dic 2005 11:51:46 Europe/Rome
Oggetto: [icdsm-italia] Athens Meeting Statement: Freedom To Slobodan
Milosevic


(italiano / english)

*Incontro di Atene, 18- 20 novembre 2005, Dichiarazione: **Libertà per
Slobodan Milosevic***

*-------------------------------------------------***

*Da: SolidNet, **Wednesday, 07 dicembre 2005***

==================================================

*Dichiarazione: Libertà per Slobodan Milosevic*

Slobodan Milosevic è perseguito dal tribunale dell'Aia perché ha
difeso il suo paese e la sua gente, perché non ha tradito la
Jugoslavia, perché non si è sottomesso all'ideologia aggressiva
globalista americana.

È perseguitato perché la NATO vuole dissimulare i propri crimini e
mostrare al mondo ciò che succederà a quelli che rifiuteranno di
sottomettersi ai suoi ordini.

Egli è il solo capo di Stato che sotto una pressione enorme abbia
resistito alla forza bruta ed alla aggressione della NATO. Non sta
difendendo se stesso. Sta difendendo l'indipendenza della Jugoslavia e
del suo popolo.

Chiediamo:

1. La libertà per Slobodan Milosevic

2. Sciogliere l'illegale ed inquisitorio tribunale dell'Aia.

3. Perseguire i dirigenti dei 19 Stati che hanno partecipato
all'aggressione contro la Jugoslavia.

PARTITI

1. Partito comunista di Australia

2. Tribuna democratica Progressiva, Bahrein

3. Partito dei lavoratori del Belgio

4. Partito comunista del Brasile

5. Nuovo Partito Comunista di Gran Bretagna

6. Partito Comunista bulgaro «Georgi Dimitrov"

7. Partito comunista di Bulgaria

8. Partito comunista in Danimarca

9. Partito comunista di Egitto

10. Partito comunista di Macedonia

11. Partito Comunista unificato di Georgia

12. Partito comunista di Grecia

13. Partito dei Lavoratori di Ungheria

14. Partito comunista dell'India (marxista)

15. Partito dei Lavoratori di Irlanda

16. Partito comunista di Lussemburgo

17. Partito comunista di Malta

18. Partito dei Comunisti del Messico

19. Partito popolare Socialista del Messico

20. Nuovo Partito Comunista di Olanda

21. Partito comunista di Norvegia

22. Partito comunista di Polonia

23. Partito Comunista portoghese

24. Partito Comunista rumeno

25. Partito di Alleanza socialista, Romania

26. Partito comunista della Federazione russa

27. Partito comunista dei Lavoratori di Russia - Partito dei
Comunisti di Russia

28. Nuovo Partito Comunista di Jugoslavia

29. Partito comunista di Svezia

30. Partito comunista del Tadjikistan

31. Partito comunista di Ucraina



#####################

*Athens Meeting 18- 20 November 2005, Statement: **Freedom To Slobodan
Milosevic***

*-------------------------------------------------***

*From: SolidNet, **Wednesday, December 07, 2005***

==================================================

*Statement: Freedom To Slobodan Milosevic*

Slobodan Milosevic is prosecuted by the Hague tribunal because he
defended his country and his people, because he did not betray
Yugoslavia, because he did not submit to the US aggressive globalism.

He is being persecuted because NATO wants to conceal their crimes and
to show to the world what will happen to those who will refuse to
submit to their orders.

He is the only head of state who under the enormous pressure was
resisting the rude force and NATO aggression. He is not defending
himself. He is defending the independence of Yugoslavia and of its people.

We demand:

1. Freedom to Slobodan Milosevic

2. Disband the Inquisition-like, illegal the Hague tribunal.

3. Prosecute the leaders of 19 States that participated in the
aggression against Yugoslavia.

PARTIES

1. Communist Party of Australia

2. Democratic Progressive Tribune, Bahrain

3. Workers Party of Belgium

4. Communist Party of Brazil

5. New Communist Party of Britain

6. Bulgarian Communist Party «Georgi Dimitrov"

7. Communist Party of Bulgaria

8. Communist Party in Denmark

9. Communist Party of Egypt

10. Communist Party of Macedonia

11. Unified Communist Party of Georgia

12. Communist Party of Greece

13. Hungarian Worker' Party

14. Communist Party of India (Marxist)

15. The Worker's Party of Ireland

16. Communist Party of Luxembourg

17. Communist Party of Malta

18. Party of the Communists of Mexico

19. Popular Socialist Party of Mexico

20. New Communist Party of Netherlands

21. Communist Party of Norway

22. Communist Party of Poland

23. Portuguese Communist Party

24. Romanian Communist Party

25. Socialist Alliance Party, Romania

26. Communist Party of Russian Federation

27. Communist Workers Party of Russia - Party of the Communists of Russia

28. New Communist Party of Yugoslavia

29. Communist Party of Sweden

30. Communist Party of Tadjikistan

31. Communist Party of Ukraine

*End*

SOURCE: http://www.solidnet.org


==========================

IN DIFESA DELLA JUGOSLAVIA
Il j'accuse di Slobodan Milosevic
di fronte al "Tribunale ad hoc" dell'Aia"
(Ed. Zambon 2005, 10 euro)

Tutte le informazioni sul libro, appena uscito, alle pagine:
http://www.pasti.org/autodif.html
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/icdsm-italia/message/204

==========================
ICDSM - Sezione Italiana
c/o GAMADI, Via L. Da Vinci 27 -- 00043 Ciampino (Roma)
tel/fax +39-06-4828957 -- email: icdsm-italia @ libero.it
http://www.pasti.org/linkmilo.html
*** Conto Corrente Postale numero 86557006, intestato ad
Adolfo Amoroso, ROMA, causale: DIFESA MILOSEVIC ***
LE TRASCRIZIONI "UFFICIALI" DEL "PROCESSO" SI TROVANO AI SITI:
http://www.un.org/icty/transe54/transe54.htm (IN ENGLISH)
http://www.un.org/icty/transf54/transf54.htm (EN FRANCAIS)

[ Il testo originale dell'articolo di Miodrag Lekic "Balcani, vuoto a
perdere", apparso su Il Manifesto del 28 Ottobre 2005, può essere
letto alla URL:
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/crj-mailinglist/message/4605 ]

Autres commentaires sur le 10.eme anniversarie de Dayton á lire sur le
site de Reseau Voltaire:

Yougoslavie : commémorations et mémoire courte
http://www.voltairenet.org/article131669.html

----

http://www.legrandsoir.info/article.php3?id_article=2847

Balkans, vide à perdre, par Miodrag Lekic - il manifesto.

Imprimer cet article

5 novembre 2005


il manifesto , 28 octobre 2005.


Alors qu'on attend encore la réponse des historiens à la question de
savoir si la Yougoslavie est morte de mort naturelle, si elle a été
assassinée, si elle s'est suicidée ou si d'autres l'ont « suicidée »,
sa longue désintégration et agonie célèbre en 2005 ses anniversaires.

Dans la géopolitique des anniversaires on se souvient de fait cette
année des débuts de deux « protectorats » : celui, désormais décennal,
de la Bosnie-Herzégovine et les six ans du protectorat sur le Kosovo.
Il est probablement inutile, à ce stade, de se demander si l'Europe
n'aurait pas mieux fait, dans son propre intérêt, de chercher à sauver
cet élément de stabilisation et d'intégration entre les peuples que
représentait la Yougoslavie, au lieu de se retrouver face à une série
de nouveaux Etats sur une base ethnique, quelques fois pseudos Etats
ou protectorats, comme fruit sanglant du « printemps des peuples
ex-yougoslaves ».

En novembre, il y a dix ans, les accords de Dayton mettaient fin aux
combats en Bosnie, après des années d'engagements sanglants, qui, à un
moment, avaient pris le caractère de bellum omnium contra omnes .
Caractéristique d'un accord diplomatique, avec éléments d'un traité
international et de ce fait tout à fait atypique, on prétendit imposer
aussi un modèle de système constitutionnel. C'est ainsi qu'est née une
machinerie politico bureaucratique complexe qui compte quatre
présidents, trois premiers ministres, trois parlements, plus de cent
ministres, deux armées et 14 niveaux de gouvernement. Même si certains
résultats positifs ont été atteints, surtout en ce qui concerne les
réfugiés (environ 50% ont pu s'établir), l'appareil d'état se présente
comme éléphantesque, très onéreux et souvent inefficace. En outre,
selon presque tous les analystes politiques, il est indéniable que,
aujourd'hui encore, la Bosnie accueille trois populations en grande
partie ethniquement divisées entre elles et la pacification est,
aujourd'hui encore, garantie par la présence d'un contingent de
troupes, actuellement celles de l'Ue.


Un Haut protecteur, non élu

Dans le cadre du développement démocratique du pays - institution
building - on a prévu la figure du Haut représentant de la communauté
internationale (non élu), qui peut licencier des politiciens locaux
(élus), suspendre ou casser des lois approuvées par les Parlements
(élus) et imposer des décrets avec valeur de loi.

Le décennal pourrait être une occasion de faire le point de la
situation et voir si ce ne serait peut-être pas l'occasion de
proposer de nouvelles solutions équilibrées et ne créant de dommages à
aucun groupe ethnique. Il serait peut-être profitable de relire les
propositions formulées par la communauté internationale avant Dayton -
le plan Cutillero et le plan Owen -Stoltenberg, initiatives
européennes dans les deux cas, refusées dans des circonstances non
encore totalement éclaircies. Selon Lord Owen, dans son livre Odyssée
balkanique , les américains auraient saboté son plan pour déplacer le
siège des négociations dans la base militaire de Dayton, afin de
s'attribuer -à des fins électorales- le mérite d'avoir arrêté la guerre.

Ala différence de la Bosnie, qui a des institutions sui generis qui
cohabitent avec de forts éléments de protectorat, le Kosovo, à plus de
six ans de la fin de la guerre (juin 99), continue à vivre sous un
protectorat international classique (Unmik/Kfor).

Lors de ces derniers mois, ont été avancées différentes propositions
pour une solution définitive. Après des années où l'on s'est retranché
derrière la formule « d'abord standard, ensuite status » qui a
garanti le pire status quo dans la région, qui vit dans une sorte d'
« obscurité médiatique », se profilent aujourd'hui les premiers signes
d'un intérêt international renouvelé. Le 24 octobre, les Nations
Unies, après la discussion au Conseil de Sécurité, ont décidé d'ouvrir
formellement les négociations pour définir le status de la province.

Avant d'entrer sur le fond des solutions possibles, prenons la peine à
ce stade de récapituler brièvement comment on en est arrivé à la
situation actuelle.

La guerre, que les stratèges de l'OTAN, à la fin du mois de mars 1999,
avaient prévue de brève durée (3,4 jours) s'est terminée après 78
jours de bombardements intenses et la signature à Kumanovo d'un accord
entre forces militaires yougoslaves et Alliance atlantique. Au Kosovo,
le retrait de l'armée de Belgrade s'est accompagné de l'entrée
simultanée des forces de l'OTAN et des milices de l'UCK.

Il est indubitable que, si l'on ne pouvait pas parler de « nettoyage
ethnique » des albanais avant le début de la guerre, la campagne
aérienne a déchaîné des représailles des serbes contre les albanais,
qui ne peuvent naturellement pas être justifiées par la brutalité des
bombardements eux même (qui ont touché des infrastructures civiles :
hôpitaux, écoles, aqueducs, ponts, centrales électriques, etc., ont
causé la mort de femmes et d'enfants, en faisant usage d'armes
interdites par de nombreuses Conventions internationales...).

Après la « libération » du Kosovo, a commencé un « nettoyage
ethnique » dans l'autre sens : 90% de la population non albanaise a
été obligée de quitter le Kosovo et n'a pas pu encore y retourner, en
dépit de toutes les promesses et garanties de la « communauté
internationale » ; en outre, les lieux saints de la région ont été
détruits (jusqu'à présent 150 églises et monastères orthodoxes). Il
s'agit de témoignages médiévaux du Christianisme serbe, patrimoine de
l'Humanité selon l'Unesco, au demeurant.

De nombreux observateurs s'accordent à reconnaître que la situation
économique et des droits humains est actuellement à bien des égards
pire que ce qu'elle a été il y a six ans. (Sur ce thème, voir
l'article du général Fabio Mini, qui a été longtemps Commandant OTAN
au Kosovo, « Kosovo roadmap » , Limes, 2004/2).


Un truquage, les accords de Kumanavo ?

La définition du status final ne pourra pas ne pas tenir compte du
document qui a conclu la guerre de 1999 : la résolution 1244 du
Conseil de Sécurité de l'ONU du 10 juin, dont font partie intégrante
les accords technico militaires de Kumanovo. Dans les documents sont
confirmées explicitement « une souveraineté et une intégrité
territoriale de la République Fédérale de Yougoslavie » et « une
autonomie substantielle du Kosovo ». Les conclusions du G8, le 6 mai
1999, comme l'accord stipulé grâce à la médiation de Ahtisaari et
Chernomyrdin, et accepté par l'Assemblée nationale serbe le 3 juin,
prévoient également l'intégrité territoriale de la Yougoslavie. La
guerre n'aurait pas pu se terminer le 10 juin sans cette
reconnaissance de l'intégrité du pays. Reconnaître maintenant
l'indépendance du Kosovo serait comme admettre qu'on est arrivé à une
« victoire » de la plus grande puissance militaire de l'histoire
contre un petit pays grâce à un truquage diplomatique habile.

Mais comment trouver une solution en partant d'un document qui
attribue de jure la souveraineté sur le Kosovo à la Yougoslavie (et à
la Serbie), pendant que de facto il a transformé la région en
protectorat militaire de l'OTAN et sous administration de
l'UNMIK-Nato ? Toute solution crédible, du point de vue de la légalité
internationale, doit se fonder sur la résolution Onu et ne peut
résulter que du dialogue direct entre Pristina et Belgrade, fut-il
médiatisé par une présence internationale super partes . Maintenant
qu'il y a en Serbie, au gouvernement, des politiciens considérés comme
pro occidentaux, et qui défendent de façon égale les principes
démocratiques et les intérêts nationaux, on peut espérer qu'il se
trouve en face des leaders kosovars qui partagent les mêmes valeurs.
Belgrade a simultanément la responsabilité de proposer un modèle
d'intégration démocratique pour les albanais en Serbie et de se poser
comme facteur de stabilité régionale. Comme les politiciens serbes se
prononcent pour une solution qui envisage « plus que l'autonomie et
moins que l'indépendance » peut-être vaudrait-il la peine de reprendre
les recherches sur le modèle du Haut Adige, que Rugova a entre-temps
abandonné, peut-être aussi parce que soumis à de fortes pressions
internes. Et la « communauté internationale » pourrait leur expliquer
que la comparaison avec les habitants du Haut-Adige ne serait pas une
offense. Mais la condition sine qua non pour la réussite des
négociations, sont le retour de plus de 200.000 réfugiés et la
reprise de la vie civile, dans ses formes les plus élémentaires pour
tous les non albanais. Si la « communauté internationale » n'est pas
en mesure, en dépit de sa forte présence, civile et militaire, de
garantir une vie « normale » aux serbes et autres autres groupes
ethniques, comment peut-on penser que ceux-ci pourront rentrer au
Kosovo et y jouir des droits humains, une fois que la Kfor et l'Unmik
auront quitté la région ? Il devrait être clair que si le Kosovo, pour
la première fois dans l'histoire, aura atteint son indépendance, pour
la première fois tout autant, cette région sera « ethniquement propre ».

En des termes réalistes le procès de définition du status devra
nécessairement tenir compte de trois éléments de la politique
internationale : les intérêts nationaux des parties en présence, les
rapports de force et les règles. Mais, concrètement, il reste beaucoup
d'inconnues : qui, par exemple, aura l'initiative d'un point de vue
international ? Les Etats-Unis, l'Union Européenne ou l'ONU ? Ou, pour
une fois, y aura-t-il une véritable tractation directe entre les
parties, sans solution imposée de l'extérieur ?


Le lobby de l'indépendance par nettoyage ethnique

Pendant que, en même temps que le lancement du processus, demeurent
les ambiguïtés des facteurs internationaux, on assiste désormais de
façon évidente, en cette année 2005, à un puissant engagement de
groupes informels, à fortes connotations lobbystico-médiatiques, en
faveur de l'indépendance du Kosovo.

Le 25 janvier de cette année l'International crisis group , auquel
appartiennent, entre autres, Zbigniew Brzezinsky, Marti Ahtasaari, le
général Wesley Clark, Georges Soros et Emma Bonino, a présenté un
document qui prévoit l'indépendance du Kosovo. Un autre groupe,
l'International commission on the Balkans , présidée par l' onorevole
Giuliano Amato, et financée par quatre Fondations privées, est arrivé
en avril, à une proposition analogue d'indépendance, à rejoindre
toutefois en quatre phases. Il convient de souligner que, à l'occasion
de la présentation à la Farnesina du plan Amato (26 avril 2005), les
responsables du Ministère et le ministre même, l' on , Gianfranco
Fini, ont fait preuve d'une extrême prudence.

On reconnaîtra à l' on . Amato le mérite d'avoir fourni un panorama
réaliste, et impitoyable, de la situation actuelle des Balkans, et
surtout de la Bosnie et du Kosovo. En outre sa proposition
d'intégration de toute la région dans l'Ue, dans des délais
relativement brefs, est certes convaincante. Mais, dans ce cas, il
s'agit de passer de la proposition aux faits, et pour cela il est
nécessaire d'avoir une vision claire de l'Europe de l'avenir.

Elle est certes très belle cette image de l' on . Amato, d'après qui
l'année 2014, où l'on va commémorer le centenaire de l'attentat de
Sarajevo et de la folie de la première guerre mondiale, devrait voir
l'entrée de tous les pays des Balkans finalement en paix, dans l'Ue,
et voir s'ouvrir une phase de concorde et de prospérité, sorte de
belle époque retrouvée.

Mais quelques fois, dans les Balkans, l'histoire, dans ses composantes
internes et externes, revient sur le lieu du crime, tel Raskolnikov,
le héros de Dostoïevski. Tous les acteurs de la tragédie sont encore
en place, espérons que le crime ne s'accomplisse pas.

Miodrag Lekic


Miodrag Lekic, ex ambassadeur yougoslave en Italie, 1996-1999 et
2001-2003, actuellement professeur contractuel à la LUISS et à
l'université de Rome « La Sapienza ».

Source : il manifesto www.ilmanifesto.it

Traduit de l'italien par Marie-Ange Patrizio


On lira aussi sur ce thème l'ouvrage de la journaliste américaine
Diana Johnstone, La Croisade des fous (Ed. Le temps des Cerises. 2005)
www.letempsdescerises.net ainsi que son article dans la revue
Balkans-Info : www.b-i-infos.com

Toutes les notes sont de la traductrice.

[ Diana Johnstone is the author of
(english) Fools' Crusade: Yugoslavia, Nato, and Western Delusions
(francais) LA CROISADE DES FOUS. Yougoslavie, première guerre de la
mondialisation
(srpskohrvatski) Suludi krstasi
More information and links under:
https://www.cnj.it/documentazione/bibliografia.htm ]

http://www.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,3604,1648470,00.html

The Bosnian war was brutal, but it wasn't a Holocaust

I do not deny atrocities, but unlike others I give them a proper
political context, says Diana Johnstone

Wednesday November 23, 2005
The Guardian

In apologising to Noam Chomsky (Corrections and clarifications,
November 17), the Guardian's readers' editor also had the decency to
correct some errors concerning me in Emma Brockes's interview with
Chomsky (G2, October 31). Despite this welcome retraction, the
impression might linger from Ms Brockes's confused account that my
work on the Balkans consists in denying atrocities.

My book, Fools' Crusade: Yugoslavia, Nato and Western Delusions, which
was published in late 2002 by Pluto Press, is a documented analysis of
the historical background and the political context of the wars of
Yugoslavian disintegration. It includes considerable information about
such relatively overlooked matters as German policies towards
minorities, Slovenian politics, the divisions between Bosnian Muslim
politicians, and the troubled history of Kosovo.

My book does not attempt to recount what happened at Srebrenica, but
to point to the political symbolism of such events, marked by the
media tendency to dwell on some and not on others, to repeat the
highest of casualty estimates when there is no scientifically
established number, and above all to simplify and dramatise an
unfamiliar and complex reality by resorting to analogy with Hitler and
the Holocaust.

The analytical approach seems to be intolerable to a certain number of
writers and journalists who, for one reason or another, insist on
portraying the Yugoslavian conflicts in highly emotional terms as a
Manichaean struggle between evil and innocence. They reduce my book,
as they reduce the Balkan conflict itself, to a certain number of
notorious atrocities, and stigmatise whatever deviates from their own
dualistic interpretation.

I believe that this intense attachment to a Manichaean view of the
Yugoslavian conflicts stems in part from the disarray of the left in
the 1990s. What did it even mean any more to be "on the left"? Eastern
Europe, after the collapse of the Soviet bloc, provided the answer:
the new threat was "nationalism". It was a short step to being
convinced that the worst of all evils was Serbian nationalism, and
that the proof of being on the left was the degree of indignation
expressed in its condemnation.

This attitude, as well as emotional involvement on behalf of the
Bosnian Muslims, led numerous writers to minimise the role of other
nationalisms in Yugoslavia, notably Croatian and Albanian nationalism,
and to overlook the harmful effects of German and United States
interference. This interference culminated in the 1999 Nato war, which
was justified by a series of extravagant analogies (Bosnia likened to
the Holocaust, Kosovo likened to Bosnia). It set the precedent for the
United States to wage war in violation of the national sovereignty of
weaker countries as a method of achieving political change.

This is a much greater threat to the world than Bosnian Serb
nationalists, however brutal their behaviour in the mid-1990s. I
believe that this is our primary political responsibility as citizens
of the United States and of Britain.

· Diana Johnstone is the author of The Politics of Euromissiles:
Europe in America's World.

--- In icdsm-italia @yahoogroups.com, "icdsm_italia" ha scritto:

--- In vocedelgamadi @yahoogroups.com, "gamadi" wrote:

G.A.MA.DI. La VOCE

ICDSM

Internazionale Comitato Difesa Slobodan Milosevic sez.ne Italia

a TeleAmbiente (canale 68 nel centro Italia) e reti associate

Sabato 10/12/'05 ore 21

Presentano due testi fuori dal coro:



In difesa della Jugoslavia

J'ACCUSE di SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC

a cura dell' ICDSM

e

MIRA MARKOVI'C

Memorie di una strega rossa

a cura di Giuseppe Zaccaria



Con la partecipazione dell' editore

GIUSEPPE ZAMBON




In studio

Miriam Pellegrini Ferri


--- End forwarded message ---


NON DIMENTICARE LA PRESENTAZIONE-DIBATTITO!

L'EDITORE ZAMBON e l' ICDSM (Internazionale Comitato Difesa Slobodan
Milosevic - Sezione Italia)

Presentano:


IN DIFESA DELLA JUGOSLAVIA
Il j' accuse di Slobodan Milosevic
di fronte al "Tribunale ad hoc" dell'Aia

e

Mira MarKovi´c
Memorie di una strega rossa


Partecipano:

Dott. Giuseppe Zaccaria (giornalista)

Avv. Giuseppe Mattina (giurista)


4° Fiera della Piccola Editoria

Più Libri Più Liberi

Domenica 11 dicembre 2005 ore 14

Sala Montale

Palazzo dei Congressi EUR Roma


### Le informazioni sul contenuto e la distribuzione dei libri si
possono trovare alle pagine seguenti: ###

IN DIFESA DELLA JUGOSLAVIA
IL J'ACCUSE DI SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC DI FRONTE AL "TRIBUNALE AD HOC" DELL'AIA
A cura della Sezione Italiana del Comitato Internazionale per la
Difesa di Slobodan Milosevic (ICDSM Italia)

http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/icdsm-italia/message/204

MEMORIE DI UNA STREGA ROSSA
Quarant'anni di passione e potere in Jugoslavia
Libro-intervista a Mira Markovic, a cura di Giuseppe Zaccaria

http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/icdsm-italia/message/201

--- Fine messaggio inoltrato ---