Informazione


LOUISE ARBOUR'S DIABOLICAL PROJECT

Tania Noctiummes and Jean-Pierre Page

Daily News (Sri Lanka)

Wednesday, 10 October 2007

http://www.dailynews.lk/2007/10/10/news27.asp


Louise Arbour, former prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, today United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, arrives in Colombo today.

Contrary to the prudence required by an official of a multilateral organisation like the United Nations, she has already proclaimed her intention to press the Government of Sri Lanka to open a field office under her authority to "protect" the citizens of Sri Lanka, implying that the Government of Sri Lanka is not capable of protecting its own citizens!

Does Louise Arbour consider Sri Lanka to be a "failed State", a dangerous concept of the Bush Administration?

This postulate was relayed in an international campaign by representatives of the so-called civil society whose links and political objectives are those of their donors - Western Governments and NGOs, both international and Sri Lankan, who receive their funds primarily from these same Governments.

Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International and other NGOs such as INFORM in Sri Lanka suggest that such an office "could act as a neutral body" to monitor human rights in the country. They say "national mechanisms don't work". It is not surprising that under these conditions, the LTTE itself has promoted and welcomed the visit of Louise Arbour.

It is important therefore to re-situate this diabolical project within the context of the profound changes taking place within the United Nations System at the behest of the United States and its partners. Restructuring of the UN Centre for Human Rights has transformed it from a secretariat of the multilateral body - the Human Rights Council - into a highly politicised Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, which is increasingly substituting itself for the Human Rights Council and its organs.

None can deny that there is a need to transform the United Nations and the international architecture into a system that represents genuine and greater - not less - multilateralism But that is not the case today Why? In the eyes of the US Administration and its partners, the survival of the multilateral system has become an anachronism.

Its aim now is to transform the organisation into a tool that serves its vision of global supremacy, to gain legitimacy for its preventive wars and its so-called action against terrorism, as well as to promote the rules of the market and guarantee private property.

Under the guise of "freedom to live in dignity," the former Secretary-General of the United Nations insisted "We must move from an era of legislation to an era of implementation".

Through his notion of "responsibility to protect potential or actual victims of massive atrocities," he legitimised foreign intervention in the internal affairs of sovereign States: "if national authorities are unable or unwilling to protect their citizens, then the responsibility shifts to the international community to use diplomatic, humanitarian and other methods to help protect the human rights and well-being of civilian population.

When such methods appear insufficient, the Security Council may out of necessity decide to take action under the Charter of the United Nations, including enforcement action, if so required."

Under the multilateral vision, the human rights special procedures mechanisms such as Special Rapporteurs were created to exercise a protection or monitoring function from outside the country with due respect for State sovereignty.

Today, Louise Arbour's mission is to impose upon countries that seek to defend their sovereignty and territorial integrity, a human right field office that would de-legitimise national mechanisms, while at the same time de-legitimising the multilateral system!

Why does Arbour not advocate opening human rights field offices in the United States or in the European Union countries, where it is now an established fact that the CIA has opened secret prisons on the Guantanamo model?

Attempts by the United States and its allied to instrumentalise the United Nations in this field is not new Within the United Nations, the process began with the creation of the highly politicised Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and re-structuring of the former Centre for Human Rights.

The Centre functioned as a secretariat to service the human rights multilateral organ - the Commission on Human Rights and to provide advisory services and technical assistance to Governments - at their request - to establish or strengthen national institutions to carry out protection functions.

An insidious transformation is taking place within that Office turning it into an instrument of direct intervention in the internal affairs of sovereign States through a rapidly growing implantation of field offices essentially staffed by individuals paid by rich donor countries or private institutions.

Arbour's vision implies new organs, new procedures, new methods of work, and a new type of staff that has more in common with diplomatic mercenaries than with international civil servants!

The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights has effectively turned into an intelligence-gathering arm in the name of "humanitarian intervention;" A greater human rights field presence during times of crisis would provide timely information to United Nations bodies and, when necessary, draw urgent attention to situations requiring action."

This logic contributes to legitimising and systematising foreign intervention in all domains, if necessary, by force, "preventively and with the full range of available instruments."

Such a vision could definitely emasculate the General Assembly of its supreme authority.

An illustration is the obsessive reference to subcontracting of UN programmes and activities, including research, and to 'strategic partnerships' with non-State actors of the so-called civil society and the private sector (transnational corporations) as newfound sole authorities. This is also true for human resources within the UN System.

New recruits will serve the political interests of the major financial and military contributors; flexibility and precariousness in staff contracts will facilitate rapid deployment in the service of the new interventionist vision.

Heads of field offices have "the discretion, the means, the authority and the expert assistance that they need to manage an organisation which is expected to meet fast-changing operational needs in many different parts of the world."

Managers may take unilateral decisions to establish, in a selective and arbitrary manner, "strategic partnerships" with non-State actors of the so-called civil society, NGOs, and the private sector. The political implications will be apparent in the sensitive field of 'intelligence gathering' under the guise of protecting the human rights of civilians!

The radical break that Louise Arbour is ardently advocating requires the elimination of the remaining values, principles, and ethics that are linked to the multilateral system and which constitute obstacles to the deployment of the new organisation, as envisioned by the US and its allies.

More than 60 years after the founding of the United Nations, the United States and its partners want to substitute for the common vision held by peoples and States emerging from the victory over fascism, a unilateral and grotesque interpretation of the threats and challenges faced by the world, and actions that must be taken.

Member States are being pressured to adopt "a new security consensus that whatever threatens one threatens all," and accept that "threats which each region of the world perceives as most urgent are in fact equally so for all."

According to the multilateral concept of the United Nations, threats to international peace and security are any forcible action by one State against another, against its national sovereignty, its territorial integrity or political independence, the right of people to self-determination and freedom.

It include wars of external aggression, the subjection of peoples to alien subjugation, domination and exploitation, as well as armed intervention and all other forms of interference or attempted threats against the personality of the State or against its political, economic and cultural elements.

However, under the vision promoted by Louise Arbour, matters that fall essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of States will be considered threats to international peace and security. 'New threats' will include civil violence, organised crime, terrorism, proliferation, small arms and light weapons, weapons of mass destruction, poverty, deadly infectious disease, environmental degradation!

Under the guise of "freeing the world from want," the Western powers are seeking to legitimise the imposition of conditionalities on poor and weaker developing countries so as to force upon them the single economic model thereby accelerating the process of capitalist globalisation with the accompanying devastation that we are witnessing.

Developing countries are pressured to strengthen so-called 'governance,' combat corruption, reduce the State role in the economy and society except those that stimulate private investment, increase the role of the private sector and civil society, provide legal and other guarantees for their activities, including property rights: conditions that already form part and parcel of the controversial structural adjustment programmes of the rich countries and their notorious international financial institutions.

In return, the rich countries will reward developing countries with "increased development assistance, a more development-oriented trade system and wider and deeper debt relief."

Yesterday, peoples, nations and States were united in the promotion of common values and principles. Today, Louise Arbour's vision is to unite member States around a manicheistic vision.

Thirty-seven years ago, the Declaration on principles of international law friendly relations and co-operation among States, which further defined the Charter of the United Nations, proclaimed that "States have the duty to co-operate with one another, irrespective of the differences in their political, economic and social systems, in the various spheres of international relations, in order to maintain international peace and security and to promote international economic stability and progress, the general welfare of nations and international co-operation free from discrimination based on such differences."

Today, instead of cooperation between sovereign States, unilateral humanitarian intervention often under cover of the United Nations - in the name of defence of human rights has become the rule.

From now on, regional arrangements will be replaced by the tenebrous "international community or relevant regional actors and organisations," with the right to intervene wherever and whenever in accordance with a political agenda.

From now on, local disputes will be replaced by "whatever threatens one threatens all". From now on, pacific settlement will be replaced by "other methods or the full range of available instruments" Member States and the United Nations will be reduced to less than nothing.

If we should allow victory of unilateralism over multilateralism, NATO intervention against former Yugoslavia, the armed US aggression against Afghanistan, its aggression and occupation of Iraq will retroactively gain legitimacy.

So will the establishment by the Security Council of ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, of which Louise Arbour was the Prosecutor! All that is illegal will become legal; Lies will become truth.

Will Sri Lanka become another target?

Accepting the opening of a United Nations human rights field office in Sri Lanka will be accepting a project which is, in essence, a diabolical one.



On Jan 19, 2008, at 10:53 AM, Coord. Naz. per la Jugoslavia wrote:


DOES ANYBODY REMEMBER LOUISE ARBOUR?


(La ex procuratrice del TPIY dell'Aia continua, in altra veste e con modalità appena diverse, la sua opera di demolizione di Stati sovrani: come sempre, per ottenere la loro ri-colonizzazione imperialistica, non si disdegna la difesa del banditismo terrorista-etnico in nome dei "diritti umani"...)


Begin forwarded message:

From:    deshapremiyo  @...
Subject:  Sri Lanka need not yield to international law 
Date:  January 18, 2008 9:47:23 PM GMT+01:00

Sri Lanka need not yield to international law

– PNM tells Louise Arbour

(LankaTruth: 18th January 2008  23:40 S.L.T )

Sri Lankan Nation need not yield to so-called international law that would be brought against sovereignty of the Motherland states Patriotic National Movement.

PNM makes this observation in a statement issued against a statement made by Ms. Louise Arbour, U.N. High Commissioner for human rights regarding human rights situation in Sri Lanka. In its statement PNM points out that Ms. Louise Arbour has launched diplomatic terrorism against Sri Lanka.

The full text of the PNM statement:

"We believe that the whole Sri Lankan Nation should pay its attention to the serious statement made regarding Sri Lanka recently by Ms. Louise Arbour , head of U.N. High Commission for human rights.

In the relevant statement she had stated that violations by any party could entail individual criminal responsibility under international criminal law. She had emphasized that this law would be seriously effective on those in positions of command. She had said this emphasizing that according to international law all rights of civilians should be defended.

From this statement of Louis Arbour it is clear what agenda the western imperialist forces have conspired to carry out in Sri Lanka. We, from the very beginning, have indicated what plans Louise Arbour and her kind had aimed to be implemented in Sri Lanka when they tried to exaggerate the human rights situation in the country to the world and made various statements. What western imperialism and Louise Arbour and her kind want today is to deny to the Sri Lankan Nation the opportunity to bring about a final defeat to the murderous separatist terrorists, who are helpless and confined to a small area in Wanni and Killinochchi. In order to fulfill this villainous aim Louise Arbour and her kind put forward the so-called human rights issues. 

In the statement we quoted above Louis Arbour directly threatens the political and military leaders who are involved in taking measures for national security. What she says in diplomatic language is that if anyone takes steps to liberate Wanni and Killinochchi they would be branded as war criminals and brought before international law.  This is clearly a threat.  It is terrorists who carry out threats. Hence, Louie Arbour has unleashed diplomatic terrorism against Sri Lankan state. Louise Arbour has unleashed this terrorism on behalf of murderous, separatist tiger terrorism.

The process of solving the internal issues of Sri Lanka is decided by the majority of its inhabitants. Any government that has come to power with people’s mandate is responsible in implementing the law of the land all over the country without any hindrance. It is presently done through legitimate armed forces.  One of its tasks is to destroy the world’s most ruthless terrorist organizations that has proved to be an obstacle in implementing law and order in the country. It is the prerogative of the Sri Lankan government to fulfill this task. No organization or country in the world has the right to challenge this right in any manner. Louis Arbour and her kind should understand this. If they don’t comprehend this of their own, it is necessary to emphasize, that the day the patriotic masses in this country take action to close all offices that belong to various organizations of the UNO would be not very far away.

The administrators, military chiefs and all inhabitants in this country give allegiance only to law of this country. Sri Lankans don’t have to abide by a so-called international law that is brought up against the sovereignty of the country. None in Sri Lanka would be cowed down by the idiotic threats of Louise Arbour and her kind who are grief stricken at the defeats their tiger pals have been inflicted with. It is unfortunate for the UNO that Arbour and her kind have not been able to comprehend this. 

However, it is the responsibility of all patriotic forces in this country to ‘nip in the bud’ the “diplomatic terrorism” Louise Arbour and her kind have attempted to unleash. We call upon all patriotic mass organizations to be alert to this threat and rally to defeat such attempts. We also call upon all responsible officials of the UNO in Sri Lanka, considering the safety of the employees of the UNO and its assets, to refrain from making such utter foolish statements that would enrage the people in this country.  We would like to emphasize, by threatening with international law, Louise Arbour and her kind would never get the opportunity to reverse the struggle being carried out to create the atmosphere to implement the law of the land in every inch of the Sri Lankan soil and it is from Sri Lanka that they would get this latest experience. "



(Peter Handke si trova adesso in Serbia, sullo Zlatibor, dove Kusturica ha organizzato un festival per giovani cineasti: Peter vi si è recato per dargli una mano...

Su Peter Handke si vedano le più recenti interviste:

HANDKE DICE QUE KOSOVARES NO MERECEN SU ESTADO
Intervista a Peter Handke in lingua spagnola apparsa su EL MUNDO nel dicembre 2007

«In Kosovo c'è solo odio»
TOMMASO DI FRANCESCO su IL MANIFESTO - 16 GENNAIO 2008 - pagina 3

e tutta la documentazione raccolta alla nostra pagina:



Разговор недеље: Петер Хандке

Нека ме Нобелов комитет заборави

Вама је у Србији потребна љубав, потребно је да вас заволе и воле. Али, потребно је и веома важно да се заволите међу собом. Нема довољно међусобне љубави у Србији. Ви сте увек негде између


Славни аустријски књижевник, песник и драматург Петер Хандке (1942) приљежни је и одговорни председник је жирија 1. Кустендорф филм фестивала посвећеног студентском филму и младим ауторима жељним филмских знања.
У романтичном амбијенту Дрвенграда, у краткој паузи између филмских пројекција, с Хандкеом, поштујући изборну тишину, разговарамо о пријатељству које осећа према српском народу и Србији – „најнапаћенијој регији Европе”, проблемима које такво пријатељство може да изазове, о „пластичним људима” данашњице, Нобеловом комитету који не чита књиге, новом делу „Моравска ноћ”, филмским ствараоцима – „великим лажовима” и о месту Кремна – „желуцу Европе”...

Да ли је лако бити српски пријатељ?

Веома лако. Природно.

Смета ли Вам када Вам пребацују ово пријатељство и стављају Вас у негативан контекст? Попут младог британског студента који Вас је овде у Дрвенграду запитао: „Како ћете нас уверити да сте овде из правих разлога, а не из политичких, да нисмо шпијуни у таквој врсти игре?”

Не, ништа ми не смета. И тај младић је веома невин човек који је поставио невино питање, јер он не зна ништа о Србији. Нико не зна ништа о Србији...

А можда не желе да знају?

Многи желе, али како им објаснити? Треба да пишете књиге које још нису написане, да говорите на телевизији у ударном термину читава два сата о Југославији и Србији и да онда схвате нешто.

Коју телевизијску станицу препоручујете и како организовати двосатну причу у ударном термину?

То је немогуће! Али, то би била солуција за све у Европи, од Лисабона и Мадрида, Париза, Варшаве, Москве... Два сата приче о Србији, један човек у студију који би објаснио у чему је проблем одговарајући на питање доброг новинара. Много шта о Србији било би јасније.

Кажете да је овако нешто немогуће организовати, чак и када би било плаћено?

Треба вам неколико милијарди долара за тако нешто, па би опет било немогуће, јер они то неће, али тако нешто би заиста било корисно.

За људе у Србији је корисно што Ви пишете књиге и говорите о нама и волите нас?

Понекад, не увек.

Зашто? Зато што имамо добру и лошу страну?

Не зато. Видите, вама је потребна љубав, потребно је да вас заволе и воле. Али, потребно је и веома важно да се заволите међу собом. Нема довољно међусобне љубави у Србији.

Шта Ви, који нас стално посматрате, мислите да је разлог за то?

Корени тога су дубоки. Још током немачке окупације прекинули сте многе међусобне везе, поделили се на „недићевце”, „михајловићевце”, „Титове партизане”. Нећу да кажем да сте сада у истој позицији, али још нисте заједно, уједињени.

Је ли узрок за то српски менталитет, некаква „генетска грешка”?

Не, није питање менталитета или грешке! Нисте ви за то криви! Ви сте у средишту Европе, после вишевековне турске владавине, у још једној чудној позицији. Ви сте између Сједињених Америчких Држава и арапског света. Ви сте увек негде између! Али, то не би било ништа страшно када бисте се ујединили и када бисте следили дивну идеју: „Хајде да будемо заједно”.

А да нам покажете пут којим то да остваримо?

Драга, слатка дамо, ја још не знам да покажем пут ни самом себи. Али, оно што знам јесте да су Срби најстварнији људи у Европи. Они знају шта је патња, шта су проблеми, шта стиже са севера а шта са југа, истока и запада, шта су унутрашњи проблеми, шта тишти Мађаре а шта оне из Санџака, шта су питања религије... Ово је најинтересантнија регија Европе, али истовремено и најнапаћенија.

И Хавијер Солана то може да разуме?

Ма њега треба... Он је пример „хуманистичке бомбе”. У име хуманости убијати људе свуда по свету! То је најгора врста људи, он и њему слични немају појма о Балкану, не знају ништа, немају решења и онда бомбардују.

Ко су људи попут њега, нечије марионете?

Они су заиста марионете и то „марионете универзума”. Заиста не знам одакле стижу ти „модерни људи”, можда с Марса! То су јадни и тужни људи. Габријел Гарсија Маркес је написао малу новелу о Веслију Кларку и Солани, третирајући их као трагичне јунаке, као грешку цивилизације. Они су лоше особе и не знају ништа о људском животу. То је и проблем оног Финца – Ахтисарија – који ништа не зна о Балкану. Не зна ништа и не осећа ништа, а треба да осетиш нешто да би разумео. Сви они заједно представљају крај света. Одлазе код кројача, фризера, сликају се за телевизију и креирају лош ехо човечанства. Онај затрован, из кога стижу пластични људи, незналице, они којима није стало ни до хуманости ни до демократије.

Какав ли они пример пружају светској младости и у какве ће људе ти млади порасти?

Младе је тешко корумпирати. Они могу да прихвате те пластичне људе, али ће креирати нешто дубље и боље. Они ће бити бољи него што ми данас можемо бити.

Тако се веровало и за младост шездесет осме, а многи из те бунтовничке генерације данас су међу тим „пластичним људима” које помињете?

Нисам учествовао у догађајима 1968. и нисам делио идеје са учесницима.

Зашто?

Можда и зато што сам син из сиромашне сељачке породице и као такав нисам могао да разумем оне који су креирали шездесет и осму. Ја сам одувек веровао у поезију и поетски приступ хуманости. Поетски приступ је вечити и трагичан, јер знате да ће бити промена али и да никада неће бити раја.

Када поменусмо поезију и поетику да Вам кажем и да је суботњем Културном додатку нашег листа објављен веома позитиван приказ Ваше нове приповетке „Моравска ноћ”.

О, и шта пише?

Да је Ваше стваралаштво упрто против конвенционалних форми. Слажете се?

Не, ја волим конвенционалне форме јер у њима има живота, али у оваквим формама нисам успешан. Некада сам добар, некада сам лош, попут свих других.

Критичар каже и да је „Моравска ноћ” Ваша најлепша књига?

Немам мишљење о својим књигама, више волим да о оном што радим процењују људи из Србије јер ово јесте приповетка о Србији. А моја Србија је Србија добрих људи из Неготина, Бора, Зајечара, из Новог Сада, Крагујевца, с Косова... Од свих ваших писаца највише сам волео Александра Тишму, а он је био толико песимистичан у погледу Србије и Југославије.

Пише и да сте заслужили Нобелову награду, али и да Вас Нобелов комитет избегава?

Ма, нема потребе за Нобеловом наградом. Нека ме забораве! Потребно је да измисле ново оружје по којем би назвали награду. И какве везе уопште има литература с Нобелом! Нобелов комитет ни не чита књиге. С тим треба прекинути јер је све лажно и погрешно. Верујте да су и мени и другим писцима много драже мале, регионалне награде јер онда са сигурношћу знамо да су оно што смо писали неки озбиљни, скромни људи заиста и прочитали и да они заиста могу да суде. Важни су читаоци, људи и жене, а деца су најдрагоценији читаоци на свету јер су будућност човечанства. Не ратујте – читајте!

Још 1967. године сте написали и следеће: „Књижевност је за мене дуго времена била средство да о себи стекнем, ако не јасну, а оно јаснију представу”. Да ли се ишта променило?

Ништа, само што сам у међувремену постао епска личност. Видим историју свуда око себе и историју сваке особе. Гледам, посматрам, осврћем се. Без посматрања нема књижевности. Посматрам дрво и оно после десет минута постаје ја, а ја постајем дрво. Тако је и с посматрањем људи. Наравно, веома је тешко живети на овакав начин, али то јесте начин живота. Без посматрања и прожимања нема путовања. Постоји још нешто – уколико могу да избегнем утицај било каквог мишљења слободнији сам. Волео бих да могу да пишем као Стендал, можда и као Флобер, да осетим неопходност да волим, да осећам.

Покушавате ли то да чините?

Стално, јер ако не осећам био бих мртав човек.

Није лако бити Ви?

Напротив, то је веома лако!

А мени се учинило да сте компликована, сложена особа.

У сваком од нас има на стотине људи. У мени има стотину различитих особа, срећних, љутих, радозналих, запитаних... Погледајте само себе, колико особа имате у себи? Верујте, има много компликованијих и сложенијих људи од мене, рецимо моји пријатељи.

Међу њима је и Вим Вендерс? Једном приликом ми је рекао да је један од најрадоснијих тренутака у његовом животу био рад с Вама на сценарију филма „Небо над Берлином”?

Вим је „добар лажов”, то је у његовој редитељској природи. Много га волим и он је један од неколико пријатеља у мом животу, али је и „нежни лажов”. Ценим оно што ради, али сматрам да треба да настави с филмовима фикције и настави тамо где су стали Бергман и Антониони, а не да се „зеза” около. Сви филмски ствараоци су велики лажови!

Укључујући и Емира Кустурицу?

Ха! Укључујући и њега, само што је Емир величанствени, шармантни и „шекспировски лажов”!

Често шпартате Србијом, али сте први пут у Мокрој Гори?

Волим многа места у Србији, али мислим да ми је најомиљеније Кремна и ако икада будем могао тамо бих саградио кућу.

Због „Креманског пророчанства” Тарабића?

Каква пророчанства? Не знам о томе. У Кремнима има много дрвећа и неке дивне енергије. Ту је у близини пруга и возови из Србије, Босне, с мора. То је средиште Европе, желудац Европе. То су Кремна и ту бих волео да будем. Онда бисмо се Емир и ја повремено посећивали.


Дубравка Лакић

[објављено: 20/01/2008]




(italiano / english)



Fu l'unico statunitense a conquistare il titolo dopo la storica sfida
nel 1972 con il russo Boris Spassky, in piena guerra fredda


Addio Fischer, scacchista ribelle
si era ritirato in Islanda



REYKJAVIK - Addio a Bobby Fischer, primo e unico statunitense a conquistare il titolo di campione di scacchi, entrato nella storia per la sua sfida con il russo Boris Spassky. Fischer, che aveva 64 anni, è deceduto in Islanda in seguito a una malattia non meglio precisata. La notizia della sua morte è stata data dalla radio islandese. 

Da molti esperti di scacchi era considerato il più grande giocatore di tutti i tempi. Soprattutto dopo che nel 1972 aveva battuto Spassky strappandogli il titolo mondiale al termine di una sfida che calamitò l'attenzione dei media di tutto il mondo. Nato negli Stati Uniti, viveva in Islanda dopo la disavventura con le autorità giapponesi che lo hanno tenuto per otto mesi in stato di fermo per aver utilizzato un passaporto americano non valido. Nel marzo del 2005 il parlamento islandese, l'Althing, aveva acconsentito a riconoscergli cittadinanza per "ragioni umanitarie", perché, a suo giudizio, era stato sottoposto a trattamenti ingiusti da parte dei governi giapponese e statunitense. 

La scelta dell'Islanda non è stata casuale: la storica partita con Spassky del 1972, giocata quando lo scacchista americano aveva 29 anni, si era svolta proprio a Reykjavik e si era caricata di significati simbolici in piena guerra fredda fra Washington e Mosca. In seguito Fischer si era però rifiutato di difendere la corona contro il sovietico Anatoli Karpov (1975), incorrendo nella squalifica della Federazione internazionale degli scacchi. Da allora non aveva più giocato incontri ufficiali fino alla sfida-spettacolo in due fasi (la prima a Sveti Stefan, in Montenegro, la seconda a Belgrado) del settembre 1992 di nuovo contro Spassky (il quale intanto aveva preso la cittadinanza francese). 

Le autorità americane gli avevano proibito di andare in Jugoslavia, allora sotto embargo dell'Onu. Successivamente è stato incriminato per avere violato l'embargo: rischiava, se fosse tornato negli Usa, fino a dieci anni di carcere. Per questo si oppose alla estradizione negli Usa al momento del fermo in Giappone e chiese asilo politico in Islanda. 

(18 gennaio 2008)


Le immagini della vita di Bobby Fischer



===

Bobby Fischer, Chess Master, Dies at 64


By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

Published: January 18, 2008

Filed at 9:48 a.m. ET

REYKJAVIK, Iceland (AP) -- Bobby Fischer <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/f/bobby_fischer/index.html?inline=nyt-per> , the reclusive chess genius who became a Cold War hero by dethroning the Soviet world champion in 1972 and later renounced his American citizenship, has died. He was 64.

Fisher died in a Reykjavik hospital on Thursday of kidney failure after a long illness, his spokesman, Gardar Sverrisson, said Friday.

Born in Chicago and raised in Brooklyn, N.Y., Fischer faced criminal charges in the United States for playing a 1992 rematch against Boris Spassky in Yugoslavia in defiance of international sanctions. In 2005, he moved to Iceland, a chess-mad nation and site of his greatest triumph.

As a champion, he used his eccentricities to unsettle opponents, but Fischer's reputation as a genius of chess was soon eclipsed, in the eyes of many, by his idiosyncrasies.

''Chess is war on a board,'' he once said. ''The object is to crush the other man's mind.''

Garry Kasparov <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/k/garry_kasparov/index.html?inline=nyt-per> , the former world chess champion from Russia, said Fischer's ascent in the chess world in the 1960s and his promotion of chess worldwide was ''a revolutionary breakthrough'' for the game.

''The tragedy is that he left this world too early, and his extravagant life and scandalous statements did not contribute to the popularity of chess,'' Kasparov told The Associated Press.

Fischer lost his world title in 1975 after refusing to defend it against Anatoly Karpov <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/k/anatoly_karpov/index.html?inline=nyt-per> . He dropped out of competitive chess and largely out of view, emerging occasionally to make erratic and often anti-Semitic comments, although his mother was Jewish.

Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, president of the World Chess Federation, called Fischer ''a phenomenon and an epoch in chess history, and an intellectual giant I would rank next to Newton and Einstein.''

Spassky, reached briefly at his home in France, said: ''I am very sorry, but Bobby Fischer is dead. Goodbye.''

An American chess champion at 14 and a grand master at 15, Fischer dethroned Spassky in 1972 in a series of games in Iceland's capital, Reykjavik, to become the first officially recognized world champion born in the United States.

The match, at the height of the Cold War, took on mythic dimensions as a clash between the world's two superpowers.

Fischer played -- and won -- an exhibition rematch against Spassky on the resort island of Sveti Stefan, but the game was in violation of U.S. sanctions imposed to punish then-President Slobodan Milosevic <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/m/slobodan_milosevic/index.html?inline=nyt-per> .

In July 2004, Fischer was arrested at Japan's Narita airport for traveling on a revoked U.S. passport and was threatened with extradition to the United States to face charges of violating sanctions.

He spent nine months in custody before the dispute was resolved when Iceland granted him citizenship and he moved there with his longtime companion, the Japanese chess player Miyoko Watai. She survives him.

In his final years, Fischer railed against the chess establishment, alleging that the outcomes of many top-level chess matches were decided in advance.

Instead, he championed his concept of random chess, in which pieces are shuffled at the beginning of each match in a bid to reinvigorate the game.

''I don't play the old chess,'' he told reporters when he arrived in Iceland in 2005. ''But obviously if I did, I would be the best.''

Born in Chicago in March 9, 1943, Robert James Fischer was a child prodigy, playing competitively from the age of 8.

At 13, he became the youngest player to win the United States Junior Championship. At 14, he won the United States Open Championship for the first of eight times.

At 15, he gained the title of international grand master, the youngest person to hold the title.

Tall, charismatic and with striking looks, he was a chess star -- but already gaining a reputation for volatile behavior.

He turned up late for tournaments, walked out of matches, refused to play unless the lighting suited him and was intolerant of photographers and cartoonists. He was convinced of his own superiority and called the Soviets ''Commie cheats.''

His behavior often unsettled opponents -- to Fischer's advantage.

This was seen most famously in the showdown with Spassky in Reykjavik between July and September 1972. Having agreed to play Spassky in Yugoslavia, Fischer raised one objection after another to the arrangements and they wound up playing in Iceland.

When play got under way, days late, Fischer lost the first game with an elementary blunder after discovering that television cameras he had reluctantly accepted were not unseen and unheard, but right behind the players' chairs.

He boycotted the second game and the referee awarded the point to Spassky, putting the Russian ahead 2-0.

But then Spassky agreed to Fischer's demand that the games be played in a back room away from cameras. Fischer went on to beat Spassky, 12.5 points to 8.5 points in 21 games.

Millions of Americans, gripped by the contest, rejoiced in the victory over their Cold War adversary.

In the recent book ''White King and Red Queen,'' the British author Daniel Johnson said the match was ''an abstract antagonism on an abstract battleground using abstract weapons ... yet their struggle embraced all human life.''

''In Spassky's submission to his fate and Fischer's fierce exultant triumph, the Cold War's denouement was already foreshadowed.''

The victory made Fischer the first U.S.-born world champion. Paul Morphy, an American, was regarded as the world's best player from 1858 to 1862, and William Steinetz, an Austrian immigrant to the United States, was an official champion from 1886 to 1894.

------

Associated Press Writer Jill Lawless in London contribued to this report.






Kosmet: Politische Freundschaften 

1) Elsässers neues Buch "Kriegslügen" - Lesetermine

2) Politische Freundschaften


=== 1 ===

Elsässers neues Buch "Kriegslügen" - Lesetermine

Wie Sarajevo 1914

Der CDU-Bundestagsabgeordnete Willy Wimmer schrieb vor kurzem: "Als 1918 die Welt von gestern in Schutt und Asche fiel und mit viel Perfidie das Fundament für den nächsten großen Konflikt gelegt wurde, wollte man nicht lange nach den Ursachen suchen. Es waren die Pistolenschüsse in Sarajevo, die das Leben des österreichischen Thronfolgerpaares ausgelöscht hatten, hieß es. (...) Bislang ist es ausgeblieben, daß man bei den Verhandlungen über die Zukunft des Kosovo aufeinander angelegt hat, aber mögliche Unterschriften unter bestimmte Papiere könnten die Wirkung von Pistolenschüssen haben. Die Zündschnüre sind gelegt und reichen von Nordirland über das Baskenland, Gibraltar und den Kaukasus bis nach Tibet und Taiwan."

Die aktuelle Lage auf dem Balkan erinnert auf beklemmende Weise an die Konstellation, die zum Ersten Weltkrieg führte. Am vergangenen Sonnabend drohte der russische Generalstabschef Jurij Balujewskij mit dem Ersteinsatz von Atomwaffen "zum Schutz sowohl seiner eigenen Souveränität und territorialen Integrität als auch der seiner Bündnispartner". Besonders der Zusatz ist alarmierend: Fällt nicht auch Serbien unter die russischen "Bündnispartner"? Und planen nicht die NATO-Führungsmächte die Abspaltung von 15 Prozent des serbischen Territoriums, nämlich der Provinz Kosovo? Und warnt nicht Präsident Wladimir Putin seit etwa einem Jahr beständig vor einer solchen völkerrechtswidrigen Aktion?

Jedenfalls: Die Sezession des Kosovo soll "in vier oder fünf Wochen" stattfinden, sagte Separatistenchef Hashim Thaci Mitte Januar 2008.

Lesen Sie Jürgen Elsässers Analyse der drohenden Zuspitzungen (s. http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/crj-mailinglist/message/5852 ) und sein gerade erschienenes Buch:

"Kriegslügen. Der NATO-Angriff auf Jugoslawien" (200 Seiten, 12.80 Euro).

Elsässer liest aus dem Buch und spricht zum Thema:

Freitag, 25.01.2008, Stockach (Bodensee)
19.30 Uhr, Hotel Fortuna

Samstag, 16.02.2008, Neubrandenburg
10.00 Uhr: Lesung in der Arche N, Reitbahnweg 38

Sonntag, 24.02.2008, Berlin
18.00 Uhr, "Wabe" im Thälmannpark (Danziger Str. 101), Podiumsdiskussion im Rahmen des Festivals "Musik und Politik"

Freitag, 18.04.2008, 29479 Jameln (Wendland)
20.00 Uhr, Clenzer Kulturladen

Montag, 21.04.2008, München
20.00 Uhr, Club Voltaire, Theater im Fraunhofer, Fraunhoferstr. 9

Donnerstag, 24.04.2008, Berlin
19.00 Uhr: Lesung im Antiquariat Eichler, Sesenheimer Str. 17 (Nähe Deutsche Oper)


=== 2 ===


Politische Freundschaften 

21.01.2008


PRISTINA/BERLIN/DEN HAAG (Eigener Bericht) - Der Den Haager Kriegsverbrecherprozess gegen einen engen Kooperationspartner des deutschen UN-Verwalters im Kosovo, Joachim Rücker, nähert sich in dieser Woche mit den Schlussplädoyers seinem Ende. Vor dem Internationalen Jugoslawien-Tribunal angeklagt ist Ramush Haradinaj, ein ehemaliger kosovarischer Ministerpräsident; ihm wird vorgeworfen, bereits 1998, ein Jahr vor dem NATO-Überfall auf Jugoslawien, Folter und zahlreiche Morde an Serben, Roma und Kosovo-Albanern veranlasst oder sogar begangen zu haben. Haradinaj, von dem Geheimdienste sagen, er sei seit seiner Zeit als UCK-Kommandeur Boss einer mächtigen Mafia-Organisation, erfreut sich bester Beziehungen zu den UNO-Apparaten im Kosovo (UNMIK), unter anderem zu deren aktuellem Chef Rücker. Hochrangige UNO-Mitarbeiter sollen an der Einschüchterung von Zeugen beteiligt gewesen sein, die in Den Haag gegen Haradinaj aufgeboten worden waren, berichtet der Journalist Boris Kanzleiter im Gespräch mit dieser Redaktion. Die Strukturen der Organisierten Kriminalität im Kosovo, in denen Haradinaj eine wichtige Position innehaben soll, reichen bis nach Deutschland. In Berichten heißt es, Ermittlungen gegen in der Bundesrepublik ansässige Kosovaren seien durch Berliner Regierungsstellen verhindert worden.

Kommandozentrale

Im Prozess gegen Ramush Haradinaj und zwei seiner engsten Gefolgsleute vor dem Jugoslawien-Tribunal in Den Haag hat die Anklage in der vergangenen Woche eine Haftstrafe von je 25 Jahren für alle drei Beschuldigten gefordert. Das Verfahren behandelt Ereignisse des Jahres 1998, die zur Eskalation der Spannungen in der südserbischen Provinz Kosovo und damit zur Legitimierung des NATO-Überfalls im März 1999 beitrugen. Ihr Schauplatz war das gebirgige Dukadjini-Gebiet im Westen des Kosovo an der Grenze zu Albanien und zu Montenegro, in dem der Haradinaj-Clan beheimatet ist. In den Jahren 1997 und 1998 war "das Familienanwesen der Haradinajs (...) zu einer Kommandozentrale der UCK ausgebaut" worden, berichtet der Journalist Boris Kanzleiter im Gespräch mit dieser Redaktion.[1] Kanzleiter recherchiert seit Jahren in den Ländern des ehemaligen Jugoslawien.

Totale Kontrolle

Über Haradinaj, der 1998 von dem familieneigenen Anwesen aus die UCK-Operationen im Dukadjini-Gebiet kommandierte, heißt es in der Anklageschrift aus Den Haag: "Die gemeinsame kriminelle Absicht der Angeklagten war die totale Kontrolle der UCK über die Dukadjini-Operationszone durch die Beseitigung und Misshandlung serbischer Zivilisten; sowie durch die Misshandlung von Kosovo-Albanern, Kosovo-Roma und Ägyptern, sowie anderer Zivilisten, die als Kollaborateure der serbischen Streitkräfte bezeichnet wurden oder die UCK nicht unterstützten."[2] Weiter heißt es: "Nach dem 19. April 1998 vertrieb oder tötete die UCK innerhalb weniger Tage so gut wie jeden serbischen Zivilisten, der in den von der UCK kontrollierten Gebieten der Dukadjini-Operationszone verblieben war." Die Mordtaten zielten auf die Eliminierung aller nichtalbanischen Bevölkerungsteile des Kosovo und die Errichtung eines "ethnisch reinen" Staatsgebildes.

Bis nach Deutschland

Nach dem Ende des NATO-Krieges gegen Jugoslawien im Jahr 1999 wandelte Haradinaj seine mit Hilfe der UCK während der Kämpfe gefestigte Position in politische Macht um. Im Jahr 2000 gründete er eine eigene Partei ("Zukunftsallianz Kosova", AAK), im Dezember 2004 wurde er sogar zum Ministerpräsidenten des Kosovo gewählt. Im März 2005 musste er allerdings wegen seines Prozesses in Den Haag zurücktreten. Bis heute jedoch gilt Haradinaj im Kosovo als Anführer einer maßgeblichen Gruppierung der Organisierten Kriminalität (OK). Der Bundesnachrichtendienst bezeichnete ihn 2005 als "key player" in dem Geflecht "zwischen Politik, Wirtschaft und international operierenden OK-Strukturen im Kosovo".[3] Er kam damals zu dem Schluss, Haradinajs Schmuggel-Netzwerk operiere "auf dem ganzen Balkan" und reiche "auch nach Griechenland, Italien, in die Schweiz und nach Deutschland".[4]

Enger Partner und Freund

Dessen ungeachtet unterhält die UNO-Verwaltung im Kosovo (UNMIK) bis heute engste Beziehungen zu Haradinaj. Der ehemalige UNMIK-Chef Sören Jessen-Petersen nannte ihn einen "engen Partner und Freund". "Auch Jessen-Petersens Nachfolger, der deutsche Diplomat Joachim Rücker, hielt an Haradinaj fest", sagt Boris Kanzleiter dieser Redaktion: Rücker stärkte Haradinajs Stellung vor dem Prozessbeginn in Den Haag mit einer demonstrativen Zusammenkunft in Pristina.[5] "In den vergangenen Tagen wurden sogar Vorwürfe laut, dass hochrangige UNMIK-Funktionäre direkt an der Einschüchterung von Zeugen beteiligt sein sollen", berichtet Kanzleiter. Der Vorwurf wiegt umso schwerer, als im vergangenen Jahr ein Zeuge gegen Haradinaj bei einem bis heute nicht aufgeklärten Autounfall ums Leben kam. Bereits 2002 waren im Zusammenhang mit einem Prozess gegen Haradinajs Clan drei Zeugen und zwei ermittelnde Beamte erschossen worden.

Namen

Anders als der aktuelle Den Haager Prozess vermuten lassen könnte, sind Haradinajs Aktivitäten im Kosovo nicht außergewöhnlich. Dass in der südserbischen Provinz, die in Kürze ihre Eigenstaatlichkeit postulieren wird, mehrere mächtige Mafia-Organisationen präsent sind und sich auch politische Ämter zu sichern suchen, das belegen inzwischen mehrere Berichte deutscher Sicherheitsbehörden, die in Auszügen öffentlich bekannt geworden sind. So heißt es etwa in einer Studie, die Anfang 2007 im Auftrag der Bundeswehr fertiggestellt wurde: "Aus früheren UCK-Strukturen (...) haben sich unter den Augen der Internationalen Gemeinschaft mittlerweile mehrere Multi-Millionen-Euro-Organisationen entwickelt", die ihre kriminellen Tätigkeiten mit politischen Ambitionen verbinden und "weitgehende Kontrolle über den Regierungsapparat" innehaben.[6] Der Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND) hatte bereits 2005 die Namen mehrerer Personen genannt, die seinen Erkenntnissen zufolge in der Organisierten Kriminalität des Kosovo führende Positionen innehaben, unter anderem den heutigen Ministerpräsidenten sowie ein Mitglied des aktuellen Parlamentsvorstands.

Direkt aus Berlin

Zu Konsequenzen führten die Erkenntnisse der Sicherheitsbehörden bislang nicht. Eine unzureichende Strafverfolgung mutmaßlicher kosovarischer Krimineller wird inzwischen auch in Deutschland beklagt. "Bereits im Sommer 2005 versuchten das Bayerische wie auch das Niedersächsische Landeskriminalamt das Bundeskriminalamt davon zu überzeugen, zentrale Ermittlungen gegen die bekannten (kosovo-albanischen, d. Red.) Clans und Personen in Deutschland zu führen", weil "viele kriminelle Protagonisten aus dem Umfeld der UCK sich in Deutschland niedergelassen haben", berichtete im Jahr 2006 der Publizist Jürgen Roth.[7] "Doch das wurde abgelehnt, obwohl das österreichische BKA wie die italienische Polizei ihre deutschen Kollegen eindringlich aufforderten, endlich diese Ermittlungen zu führen. Die Ablehnung (...) kam direkt - so eine vertrauliche Quelle aus dem österreichischen Bundeskriminalamt - vom Innenministerium in Berlin."

Massiv unterstützt

Tatsächlich diente die Bundesrepublik ehemaligen UCK-Kommandeuren und heutigen Mafiabossen bereits in den 1990er Jahren maßgeblich zur Vorbereitung ihres Sezessionskampfes gegen Belgrad - eine oft genannte Erklärung für ihre bemerkenswerte heutige Straflosigkeit. So wurde die UCK laut dem Geheimdienstexperten Erich Schmidt-Eenboom "seit Anfang der 90er Jahre durch Millionenbeträge" finanziert, "die sie vor allem von Exilalbanern aus den Vereinigten Staaten, der Schweiz und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland erhielt".[8] "Diese Aktivitäten wurden nicht nur geduldet, sondern massiv unterstützt" [9], urteilt der Publizist Jürgen Roth, "und daraus entstanden zumindest politische Freundschaften".

Zusammenkünfte

Roth hat sich unter anderem mit einem kosovo-albanischen Familienclan aus Norddeutschland befasst, der im Verdacht steht, in der zweiten Hälfte der 1990er Jahre an der UCK-Finanzierung beteiligt gewesen zu sein. Er wird zudem verschiedenster illegaler Geschäfte beschuldigt.[10] Rechtskräftig geklärt sind die Vorwürfe bis heute nicht. Jedoch verfügte der norddeutsche Clan, der Recherchen der KFOR zufolge auch enge Geschäftsverbindungen zum Clan des in Den Haag angeklagten Ramush Haradinaj unterhält, zumindest zeitweise über hochrangige Kontakte in Regierungskreise. Roth zufolge "soll sich sowohl der ehemalige Außenminister Klaus Kinkel 1998 mit dem Clanchef aus der norddeutschen Stadt getroffen haben als auch später der BND-Chef August Hanning". Hanning ist heute Staatssekretär im Bundesinnenministerium.


Bitte lesen Sie unser Interview mit Boris Kanzleiter.

[1] s. dazu Heldenfigur
[2] Haradinaj et al. (IT-04-84); www.un.org/icty/cases-e/index-e.htm
[3] Jürgen Roth: Rechtsstaat? Lieber nicht!; Die Weltwoche 43/2005
[4] Jürgen Roth: Der Deutschland-Clan. Frankfurt am Main 2006
[5] s. dazu Heldenfigur
[8] Erich Schmidt-Eenboom: Kosovo-Krieg und Interesse - einseitige Anmerkungen zur Geopolitik; www.geheimdienste.info/texte.htm