Informazione
Avvenne in un paese di contadini
nella Balcania montuosa:
una compagnia di alunni
in un giorno solo morì
di morte gloriosa.
Avevano tutti la stessa età,
scorrevano uguali per tutti
i giorni di scuola, andavano alle cerimonie in compagnia,
li vaccinavano tutti
contro la stessa malattia.
Morirono tutti in una giornata sola.
Avvenne in un paese di contadini
nella Balcania montuosa:
una compagnia di alunni
in un solo giorno morì
di morte gloriosa.
Cinquantacinque minuti
prima che la morte se li portasse via
sedevano sui banchi di scuola
i ragazzi della piccola compagnia,
e con lo stesso compito assillante;
andando a piedi, quanto
impiega un viandante
e così via.
Erano pieni delle stesse cifre
i loro pensieri,
e nei quaderni, dentro la cartella,
giacevano assurdi innumerevoli
i cinque e gli zeri
Stringevano in saccoccia con ardore
una manciata di comuni sogni,
di comuni segreti
patriottici e d'amore.
E ognuno, lieto della propria aurora,
credeva di poter correre molto
tanto ancora
sotto l'azzurro tetto rotondo
fino a risolvere
tutti i compiti di questo mondo.
Avvenne in un paese di contadini
nella Balcania montuosa:
una compagnia di alunni
in un giorno solo morì
di morte gloriosa.
File intere di ragazzi
Si presero per mano
e, dall'ultima ora di scuola,
si avviarono alla fucilazione
calmi, col cuore forte,
come se nulla fosse la morte.
File intere di compagni
salirono nella stessa ora
verso l'eterna dimora.
| ||
In un solo giorno 7300 morti nella città martire. È l'autunno del 1941. Pochi mesi dopo la dissoluzione del regno di Jugoslavia, la penisola balcanica è insorta contro l'occupante nazifascista. Alla rivolta partigiana i tedeschi rispondono facendo strage della popolazione civile.
di ANTONIO PITAMITZ
Il 20 ottobre 1941, sei mesi dopo l'invasione tedesca della Jugoslavia, nei due Ginnasi di Kragujevac (leggi Kragujevaz), la città serba posta nel centro della regione della Šumadija, le lezioni iniziano alle 8.30, come di consueto. Sono in programma quel giorno la sintassi della lingua serbocroata, matematica, la poesia di Goethe, la fisica. In una classe, un professore croato, un profugo fuggito dal regime fascista instaurato in Croazia da Ante Pavelic, sottolinea il valore della libertà. Poco lontano, un altro spiega l'opera di un poeta serbo del romanticismo risorgimentale. La mente rivolta alle secolari lotte sostenute dai serbi per la loro indipendenza e a quella presente che cresce irresistibilmente, anch'egli parla di libertà. La voce calma e profonda che illustra i versi del poeta: "La libertà è un nettare che inebria / Io la bevvi perché avevo sete", ne nasconde a fatica la tensione, che aleggia anche nell'aula, che grava su tutti, sulla cittadina, sui suoi abitanti, e che l'eco strozzata di fucilerie lontane da alcuni giorni alimenta.
Dal 13 ottobre 1941 Kragujevac e la sua regione sono teatro di una vasta azione di rappresaglia, che i tedeschi stanno conducendo con spietata decisione contemporaneamente anche nel resto della Serbia. La ferocia di cui essi in quei giorni danno prova ha una ragione specifica contingente. La rapida vittoria dell'Asse ha dissolto uno Stato, il regno dei Karadjordjevic, ma non ha prostrato i popoli della Jugoslavia. L'illusione tedesca di una comoda permanenza in quella terra è stata presto delusa. Sin dai primi giorni dell'occupazione, i tedeschi hanno avuto filo da torcere. La guerra, che anche in Šumadija i resistenti fanno, è senza quartiere. Sabotaggi sensazionali e diversioni in grande stile si registrano sin dal mese di maggio. Linee telefoniche e telegrafiche vengono tagliate, ponti e strade ferrate saltano. Il movimento di resistenza cresce così rapidamente, ben presto è così ampio che i tedeschi e le truppe collaborazioniste del quisling serbo Milan Nedic abbandonano il presidio dei villaggi. Gli invasori si sentono troppo esposti, isolati, preferiscono arroccarsi in città. La lotta contro i patrioti la organizzano dai centri urbani, e la conducono secondo il metro nazista che misura in tutti gli slavi una razza inferiore, da sterminare. La traduzione pratica di questo principio è all'altezza della fama che si guadagnano. A Belgrado, una moto incendiata della Wehrmacht vale la vita di 122 serbi. Solo nella capitale, in sette mesi fucilano 4700 ostaggi.
Incredibilmente, gli hitleriani ritengono di poter coprire con la propaganda questo pugno di ferro che calano sul paese. Le argomentazioni che diffondono sono quelle care alla "dottrina" nazifascista dell'Ordine Nuovo Europeo. Ai contadini serbi dicono di averli salvati dagli ebrei e dai capitalisti, e promettono anche di salvarli dal bolscevismo semita, che sta per essere sicuramente sconfitto sul fronte orientale.
L'itinerario di questa vittoria, a Kragujevac può essere seguito sulla grande carta geografica che campeggia nel centro della città. Una croce uncinata segna la progressione delle forze dell'Asse in direzione di Mosca. Però, come altrove, nemmeno a Kragujevac terrore, repressione, lusinghe, denaro fatto circolare per corrompere, valgono a indebolire il sostegno alla lotta partigiana, a ridurne il seguito. A dare contorni netti alla situazione, le risposte alla propaganda tedesca non mancano. La carta geografica dell'Asse viene bruciata in pieno giorno. Il fuoco divora anche una delle fabbriche militari della città. Un treno di quaranta vagoni viene distrutto sulla linea Kragujevac-Kraljevo, provocando la morte di cinquanta tedeschi. Da vincitori e occupanti, i tedeschi si trovano nella condizione di assediati.
È Kragujevac, città da sempre ribelle, che prende il suo nome da kraguj, dal rapace grifone che popolava i sui boschi, che alimenta la Resistenza della zona. È questa città di antiche tradizioni nazionali e socialiste che guida la lotta della Šumadija, il cuore della Serbia. Gli operai comunisti che costituiscono il nerbo delle formazioni partigiane vengono dal suo arsenale militare. Dalle sue case dai cento nascondigli, che hanno già ingannato turchi e austroungarici, escono le armi, le munizioni, il materiale sanitario, i libri che donne, bambini e ragazzi portano quotidianamente ai combattenti del bosco.
Per contenere la sua iniziativa, per fronteggiare questa lotta di bande, che è lotta di popolo e che sconvolge gli schemi bellici dei signori nazisti della guerra, già alla fine dell'agosto 1941 Kragujevac conta la guarnigione tedesca più forte di tutta la Serbia centrale. Ma i due battaglioni e i mezzi corazzati di cui i tedeschi dispongono non sono sufficienti ad arrestare lo slancio delle tre compagnie partigiane che operano fuori della città. Né tantomeno la Gestapo è in grado di bloccare i gruppi clandestini che si annidano dentro. La loro azione anzi si fa sempre più audace, punta sul risultato militare, ma ricerca anche l'effetto psicologico. Per i partigiani, importante è non soltanto colpire il nemico, ma aiutare anche i serbi oppressi a sperare, a vivere. Una notte d'agosto, cento metri di ferrovia vengono fatti saltare in città, proprio sotto il naso dei tedeschi.
È una sfida, che ha sapore di beffa. In questa situazione, la rabbia e il desiderio di vendetta dei tedeschi crescono quotidianamente. Quando nel settembre 1941, la ribellione guadagna tutta la Serbia, e conseguentemente mette radici ancora più profonde in Šumadija, il generale Boehme, comandante delle forze tedesche nel Paese, considera che la misura è colma. Il prestigio dei suoi soldati deve essere risollevato, una dura lezione deve essere somministrata ai serbi. Una spietata repressione, da condurre senza esitazione, è decisa. A rendere più chiara la direttiva che passa ai subalterni, e che precisa la "filosofia" del comando tedesco, Boehme ricorda che "una vita umana non vale nulla", e che perciò per intimidire bisogna ricorrere a una "crudeltà senza eguali". A metà settembre i tedeschi passano all'azione. La macchina si mette in moto.
Per un mese la Serbia centrale è trasformata in un campo di sterminio.
A decine villaggi grandi e piccoli sono bruciati, spesso, come a Novo Mesto o a Debrc, con dentro gli abitanti. I serbi muoiono a migliaia, uccisi, massacrati. A Šabac, il 26 settembre, sono 3000 gli uomini dai 14 ai 70 anni che rimangono vittime della razzia tedesca. Cinquecento muoiono durante una marcia fatta fare al passo di corsa per 46 chilometri. Gli altri sono fucilati. Una sorte analoga hanno, il 10 ottobre, a Valjevo, 2200 ostaggi: finiscono al muro. "Pagano" 10 tedeschi uccisi e 24 feriti. Cinque giorni dopo, il 15, è "sentenziata" la punizione di Kraljevo, un'altra città che resiste. I plotoni di esecuzione lavorano per cinque giorni, le vittime sono 5000. Sembra impossibile immaginare una strage ancora più grande. Eppure, l'allucinante escalation non ha toccato la sua punta di massimo orrore.
Lo farà a Kragujevac, e nel suo circondario. La "spedizione punitiva" comincia il 13 ottobre. Quel giorno, nel quartiere operaio di Kragujevac, i tedeschi prendono 30 uomini. Per 3 giorni se li trascinano dietro nella puntata che fanno contro il paese vicino, Gornji Milanovac. Affamati, percossi, costretti a rimuovere tronchi d'albero e a tirare fuori dal fango carri armati, adoperati come scudo contro i partigiani, sono testimoni della sorte del piccolo paese di pastori. Vivono un'agonia che ha fine solo con il grande massacro, nel quale scompaiono anche i 132 ostaggi di Gornji Milanovac. In quanto al paese, anche questo viene bruciato. I tedeschi saldano così un vecchio conto che avevano in sospeso. Anche per questa impresa però devono pagare uno scotto. Trentasei uomini vengono messi fuori combattimento dai partigiani, che attaccano senza sosta.
Di fronte a questo "smacco" la logica tedesca della ritorsione non tarda a scattare. Sarà Kragujevac a pagare, con la vita di 100 cittadini ogni tedesco morto, e con quella di 50 ogni tedesco ferito. Duemilatrecento persone sono condannate a morte.
La rappresaglia punta per primo sui "nemici storici" del Reich: comunisti e ebrei. Gli ebrei maschi, e un certo numero di comunisti, 66 persone in tutto, vengono arrestati sulla base delle liste che i collaborazionisti forniscono. Ma questo non basta. Il giorno successivo, il 19 ottobre, una massiccia operazione ha luogo nell'immediata periferia della città. Tre paesi, posti nel giro di tre chilometri, sono travolti della furia tedesca. Grošnica, Meckovac, Maršic bruciano, 423 uomini muoiono. A Meckovac, donne e bambini sono costretti ad assistere all'esecuzione. Lo stesso macabro rituale è imposto a Grošnica, dove si distinguono i Volontari Anticomunisti di Dimitrjie Ljotic. Il paese quel giorno celebra la festa del patrono. I fascisti serbi strappano il pope dall'altare con il vangelo ancora in mano, i fedeli vanno a morire stringendo i pani benedetti della comunione ortodossa. Vengono falciati tutti lì vicino, con le mitragliatrici. Così, intorno a Kragujevac si è fatto un cerchio di morte. La prova generale è compiuta. Ora si passa al "grande massacro".
L'azione inizia la mattina del 20 ottobre. Alle prime luci dell'alba, gli accessi a Kragujevac vengono bloccati. Mitragliatrici sono postate nei punti nevralgici. Nessuno può più uscire dalla città, nessuno può più entrarvi. Chi, ignorando il dispositivo, si avvicina, viene ucciso. È quanto accade a uno zingaro, che arriva dalla campagna, a un vecchio che in città muove verso il mercato. Agli ordini del maggiore Koenig, tedeschi e collaborazionisti aprono la caccia all'uomo. Nessuno sfugge, nessuno è "dimenticato". Il gruppo di operai che lavora tranquillamente a un torrente, i tre popi di una chiesa, che sperano di trovare la salvezza dietro le icone. I razziatori entrano a stanare ovunque. Gli impiegati sono portati fuori dal municipio; giudici, scrivani, pubblico, dal tribunale. Dalle abitazioni vengono tratti anche gli ammalati. Un barbiere è prelevato dal negozio insieme al suo cliente, che con altri disgraziati marcia verso il suo destino, una guancia insaponata, l'altra no.
Alle dieci i tedeschi irrompono anche nei due ginnasi. L'apparizione di quelle uniformi verdi armate di fucili e parabellum, infrange la normalità forzata che da tre giorni nelle due scuole vige. Il barone Bischofhausen, il comandante tedesco della piazza, il 17 ha minacciato presidi, professori e genitori di severe sanzioni se i ragazzi non frequentavano la scuola. Lo ha fatto ripetere anche per le vie della città, a suon di tamburo, dal banditore pubblico. Li vuole tutti in aula, sempre. L'ufficiale tedesco, che da civile è insegnante, combatte l'assenteismo degli studenti non certo perché mosso da passione pedagogica. Chiedendo che proprio per quel giorno 20 tutti siano presenti, egli fa apparire di voler esercitare un controllo; che però si trasforma in una trappola. In realtà, egli non dimentica che i ginnasiali di Kragujevac hanno manifestato sin dai primi giorni la più violenta opposizione all'occupante. Un giovane è finito impiccato dopo uno scontro con la polizia. Il barone sa pure che anche in quelle aule la Resistenza attinge, per alimentare i suoi "gruppi d'azione", i suoi propagandisti e sabotatori.
L'ispezione annunciata per quel giorno è arrivata. I registri chiesti dal barone sono pronti. Arrivando quella mattina a scuola, i ragazzi hanno cancellato i loro nomi dall'elenco. Precauzione inutile. Non c'è appello. I tedeschi entrano direttamente nelle aule, e rastrellano. Hinaus, fuori tutti quelli dai 16 anni in su. Anche il ragazzo invalido che si trascina con la stampella, per il quale invano una professoressa intercede. Anche la classe che il professore di tedesco tenta di salvare. Ai soldati che si affacciano, il professore dice, per rabbonirli, che stanno facendo lezione di tedesco. Mente. E mente una seconda volta quando gli chiedono quanti anni hanno i suoi ragazzi. Quindici dice. I tedeschi, convinti, fanno per andarsene. Ma in quel momento un alunno si alza dall'ultimo banco. È lo spilungone della classe. I tedeschi, dalla soglia si girano, capiscono, e sbattono fuori tutti.
I ginnasiali raggiungono le file dei razziati, i professori in testa. Con loro, ci sono anche Mile Novakovic, insegnante di chimica, celibe, e Djordje Stefanov, di letteratura croata, anche lui rifugiato in Serbia con la moglie e le due figlie per sfuggire ai fascisti della Croazia. Quel giorno i due professori non hanno lezione. Ma quando hanno visto che in città i tedeschi rastrellavano, certi che la scuola non sarebbe stata risparmiata, sono venuti lo stesso, per essere insieme ai loro ragazzi. Li vogliono seguire fino in fondo. Andranno insieme a loro alla fucilazione. Del corpo insegnante, solo le donne non sono razziate. Dalle finestre della scuola vedono sfilare i professori e gli alunni, e "cento berretti levarsi in segno di saluto". I ragazzi credono ancora che torneranno.
Pochi sono i fortunati che riescono a filtrare tra le maglie di quella immensa rete gettata sulla città. Chi vi riesce, va a unirsi ai partigiani. Avrà sicuramente qualcuno da vendicare. Gli altri, a migliaia, ingrossano le colonne che tutto il giorno scorrono per Kragujevac dirette ai luoghi di raccolta. I razziati sono quasi 10.000, su meno di 30.000 abitanti che conta la città. I tedeschi non hanno tralasciato nemmeno il carcere. Ultimi ad arrivare, quei detenuti sono, con comunisti ed ebrei, i primi ad essere fucilati.
Dai luoghi dove sono concentrati in attesa di conoscere la loro sorte, la sera di quel 20 ottobre i prigionieri sentono le prime scariche di fucileria. È l'avvio della grande carneficina. Contando sulla sorpresa, e sulla iniziale "distrazione" dei fucilatori, alcuni dei condannati riescono a salvarsi. Qualcuno fugge appena messo in riga. Altri, come Zivotjin Jovanovic, alla scarica si getta a terra anche se non è colpito, poi balza e corre. Viene ricatturato a un posto di blocco. Tenta di nuovo la fuga, e il suo guardiano gli spara a bruciapelo. Gli sfiora l'inguine. Poi dopo avergli dato il colpo di grazia nella spalla invece che in testa, lo lascia a terra credendolo morto. L'uomo striscia tutta la notte a palmo a palmo finché arriva alla casa di un amico. È soccorso, si crede in salvo. Arrivano i fascisti serbi, che lo riprendono. Dopo averlo picchiato decidono che, essendo ormai in fin di vita, tanto vale lasciarlo morire. Ma l'uomo non muore.
Altri ancora devono la vita alla fortuna, alla professione, al sangue freddo che riescono ad avere anche in un tale frangente. A mano a mano che inquadrano i gruppi per condurli alla fucilazione, i tedeschi fanno la selezione. Alcuni criteri non sono molto chiari. Risparmiano, per esempio, gli elettricisti, gli idraulici, i panettieri. Altri lo sono di più. Ai loro collaboratori fascisti concedono di tirare fuori i loro amici e parenti. In questo mercato i fascisti serbi sono generosi. Arrivano a offrire dei ragazzi di 10/12 anni in cambio dei loro protetti. Viene risparmiato anche chi è cittadino di un paese alleato dell'Asse. O che lo faccia credere. Escono romeni, ungheresi. Un dalmata si dichiara italiano. Forse lo è davvero, forse è solo un croato acculturato italiano, bilingue. Ma riesce a salvarsi, e a salvare il ragazzo che gli è accanto, affermando alla guardia, con la sua "autorità" di "alleato", che non ha ancora 16 anni. Un serbo, invece, mostra un certificato bulgaro qualunque, rilasciato dalle truppe di Sofia che occupano il suo Paese di origine, e viene messo da parte.
Non fa nulla invece per salvarsi Jovan Kalafatic, professore, insegnante di religione, che invece potrebbe. Tutti sanno che è un fascista convinto. A scuola sospettano anche che sia un delatore, che alcuni professori progressisti siano finiti in galera per opera sua. Basterebbe che dica chi è. Kalafatic invece tace. Tace anche quando passano i fascisti serbi per la "loro" selezione. Forse, nelle lunghe ore della tragedia passate con il suo popolo, deve aver capito la vera natura dell'Ordine Nuovo nel quale crede. Va, volontariamente, alla fucilazione con gli altri. Vanno volontari anche due vecchi genitori che non vogliono abbandonare i figli. Alla fucilazione vanno, divisi in due gruppi, anche i 300 studenti ginnasiali e i loro professori. Alla testa di un gruppo vi è il preside del ginnasio. L'altro gruppo marcia verso la morte in fila indiana, le mani sulle spalle, come dovessero danzare il kolo, la danza nazionale serba. Poi, cantano. Intonano "Hej Slaveni!", l'inno antico e comune a tutti gli slavi. Cadono cantando.
Il massacro dura a lungo. Su un fronte di morte lungo oltre dieci chilometri, fuori della città le armi crepitano fino alle 14 del giorno 21 ottobre. Settemilatrecento uomini di Kragujevac dai 16 ai 60 anni cadono divisi in 33 gruppi. Dovevano essere 2300. I tedeschi hanno più che triplicato il "coefficiente dichiarato" di rappresaglia. I graziati sono circa 3000. Molti di questi sopravvissuti rientreranno a piangere un morto. Kragujevac onora la memoria dei suoi fucilati il sabato successivo al massacro. Il rito ortodosso per il quale il sabato è il giorno dei morti, vuole anche che per ogni morto sia accesa una candela gialla e per ogni candela, cui si accompagna un pane che è da benedire con il vino santo, il pope reciti la parola dei defunti. I sacerdoti rimasti a Kragujevac sono solo due. Altri sette sono stati fucilati. Ma il rito deve essere compiuto. Mentre le donne piantano le candele, presentano i pani, gridano il nome del defunto, i due preti cantano l'antica preghiera della liturgia veteroslava. Dandosi il cambio pregano per ventiquattro ore, dalle sette alle sette.
Inutilmente i nazisti tentano poi di nascondere la verità sulla strage, alterando registri, imbrogliando le cifre, esumando e cremando cadaveri. Kragujevac ha fatto il "suo" appello. È la prova che Zivotjin Jovanovic, l'uomo sopravvissuto tre volte, porta ai giudici di Norimberga: "...Quell'ottobre del 1941 a Kragujevac furono esposte più di settemila bandiere nere... nella chiesa vennero presentati e benedet
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Italia: aggressore della Libia
Registrazione integrale degli interventi su www.marx21.it
Nota di Marx21.it
http://www.marx21.it/internazionale/pace-e-guerra/151-il-parlamento-dellunione-africana-i-libici-devono-decidere-il-loro-futuro.html
http://www.marx21.it/internazionale/pace-e-guerra/128-libia-documentario-di-rolando-segura.html
VIDEO: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Fb0ziJMs-s
Contre la banalisation et la normalisation de l’ingérence
Controverse sur la Libye : Pierre Lévy contre Ignacio Ramonet (23 septembre 2011)
http://www.medelu.org/Contre-la-banalisation-et-la#nb5
Chris Marsden, WSWS, 18 October 2011
Libyan patriots resist NATO-led forces in Sirte
U.S. Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta, formerly director of the CIA, said at a news conference at NATO headquarters on Oct. 6 that the nearly nine-month-old war against the North African state of Libya would continue until all vestiges of resistance on the part of the people were eliminated.
This means that the intensive bombing of civilian areas and the national infrastructure will not let up. More innocent people will die by the thousands in this oil-producing country.
The following day Panetta visited the U.S. Naval Air Station at Sigonella, Italy, which has served as a major launching point for more than 20,000 sorties and 9,000-plus air strikes carried out so far in the war. He stood in front of the Global Hawk, a sophisticated fighter aircraft that provides important surveillance and intelligence information from its flights over Libya.
This aircraft can fly 24-hour, high-altitude missions that capture and transmit photographs of what is taking place on the ground. Panetta boasted that the war on Libya will provide lessons for future military operations.
Resistance continues in Sirte
Meanwhile, the forces of the National Transitional Council, supported by the U.S. and NATO, have for a month been attempting to take both Bani Walid and Sirte, two strongholds of the loyalist forces still committed to defending the country against the imperialist onslaught. Since March 17 NATO has bombed the nation nonstop. Despite numerous attempts to seize both cities, the NTC forces have been repelled, suffering hundreds of casualties.
According to an Oct. 10 Associated Press report, “The inability to take Sirte, the most important remaining stronghold of Gadhafi supporters, more than six weeks after the capital fell, has stalled efforts by Libya’s new leaders to set a timeline for elections and move forward with a transition to democracy.”
The NTC and NATO have no mandate to wage war or rule Libya. This is reflected in the fierce fighting by the Libyan people against these foreign financed and armed elements, which are handing over the country’s oil, natural gas and waterways to their imperialist masters.
British Defense Secretary Liam Fox, who is consumed by charges of corruption in the scandal-ridden government of Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron, announced that even if the NATO-led forces took Sirte, the Western “military actions would continue as long as remnants of the regime pose a risk to the people of Libya.” (AP, Oct. 10)
The NTC launched a new offensive against Sirte on Oct. 7. Although the city has been under siege for weeks and NATO has extensively bombed targets inside and around the coastal town, including a major hospital, the putative leader of the NTC, Mustafa Abdul-Jalil, admitted on Oct. 10, “Our fighters today are still dealing with snipers positioned on the high buildings and we sustained heavy casualties.”
The imperialists view the capture of Sirte as key to their strategic objective of subduing Libya. Some 250 miles southeast of Tripoli, Sirte is considered essential in solidifying neocolonial control over Libya’s 6 million people because it lies at the center of the coastal plain containing most of the population.
Gadhafi calls for intensifying resistance
In an Oct. 6 audio message, broadcast over Syria’s Al-Rai television, Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi called for the escalation of both military and political opposition to the NTC and its NATO backers. He called for “new million-man marches in all cities and villages and oases” and described conditions in Libya as “unbearable” and the so-called NTC revolution as “a charade gaining its legitimacy through air strikes.”
Civilians who have fled Sirte since the siege and bombing say, “We didn’t know where the strikes were coming from. Everyone is being hit all day and all night.” (Reuters, Oct. 10)
The NATO-led attacks have created a humanitarian crisis. One family pointed out, “There is no electricity and no water. There is nothing. There is not one neighborhood that hasn’t been hit.” Nevertheless, the resistance to this military onslaught remains formidable.
Even the British press agency Reuters noted on Oct. 10 that “NTC forces have repeatedly claimed to be on the point of victory in Sirte, only to suffer sudden reversals at the hands of a tenacious enemy fighting for its life, surrounded on three sides and with its back to the sea. In just one field hospital to the east of the city, doctors said they had received 17 dead and 87 wounded in the fighting on Oct. 9. There were dozens more casualties elsewhere.”
NATO war seeks imperialist domination
NATO has refused to investigate the thousands of civilian deaths emanating from the atrocities committed by the NTC and the U.S. and European air strikes. In addition, an estimated $15 billion in property damage has been carried out against Libya thus far.
The imperialist countries have frozen $128 billion in Libyan assets accumulated during the period of Gadhafi’s leadership. The country reportedly owes no money to the International Monetary Fund or the World Bank. This distinguishes Libya from other African and developing states, which have been strangled by debt payments to the global financial institutions based in the West.
A delegation of World Bank and IMF officials is scheduled to visit the country amid infighting among the NTC leaders, who have consistently failed to create a provisional government. A recent plot to assassinate the military leader of the NTC shows the incapacity of this group to control the country without the continuing support and coordination of NATO.
Anti-war forces inside the NATO countries must step up their opposition to the war against Libya and expose through leaflets, broadcasts, mass demonstrations and petitions that this effort on the part of the imperialists is no different than what is taking place in Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen and Palestine. The U.S. and the other NATO countries, faced with a worsening economic crisis at home, are escalating their aggression against the oppressed nations.
Demonstrations and occupations by youth and workers inside the U.S. and Europe are growing, but greater efforts are needed to link the plight of the working class and the oppressed, both inside the imperialist states as well as in the most underdeveloped regions of the planet. It is only through this unity that the economic crisis can be effectively challenged by those who are the most severely impacted by the current stage in capitalist globalization.
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Syrte, ville martyre de l'OTAN
15 octobre 2011
Les autorités religieuses de Syrte (Libye) ont promulgué une fatwa autorisant les habitants survivants à manger les chiens et les chats.
Il y a près d’un mois 3 000 soldats et 80 000 civils ont été pris au piège : la ville est assiégée par les forces du Conseil national de transition encadrées par des officiers de la Coalition internationale et bombardée par l’OTAN.
Syrte n’est plus approvisionnée en nourriture. L’électricité et l’eau sont coupés. Les hôpitaux ne fonctionnent plus. La ville n’est plus que ruines.
Seuls 10 000 à 20 000 personnes auraient réussi à fuir la mort lors des interruptions des bombardements.
L’OTAN affirme intervenir en Libye pour protéger la population civile et vouloir continuer son action jusqu’à la reddition ou la mort de Mouammar Kadhafi. Pourtant, le siège et le bombardement par l’OTAN constituent des crimes de guerres au regard des normes internationales compte tenu du fait que la population civile en est la principale victime.
Ce drame est ignoré par les médias et les responsables politiques de la zone OTAN —y compris par les leaders français en campagne électorale présidentielle—. Un silence qui fait d’eux des complices.
Libia, scontri a Tripoli e Sirte resiste
Non sembra che il conflitto in Libia sia terminato. Né che il nuovo regime del Cnt, imposto con la forza della copertura aerea della Nato e la benedizione di Al Qaeda, sia così “popolare” e rappresentativo della volontà dei “civili”.
Ieri si è tornati a sentire sparatorie nelle strade di Tripoli, mentre la guerra a Sirte per il Cnt segna il passo. In mano ai “ribelli” dalla fine di agosto, ieri alcune decine di fedelissimi di Muammar Gheddafi sono riapparsi, armi alla mano. Negli scontri sono rimasti feriti otto uomini del Cnt, che erano corsi in forze con i pick-up armati nel quartiere di Abu Salim. E' salito a tre morti ed una trentina di feriti, secondo il Cnt, il bilancio dei combattimenti di ieri a Tripoli, nel quartiere di Abu Salim, tra fedelissimi di Gheddafi e forze del nuovo governo.
Il Cnt appare dunque ancora lontano dal controllo del paese, impantanato com'è a Sirte e costretto a guardarsi le spalle nella stessa Tripoli. A Sirte, città natale di Gheddafi, le forze del Cnt, costrette ieri ancora una volta a una “ritirata tattica” (la sesta o la settima, si sta perdendo il conto) sotto il fuoco dei fedelissimi del Colonnello, hanno ritentato l'assalto alle ultime ma fin qui insuperabili sacche di resistenza, localizzate nei quartieri «N.2» e «Dollar», dove dopo un mese e mezzo si combatte una guerra logorante casa per casa.
La guerra che il Cnt pensava fosse ormai in dirittura d'arrivo si sta complicando con il passare dei giorni a Sirte, dove si combatte una battaglia che avrà probabilmente un esito scontato, ma che ritarda la proclamazione della «vittoria totale», il momento in cui il vessillo nero-verde-rosso della "rivoluzione" sarà issato ovunque in una Libia senza Gheddafi.
Ma il Cnt si sta costruendo anche una solida fama da contafrottole.
«Hanno commesso un grave errore i dirigenti del Cnt che in questi giorni hanno diffuso notizie false sulla cattura dei figli di Muammar Gheddafi». È quanto ha affermato il numero due del Fronte di Salvezza libico, Mohammed Ali Abdullah, intervistato dalla tv satellitare 'al-Arabiya' per commentare le notizie contrastanti giunte da Sirte circa la cattura di Muttasim Gheddafi, poi smentite. «Credo che queste notizie false vengano fuori per l'inesperienza dei responsabili della comunicazione del Cnt e per la veemenza dei combattimenti - ha aggiunto - Non si rendono conto però che così perde di credibilità». Abdullah, che fa parte di una formazione tra le prime ad aver partecipato alla rivolta del 17 febbraio di Bengasi, ha ricordato come «già lo scorso mese una situazione analoga l'abbiamo vissuta con l'annuncio della cattura di Seif al-Islam Gheddafi a Bani Walid, smentita dopo un giorno. Ieri è accaduto lo stesso con Muttasim e poche settimane fa lo stesso con il portavoce di Gheddafi, Moussa Ibrahim».
da Contropiano 16/10/2011
IL REPORTAGE. LA POPOLAZIONE D' ORIGINE AFRICANA È ACCUSATA DI AVER COMBATTUTO PER GHEDDAFI. E DEI 40 MILA ABITANTI SOLO POCHISSIMI SONO RIMASTI
Incendi, terrore, caccia all' uomo. La città dei neri non esiste più
A Tawargha, in Libia, teatro della vendetta dei ribelli sui «mercenari». Pulizia etnica Nonostante le promesse del nuovo governo, qui ci sono stati abusi e deportazioni di massa Un insorto «Uccidere i nemici negri che stavano con il Raìs è giusto. Se fossi in loro scapperei subito verso Sud. Qui non hanno più nulla da fare, se non morire»
TAWARGHA - Le palazzine bruciano piano. Un lavoro metodico, svolto senza fretta. Quelle che non si incendiano subito restano dimenticate per qualche giorno: porte e finestre sfondate, tracce di fumo sui muri, stracci di vestiti e schegge di mobili sparsi attorno. Poi gli attivisti della rivoluzione tornano ad appiccare il fuoco aiutandosi con la benzina ed il risultato è assicurato. Nei viottoli sporchi sono abbandonati alla loro sorte cani, galline, conigli, muli, pecore, mucche. Ogni tanto giunge una vettura dalla carrozzeria dipinta con i simboli del fronte anti-Gheddafi e si porta via gli animali. Gli orti sono secchi, è dai primi di agosto che nessuno si occupa di irrigarli. A parte il crepitare sommesso degli incendi, il silenzio regna sovrano. Una calma immobile, minacciosa, inquietante, spaventosa. Un benzinaio sulla provinciale poco lontano ci ha detto che non sarebbe difficile trovare la terra smossa delle fosse comuni. Ma è pericoloso, le pattuglie della guerriglia non amano curiosi da queste parti. Sono le immagini della pulizia etnica di Tawargha, piccola cittadina una trentina di chilometri a sud-est di Misurata. Ricordano i villaggi vuoti della ex-Jugoslavia negli anni Novanta. L' episodio che con maggior forza due giorni fa ci ha trasmesso la gravità immanente dei crimini consumati in questa zona è stato l' incontro con quattro ragazzi della «Qatiba Namr», una delle brigate di Misurata nota per le doti di coraggio e resistenza dimostrati al tempo dell' assedio delle milizie scelte di Gheddafi contro la «città martire della rivoluzione» in primavera. «Qui vivevano solo neri. Negri stranieri. Nemici dalla pelle scura che stavano con Gheddafi. Ucciderli è giusto. Se fossi in loro scapperei subito verso sud, in Africa. Qui non hanno più nulla da fare, se non morire», affermano sprezzanti. Viaggiano su di una Toyota dalla carrozzeria coperta di fango. Sono tutti armati di Kalashnikov. Portano scarpe da tennis, magliette scure e blu jeans. Dicono di avere diciannove anni, ma potrebbero essere anche più giovani. Brufoli e sguardo di sfida, con il dito sul grilletto si sentono padroni del mondo. «Siamo venuti ad assicurarci che nessun cane nero cerchi di tornare. Devono sapere che non hanno futuro in Libia», sbotta quello che sta al volante. Sostiene di chiamarsi Mustafa Akil, però non vuole essere fotografato, così neppure gli altri. A Tawargha ci siamo arrivati quasi per caso. Tornando da Sirte verso Tripoli, giunti poco prima delle periferie orientali di Misurata, è stato impossibile non vedere le colonne di fumo degli incendi. Sono almeno una ventina. Si nota in particolare una palazzina a cinque piani divorata dalle fiamme rosse che si allungano dai balconi. Nel parcheggio sottostante sono fermi almeno cinque pick up delle forze della rivoluzione. Ci avviciniamo. Ma i miliziani ordinano di restare lontani. «C' erano circa 40.000 negri. Sono partiti tutti. Tawargha non esiste più. Ora c' è solo Misurata», si limita a ripetere uno di loro, barba fluente e occhiali neri. Sui cartelli stradali il nome della città è stato cancellato con vernice bianca, al suo posto è scritto quello di «Nuova Tommina», un villaggio delle vicinanze che era stato attaccato dai lealisti in aprile. La storia non è nuova. Le cronache della resa delle truppe fedeli al Colonnello a Tawargha contro le colonne dei ribelli di Misurata sostenuti dai bombardamenti Nato era arrivata il 13 agosto. E quasi subito Amnesty International e altre organizzazioni per la difesa dei diritti umani avevano denunciato massacri, abusi di ogni tipo e soprattutto deportazioni di massa. Unica scusa addotta dai ribelli era stata che proprio gli abitanti di Tawargha erano stati tra i più crudeli «mercenari africani» nelle file nemiche. Ma poi le cronache della caduta di Tripoli e gli sviluppi seguenti avevano preso il sopravvento. Il 18 settembre un inviato del Wall Street Journal citava il presidente del Consiglio Nazionale Transitorio, Mustafa Abdel Jalil, che dava il suo placet alla totale distruzione della cittadina. «Il fato di Tawargha è nelle mani della gente di Misurata», sosteneva Jalil, giustificando così appieno i crimini di guerra. La novità verificata sul campo è però che la pulizia etnica continua. Nonostante le rassicurazioni contro ogni politica razzista e in difesa delle minoranze nere in Libia fornite a più riprese alla comunità internazionale dai dirigenti della rivoluzione, a Tawargha si sta portando a termine del tutto indisturbati ciò che era iniziato ad agosto. I muri delle case devastate sono imbrattati di slogan freschi contro i «murtazaka», come qui chiamano i «mercenari» pagati dalla dittatura di Gheddafi. Sono firmati in certi casi dalle «brigate per la punizione degli schiavi neri» e trasudano il razzismo più virulento. In verità, molti degli abitanti nella regione di Tawargha sono discendenti delle vittime delle razzie a caccia di schiavi organizzate in larga scala dai mercanti arabi della costa per secoli sino alla metà dell' Ottocento nel cuore dell' Africa sub-sahariana. Libici a tutti gli effetti, figli di libici, sono ora tra le vittime più deboli del caos e delle incertezze in cui è scivolato il Paese. Nessuno conosce ancora le cifre dei loro morti e feriti. Le nuove autorità di Tripoli non rendono noti i numeri dei prigionieri. E quando la fanno sono spesso contradditori e impossibili da verificare. Di tanto in tanto si viene a conoscenza di ex abitanti di Tawargha arrestati nei campi profughi e nei quartieri poveri attorno a Tripoli. Le voci di violenze carnali contro le donne sono ricorrenti. Molti giovani sarebbero ora tra i combattenti irriducibili negli assedi di Sirte e a Bani Walid. Altri sarebbero riusciti ad unirsi ai Tuareg nel deserto verso Sabha. Sono motivati dalla consapevolezza che la «caccia al negro» non si ferma. Due giorni fa, durante gli scontri a Tripoli tra milizie della rivoluzione e sostenitori di Gheddafi, i primi ad essere arrestati erano i passanti di pelle nera. Lorenzo Cremonesi RIPRODUZIONE RISERVATA **** I «neri» La minoranza Presente da sempre in Libia, la popolazione nera è cresciuta nell' era Gheddafi con le migrazioni di migliaia di persone in cerca di lavoro dai vicini Stati subsahariani I mercenari Usati dal colonnello come soldati lealisti, sono oggi vittime delle ritorsioni dei ribelli
Cremonesi Lorenzo
Pagina 19
(16 ottobre 2011) - Corriere della Sera
Guerre benedette
Manlio Dinucci (il manifesto, 4 ottobre 2011)
Mons. Vincenzo Pelvi, arcivescovo ordinario militare e direttore della rivista dell’Ordinariato «Bonus Miles Christi» (il Buon Soldato di Cristo), prova «amarezza e disagio» di fronte a «chi invoca lo scioglimento degli eserciti, l’obiezione contro le spese militari». Questi miscredenti non capiscono che «il mondo militare contribuisce a edificare una cultura di responsabilità globale, che ha la radice nella legge naturale e trova il suo ultimo fondamento nell’unità del genere umano». Dall’Afghanistan alla Libia, «l’Italia, con i suoi soldati, continua a fare la sua parte per promuovere stabilità, disarmo, sviluppo e sostenere ovunque la causa dei diritti umani». Il militare svolge così «un servizio a vantaggio di tutto l’uomo e di ogni uomo, diventando protagonista di un grande movimento di carità nel proprio paese come in altre nazioni» (Avvenire, 2 giugno 2011). Mons. Pelvi prosegue così la tradizione storica delle gerarchie ecclesiastiche di benedire gli eserciti e le guerre. Un secolo fa, nel 1911, nella chiesa pisana di S. Stefano dei Cavalieri, addobbata di bandiere strappate ai turchi nel Cinquecento, il cardinale Maffi esortava i fanti italiani, in partenza per la guerra di Libia, a «incrociare le baionette con le scimitarre» per portare nella chiesa «altre bandiere sorelle» e in tal modo «redimere l’Italia, la terra nostra, di novelle glorie». E il 2 ottobre 1935, mentre Mussolini annunciava la guerra di Etiopia, Mons. Cazzani, vescovo di Cremona, dichiarava nella sua pastorale: «Veri cristiani, preghiamo per quel povero popolo di Etiopia, perché si persuada di aprire le sue porte al progresso dell’umanità, e di concedere le terre, ch’egli non sa e non può rendere fruttifere, alle braccia esuberanti di un altro popolo più numeroso e più avanzato». Il 28 ottobre, celebrando nel Duomo di Milano il 13° anniversario della marcia su Roma, il cardinale Schuster esortava: «Cooperiamo con Dio, in questa missione nazionale e cattolica di bene, nel momento in cui, sui campi di Etiopia, il vessillo d’Italia reca in trionfo la Croce di Cristo, spezza le catene agli schiavi. Invochiamo la benedizione e protezione del Signore sul nostro incomparabile Condottiero». L’8 novembre, Mons. Valeri, arcivescovo di Brindisi e Ostumi, spiegava nella sua pastorale: «L’Italia non domandava che un po’ di spazio per i suoi figli, aumentati meravigliosamente da formare una grande Nazione di oltre 45 milioni di abitanti, e lo domandava a un popolo cinque volte meno numeroso del nostro e che detiene, non si sa perché e con quale diritto, un’estensione di territorio quattro volte più grande dell’Italia senza che sappia sfruttare i tesori di cui lo ha arricchito la Provvidenza a vantaggio dell’uomo. Per molti anni si pazientò, sopportando aggressioni e soprusi, e quando, non potendone più, ricorremmo al diritto delle armi, fummo giudicati aggressori». Nel solco di questa tradizione, don Vincenzo Caiazzo – che ha la sua parrocchia sulla portaerei Garibaldi, dove celebra la messa nell’hangar dei caccia che bombardano la Libia – assicura che «l’Italia sta proteggendo i diritti umani e dei popoli, per questo siamo in mezzo al mare» (Oggi, 29 giugno 2011). «I valori militari – spiega –vanno a braccetto con i valori cristiani». Povero Cristo.
Italia: aggressore della Libia
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Figures for the number of wounded vary, but hospital officials say at least six Serb protesters and four NATO soldiers were injured. The Alliance's representative in Kosovo, Kai Gudenoge, said Serb protesters threw pipe bombs at troops stationed along the border between Serbia and Kosovo. One soldier had to be evacuated for treatment due to the gravity of his injuries. Three others are being treated locally.
According to Serbian-Canadian documentary filmmaker Boris Malagursky, KFOR's efforts did not stop with rubber bullets and tear gas.
"At the moment, German KFOR soldiers are putting barbed wire around entire Serbian communities, turning them essentially into ghettos," Malagursky told RT. "And the last time we saw German soldiers setting up barbed wire was during the World War II."
"NATO is not really contributing to the peaceful resolution of the problem," Malagursky argued. "They are simply pushing ahead with their interests in North Kosovo, which are mainly economic, while the Serbs are pushed to accept everything the international community thinks is important in regard to Kosovo."
The conflict resulted in the death of a policeman. Now, neither side wants to take action for fear it could once again ignite tension.
Kosovo broke away from Serbia in 2008 with the support of the US and some EU countries. But Serbia and northern parts of Kosovo, as well as Russia, China and some other states, do not recognize its mandate.
KOSOVO: NUEVOS CHOQUES ENTRE SERBIOS Y TROPAS DE OTAN
En la región de Kosovo se han registrado nuevos enfrentamientos entre la población serbia y las fuerzas de la OTAN.
Según oficiales de la OTAN, los militares utilizaron gases lacrimógenos y balas de goma contra los manifestantes. Los disturbios dejaron cuatro soldados y siete civiles heridos.
Los choques tuvieron lugar después de que las tropas internacionales intentaron desmantelar las barricadas que levantaron los serbios de Kosovo cerca de un puesto de control.
El cineasta serbio Boris Malagurski señala que se trata de una lucha de los locales por sus vidas ya que no tienen otra opción y no descarta una nueva ola de violencia.
"Se observa una escalada de tensión en la situación en Kosovo, con los soldados alemanes de la fuerza internacional de la OTAN tratando de aislar a la comunidad y convertirla en una especie de gueto. En este mundo unipolar los serbios esperan que alguien llegue a su rescate, porque en la actualidad la Alianza no contribuye realmente a la resolución del problema. Simplemente abre el camino a sus intereses, principalmente económicos, en Kosovo del Norte", asegura Malagurski.
Compiled and edited by Rick Rozoff
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/crj-mailinglist/message/7119
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/crj-mailinglist/message/7151
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/crj-mailinglist/message/7157
ADN Kronos International - September 27, 2011
Kosovo: NATO removes roadblocks, Serbs erect new ones as tensions rise
Belgrade: Nato forces stationed in Kosovo began removing barricades in northern Kosovo overnight and local Serbs erected new ones as tensions flared again Tuesday at one of two border crossings at the centre of a two-month-old dispute.
Nato's KFOR force used teargas to disperse local Serbs holding a vigil at the roadblocks and arrested several people at the Jarinje border crossing with Serbia. One man had to be treated in hospital for his injuries, Serbian media reported.
The crisis broke out two months ago when Kosovo's ethnic Albanian dominated government sent special police and customs officers to take over two border crossings with Serbia, Brnjak and Jarinje, amid a trade dispute.
Belgrade opposes Kosovo's independence, declared by majority Albanians in 2008 and local Serbs, who form the majority of the population in the north, don’t recognise Pristina's authority and object to Kosovo police and customs officers being placed at border crossings with Serbia.
A local Serb leader Branko Ninic said KFOR blocked all local roads in the north, cutting off several villages and making it impossible for people to reach work and children to go to school. Serbian television said the situation was tense with sirens sounding in the northern town of Leposavic early Tuesday and local Serbs massing at the disputed border crossings.
Ninic described KFOR's action as “another provocation” ahead of a new round of European Union-sponsored talks between Belgrade and Pristina which were due to resume in Brussels on Tuesday.
Belgrade has accused KFOR and the EU mission in Kosovo (EULEX) of siding with majority Albanians and of overstepping its “status neutral mandate” as defined by the United Nations Security Council.
Pristina and Belgrade negotiators reached an agreement on customs seals to be used on border crossings with Serbia, but the two sides failed to reconcile their differing interpretations of who should control the crossings.
The crisis broke out in late July when Kosovo prime minister Hashim Thaci controversially sent special police to Kosovo take over two northern border crossings with Serbia from KFOR and European Union police.
Kosovo police seized the border crossings to enforce a ban on imports from Serbia. Kosovo's government imposed the ban in July in retaliation for Serbia's blocking of Kosovo imports.
Serbia is expecting to become an official candidate for EU membership in October, but EU officials have said it must first establish “good neighbourly relations” with Kosovo and resolve the crisis in the Serb-populated north.
Kosovo's independence has been recognised by more than eighty countries, including the United States and 22 out of 27 EU members so far.
http://blogs.voanews.com/breaking-news/2011/09/27/4-nato-peacekeepers-wounded-in-kosovo-border-fight/
Voice of America News - September 27, 2011
4 NATO Peacekeepers Wounded in Kosovo Border Fight
Four NATO peacekeepers have been wounded in a fight at a Kosovo-Serbia border crossing after weeks of tensions in the region.
Seven Serbs were also hurt in Tuesday's violence, which erupted when international forces began taking down Serb barricades at the disputed border point. Witnesses say NATO troops fired rubber bullets...at Kosovo Serbs, who threw stones toward the soldiers at the checkpoint.
Earlier this month, ethnic Serbs in northern Kosovo blocked roads leading to the border to protest a decision to put Kosovo customs officials at the crossing points in Brnjak and Jarinje.
Pristina, with the support of the [NATO] peacekeepers and the European Union, has moved to extend its government control in northern Kosovo. Ethnic Serbs in that area have refused to recognize Kosovo's 2008 declaration of independence.
Belgrade considers Kosovo a part of Serbia and says it will not support the presence of Kosovo officials at the border crossings.
...
Voice of Russia/Russian Information Agency Novosti - Septembre 27, 2011
Lavrov urges compliance with UN resolution on Kosovo
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has called on the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR) to strictly abide by UN Security Council resolution 1244.
Meeting his Serbian counterpart Vuk Jeremic in New York, Mr. Lavrov cautioned against moves fraught with further destabilization on the administrative border between Serbia and Kosovo.
Tension broke out in the middle of this month after the ethnic Albanian authorities of Kosovo deployed their customs and police officers at the Jarinje and Brnjak border crossings with the assistance of KFOR servicemen despite fierce protests from local Serbs.
---
http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2011&mm=09&dd=27&nav_id=76572
Beta News Agency/Tanjug News Agency/B92 - September 27, 2011
KFOR fires at Serbs, seven injured
KOSOVSKA MITROVICA: Kosovska Mitrovica Health Center Director Milan Jakovljević says seven persons who were injured at the Jarinje checkpoint earlier today have been hospitalized.
According to him, six persons sustained serious injuries from live rounds and one person has been taken to the ophthalmology ward due to eye problems caused by tear gas.
“Nobody is in a life-threatening condition so far,” Jakovljević stressed.
...
Jakovljević added that shots had also been fired at the ambulance but that the medical team that had been giving medical attention to the injured Serbs had not been injured.
...
KFOR troops threw flash bombs and tear gas and fired rubber bullets at local Serbs who gathered at the Jarinje checkpoint around 13:00 CET.
U.S. KFOR troops used tear gas early on Tuesday to disperse Serbs and remove a barricade from an alternative road that leads from Jarinje to central Serbia.
Local Serbs, who spent the night at the barricades, told Beta news agency earlier on Tuesday that the troops had been brutal, that they had used tear gas and that they tied up young men who had been present.
One of them received medical attention at the Raška hospital. Four Serbs have been arrested and later released. The U.S. troops threaten to shoot anyone who comes close to the barbed wire at the Jarinje administrative checkpoint.
KFOR troops removed the barricades made of dirt and gravel.
They have also announced that starting from Tuesday morning they will arrest anyone who uses the alternative road around Jarinje. German troops arrested and soon after released two people at the alternative road around 7:00 CET on Tuesday.
An incident broke out around 10:30 CET when several citizens threw rocks at KFOR troops who responded by using tear gas. The clash quickly ended when Leposavić Mayor Branko Ninić called on the citizens to remain calm and to peacefully fight for their legitimate requests.
The night was peaceful at the other barricades in northern Kosovo.
KFOR removed a sand barricade from Jarinje last night, but Serbs who came to the administrative checkpoint in great numbers managed to set up a new barricade on the main road leading to Rudnica and kept watch at an alternative road that connects this part of Kosovo with central Serbia.
http://en.trend.az/regions/world/europe/1937542.html
Deutsche Presse-Agentur - September 28, 2011
Belgrade breaks off talks with Kosovo to protest violence
Serbia on Tuesday broke off talks held with Kosovo under European Union auspices to protest an operation by NATO peacekeepers in Kosovo against Serbs blocking a contested border, DPA reported.
"For the time being, the priority is the situation at border crossings, and for us no other topic exists," Serbia's chief negotiator, Borko Stefanovic, was quoted by Belgrade media as saying.
"I think in this situation it is unrealistic to talk about energy, telecommunications and regional initiatives," he said in Brussels, where he was meeting with EU mediator Robert Cooper and US representative Philip Reeker.
The seventh round since March of EU-facilitated talks between Serbia and Kosovo to resolve issues stemming from Kosovo's secession were scheduled without the disputed border crossings on the agenda.
The EU has set progress in the talks as a crucial condition for Serbia to be formally recognized as an EU membership candidate already this year. Belgrade officials had hoped that a date for the start of accession talks would be set at the same time.
The negotiations were already interrupted in July, when Serbia refused to lift a de-facto trade embargo on Kosovo goods.
That escalated into a trade war and tensions in northern Kosovo, when Pristina attempted to take control of border crossings in the north, one of few areas where Serbs outnumber ethnic Albanians.
Tensions in the area again erupted into violence on Tuesday, when NATO peacekeepers (KFOR) moved to dismantle roadblocks that the Serbs erected in their enclave in protest at their loss of control over the borders in mid-September.
KFOR sealed several "alternate" routes, which the Serbs had opened toward Serbia proper to circumvent controls at the official border crossings.
At least four peacekeepers and seven demonstrators were injured in clashes.
http://en.ria.ru/russia/20110928/167220907.html
Russian Information Agency Novosti - September 28, 2011
Russia 'disappointed' with NATO's reluctance to discuss Kosovo
BRUSSELS: Russia is upset by NATO's unwillingness to discuss the situation in Kosovo at NATO-Russia Council sessions, Russia's NATO envoy said on Wednesday.
"Russia's permanent mission to NATO is disappointed with the reluctance of its partners to discuss the situation in Kosovo at the NATO-Russia Council," Dmitry Rogozin said in an interview with RIA Novosti.
Moscow regards the Kosovo problem as a "serious destabilizing factor in the Balkans situation, which directly affects European security," he said.
Four NATO troops and six Serb protesters were wounded in fresh violence on the disputed Serbia-Kosovo border on Tuesday.
...
Voice of Russia/Itar-Tass - September 28, 2011
KFOR attacks Kosovo Serbs
Representatives of the Serbian community in Macedonia are indignant at the groundless attack of the KFOR international security force in Kosovo against Kosovo Serbs, Ivan Stoilkovic, leader of the Democratic Party of Serbs in Macedonia, declared to the ITAR-TASS news agency on Wednesday.
“According to its status, KFOR is to remain neutral and protect citizens rather than get into conflicts with them,” he pointed out. “There can be no excuse for the outrageous behaviour of KFOR servicemen who tried to cold-bloodedly kill people only for being Serbian.”
The clash occurred at the security check-point on the administrative border between Serbia and the self-proclaimed republic. The Serbs were protesting against the Kosovo administration establishing control over the security check-point.
RT - September 28, 2011
NATO provoking another conflict in Balkans - Rogozin
The NATO peacekeeping force KFOR has sent more troops to the Serbian-Kosovo border following bloody clashes there. But as Russia’s envoy to NATO Dmitry Rogozin told RT, the alliance is creating a new conflict in the region.
"It's another mistake that NATO is making by provoking another conflict in the Balkans,” Dmitry Rogozin said.
According to witnesses, KFOR has deployed armored vehicles, sandbags and barbed wire around the Jarinje border crossing, about 100 km (60 miles) from Kosovo's capital, Pristina, on Wednesday.
“It seems my NATO colleagues don't have a clue what the consequences of their involvement in the conflict could be,” Dmitry Rogozin said. “Instead of taking a neutral position in accordance with the UN Security Council resolution, they took the side of Kosovo-Albania. Basically, NATO is blocking the only road of life between the Kosovan Serbs and Serbia. It's the international peacekeepers who are involved in the civil conflict in the north of the region.”
NATO reinforced the border a day after clashes which left 16 Kosovo Serbs and four KFOR members injured.
Milan Jakovljević, the director of Kosovska Mitrovica Health Center, said six people sustained serious injuries from live rounds and one person had been taken to the ophthalmology ward due to eye problems caused by tear-gas, Serbian radio and television broadcaster B92 reported.
Both sides blame each other for starting the violence, in which rubber bullets and tear-gas were used by NATO forces.
It is believed the clashes took place when alliance peacekeeping forces tried to dismantle a roadblock set up by Serbs. NATO’s spokesperson insists that KFOR troops had fired on Serb protesters in the Mitrovica region in response to an attack by the crowd.
Meanwhile, according to Rogozin, NATO does not want to discuss the situation in Kosovo or to investigate the latest bloody accident.
“They are hiding behind formal phrases that mean nothing,” he said.
“We are witnessing outright lies about what kinds of measures have been used against the civilian population in Kosovo. We have been told that only rubber bullets and tear-gas were used. But according to the information from the hospital, all the injured have gunshot wounds. And physicians from Mitrovica complained about the bombardment of ambulances, which were transporting the wounded from the conflict zone," Rogozin told Interfax news agency.
Russia has demanded that NATO creates a commission to investigate what happened in the region.
“I have just asked for an objective investigation into what the so-called NATO peacekeepers are doing in Kosovo. But they just ignored my question,” Rogozin said. “If NATO is concerned about its reputation they should stop this immediately, become neutral again, and investigate the crimes that have taken place against the civilians in northern Kosovo,” he added.
He stressed that Russia would support and protect civilians, and would also protect decisions made by the UN Security Council.
“If they took away their newly sent force from the borders between the northern Kosovo and the rest of Serbia, then yes, I do think that the region would go back to being peaceful,” John Laughland told RT.
http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/09/28/56888906.html
Voice of Russia - September 28, 2011
Russia calls for discussion on Kosovo
Russia hopes the NATO contingent in Kosovo will prevent separatist violence against the Kosovo Serbs.
The Russian NATO Ambassador was speaking about this Wednesday after the Alliance refused to discuss regional instability from the Kosovo crisis on its joint council with Russia.
Two weeks ago, there were clashes and casualties after the separatist authorities seized two crossing points from Serb-populated northern Kosovo to southern Serbia.
KFOR attacks Kosovo Serbs
Representatives of the Serbian community in Macedonia are indignant at the groundless attack of the KFOR international security force in Kosovo against Kosovo Serbs, Ivan Stoilkovic, leader of the Democratic Party of Serbs in Macedonia, declared to the ITAR-TASS news agency on Wednesday.
“According to its status, KFOR is to remain neutral and protect citizens rather than get into conflicts with them," he pointed out. "There can be no excuse for the outrageous behaviour of KFOR servicemen who tried to cold-bloodedly kill people only for being Serbian.”
The clash occurred at the security check-point on the administrative border between Serbia and the self-proclaimed republic. The Serbs were protesting against the Kosovo administration establishing control over the security check-point.
The UN Security Council will meet to discuss the Kosovo issue over clashes between KFOR troops and Serbian forces.
The UN press-service says the session will be held behind closed doors.
http://www.itar-tass.com/en/c32/235813.html
Itar-Tass - September 28, 2011
Ambassador demands investigation of NATO’s firing at Kosovan Serbs
BRUSSELS: Russia’s ambassador to NATO, Dmitry Rogozin has issued a demand that NATO officials investigate the incident, in which NATO forces opened fire at Kosovan Serbs near the Jarinje check-post in Kosovo.
He wrote about his demand at his Twitter microblog.
“I’ve demand an investigation of the fact of fire by NATO servicemen at Kosovan Serbs, who protested against the blocking of the administrative border between Kosovo and Serbia,” Rogozin said.
“What I’ve heard in response is apologies only,” he said. “Irresponsibility of this sort leads to a war.”
Earlier, a demand to investigate the incident was made by Serbia’s President Boris Tadic, who had a telephone conversation with NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen.
Tuesday, KFOR servicemen made an attempt to pull down the barricades that the Kosovan Serbs had put up in front of the Jarinje check-post. They opened fire with rubber bullets and used teargas after the Serbs had thrown several stones at them.
In retaliation, the Serbs hurled a few improvised bombs at the troops.
The incident left four KFOR soldiers and seven Serbs wounded.
http://www.focus-fen.net/index.php?id=n260507
Focus News Agency - September 29, 2011
US condemns violence in Kosovo
Washington: The United States on Wednesday condemned what it called a "violent attack by a Serb mob" against NATO peacekeepers at a checkpoint in northern Kosovo, calling for calm from Pristina and Belgrade, AFP reported.
The State Department said that nine members of the alliance's KFOR peacekeeping force were injured in Tuesday's incident on the disputed border. An earlier toll said four peacekeepers were hurt.
"The United States condemns the violent attack by a Serb mob against the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR) on September 27th," it said in a statement.
"We encourage the governments of Kosovo and Serbia to remain committed to the EU-facilitated dialogue process, to encourage calm, and to find agreements that improve the lives of the ordinary citizens in both countries," it said.
Those talks - the latest round in a six-month bid by the European Union to help settle friction between the two neighbors - were shelved on Wednesday.
http://en.rian.ru/world/20110929/167243844.html
Russian Information Agency Novosti - September 29, 2011
UN Security Council fails to agree on Northern Kosovo
SARAJEVO: Member states of the UN Security Council failed to find a common approach to the situation in Northern Kosovo, the Belgrade-based Tanjug news agency said on Thursday.
At Russia's request, the Security Council gathered for emergency consultations in New York late on Wednesday to discuss the recent flare-up of tension in Kosovo.
Four NATO soldiers and seven Serb protesters were wounded on Tuesday in clashes between locals and the military at the disputed Kosovo northern border crossing with Serbia known as Jarinje. The incident disrupted a regular round of consultations between Belgrade and Pristina.
"Most UN Security Council members showed they understood the severity of the situation [in Kosovo]," diplomatic sources told Tanjug.
Western countries in the UN Security Council believe the situation in northern Kosovo is under control, and the EULEX and KFOR security forces are acting in line with their UN mandate. They said the Kosovo issue should be solved only through dialog with the mediation of the European Union.
The United States condemned the incident, describing it as a "violent attack by a Serb mob," and called on all the sides to remain calm and resume dialog.
The Russian Foreign Ministry expressed concern about the rising tensions in Kosovo, saying that "indulging the Kosovo-Albanian side promotes the growth of its aggression, its unwillingness to seek compromise solutions and to consider the legitimate interests of all ethnic groups living in Kosovo."
The ministry also reiterated its appeal to the international presence to "strictly stick to the principle of neutrality status."
Serbian Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremic met with his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov in New York on the sidelines of the 66th UN General Assembly in New York and provided him with all information about the border incident, the BETA news agency said.
---
http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2011&mm=09&dd=29&nav_id=76609
Tanjug News Agency - September 29, 2011
Security Council again without common stance on Kosovo
NEW YORK: The UN Security Council finished consultations late Wednesday without a common stance on the situation in northern Kosovo, Tanjug has learned.
In the closed-doors meeting held at Russia’s request, Western countries reiterated their earlier position that the problems in northern Kosovo could only be solved through dialogue, with the mediation of the EU, said the sources.
Western countries in the UN Security Council believe the situation in northern Kosovo is under control, and EULEX and KFOR are acting in line with the mandate given to them by the UN.
Most UN Security Council members showed they understood the severity of the situation in the Serbian province, the sources said.
The consultations were held at the request of Russia, which expressed concern Tuesday over the violence against the Serb population permitted by the international KFOR troops, at the same time urging KFOR and EULEX to remain strictly status-neutral.
The consultations followed a confrontation which erupted Tuesday at the Jarinje administrative crossing between KFOR troops and local Serbs, in which 11 people were wounded - seven Serbs and four KFOR members.
http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2011&mm=09&dd=29&nav_id=76616
B92 - September 29, 2011
KFOR starts demolishing alternative road
KOSOVSKA MITROVICA: KFOR troops exited their base at the Jarinje checkpoint and blocked the road with two armored cars on Thursday.
They have started demolishing an alternative Kosovska Mitrovica-Raška road with dredgers.
The two KFOR armored vehicles are parked only several hundred meters from the Jarinje checkpoint, a B92 reporter has said.
The situation in Kosovo is otherwise peaceful. Serbs reinforced a barricade in Kosovska Mitrovica last night.
Kosovo police arrested a Serb under suspicion of taking part in an incident in Kosovska Mitrovica yesterday, when three persons were injured, Kosovo police Spokesman Besim Hoti.
http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/09/29/56935628.html
Voice of Russia - September 29, 2011
No calm at Serbian-Kosovo border
The UN Security Council has held closed-door consultations on the situation in northern Kosovo but its member states have once again failed to work out a single stand. On September 28th, Russia initiated an emergency session following clashes between locals and troops of the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR) near the Yarine checkpoint at the administrative Serbia-Kosovo border.
What is meant here is a conflict at two checkpoints controlled by the northern Kosovo Serbs. Back in July this year, the self-proclaimed republic’s Albanian authorities attempted to get them under control but failed in their endeavors. Today, the support of NATO forces and European police finally helped the Albanians appoint their customs and police officers at the two disputed checkpoints of Yarine and Brnyak. In response, the local Serbs blocked both of them, says head of the Institute of Europe’s group of ethno-political conflicts Dr. Pavel Kandel:
"The Serbs are opposed to the presence of Kosovo customs officers there and naturally try to force them out. The Kosovo authorities, in their turn, seek to bring their own officials to the checkpoints, thus making the best use of KFOR peacekeepers’ support and tearing off northern Kosovo from Serbia. It is quite natural that the indignant local Serbs arranged a demonstration resulting in clashes with the KFOR and subsequent injuries," Pavel Kandel explains.
Seven Serbs and four KFOR servicemen were injured in the incident. In response to accusations of violence on the part of NATO, the peacekeepers were said to have only shot for self-defense purposes.
Speaking at the latest Russia-NATO Council session, Russian envoy to the Alliance Dmitry Rogozin demanded an inquiry into the shooting of Kosovo Serbs near the Yarine checkpoint. “Irresponsibility of this sort leads to a war,” the official said.
...
http://www.interfax.com/newsinf.asp?pg=2&id=277104
Interfax - September 30, 2011
Rogozin accuses NATO of gross violation of UNSC resolution on Kosovo
MOSCOW: In another conflict in Kosovo, NATO has openly sided with Pristina and acted in breach of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolution, said Russia's Ambassador to NATO Dmitry Rogozin.
"In this situation, NATO has unequivocally sided with Pristina," he said in an interview with the Rossiya 24 television channel on Friday.
During the conflict, soldiers from the NATO Force for Kosovo used firearms against the Serbs, he said.
"Essentially, it was shooting against a peaceful civilian demonstration. This is absolutely against all of the norms written down in the UN Security Council Resolution No. 1244," the ambassador said.
http://www.interfax.com/newsinf.asp?pg=6&id=276995
Interfax - September 30, 2011
Interference in internal affairs must not be covered by concept of protecting civilians – Lukashevich
MOSCOW: Attempts to justify foreign interference in internal affairs by compliance with the concept of the responsibility to protect civilians are unacceptable, said Russian Foreign Ministry spokesman Alexander Lukashevich.
“We cannot side-step the polemics [at the 66th session of the UN general Assembly] on the concept of responsibility for the protection [of civilians], which some speakers cited while justifying the use of force in internal conflicts, including in Libya,” he said at a press briefing in Moscow on Friday.
“Russia is convinced that using this concept as a cover for interference in internal affairs and for regime change in the UN member-states is unacceptable,” he said.
http://rt.com/news/kosovo-kfor-clash-serbs-771/
RT - September 30, 2011
NATO issues Kosovo shoot to kill warning
Violence has flared again in Northern Kosovo after NATO troops brutally dispersed a crowd of Serbian protesters at a makeshift roadblock, firing live ammunition at peaceful demonstrators, and have now established an armed presence in the area.
Over 100 KFOR troops arrived at the scene on Friday and forced the Serbs to leave the then-intact barricade, threatening the use of lethal force. KFOR said they would shoot anyone who failed to comply. They also ordered journalists to leave the immediate area.
NATO’s force in Kosovo has said it will shoot to kill anyone who crosses a barricaded area near the disputed checkpoint on Serbia's border with Kosovo, reports RT’s Aleksey Yaroshevsky.
Allied pro-Kosovo forces then brought in bulldozers and demolished the barricade built by ethnic Serbs on the Kosovo side of the border with Serbia.
But Serbs at the remaining barricades say they will not leave their positions.
“We have lost a battle, but not the whole war,” they told RT.
The Kosovar Serbs added that their move to erect barricades in Kosovo is driven by fear that Belgrade might abandon them in pursuit of EU membership.
Ethnic Serbs are more determined than ever to show that they do not wish to be part of the Kosovo republic.
“They are telling us to leave but we have nowhere to go,' explained Petra, a local resident.
“This is because Kosovo is our land, our home and our life. It seems that we are on our own now and we will stand our ground.”
After peacefully retreating from the barricades, the Serbs established another makeshift checkpoint by putting two large trucks on a bridge, thus blocking access to northern Kosovo for the KFOR troops.
The situation remains tense but not violent with Serbs pulling back and grouping at a nearby bridge block post. The barricade secured by NATO troops is just one of about half a dozen constructed by Serbs, so the stand-off is continuing and an escalation of tension remains a possibility. RT’s correspondent reports that he saw a group of Serbs tearing down a road sign posted by KFOR, indicating that their fighting spirit is far from lost.
Still, more than 10 wounded people remain in hospital in the town of Mitrovice after Tuesday’s clashes with KFOR forces. Some of them have bullet wounds.
RT spoke to them to get first-hand information about the clashes.
“We were standing by the barricade when the soldiers started shouting and shooting at us,” recalls injured Aleksander Radunovic. “I did not know what they were shooting with so I got scared and started running away. Then I thought I had been hit on the shoulder, but it turned out I had received a perforating wound of my lung.”
Significantly, KFOR and NATO are trying to convince the public that they only used rubber bullets and tear gas grenades against the Serbs to pacify them. But doctors in the local hospital told RT that the patients have unmistakable gunshot wounds.
“We received seven men in a serious condition: gunshot wounds, fractures and bruises – they were not rubber bullets, not a single one of them had rubber bullet wounds,” revealed the head surgeon of Mitrovica hospital, Radomir Ivankovic. “All those wounds were caused by regular bullets which we extracted from the bodies [of injured].”
The conflict zone in Kosovska Mitrovica is split between the Albanians and the Serbs, and as RT’s crew witnessed last night, the latter are currently reinforcing their barricades with fresh piles of sandbags being placed across roads to block access to KFOR forces and the Kosovo police.
NATO helicopters are bringing additional troops to the conflict zone, and are reported to be flying over the border crossings approximately every 30 minutes.
There has been a strong international response on this week’s developments in Kosovo.
The US has accused Serbs of provoking violence, while the Russian Foreign ministry has expressed deep concern over the situation in Kosovo, saying that this conflict, largely perceived as a border incident, could destabilize the situation in the whole region.
Russia’s envoy to NATO, Dmitry Rogozin, has criticized NATO for a crude breach of the UN resolution on Kosovo, saying the alliance has failed to remain neutral.
“In this situation, NATO has definitely taken Pristina’s side,” Rogozin told Russia’s TV channel Rossiya 24.
Russia’s Foreign Ministry has also expressed deep concern over news suggesting an emergency carriage taking the injured to hospital was fired on by Kosovo forces during Tuesday clashes at the disputed checkpoint.
On Wednesday, members of the United Nations Security Council gathered for emergency consultations in New York to discuss the situation in southern Serbia, but failed to reach a common stance on the conflict in the turbulent region.
On Thursday, Kosovo's Interior Minister Bajram Rexhepi said that roadblocks put up by local Serbs will be removed, pledging, though, that ethnic Albanian-dominated authorities will make no unilateral moves, AP reports.
The removal of barriers is “inevitable” as they prevent “freedom of movement for people and goods,'' the minister said, adding that any action would be coordinated with the NATO-led KFOR forces and the European Union mission.
Irish Times - October 1, 2011
Kosovo Serbs dig in as border dispute turns bloody
Mileva Premovic and her neighbours while away the afternoon in the shade of a broad tree. The unseasonable warmth makes it hard to imagine that the green Kapaonik mountains, rising up a few miles away in Serbia, will soon be white with snow and busy with skiers.
It would also be hard to believe that bullets were fired and blood shed here just a few days ago, were it not for the scars that blight Kosovo’s border zone.
Nearby fields are burned black from recent rioting and, just over the rise, US soldiers move warily behind a huge earth barricade and glinting coils of barbed wire. They warn off anyone approaching their position while they are still hundreds of metres away, their rifles clearly showing.
“It was frightening to see the demonstrators running, tumbling over each other to get away,” Premovic says of Tuesday’s clashes between Serbs and Nato troops. “There were hundreds of local people, young and old, and I could hear gunfire – tap-tap-tap. If the Americans want to kill me, then go ahead, I have nowhere else to go. But this has always been Serb land; there have never been Albanians here.”
Serbs accuse Nato troops, specifically Americans, of using live ammunition to disperse people who were protesting against ethnic-Albanian Kosovo police efforts to take control of customs points along the border with Serbia – a frontier that local Serbs insist they will never recognise.
...
Tuesday’s violence injured at least six Serbs and four Kfor soldiers, ramped up tension in northern Kosovo, and prompted the postponement of EU-brokered talks between Belgrade and Pristina to solve practical problems stemming from Kosovo’s 2008 independence declaration.
The Belgrade government, like most Serbs, refuses to recognise the sovereignty of Kosovo, which from 1999-2008 was run by the UN after Nato bombing forced Slobodan Milosevic’s forces to withdraw from the region...
Many Serbs fled Kosovo after the 1998-1999 war and the 100,000 that remain are divided between almost entirely Serb northern regions and enclaves in the south where they are surrounded by Kosovo’s 90 per cent ethnic Albanian majority.
Serbs in northern Kosovo refuse to acknowledge the authority of the Pristina government and still look to Belgrade for political leadership, protection and finance.
In a bid to tighten control of the rebellious north, Pristina dispatched special police to take over custom points in July. Local Serbs resisted and killed one of those policemen.
The row has rumbled on, and this week’s clashes came when Kfor troops tried to clear barricades built by Serbs across local main roads and to block one of the many rough tracks that they use to bypass official checkpoints and enter Serbia.
...
About a dozen Serbs sit in the sun, eating, drinking and making gentle fun of the Greek Kfor troops watching them from behind barbed wire. The Serbs insist they are neither radicals nor puppets of the local mafia, but patriots who refuse to be dictated to in their ancient homeland.
“We want to remain part of Serbia.
“I live on my grandfather’s land, but this situation means I have to hope my kids find a future in Belgrade or Europe. That’s the sad truth,” says Sladjan Radosavljevic from the nearby village of Leposavic, home to many of the protesters.
“Serbs are disappearing everywhere,” he adds. “Croatia, Macedonia, and they are under pressure in Montenegro. What could we possibly hope for from the Albanians?”
Offering food and strong home-made rakia to visitors, local man Stanko Lakic brandishes a fork and insists it is the protesters’ deadliest weapon.
“Every river has a source and every nation has its birthplace. The birthplace for every Serb is Kosovo.
“And what happens when a river loses its source? It disappears,” he says.
“But Serbs will never leave Kosovo.
“No price and no amount of violence will force us out.”
Tanjug News Agency - October 2, 2011
Serbs set up concrete barricade in Kosovska Mitrovica
KOSOVSKA MITROVICA: The night passed peacefully in northern Kosovo and was marked by concreting of a barricade on the bridge over the Ibar River in Kosovska Mitrovica.
Citizens spent another night at the barricades in front of the Jarinje and Brnjak administrative checkpoints and blocks on northern Kosovo roads.
KFOR and EULEX shut down the Jarinje administrative crossing during the night after Serbs set up a new barricade, thus obstructing traffic completely on the access road from central Serbia as well.
For the first time since the outbreak of the crisis on Jarinje on the occasion of the deployment of Kosovo customs officers and police on the administrative line, a barricade was put up outside of Kosovo, on the access road from central Serbia, thus completely surrounding Jarinje, just like in the case of Brnjak earlier on.
KFOR and EULEX, which closed the crossing late on Saturday, opened it again for passenger traffic early on Sunday and removed the barbed wire that was preventing access to the crossing during the night.
EULEX officials told Tanjug that the crossing was closed at 19:00 CET and that was opened again at 7:00.
...
Commenting on the Saturday shutdown of the Jarinje crossing, Leposavić Mayor Branko Ninić stated that this was another KFOR attempt of manipulation and deceiving the public so that they could conceal the violence and use of firearms against unarmed people a few days ago.
“Barricades are still standing on the road and citizens are determined to fight by peaceful means to have officers of the so-called Kosovo customs service removed from Brnjak and Jarinje,” he stressed.
Tanjug News Agency - October 4, 2011
Kosovo to be discussed at NATO summit
BRUSSELS, WASHINGTON: NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen says situation in northern Kosovo and KFOR’s role will be one of the key topics of NATO defense ministers' meeting.
“We will discuss the developments in Kosovo. We have seen how quickly tensions can increase and how important the role of the NATO mission is,” Rasmussen stated in Brussels on Monday, Voice of America has reported.
...
Commenting on the claims that KFOR soldiers used live ammunition when firing at Serbs at the Jarinje administrative crossing, the NATO official said that this was an act of self-defense, and that soldiers had right to act like that.
...
Beta News Agency - October 4, 2011
Kosovo Serbs hold protest rally
GRAČANICA: Several hundreds of Serbs held a protest in Gračanica on Tuesday over murder of Aleksandar Putnik and wounding of his son Dobrica near Orahovac.
The Serbs started a protest walk at 11:00 CET. The rally ended in the Gračanica Monastery where the protesters lit candles.
The protest gathering was led by Gračanica Health Center Director Rada Trajković. Serbs were carrying Serbian flags and banners written in Serbian and English.
They called on Kosovo officials to find the perpetrators of this attack and all other crimes against Kosovo Serbs.
There were no incidents during the protest and Kosovo police officers were providing safety. EULEX police were also present.
Putnik was killed on Saturday night in front of a restaurant in the village of Zrze. Police did not state what the motive was, but stressed that the investigation was underway.
http://en.rian.ru/world/20111005/167409054.html
Russian Information Agency Novosti - October 5, 2011
NATO 'violated' UN mandate in Kosovo clashes
MOSCOW: Russia's Foreign Ministry said NATO overstepped its UN Security Council mandate.
"I must repeat again that the use of force to help implement the lawmaking of the so-called republic do not agree with the UN mandate and vi
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tra le due rive dell’Adriatico
Giornata di studio - Foligno 20 ottobre 2011
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SAVEZ UDRUZENJA BORACA NOR-a I ANTIFASISTA CRNE GORE
A.N.P.I. Comitato provinciale di Perugia
Comune di Foligno
Comune di Campello sul Clitunno
Con il patrocinio di:
Ambasciata del Montenegro
Il sistema concentrazionario fascista tra le due rive dell’Adriatico
giovedì 20 ottobre 2011
foligno
sala delle conferenze
palazzo trinci
piazza della repubblica
ore 10
SALUTI
Nando Mismetti, Sindaco di Foligno
Mario Tosti, Presidente Isuc
Manlio Marini, Presidente Officina della Memoria
PRESIEDE
Alberto Sorbini, Direttore Isuc
INTERVENGONO
Costantino Di Sante, Università di Teramo
Lo studio dell’universo concentrazionario fascista d’occupazione nella storiografia italiana
Radoje Pajovic, Dukljanska Akademija Nauka i Umjetnosti, Podgorica
Strategie dell’occupazione italiana del Montenegro nella storiografia slava
Dino Renato Nardelli, Sezione didattica Isuc
Il sistema concentrazionario in Umbria tra macchina repressiva e risorsa per un’economia di guerra
Giovanni Kaczmarek, Ricercatore Isuc
I civili del campo di Colfiorito: ritratto di “banditi” in un interno
ore 15
PRESIEDE
Rita Zampolini, Assessore alla Memoria Comune di Foligno
INTERVENGONO
Ljubo Sekulic, Potpredsjednik Saveza Udruzenja Boraca NOR-a i Antifasista Crne Gore
La lotta antifascista in Montenegro tra memoria e storia: italiani
Francesco Innamorati, Presidente provinciale ANPI
La lotta antifascista in Montenegro tra memoria e storia: montenegrini
Tommaso Rossi, Ricercatore Isuc
Un comandante montenegrino nella Resistenza umbra: Svetozar Lakovic “Toso”
Testimonianze dal Montenegro e dall’Umbria
L'iniziativa, organizzata da soggetto accreditato alla formazione (DM 23/05/2002 e DM 08/06/2005), è considerata ai fini della formazione e dell'aggiornamento in servizio del personale della scuola ai sensi degli artt. 64 e 67 CCNL 2006/2009
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29.09.2011, 22:39
In Germania e’ stato ucciso il principale testimone dell’accusa contro i leader kosovari che si sarebbero macchiati di gravi crimini come il traffico di organi espiantati ai prigionieri serbi. Un portavoce dell’Unione Europea ritiene che questo nuovo reato non dovrebbe influire sul processo. [SIC]
ADN Kronos International - September 16, 2011
Kosovo: Witness gets two months jail for contempt of UN court
The Hague: A witness for the in the trial of former Kosovo prime minister Ramus Haradinaj was sentenced to two months in jail on Friday by the United Nation War Crimes Tribunal for contempt of court.
Sefcet Kabashi, a key witness against Haradinaj, who is accused of war crimes against Serb, Roma and non-loyal Albanian civilians during 1998/99 conflict, refused to testify in 2007, saying several witnesses had been killed.
He was arrested by Netherlands authorities in August and handed over to the tribunal. But he again refused to answer questions by the prosecution at Haradinaj’s retrial which is currently going on in The Hague.
Haradinaj, a former military commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army, which fought against Serbian rule, was acquitted in the first trial for “lack of evidence”. But the tribunal’s appeals panel said the first trial was conducted in an “atmosphere of intimidation of witnesses” and ordered a retrial.
Kabashi could have been sentenced up to seven years in jail and/or 100,000 euros for contempt of court. But the tribunal said it took into account Akashi’s “family situation and post-traumatic problems” as mitigating circumstances.
He has already served one month in jail and will be freed after serving another thirty days.
http://www.b92.net/eng/news/crimes-article.php?yyyy=2011&mm=09&dd=28&nav_id=76608
Tanjug News Agency - September 28, 2011
Protected witness in ex-KLA trial found dead
PRIŠTINA: A protected witness in the village of Klecka war crimes case was found dead, EULEX Spokeswoman Irina Gudeljević told Tanjug.
According to her, the protected witness was found dead in a park in Germany.
The German authorities are investigating the case. The protected witness was Kosovo Albanian Agim Zogaj. He was supposed to testify in the trial of ex-Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) member Fatmir Limaj and nine more persons for war crimes in Klečka. The trial is expected to begin by the end of October.
Limaj, who has been under house arrest since last week, will be tried on an indictment charging him with war crimes against civilians and prisoners of war.
The Priština District Court, headed by a EULEX judge, prolonged custody to the group of nine accused for another two months.
Limaj and other defendants are charged with murders, torture and health endangerment of Albanian and Serb civilians from Kosovo and prisoners of war.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/28/us-kosovo-war-crimes-idUSTRE78R5O320110928
Reuters - September 28, 2011
Kosovo war crimes witness found dead in Germany
PRISTINA: A witness in a war crimes case against a member of Kosovo's parliament has been found dead in Germany, an EU police and justice mission (EULEX) spokesman said on Wednesday.
Ruling party parliamentarian Fatmir Limaj, who was put under house arrest last week, and nine other people arrested in March are accused of committing murder, torture and violations of the human rights of ethnic Albanians, Serbs and prisoners during Kosovo's 1998-99 war with Serbia.
Agim Zogaj, known as witness X in the war crimes case, was found dead in a German park, said EULEX spokesman Blerim Krasniqi, adding: "The German authorities are conducting the necessary investigation to determine the circumstances of his death."
A German police spokesman said investigators suspected that Zogaj killed himself but the investigation was still in progress and the police were waiting for the coroner's report.
"There are no indications it was anything else," the police spokesman said. He added an autopsy would be carried out on Thursday.
Zogaj, who was a soldier under Limaj's command during Kosovo's war for independence, was sent to Germany as a protected witness. Police would not confirm media reports in Kosovo that he had killed himself.
Those charged are former members of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which fought Serb forces for independence.
Limaj, an ally of Prime Minister Hashim Thaci, was a leading figure in the KLA.
...Limaj was acquitted by The Hague war crimes tribunal in 2005, two years after he was indicted on similar charges.
Limaj also faces corruption charges relating to his time as transport minister in a previous government.
...
(Additional reporting by Joseph Nasr in Berlin; Editing by Myra MacDonald)
Beta News Agency - September 29, 2011
Witness in ex-KLA trial fears for safety, won’t testify
BELGRADE: A potential witness of the prosecution in ex-Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) commander Fatmir Limaj has said that he does not want to testify for safety reasons.
The witness informed the deputy prosecutor on Thursday, after learning of protected witness Agim Zogaj’s death, that he did not want to testify in the Klečka case for safety reasons.
“The Serbian War Crimes Prosecution believes that justice in the region is jeopardized by Agim Zogaj’s death and expresses concern over the information that Zogaj, a protected witness in the EULEX Prosecution’s case against Fatmir Limaj, was found dead in a park in Duisburg, Germany,” it was announced on Thursday.
The Serbian prosecution stressed that its 2008 investigation against Limaj and 28 more KLA members had greatly contributed to EULEX Prosecution’s case.
Aside from Limaj, the EULEX indictment charges nine more persons with war crimes against Serb and Albanian civilians in the village of Klečka in 1999.
RT - September 29, 2011
Key Kosovo war crimes witness found dead
A key witness in a war crimes trial in Kosovo has been found dead in Germany. He had apparently committed suicide.
Nicholas Hawton, an EU spokesman in Kosovo, said on Wednesday Agim Zogaj's body was discovered in a city park in Duisburg, reports Associated Press.
Police believe that he hanged himself late on Tuesday.
...
Zogaj was a protected witness in the trial of Fatmir Limaj. The ethnic Albanian and former transport minister under Prime Minister Hashim Thaci is suspected of unlawfully killing and torturing Serb prisoners during the 1998-99 Kosovo war. Many of the charges were based on Zogaj's witness statements.
Limaj, who remains an influential political figure in Kosovo, is also under investigation over alleged embezzlement of budget money during his time in the cabinet.
Last week, the former commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army was put under a month-long house arrest by a judge of the EU Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo pending his trial for war crimes.
Limaj was cleared of similar charges by a UN court in 2005 which ruled there was insufficient evidence to convict him.
Secondo gli investigatori, cittadini tedeschi, israeliani, canadesi e polacchi erano disposti a pagare l'organizzazione fino a 90mila euro per un rene. I donatori, provenienti da paesi poveri dell'Europa dell'est e dell'Asia centrale, ricevevano un compenso inferiore ai 10mila euro.
Il procuratore europeo Jonathan Ratel ha chiesto il rinvio a giudizio per nove persone.Lufti Dervishi e il figlio Arben, personaggi chiave dell'inchiesta, sono attori influenti nella politica kosovara. Ma vi sono altri imputati eccellenti: Driton Jilta, ex ufficiale della missione OSCE in Kosovo; Ilir Rrecaj, ex ministro della sanità kosovara; Sokol Hajdini,Islam Bytyqi e Suleiman Dulla, anestesisti alla clinica Medicus; Moshe Harel, un intermediario israeliano. E infine Yusuf Ercin Sonmez, chirurgo turco finito più volte nel mirino degli inquirenti per il suo coinvolgimento in altri presunti traffici di organi, e noto alle cronache con i soprannomi di "Dottor Avvoltoio" e "Dottor Frankenstein". Anche un chirurgo israeliano, Zaki Shapira, e un altro dottore turco, Kenan Demirkol, sono stati citati nell'atto di accusa del procuratore Ratel come "complici non ancora incriminati".
La clinica Medicus aveva ottenuto un'autorizzazione per attività sanitarie in cardiologia ma non in urologia, nonostante ripetute richieste presentate da Dervishi a partire dal 2003.
Dervishi, Thaci e la Casa Gialla
Lufti Dervishi, professore all'università di Pristina sin dal 1982, ufficialmente proprietario della clinica Medicus, è un importante alleato del primo ministro kosovaro Hashim Thaci, leader del Partito Democratico del Kosovo (PDK).
L'amicizia tra Thaci e Dervishi è di lunga data, secondo Francesco Mandoi, ex procuratore EULEX, ora sostituto procuratore nazionale antimafia a Roma.
La famiglia di Dervishi ospitò Thaci quando ci fu un attentato bomba nel cortile della casa dell'attuale primo ministro. Anni dopo, Lufti Dervishi diede a Thaci l'appartamento sopra quello di casa sua nella capitale Pristina.
Thaci fu anche il leader politico dell'Esercito di Liberazione del Kosovo (UCK), un gruppo armato appoggiato dalla NATO che sosteneva la separazione del Kosovo dalla Serbia e l'unione politica con l'Albania. Fino al 1998, il Dipartimento di Stato americano aveva considerato l'UCK un'organizzazione terrorista. Un anno dopo, i miliziani albanesi divennero i più stretti alleati di Washington nei Balcani.
All'indomani dei bombardamenti NATO, i serbi e i collaborazionisti con il governo di Belgrado non furono le sole vittime dei regolamenti di conti targati UCK. Le violenze esplosero anche contro rivali politici e militari della FARK, un altro gruppo armato albanese, e persino in seno a fazioni contrapposte dell'UCK.
"Secondo alcune indagini riservate, Lufti Dervishi era stato notato spesse volte nei pressi della Casa Gialla", riferisce Mandoi.
Gli investigatori internazionali sospettano che la "Casa Gialla" fosse una struttura di detenzione segreta sotto il controllo di miliziani dell'UCK, in cui venivano condotti test di compatibilità su prigionieri serbi e albanesi prima dell'esecuzione dei trapianti.
Sulla base delle descrizioni offerte da diversi testimoni, la Casa Gialla è stata identificata inuna cascina vicino a Burrel, nell'Albania settentrionale, non lontano da Prizren. All'epoca, la zona di Prizren, seconda città del Kosovo vicino al confine albanese, era controllata dai soldati UCK agli ordini di Thaci.
La prima sede della clinica Medicus fu Prizren, secondo il procuratore Mandoi, il quale però sottolinea che gli investigatori non furono in grado di effettuare riscontri riguardo alla presenza di Dervishi nelle vicinanze della Casa Gialla.
Al termine della guerra, furono i soldati tedeschi della KFOR, la missione NATO in Kosovo, a controllare l'area di Thaci. E proprio due eurodeputati tedeschi, Bernd Posselt e Doris Pack, attaccarono il rapporto del Consiglio d'Europa in cui l'ex procuratore svizzero Dick Marty denunciava un presunto traffico di organi in Kosovo. Secondo Marty, il traffico sarebbe prima avvenuto con prigionieri catturati e uccisi dall'UCK, poi continuato nella clinica Medicus con donatori viventi provenienti da paesi poveri europei e asiatici.
Lo scorso marzo, Posselt e Pack dissero al quotidiano Irish Times che Marty non aveva presentato alcuna prova concreta durante un incontro a porte chiuse della commissione affari esteri del parlamento europeo. Doris Pack disse che "almeno il 90 percento" degli eurodeputati avevano criticato aspramente il dossier di Marty.
Tuttavia, l'eurodeputato italiano Pino Arlacchi, anch'egli presente a quella seduta, ha fornito una versione dei fatti radicalmente differente. "Posselt e Pack hanno accusato Marty con argomenti molto deboli" afferma Arlacchi. "Ma la maggior parte degli europarlamentari, compreso io, abbiamo appoggiato il rapporto del Consiglio d'Europa."
Dr. Beer
Martin Kraushaar, co-autore del documentario "Sulle tracce del traffico di organi in Kosovo", recentemente trasmesso dall'emittente tedesca ZDF, ha trovato prove cheDervishi abbia ricevuto fino a 3 milioni di euro da un noto urologo di Berlino, Dr. Manfred Beer, con cui il dottore albanese aveva studiato e lavorato in Germania.
L'avvocato di Dervishi, Linn Slattengren, ha affermato che il suo cliente amministrò alcuni investimenti nel settore immobiliare in Kosovo per conto di Beer. L'investimento si sarebbe rivelato redditizio e il Dr. Beer avrebbe allora proposto a Dervishi di aprire la clinica Medicusa suo nome.
Da questo punto in poi, le versioni fornite da Dervishi e da Beer divergono.
Secondo l'avvocato Slattengren, Beer avrebbe investito nella clinica 3 milioni di euro e sarebbe stato direttamente coinvolto nella selezione dei medici per praticare operazioni chirurgiche alla Medicus. Beer sostiene invece che diede a Dervishi non più di 300mila euroe non ebbe alcun ruolo nel reclutamento del personale medico per la clinica.
Una fonte vicina alle indagini, che ha richiesto l'anonimato, afferma che l'urologo tedesco non è indagato né sospettato di alcun illecito. A ogni modo, il nome di Beer non compare nella lista dei testimoni, né sarebbe stato interrogato sul suo ruolo in Medicus.
"Gli inquirenti avrebbero dovuto interrogare Beer e determinare se fosse coinvolto o meno in attività illecite" dice Lawrence Marzouk, direttore responsabile di Prishtina Insight, unico giornale kosovaro in lingua inglese. "Credevo che lo avessero interrogato, almeno così mi era stato detto da ufficiali EULEX. Se le cose non stessero così, questa situazione solleverebbe inquietanti interrogativi sulla qualità delle indagini."
La missione EULEX è la più grande missione dell'Unione Europea in termini di uomini e di mezzi: oltre 87 milioni di euro spesi solo fra ottobre 2010 e ottobre 2011, secondo le stime ufficiali. Lo staff, composto da agenti di polizia e da magistrati, conta più di 3000 persone, di cui quasi 2000 sono internazionali e 1250 kosovari. Il comando della missione è stato affidato a Xavier Bout de Marnhac.
In teoria, EULEX lavora sotto la supervisione di UNMIK, l'amministrazione provvisoria dell'ONU in Kosovo. In realtà, EULEX ha di fatto sostituito UNMIK dal 2008 a oggi, e non risponde al segretario generale delle Nazioni Unite ma a Catherine Ashton, l'Alto Rappresentante per esteri e difesa dell'Unione Europea.
"UNMIK ci ha lasciato un'eredità pesante", dice Alberto Perduca, capo della giustizia EULEX tra il 2008 e il 2010, ora procuratore aggiunto a Torino. Migliaia di fascicoli, circa 1200 solo quelli relativi ai crimini di guerra. "Un numero da mettere in ginocchio qualunque procura," afferma Perduca. Cercando di mantenere un basso profilo, la missione ha riaperto inchieste e casi giudiziari contro politici di primo piano o i loro diretti collaboratori.
"Avevamo il compito di ristabilire il primato della legge in un contesto internazionale quanto mai fragile, attraverso il coinvolgimento progressivo delle istituzioni locali," dice il procuratore. Ma la magistratura kosovara, esposta alle intimidazioni dei poteri forti, mostrò una certa riluttanza a occuparsi direttamente dei dossier più scottanti''.
EULEX assicura anche la protezione del superpentito Nazim Bllaca, un ex membro del K-SHIK, il servizio segreto kosovaro. Bllaca ha ammesso di aver preso parte a diversi omicidi e di aver condotto una serie di azioni illegali ai danni degli oppositori del PDK, il maggiore partito kosovaro guidato dal primo ministro Hashim Thaci.
I processi riaperti da EULEX a carico di personaggi influenti come Fatmir Limaj, Ramush Haradinaj e Lufti Dervishi non hanno certo accattivato le simpatie dei partiti di governo e di opposizione kosovari verso la task force internazionale. D'altro canto, molti cittadini kosovari lamentano proprio la mancanza di coraggio di EULEX nelle operazioni di contrasto alla criminalità organizzata.
Gli ultranazionalisti di Levizja Vetevendosje (Movimento di autoderminazione) sono fra le voci più critiche verso la magistratura e le forze di polizia europee. Lo scorso giugno, due auto di EULEX sono state distrutte da una carica di esplosivo.
EULEX ha incontrato anche forti resistenze nel perseguimento delle indagini relative al presunto traffico di organi avvenuto all'indomani dei bombardamenti NATO del 1999. Gli ex procuratori svizzeri Dick Marty e Carla del Ponte hanno lamentato la mancanza di un adeguato programma di protezione dei testimoni e di un mandato per la conduzione di investigazioni in territorio albanese.
Secondo Alberto Perduca, la limitata dimensione del territorio kosovaro e uno stretto tessuto sociale fondato su vincoli familiari rende impossibile una protezione adeguata dei testimoni in Kosovo. "È assolutamente indispensabile una cooperazione internazionale" dice il procuratore.
''Fino a quando altri stati non assicurano la disponibilità ad accogliere questi collaboratori di giustizia, l'attività investigativa diventa molto difficile''.
E ribadisce: "Indagare sul traffico di organi non è un optional, è un atto dovuto. Fino a quando l'Albania non concede assistenza giudiziaria per avere accesso ai luoghi dove si sarebbero consumati i delitti, l'indagine è paralizzata."
E finalmente la missione europea ha formato una squadra investigativa speciale per verificare le accuse. A sorpresa, EULEX ha nominato un procuratore statunitense, John Clinton Williamson, a dirigere l'inchiesta.
Williamson era stato il capo del ministero della giustizia kosovara tra il 2001 e il 2002, quando il territorio era sotto l'amministrazione delle Nazioni Unite.
Indagini sul traffico d'organi
Gli investigatori erano a conoscenza di un presunto traffico di organi in Kosovo almeno dal 2003, quando gli investigatori delle Nazioni Unite scrissero una relazione di 29 pagine sulle testimonianze di centri segreti di detenzione nell'Albania settentrionale. L'indagine fu fermata un anno più tardi concludendosi in un nulla di fatto.
Due giornalisti italiani, Giuseppe Ciulla e Vittorio Romano, hanno pubblicato documenti che dimostrano che già nel 2005 la clinica Medicus era finita nel mirino della Financial Intelligence Unit, una sorta di Guardia di Finanza ONU. Gli agenti accertarono che il Centro Trasfusioni del Kosovo (KBTC) aveva fornito abnormi quantità di sangue ad alcune cliniche private a Pristina. La clinica Medicus fu fra gli acquirenti di quel sangue, necessario per condurre trapianti di organi. Il centro trasfusioni ricevette in cambio 100 euro per ogni sacca di sangue, pari a un terzo del salario medio di un dottore in Kosovo. Anche in questo caso, le autorità non procedettero con i controlli.
Il sospetto di un traffico di organi in Kosovo apparve sulla grande stampa internazionale solo nell'aprile 2008, quando l'ex procuratore Carla Del Ponte scrisse che centinaia di serbi sarebbero stati rapiti e uccisi al fine di estrarre i loro organi. Nell'ottobre dello stesso anno, EULEX lanciò un'inchiesta su Medicus.
Nel 2010, l'ex procuratore del Canton Ticino Dick Marty confermò le accuse di Del Ponte in un rapporto del Consiglio d'Europa, aggiungendo che "la componente del traffico di organi nelle detenzioni all'indomani del conflitto ... è collegato all'odierno caso della ClinicaMedicus, anche per il ruolo di albanesi kosovari che figurano in entrambe le inchieste."
In particolare, Marty scrisse che il primo ministro Thaci è il leader di un'organizzazione criminale chiamata "il Gruppo di Drenica", direttamente collegata al presunto traffico di organi.
"I leaders del ‘Gruppo di Drenica' hanno la più grande responsabilità . . . per aver amministrato il network di strutture di detenzione dell'UCK sul territorio dell'Albania; e per aver determinato il destino di quei detenuti ... inclusi i molti civili rapiti e portati al di là del confine," sostiene Marty.
L'ex magistrato svizzero accusò anche Shaip Muja, numero uno della sanità UCK, poi consigliere politico del primo ministro Thaci, di essere un membro dell'organizzazione dedita al traffico di organi, aggiungendo che Muja avrebbe ricevuto il supporto di "elementi nell'esercito e nei servizi segreti albanesi".
"È imperativo che EULEX riceva più esplicito e risoluto sostegno dai più alti livelli della politica europea," afferma Marty.
"Cosa è particolarmente sorprendente è che tutta la comunità internazionale in Kosovo - dal governo degli Stati Uniti alle nazioni occidentali alleate, alle autorità di giustizia dell'Unione Europea - senza dubbio posseggono la stessa schiacciante documentazione sulla gravità dei crimini del Gruppo di Drenica, ma nessuno sembra pronto a reagire di fronte a questa situazione e a punire i responsabili."
Intervista a Nancy Scheper - Hughes
Le attività di Nancy Scheper-Hughes, professoressa di antropologia alla prestigiosa Università di Berkeley, assomigliano più a quelle di un detective piuttosto che a quelle di un accademico. Le sue indagini sotto copertura e la sua attività di ricerca l'hanno resa una dei più grandi esperti sul traffico di organi sin dalla metà degli anni Novanta, quando dovette scontrarsi contro un muro di scetticismo e isolamento.
Secondo un rapporto del Dipartimento di Stato americano del 2004, "sarebbe impossibile nascondere un traffico illegale di organi".
Qualche anno più tardi, diverse indagini di polizia, in Brasile, Sud Africa, Stati Uniti,Moldavia, Turchia e Israele, a cui Scheper-Hughes collaborò, le diedero ragione.
Zaki Shapira, uno dei più famosi chirurghi israeliani - e uno dei presunti membri dell'organizzazione criminale dedita ai traffici di organi - sedette insieme a Scheper-Hughes nella commissione etica della Fondazione Rockfeller a Bellagio.
"Era assurdo. Zaki era un membro della task force internazionale di Bellagio contro il traffico di organi", afferma Scheper-Hughes. "Ho detto al direttore della task force che Shapira era un noto membro del network internazionale di traffico di reni. Il suo partner era Yusuf Sonmez. Utilizzavano i rimborsi dell'assicurazione sanitaria israeliana e riciclaggio del denaro sporco per finanziare trapianti internazionali''.
In un file in possesso di Scheper-Hughes, Sonmez si vantò di aver eseguito più di 2200 trapianti illegali di organi.
Ma come è possibile che un traffico internazionale di organi possa prosperare senza essere scoperto?
"La sola cosa che posso dire è che il traffico di organi è un crimine ‘protetto' in molti stati. In tempi di conflitti, di guerre e di disastri naturali, così come in stati 'militarizzati', gli organi vengono rubati" afferma Scheper-Hughes. "Ci sono voluti dieci anni perché qualcuno ascoltasse quello che avevo da dire. Ho le prove di ciò che affermo. In stati attualmente o precedentemente militarizzati come Israele, Brasile e Argentina, alcune persone venivano uccise per sottrarre i loro organi. So che questo può essere fatto: non ci vuole molto. Guarda cosa fa la Cina con i suoi prigionieri. Estrarre organi non costituisce un grande problema. Tutto quello di cui hai bisogno è di una soluzione per conservarli epersonale tecnico competente. L'organizzazione Eurotransplant lo fa costantemente, per motivi altruistici si intende, e trasporta organi fino in Turchia".
Secondo Scheper-Hughes, ai tempi della dittatura militare in Brasile l'esercito ordinò al loro più importante chirurgo di prendere gli organi di cui i soldati e le loro famiglie avevano bisogno.
"Ho parlato con l'ex capo della società nefrologica, un brillante accademico di 90 anni. Mi ha detto: ci hanno costretti. Dichiaravamo la morte cerebrale delle persone prima che fossero morte per davvero."
E nelle indagini sui traffici di organi spuntano i nomi di ex ufficiali o persone vicino agli ambienti militari. Come il generale israeliano in pensione Meir Zamir, di Rishon Lezion, 63 anni, eroe della guerra di Yom Kippur del 1973, accusato dalla giustizia israeliana di essere il capo di un network criminale dedito a tale traffici connesso a Yusuf Sonmez, chirurgo turco coinvolto nel caso Medicus in Kosovo. Oppure il caso di M.R., imprenditore agricolo di San Cipriano d'Aversa ammalato di diabete, avvicinato nel 1998 da un americano in un pub a Pinetamare, per anni area abitata da militari dell'U.S. Navy. Lo straniero avrebbe messo in contatto l'imprenditore con aiuto fornendo il recapito della clinica turca e del chirurgo - sempre lui: Sonmez. Un nuovo rene, una nuova vita, in cambio di 220 milioni di lire. L'indagine fu archiviata.
Traffici di armi e traffici di organi: chi si è avvicinato troppo alla verità, non ha vissuto abbastanza a lungo per raccontarla. Nel maggio 1996, Xavier Bernard Gautier, corrispondente de Le Figaro e attento conoscitore dei Balcani, fu trovato impiccato nella sua casa sull'isola di Minorca, Spagna. Le autorità spagnole non ebbero dubbi sulla sua morte: un suicidio. Tuttavia le circostanze erano, per così dire, singolari. Lo trovarono con le mani legate; sulle mura di casa la scritta "Traditore" e "Diavolo Rosso". E Diavolo Rosso era il soprannome di Roberto Delle Fave, il mercenario italiano che aveva combattuto in Bosnia per le forze croate e che gli avrebbe rivelato i retroscena di un traffico di armi verso l'Austria e un traffico di organi verso l'Italia.
Un giornalista francese dichiarò alla stampa che Gautier stava scrivendo un articolo in cui "non solo criminali di guerra nell'ex Jugoslavia, ma anche importanti italiani." E qualche anno più tardi, i magistrati Nicola Maria Pace e Federico Frezza della Procura di Trieste seguirono proprio la pista di un presunto traffico di organi di immigranti cinesi fra l'Italia e la ex Jugoslavia.
Tali inquietanti retroscena non hanno impedito ad alcuni chirurghi di definirsi come "Robin Hood" che rischiano le loro carriere per fornire organi a coloro che vedono in faccia la morte aspettando di essere i prossimi in lista in regolari trapianti.
Ma Scheper-Hughes rifiuta di credere che questi dottori agiscano per motivi umanitari, e aggiunge che conosce un dottore turco che ha praticato trapianti con organi "scaduti".
"Nessuno con un po' di senno permetterebbe ai dottori di trapiantare un organo vecchio di 100 ore", sostiene Scheper-Hughes. "I professionisti dei trapianti sanno cosa sta succedendo e non ne sono contenti, ma preferiscono lavare i panni sporchi in casa".
In Brasile, Scheper-Hughes ha iniziato a indagare su presunti rapimenti al fine di estrarre organi. Una volta è andata sotto copertura in una casa di adozioni illegali amministrata da una ex suora.
Scheper-Hughes disse alla ex religiosa che stava cercando un bambino. "Voglio un bambino sano, di circa otto o nove anni per dare un rene a mio figlio. Voglio adottarlo fino al trapianto. Poi te manderò indietro e ti pagherò quanto vuoi... sempre che la cifra sia ragionevole."
La trafficante di bambini rispose: "Guarda, trovare il bambino non è un problema. Puoi fare quello che vuoi con lui. Ma non lo voglio indietro. Prendilo, è tuo. Cosa ci fai con lui sono affari tuoi."
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Da: "Y.&K.Truempy"Data: 08 settembre 2011 18.22.24 GMT+02.00Oggetto: SOS LibyenSOS Libyen: Wie es gelingt, die Friedensbewegung zu paralisieren.…. Es ist wie im Falle Jugoslawien. Es ist wie im Falle Irak. Es ist wie bei den Kriegen Israels gegen Libanon und Gaza. Auch der Krieg der Nato-Staaten gegen Libyen folgt der Warden-Doktrin von 1998, der nach Colonel John A.Warden benannten Luftkriegsdoktrin der U.S. Air Force, die "ganz bewusst auf die Zerstörung der Lebensgrundlage eines Staates abzielt und insbesondere auch die Zivilbevölkerung selbst zum expliziten Ziel deklariert" (nach Jürgen Rose, Oberstleutnant der Bundeswehr). Das geschieht unter Missachtung von Artikel 54 des Zweiten Zusatzprotokolls zur Genfer Konvention, der es verbietet, "für die Zivilbevölkerung lebensnotwendige Objekte" anzugreifen oder zu zerstören ..…Der ganze Artikel: http://www.arbeiterfotografie.com/nordafrika/index-nordafrika-0026.htmlArbeiterfotografie - Forum für Engagierte FotografieAnneliese Fikentscher
Andreas Neumann
Merheimer Str. 107
D-50733 Köln
Tel: 0221/727 999
Fax: 0221/732 55 88
eMail: arbeiterfotografie@...
Web: www.arbeiterfotografie.comWeitere Artikel im Anhang:Der Angriff auf Libyen wurde schon vor Jahren geplant: Aufstand nach Plan (junge Welt)Afrika sorgt sich vor neuem Kolonialismus: BombenPropagandaKrieg (Ossietzky)
Aufstand nach Plan
Hintergrund. Zuverlässige Freunde des Westens – Über die Führungsriege der libyschen Rebellen
Von Knut Mellenthin
Die Führung des Nationalen Übergangsrats (NTC) der libyschen Rebellen hat am Wochenende erstmals die vollständige Zusammensetzung dieses Gremiums bekanntgegeben. Der NTC wurde am 27. Februar, nur zehn Tage nach Beginn des bewaffneten Aufstands, gebildet. Er bestand zunächst aus 31 Mitgliedern, die angeblich alle Regionen und Städte Libyens – also nicht nur die von den Rebellen kontrollierten – repräsentieren sollten. Aber nur 13 der Namen wurden damals veröffentlicht, die übrigen »aus Sicherheitsgründen« geheimgehalten.
Den Vorsitz des offiziell von allen Strömungen der Aufständischen anerkannten Führungsgremiums übernahm der erst wenige Tage zuvor zurückgetretene frühere Justizminister Mustafa Abdul Dschalil. Als Sprecher des NTC und stellvertretender Vorsitzender fungiert Abdul Hafiz Ghoga, Vorsitzender der Anwaltskammer von Bengasi, der sich als Verteidiger politischer Gefangener einen Namen gemacht hat. Mit der Zuständigkeit für »militärische Angelegenheiten« wurde Omar Al-Hariri betraut. Wegen der aufgeflogenen Planung eines Putsches gegen seinen früheren Kampfgefährten Muammar Ghaddafi war er 1975 zum Tode verurteilt, später aber zu einer Haftstrafe begnadigt worden. In den letzten Jahren bis zu seinem Anschluß an die Rebellen hatte er nur noch unter Hausarrest gestanden. Hariri hat seine verantwortliche Position inzwischen aus nicht bekanntgemachten Gründen verloren.
Verantwortlicher des NTC für »auswärtige Angelegenheiten und internationale Verbindungen« ist Mahmud Dschibril. Er hatte 1980 und 1985 akademische Abschlüsse in Politischen Wissenschaften und Strategischer Wirtschaftsplanung an der Universität von Pittsburgh (USA) gemacht und anschließend jahrelang dort unterrichtet. Außerdem entwickelte er unter amerikanischer Regie Kursprogramme für leitende Manager in arabischen Ländern.
Dschibril kehrte erst 2005 nach Libyen zurück und stieg auffallend schnell, kaum zwei Jahre später, zum Leiter der zentralen Arbeitsgruppen für Wirtschaftsreformen und Privatisierung auf. Er verdankte das, wie viele andere Reformer auch, der Protektion durch Ghaddafis Sohn Saif Al-Islam. In seinen Funktionen war Dschibril ein sehr geschätzter Gesprächspartner und Informant der amerikanischen Botschaft in Tripolis. Die Entwicklung enger und allseitiger Beziehungen zwischen beiden Ländern war eines seiner zentralen Themen.
Der 1952 geborene Politiker gilt als Freund des französischen Präsidenten Nicolas Sarkozy und stand neben ihm, als dieser am 10. März bekanntgab, daß Frankreich als erstes Land der Welt den Nationalen Übergangsrat als einzige legitime Regierung Libyens anerkannt hatte. Dschibril ist auch Vorsitzender des von den Rebellen am 23. März gebildeten Exekutivrats. Das entspricht der Position des Premierministers der Übergangsregierung.
Die am Wochenende veröffentlichte Personalliste des NTC enthält nunmehr 40 Namen. Nach Angaben des Ratsvorsitzenden Dschalil soll das Gremium später auf 80 Mitglieder erweitert und dann anscheinend eine Art Übergangsparlament bis zu den versprochenen Wahlen bilden, die in acht Monaten stattfinden sollen.
Moslem-Schreck
Die New York Times wies am Wochenende darauf hin, daß unter den 40 Mitgliedern des Übergangsrats nur ein einziger identifizierbarer Islamist sei, und gab seinen Namen mit Lamin Belhadsch an. In dem Artikel hieß es weiter, daß er der Verantwortliche der Rebellen in der Hauptstadt Tripolis sei. Allerdings trägt der dortige Vorsitzende des örtlichen Militärrats die Vornamen Abdul Hakim. Außerdem wird diesem eine frühere Mitgliedschaft in den militanten Islamischen Kampfgruppen (LIFG) nachgesagt. Dagegen schreibt die New York Times ihrem Lamin Belhadsch eine Zugehörigkeit zum libyschen Zweig der Moslembruderschaft zu, der – so das Blatt – bei den meisten Libyern als »gemäßigt« gelte. Es ist demnach ungewiß, ob es sich wirklich um ein und dieselbe Person handelt.
In einer seltenen Koalition von links bis rechtsaußen wurde Abdul Hakim Belhadsch in den vergangenen Tagen als »Al-Qaida-Mann« oder sogar als »Spitzenführer von Al-Qaida« angegriffen. Für diese Gerüchte gibt es jedoch keine Anhaltspunkte. Obwohl sich Belhadsch nacheinander in US-amerikanischer und libyscher Haft befand, wurde er niemals vor Gericht gestellt. Aus rechtsstaatlicher Sicht gibt es also überhaupt keine erwiesenen Vorwürfe gegen ihn. Sein Name steht lediglich als Symbol für eine Kampagne, die mit dem Moslem-Schreck arbeitet, um bestimmte politische Vorstellungen und Ziele zu transportieren.
Weiter als alle anderen ging das israelische Online-Magazin DEBKAfile, das oft als Sprachrohr des Auslandsgeheimdienstes Mossad bezeichnet wird. Kennzeichnend für seine Veröffentlichungen ist, daß sie nicht nur schlecht recherchiert sind, sondern einen klaren Desinformationscharakter haben und zum Teil nicht nur übertrieben, sondern frei erfunden scheinen.
Am 28. August schrieb DEBKAfile, daß sich Tripolis nun in der Hand »kämpfender islamistischer Brigaden« befinde, »die zu Al-Qaida gehören«. »Keine westliche oder libysche Militärstreitmacht kann daran denken, in absehbarer Zukunft die Islamisten aus der libyschen Hauptstadt zu vertreiben. Damit hat Libyen ein neues Modell geschaffen, das die islamistischen Extremisten nur ermutigen kann, weitere Gewinne aufgrund der arabischen Revolte anzupeilen. Sie können mit Recht zur Schlußfolgerung gelangen, daß ihnen die NATO bei einer Rebellion zum Sturz irgendeines anderen autokratischen arabischen Herrschers zu Hilfe kommen wird. (…) Zum ersten Mal haben die Armeen der westlichen NATO-Länder sich direkt an der Einnahme einer arabischen Hauptstadt und dem Sturz ihres Herrschers durch extremistische islamische Kräfte beteiligt.«
Hier wird schon der hochdramatische Ton angeschlagen, der vielleicht in den kommenden Wochen immer stärker die Stimmungsmache der Mainstreammedien bestimmen wird – wenn es nämlich um die Stabilisierung und Neuordnung der Verhältnisse im Sinne der westlichen Helfer und Unterstützer der »libyschen Revolution« gehen wird. Die Marginalisierung islamistischer Kräfte wird dabei eines der zentralen Ziele sein.
Bestens vorbereitet
Zugleich dient das hysterische Al-Qaida-Geschrei aber auch dazu, von der einfachen Tatsache abzulenken, daß die politische Führung des Aufstands vom ersten Moment an in den zuverlässigen Händen von alten Bekannten der westlichen Regierungen lag und liegt. In einigen Fällen kann und muß man wohl sogar von westlichen Agenten sprechen. Islamische Fundamentalisten, die es unter den Rebellen vermutlich wirklich in erheblicher Anzahl gibt, dienten nur als Kanonenfutter. Sie haben ihre Schuldigkeit schon jetzt im wesentlichen getan.
Die libysche Revolution war offenbar von langer Hand geplant und vorbereitet worden. Die Kundgebungen gegen Ghaddafi, die von Anfang an mit Gewalttätigkeiten verbunden waren, begannen Mitte Februar und setzten sich am 17. Februar als sogenannter »Tag der Wut« landesweit fort. Innerhalb weniger Tage nahmen die Proteste vor allem im Osten des Landes, aber keineswegs nur dort, die Form eines bewaffneten Aufstands an.
Schon in den allerersten Tagen nach dem Beginn der Revolte setzte eine Welle von Rücktritten ein, die mit angeblichen Grausamkeiten und unverhältnismäßig schweren Militäreinsätzen gegen die Protestbewegung begründet wurden. Den Anfang machte am 21. Februar Libyens Botschafter in Indien, Ali Al-Essawi. Bevor er nach Indien mehr oder weniger abgeschoben worden war, gehörte Al-Essawi unter anderem als Minister für Wirtschaft, Handel und Investitionen zu den führenden Reformern seines Landes. In dieser Funktion war er ein guter Bekannter US-amerikanischer und anderer westlicher Diplomaten. Wenige Tage nach seinem Rücktritt wurde er gleichberechtigt neben Dschibril einer der beiden außenpolitischen Reisebotschafter der Rebellen und war unter anderem an deren Anerkennung durch Frankreich beteiligt.
Ebenfalls am 21. Februar trat Justizminister Dschalil zurück, am folgenden Tag schloß sich auch Innenminister Abdul Fatah Junis, ein Armeegeneral, den Aufständischen an. Schon am 20. Februar war Einwanderungsminister Ali Errischi zu den Rebellen übergelaufen. Allerdings ist dieser Politiker wenig bekannt, so daß sein Schritt kaum in den Medien notiert wurde. Regierungssprecher Mohamed Amer Baju distanzierte sich am 21. Februar öffentlich von Ghaddafi, und Generalstaatsanwalt Abdul-Rahman Al-Abbar erklärte am 25. Februar seinen Rücktritt.
Besonders zahlreich waren Protesterklärungen, teilweise verbunden mit Amtsniederlegungen, im diplomatischen Korps. In einem ganz kurzen Zeitraum zwischen 20. und 25. Februar gingen unter anderem folgende libyschen Botschafter auf Distanz zu ihrer Regierung: Abdel Rahman Schalgam (UNO), Ali Suleiman Aujali (USA), Mohamed Salaheddine Zarem (Frankreich) und Abdulmoneim Al-Honi (Arabische Liga). Ferner auch die Botschafter in Australien, Österreich, Bangladesch, Belgien, Indien, Indonesien, Jordanien, den Niederlanden, Polen, Ungarn, Schweden sowie Dutzende von hochrangigen Botschaftsmitarbeitern und Konsuln.
An so viel Spontaneität innerhalb weniger Tage läßt sich nicht glauben. Offensichtlich gab es innerhalb des politischen und diplomatischen Apparats schon seit einiger Zeit ein gut funktionierendes informelles Netzwerk, das in der Lage war, nach Beginn des Aufstands sehr schnell öffentlich in Erscheinung zu treten.
Noch eindeutiger zeigte sich die Existenz dieses Netzwerks in der unglaublichen Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Rebellen eine einheitliche Führung in Form des Übergangsrats präsentieren konnten. Alle vergleichbaren Beispiele aus anderen Ländern zeigen, daß das normalerweise zumindest ein Prozeß von mehreren Monaten ist, der selbst dann nicht widerspruchsfrei und gradlinig abläuft. Immerhin mußten in Libyen zuvor zehn bis zwanzig zum Teil grundverschieden ausgerichtete Gruppierungen unter einen Hut gebracht werden. Außerdem mußte das starke Mißtrauen vieler Altoppositioneller gegen die gerade erst aus dem Führungskreis um Ghaddafi ausgeschiedenen Politiker zumindest für eine Übergangszeit beruhigt und neutralisiert werden. Letztlich war das vermutlich nur dadurch zu erreichen, daß einige ausländische Regierungen und Dienste schon seit Monaten ein strammes Regiment über den »Vereinigungsprozeß« geführt hatten und sich auf maßgebliche Akteure verlassen konnten.
Ein alter Bekannter
Außenminister Mussa Kussa, der sich am 30. März den britischen Behörden stellte, war ein später Nachzügler der wie verabredet laufenden großen Absetzbewegung, ist aber zugleich eine ihrer interessantesten Figuren. Er galt viele Jahre lang als engster Vertrauter Ghaddafis. Zu Beginn des Aufstands hatte er die Rebellen noch ganz im Sinn der Regierungslinie als fanatische islamistische Terroristen dargestellt.
Bevor er im März 2009 ins Kabinett berufen wurde, war Kussa seit 1994, also stattliche 15 Jahre lang, Leiter des Auslandsgeheimdienstes gewesen. Schon zuvor war er jahrelang in diesem Bereich tätig, soll Attentate geplant, Morde an Exiloppositionellen in Auftrag gegeben und die Unterstützung von nationalen Befreiungsbewegungen organisiert haben. Praktisch alles, was Libyen und speziell Ghaddafi jemals vorgeworfen wurde, vom La-Belle-Anschlag (1986) bis zur Sprengung eines US-amerikanischen Passagierflugzeugs über dem schottischen Ort Lockerbie (1988), war auch mit Kussa in Verbindung gebracht worden.
Die US-Regierung zögerte dennoch nicht lange, schon am 4. April die gegen ihn verhängten Sanktionen aufzuheben und seine beschlagnahmten Konten freizugeben. Die EU folgte am 14. April. Noch schneller war Großbritannien gewesen, obwohl dort zugleich offiziell betont wurde, daß der Libyer keine strafrechtliche Immunität genieße, sondern – unter anderem wegen mutmaßlicher Mitwirkung an libyschen Waffenlieferungen für die IRA – vielleicht sogar mit einem Prozeß rechnen müsse.
Die britischen Behörden hatten andererseits jedoch nichts dagegen, daß Kussa nach einer gründlichen Befragung durch den Geheimdienst MI6 und die schottische Polizei – wegen Lockerbie – Mitte April das Land verließ, um in Katar an einer Libyen-Konferenz der Interventionsstaaten teilzunehmen. Kussa residiert seither überwiegend in dem Kleinstaat auf der arabischen Halbinsel, der sich in den vergangenen Jahren zu einem Zentrum internationaler Agententätigkeit und suspekter politischer Umtriebe entwickelt hat. Katar ist im übrigen der einzige arabische Staat, der sich offen und direkt an der Militärintervention der NATO beteiligt hat.
Presseberichten zufolge hat Kussa aufgrund seiner intimen Kenntnisse des libyschen Führungs- und Sicherheitsapparats eine wichtige Rolle als Berater der Interventen gespielt. Insbesondere soll er auch bei der Festlegung der Bombenziele geholfen haben. Er scheint nun darauf zu warten, daß er mit Hilfe seiner westlichen Freunde auf eine leitende Position im postrevolutionären Libyen gelangen kann. Die Stimmung der Rebellen ist allerdings gegen ihn. Außerdem wären die immer noch drohenden Strafverfahren in Großbritannien und den USA – die Reihe ließe sich vermutlich erweitern – hinderlich.
Es ist nicht unwahrscheinlich, daß der frühere Geheimdienstchef schon bei der Planung und Vorbereitung der libyschen »Revolution« mit interessierten westlichen Kreisen zusammengewirkt hat. Die Kontakte waren jedenfalls außerordentlich eng, spätestens seit er – hauptsächlich wohl im Auftrag und mit Wissen Ghaddafis – nach dem 11. September 2001 eng mit den westlichen Geheimdiensten bei der weltweiten Terrorismusbekämpfung kooperiert hatte. Er hatte sich darüber hinaus später als Außenminister sehr stark für eine Intensivierung der Beziehungen zum Westen, vor allem zu den USA, engagiert. Sensationalistische Quellen behaupten, Kussa habe schon seit 2001 als Agent für MI6 und CIA gearbeitet. Beweisen läßt sich das jedoch nicht. Es handelt sich um reine Mutmaßungen, die als Tatsachen präsentiert werden.
Der Mann der CIA
Eindeutig ist die CIA-Connection hingegen im Falle von Khalifa Haftar, der eine – allerdings nicht genau definierte – hohe Stellung in der militärischen Hierarchie der Rebellen einnimmt. Der ehemalige Oberst der libyschen Streitkräfte traf am 14. März (oder etwas früher) aus den USA kommend in Bengasi ein und stellte sich schon wenige Tage später als neuer Militärchef des Übergangsrates vor. Der frühere Innenminister Junis, der eigentlich diese Position innehatte, sei ihm von nun an untergeordnet, behauptete Haftar in selbstherrlichem Ton. Die Entscheidung im Rat fiel jedoch schließlich zugunsten von Junis.
Haftar war ein Ghaddafi-Anhänger der ersten Stunde und hatte 1969 als junger Kadett dessen Putsch gegen König Idris unterstützt. Sein Weg zum militanten »Regimegegner« begann, als er 1987 im Tschad zusammen mit über hundert anderen libyschen Soldaten gefangengenommen wurde, die unter seinem Kommando gestanden hatten. Ghaddafi hatte, ebenso wie Frankreich, jahrelang militärische Einmischung in die permanenten Bürgerkriege des Tschad betrieben. Nach seiner Gefangennahme stellte sich Haftar dem Herrscher des Tschad, Hissène Habré, und zugleich auch der CIA zur Verfügung, um eine gegen Ghaddafi gerichtete Truppe, genannt Libysche Nationalarmee (LNA), aufzubauen. Diese wurde der schon 1981 unter kräftiger US-amerikanischer Mithilfe gegründeten Nationalen Front für die Rettung Libyens (NFSL) angegliedert, die ein scheinbar demokratisches und liberales Programm vertritt.
Die LNA kam allerdings kaum zum Einsatz, da sich nach dem Sturz Habrés im Dezember 1990 die Beziehungen zwischen Libyen und Tschad wesentlich verbesserten. Hunderte von LNA-Mitgliedern wurden mit Hilfe der CIA evakuiert und landeten nach einer Odyssee durch mehrere afrikanische Staaten schließlich in den USA, wo sie Asyl erhielten.
Haftar selbst kam in Vienna, Virginia, unter, das nur wenige Kilometer von der CIA-Zentrale Langley entfernt ist. Er lebte dort fast zwanzig Jahre, bis er sich in Bengasi meldete, um die militärische Führung zu übernehmen. Selbst wenn Haftar schließlich nur zweiter Mann hinter Junis wurde, ist der Vorgang hoch auffällig: Ein Mann, der letztmals vor 23 Jahren Soldaten im Kriegseinsatz kommandiert hat, wird von den Rebellen fast augenblicklich in eine leitende Stellung gehievt. Ohne massive Protektion und Einflußnahme US-amerikanischer Dienststellen bliebe dieser rasante Aufstieg völlig unerklärlich. Berichten zufolge soll der Exoberst für eine Reihe militärischer Mißerfolge der Aufständischen verantwortlich gewesen sein.
Mit der Ermordung von Junis am 28. Juli unter immer noch unerklärten Umständen wurde möglicherweise der Weg für Haftar an die Spitze der Rebellenstreitkräfte freigeschossen. Das läßt einen geheimdienstlichen Hintergrund der Mordtat immerhin als denkbar und plausibel erscheinen. Es bleibt abzuwarten, wie Haftar künftig in der postrevolutionären Hierarchie plaziert werden wird.
Bemerkenswert ist in diesem Zusammenhang, daß die von den USA aus geleitete und gelenkte NFSL während des gesamten Aufstands kaum in Erscheinung trat. Erst seit wenigen Wochen taucht ihr Generalsekretär, Ibrahim Abdulasis Sahad, verstärkt als Gesprächspartner westlicher Medien auf. Er war schon vor Ghaddafis Staatsstreich von 1969 Offizier und nachrichtendienstlicher Instrukteur in den königlichen Streitkräften, wurde nach der Revolution als Diplomat in mehrere Länder geschickt und setzte sich ungefähr um 1980 ab, um etwas später die NFSL zu gründen. Sahad hat jetzt damit begonnen, ein eigenes politisches Profil gegenüber dem NTC zu entwickeln – und spricht bereits wie Ghaddafi. So etwa, wenn er kategorisch behauptet, in Libyen gebe es keine Stammeskonflikte, »There is no tribal conflict«, und Libyen sei einig: »There is no problem of uniting Libya, because Libya is united.« (Interview mit ABC, World Today, 23. August) Man sollte auf den Namen Sahad achten: Er könnte sich künftig zur »Stimme Amerikas« entwickeln.
junge Welt, 31.08.2011
Bomben- und Propagandakrieg
Joachim Guilliard
Die Diskrepanzen in der Darstellung des Krieges in Libyen könnten kaum größer sein: Während westliche Medien vom Sieg des Volkes über Gaddafi berichten, wird der Sturm auf Tripolis in Lateinamerika, Afrika und Asien als imperiales Verbrechen verurteilt. So prangern 200 prominente afrikanische Künstler, Wissenschaftler und Politiker in einer gemeinsamen Erklärung Frankreich, die USA und Großbritannien als »Schurkenstaaten« an und bezeichnen deren Politik als »ernsthafte Gefahr einer neuen Kolonialisierung« des Kontinents. Hierzulande hingegen halten die tonangebenden Politiker und Publizisten hartnäckig am Bild einer »demokratischen Revolution« fest, deren Entfaltung durch die NATO geschützt wurde. Für den Nahost-Experten Volker Perthes, führender Kopf der regierungsnahen »Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik«, rechtfertigt der Erfolg das Vorgehen – trotz der von ihm angegeben Schätzung von 30.000 Kriegstoten.
Dabei war von Anfang an klar, daß sich die Aufständischen nur dank der militärischen Unterstützung der Kriegsallianz halten und durchsetzen konnten. Die geringe Stärke der Gegner Gaddafis und der anhaltend große Rückhalt für sein Regime zwang die NATO-Mächte schließlich, die letzte Rücksicht auf die UN-Resolution 1973, die bis dato als Feigenblatt gedient hatte, fallen zu lassen und mit eigenen Truppen die Führung beim Sturm auf die Hauptstadt zu übernehmen.
Als im Juli der Krieg gegen Libyen in den fünften Monat ging und die libyschen Rebellen trotz einer militärischen, finanziellen und politischen Unterstützung, wie sie kaum eine oppositionelle Bewegung je zuvor bekommen hatte, keine nennenswerte Fortschritte erzielten, ging die Stimmung innerhalb der Kriegsallianz in den Keller. »Von inneren Auseinandersetzungen gebeutelt« und »unterminiert durch das rücksichtslose und undisziplinierte Verhalten ihrer Milizen« scheine der Aufstand gegen Oberst Gaddafi in einen trüben Konkurrenzkampf zwischen verschiedenen Fraktionen und Stämmen überzugehen, klagte noch am 13. August die New York Times. >Frankreichs Verteidigungsminister Gérard Longuet sprach im französischen Fernsehen sogar schon von einem Scheitern der militärischen Operation. Die Dinge müßten sich in Tripolis bewegen, so Longuet. »Um es deutlich zu sagen, die Bevölkerung muß sich erheben.«
Die Großdemonstrationen im Juli, bei denen Hunderttausende in Tripolis und anderen Städten gegen die NATO und deren lokale Verbündete demonstrierten, machten diese Hoffnung zunichte. So blieb nur noch Plan B: den Feldzug am Boden selbst zu übernehmen und auch den »Aufstand in Tripolis« selbst zu inszenieren. Mit Beginn des islamischen Fastenmonats Ramadan begann die Kriegsallianz ihre Offensive, die Mitte August zum Durchbruch führte. Rebellenmilizen und aufständische Stammeskämpfer drangen in strategisch wichtige Städte rund um die Hauptstadt vor und schnitten ihr die Versorgungswege ab. Überraschend schnell gelang der Einmarsch in Tripolis.
Von einem »Sieg der Rebellen« oder gar einem »Sturz des Diktators durch das eigene Volk« wie beispielsweise die taz sogleich frohlockte, kann keine Rede sein. Ausschlaggebend für diese Erfolge waren allein die Intensivierung des Luftkrieges und der Einsatz von Elitetruppen der NATO an der Spitze der Rebellenmilizen. Indem die acht kriegführenden NATO-Mächte ihre Luftangriffe nun auf die vorgesehene Marschroute der Rebellenverbände konzentrierten, bombten sie diesen sukzessive den Weg frei; sie »weichten« die Angriffsziele für die Rebellen »auf«, wie es Derek Flood vom US-Think Tank Jamestown Foundation ausdrückt. Ein solches »Aufweichen« durch flächendeckende Bombardierung kostete allein in dem Dorf Majer, nahe der umkämpften Stadt Sliten, über 80 Männern, Frauen und Kindern das Leben.
Wie anschließend immer deutlicher ans Licht kam, hatten britische und französische Elite-Einheiten, unterstützt von jordanischen und katarischen Spezialkräften, die Führung beim Vormarsch übernommen. Diese Elitetruppen wiesen die NATO-Bomber ein und steuerten das Eingreifen der Kampfhubschrauber, die mit ihrer ungeheuren Feuerkraft den Angreifern den Weg freischossen. Sobald die Verteidiger sich gezwungen sahen, sich den Angreifern entgegenzustellen, wurden sie von Kampfjets und Hubschraubern unter Feuer genommen.
Auch libysche Spezialkräfte, die in den letzten Monaten von NATO-Staaten aufgebaut und trainiert worden waren, trugen zu den Erfolgen bei. Ein Teil von ihnen wurde zusammen mit erheblichen Mengen an Waffen und Ausrüstung vor dem Angriff nach Tripolis geschmuggelt, wo sie (lt. CBS News) bewaffnete »Schläferzellen« bildeten. Indem diese im entscheidenden Moment an zentralen Stellen zuschlugen, konnten sie den Eindruck vermitteln, die Hauptstadt wäre in kurzer Zeit in die Hände der Rebellen gefallen.
Diese Art der psychologischen Kriegführung spielte eine entscheidende Rolle. Mit einem Feuerwerk stark übertriebener oder erfundener Erfolgsmeldungen versuchte man, unter den Bewohnern der angegriffen Städte Panik und das Gefühl der Aussichtslosigkeit jeglichen Widerstands zu verbreiten. Indem die internationalen Medien solche Meldungen bereitwillig wiedergaben, verstärkten sie deren Wirkung, während die Zerstörung der staatlichen Radio- und Fernsehsender durch NATO-Bomben der Regierung die Möglichkeit zu Richtigstellungen nahm. Allein die Falschmeldung über die Gefangennahme der Gaddafi-Söhne, die weltweit verbreitet und vom Internationalen Strafgerichtshof bekräftigt wurde, habe den Rebellen einen erheblichen politischen und militärischen Vorteil verschafft, verkündete stolz der Chef des Übergangsrats, Mahmoud Dschibril. Viele Soldaten hätten daraufhin den Kampf aufgegeben (s. Reuters, 23.8.11) Doch in Deutschland erhält man mit manipulierten Bildern angeblicher Jubelfeiern in Tripolis das Bild eines Volkaufstandes aufrecht.
An ein baldiges Ende der Kämpfe in Libyen ist nicht zu denken, noch weniger an eine demokratische Entwicklung. Auch wenn die NATO und ihre Verbündeten endgültig die Oberhand im Land gewinnen, ist nicht zu erwarten, dass sich das Gros der Bevölkerung nun ohne weiteres den Eroberern unterordnet. Ohne militärische Unterstützung wird der »Nationale Übergangsrat« sich nicht lange als neue Regierung halten können. Planungen für die Entsendung von Besatzungstruppen sind daher offenbar seit langem in Gange. Die Ideen orientieren sich an der Kosovo-Mission, die nach Ende des Jugoslawienkrieges 1999 die Verwaltung der abtrünnigen serbischen Provinz übernahm. Ein Hilfeersuchen des Übergangsrats könnte das legale Mäntelchen liefern.
Die Unverfrorenheit, mit der Frankreich, Großbritannien, die USA und ihre Verbündeten vor den Augen der Welt ein Land angriffen, verwüsteten und die Regierung stürzten, ist für die Länder im Süden alarmierend. Viele Beobachter und Analysten, wie der indische Politologe Madhav Das Nalapat, sehen zu Recht einen Rückfall der UNO in die Zeit des Völkerbundes; der hatte sich in den 1920er Jahren zu einem Instrument geopolitischer Interessen vor allem Großbritanniens und Frankreichs entwickelt. Die Sorge der Afrikaner vor einem neuen Kolonialismus ist nicht übertrieben.
Erschienen in Ossietzky 18/2011
===
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http://rt.com/news/hague-mladic-interview-rt/
http://rt.com/news/mladic-interview-srebrenica-massacre-155/
Interview with Ratko Mladic: full transcript
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-z6xgV5LsK0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qilwG4fmJgI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtRGIp4_m6Q
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmBD7A2kmN8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FE-Xt-fJJi0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9XE15YoAkA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OwyYYfJA2mk
http://www.frontal.rs/index.php?option=btg_novosti&catnovosti=6&idnovost=11533
It was genocide. Charles Krauthammer called it “the largest ethnic cleansing of the entire Balkan wars.” A March 1999 New York Times article agreed with him.
“Investigators with the war-crimes tribunal in the Hague have concluded that this campaign was carried out with brutality, wanton murder and indiscriminate shelling of civilians,” Krauthammer wrote.
Is this the dreaded “Srebrenica” massacre, the “worst atrocity in Europe since the Second World War” perpetrated by the evil Serbs led by Ratko Mladic, who has now been arrested and will be brought to justice?
No.
This genocide was carried out by the Croats—the “good guys”—and so it was encouraged and praised by the West.
The massacre Krauthammer was describing was in the region of Krajina in Croatia. Croatian troops forced an estimated 200,000 Serbs to flee (National Post, March 13, 2004).
“A war that begins with civilian areas being shelled at 5 a.m. when women and children are asleep in their beds and ends with a massive exodus of more than 100,000 people is surely tantamount to ethnic cleansing,” said UN spokesman Chris Gunness.
According to Robert Fisk, writing in the Independent, the European Union’s confidential assessment from Krajina stated the following:
Evidence of atrocities; an average of six corpses p/day, continues to emerge … the corpses; some fresh, some decomposed, are mainly of old men. Many have been shot in the back of the head or had throats slit, others have been mutilated. Isolated pockets of elderly civilians report people recently gone missing or detained …. Endless Croat invitations for Serbs to return, guarantees of citizens’ rights and property rights, etc., have gushed forth from all levels …. However, Serbian homes and lands … continue to be torched and looted.
Contrary to official statements blaming it on fleeing Serbs and uncontrollable elements, the crimes have been perpetrated by the HV Croatian Army, the CR Croatian police and CR civilians. There have been no observed attempts to stop it and the indications point to a scorched-earth policy.
Two senior Canadian military officers present in Croatia at the time testified that the Croatians attacked indiscriminately and targeted civilians.
One of these officers, Maj. Gen. Andrew Leslie, estimated around 500 civilians were murdered.
“In the hospital itself, there were bodies stacked in the corridors,” he said. “There were bodies in almost every hospital bed. And there were bodies lying in the foyer, the reception area and some of the corridors” (National Post, Dec. 9, 2005).
Yugoslav envoy Vladimir Pavicevic claimed that 15,000 Serbs were dead in Krajina, and that this total included slain refugees and soldiers who had already surrendered (Deutsche Presse-Agentur, Aug. 14, 1995). The International Committee of the Red Cross reported that 10,000 to 15,000 refugees were still missing, over three weeks after the initial attack (Sun Herald, Aug. 27, 1995).
Media Deception
Serbia’s earliest defeat came in the PR war. Early on, Serbia’s enemies engaged Ruder Finn, an American public relations firm, to get their message out. James Harff, director of Ruder Finn’s Global Public Affairs section, boasted about his success against Serbia.
“Nobody understood what was going on in (former) Yugoslavia,” he said in an October 1993 interview. “The great majority of Americans were probably asking themselves in which African country Bosnia was situated.”
Ruder Finn took advantage of this ignorance. Its first goal was to persuade the Jews to oppose the Serbs—not an easy task. “The Croatian and Bosnian past was marked by a real and cruel anti-Semitism,” said Harff. “Tens of thousands of Jews perished in Croatian camps. So there was every reason for intellectuals and Jewish organizations to be hostile towards the Croats and Bosnians.”
Harff used a couple reports in the New York Newsday about Serbian concentration camps to persuade Jewish groups to demonstrate against the Serbs. “This was a tremendous coup,” said Harff. “When the Jewish organizations entered the game on the side of the Bosnians, we could promptly equate the Serbs with the Nazis in the public mind.”
He continued: “By a single move, we were able to present a simple story of good guys and bad guys which would hereafter play itself. We won by targeting Jewish audience, the right target. Almost immediately there was a clear change of language in the press, with the use of words with high emotional content, such as ‘ethnic cleansing,’ ‘concentration camps,’ etc., which evoked inmates of Nazi Germany and the gas chambers of Auschwitz. The emotional change was so powerful that nobody could go against it.”
Western reporting of the Balkan wars became spectacularly biased. Consider the following quotes, most of which are from people who were actually in the Balkans during the wars:
- “Those of us who served as UN commanders in Bosnia realized the majority of the media reports were biased, to say the least. Whenever we tried to set the record straight we were—and continue to be—accused of being ‘Serbian agents.’”—Lewis MacKenzie, former United Nations protection force general in the former Yugoslavia and commander of the Sarajevo sector
- “[T]he reporting and commenting of some members of the press corp in Sarajevo became close to becoming identified to the propaganda machine of the Bosnia government.”—United Nations Protection Force (unprofor) commander in Bosnia Gen. Sir Michael Rose
- “The American press has become very partisan and anti-Serbian. They are very selective and manipulative with the information they use.”—anonymous UN official
- “I’ve worked with the press for a long time, and I have never seen so much lack of professionalism and ethics in the press. Especially by the American press, there is an extremely hostile style of reporting.”—anonymous UN official
- “I was shocked when a relative read a story to me over the telephone. My byline was on top of the story, but I couldn’t recognize anything else.”—anonymous American correspondent in Belgrade
- “Despite steady reports of atrocities committed there by Croatian soldiers and paramilitary units against Serbs, which some Belgrade correspondents were later able to confirm, the stories that reached the world talked only of Serb abuses …. In a three-month study of news reports, Howard University Professor of International Relations Nikolaos Stavrou detected ‘a disturbing pattern in news coverage.’ He claimed most of the stories were based on ‘hearsay evidence,’ with few attempts to show the ‘other side’s perspectives.’ Ninety percent of the stories originated in Sarajevo, but only 5 percent in Belgrade. Stavrou’s analysis cited ethnic stereotyping, with Serbs referred to as primitive ‘remnants of the Ottoman Empire’ and Yugoslav army officers described as ‘orthodox communist generals’ … while newspaper photographs neglected to show suffering or dead Serbs or destroyed Serb churches and villages.”—Foreign Policy magazine
- “There is hypocrisy in the current outrage of Western journalists, politicians and voters. And perhaps even a strain of racism.”—Charles Lane, Newsweek
Foreign Policy magazine pointed out that news outlets published many photos they said showed victims of Serbian persecution. But the captions simply weren’t correct. In many cases, the victims themselves were Serbs.
Srebrenica
It is little wonder, then, that the events that took place in Srebrenica have been horribly twisted by the media. Yes, the Serbs killed Bosnian Muslims whom they had taken prisoner. But the context in which this occurred is vital to understanding this event.
The story portrayed in the media is that Bosnian Serbian forces under Ratko Mladic and Radovan Karadzic invaded the UN “safe haven” of Sarajevo. Here they let the women, children and elderly escape, before massacring all the men.
What is mentioned less often is that the Bosnia Muslims were using the UN “safe haven” as a base for attacks on Serbian civilians.
The UN admitted that Bosnian forces were violating the no-fly zone around Srebrenica and were smuggling weapons into the area (see testimony by David Harland, civil affairs officer and political adviser to the unprofor commander in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the ictyf).
In charge of the Muslim forces in Srebrenica was Naser Oric. Here is how French Gen. Philippe Morillon, commander of the UN troops in Bosnia from 1992 to 1993, described him: “Naser Oric engaged in attacks during Orthodox holidays and destroyed villages, massacring all the inhabitants. This created a degree of hatred that was quite extraordinary in the region ….”
In another part of his testimony, he stated, “There were terrible massacres committed by the forces of Naser Oric in all the surrounding villages.”
He also stated: “I think you will find this in other testimony, not just mine. Naser Oric was a warlord who reigned by terror in his area and over the population itself. I think that he realized that those were the rules of this horrific war, that he could not allow himself to take prisoners. According to my recollection, he didn’t even look for an excuse. It was simply a statement: One can’t be bothered with prisoners.”
This, naturally, infuriated the Serbs. “They were in this hellish circle of revenge,” said Morillon. “It was more than revenge that animated them all. Not only the men. The women, the entire population was imbued with this. It wasn’t the sickness of fear that had infected the entire population of Bosnia-Herzegovina, the fear of being dominated, of being eliminated, it was pure hatred.”
It was this hatred and circle of revenge that led to the Srebrenica massacre.
Continuing with Morillon’s testimony, the general stated that Oric pulled out of Srebrenica a week before it fell. “I said that Mladic had entered an ambush in Srebrenica, a trap, in fact. He expected to find resistance, but there was none. He didn’t expect the massacre to occur but he completely underestimated the amount of hatred that accrued. I don’t believe that he ordered the massacres, but I don’t know. That is my personal opinion.”
The Serbs finally reacted to Oric’s provocations. When they took Srebrenica far more easily than they thought they would they took their revenge on the men they found there. But, unlike Oric, they let the women and children go.
When asked by the judge if what the Serbs did in Srebrenica was a natural reaction to what happened under Oric, Morillon answered: “Yes. Yes, Your Honor. I am convinced of that. This doesn’t mean to pardon or diminish the responsibility of the people who committed that crime, but I am convinced of that, yes.”
The full context presents a very different picture of Srebrenica. It was not a cold-hearted Nazi-style final solution for Bosnian Muslims. Instead it was a crime of passion—still a crime, but one that was provoked by crimes on the other side.
Morillon still held Mladic responsible for what happened in Srebrenica because he didn’t follow through on international agreements two years earlier. But there is a big difference between a military leader who doesn’t trust the other side enough to make peace, and Adolf Eichmann.
“All the horrors of all the ages were brought together, and not only armies but whole populations were thrust into the midst of them,” wrote Winston Churchill after World War i. “The mighty educated states involved conceived—not without reason—that their very existence was at stake. Neither peoples nor rulers drew the line at any deed which they thought could help them to win. Germany, having let hell loose, kept well in the van of terror; but she was followed step by step by the desperate and ultimately avenging nations she had assailed. Every outrage against humanity or international law was repaid by reprisals—often of a greater scale and of longer duration.”
“When all was over, torture and cannibalism were the only two expedients that the civilized, scientific, Christian states had been able to deny themselves: And they were of doubtful utility,” concluded Churchill.
Does his description of World War i sound any different from what happened in Srebrenica? That doesn’t make it right, of course. But the real blame for Srebrenica lies with those who started the war.
Who Started the War?
Western media blame the “evil” Serbs for causing war by trying to grab as much territory as they could while Yugoslavia fell apart. The facts show a different picture.
Former chairman of the peace conference on Yugoslavia, Lord Peter Carrington, stated that the actions of the U.S., Germany and certain other European governments “made it sure there was going to be a conflict” in the region.
The European Community (precursor to the EU) was almost unanimous in agreeing that the best way to avoid a war in Yugoslavia was for it to remain one nation. Member states voted 11 to 1 in 1991 to support a resolution that stated that “the best way of achieving stability in the Balkans was for Yugoslavia to remain united, albeit in a revised, looser federal form.”
The one ended up overruling the 11.
Here’s how T.W. “Bill” Carr, associate publisher of Defense and Foreign Affairs’ Strategic Policy, describes what happened:
Germany, despite its current problems, remains the strongest economy in Europe. During the Maastricht negotiations, a reunited Germany used that power to further what appeared to be its historical strategic objective to control the territories of Croatia, Slovenia and Dalmatia, with their access to the Adriatic and Mediterranean.
During protracted negotiations, Germany wore down the other EC members and eventually, at 04.00 hours on the morning of the debate, the 11:1 vote to hold Yugoslavia united turned into a unanimous vote to recognize Croatia as an independent state on the grounds that the right to self-determination overruled all other criteria.
“In order to maintain its own unity, the EC sacrificed the unity of Yugoslavia, and with it, the stability of the Balkans,” Carr writes.
“Germany had won round one,” he continues. “Shortly after, Germany won round two when Bosnia-Herzegovina was also recognized, despite EC negotiator Lord Carrington’s advice that such a step would result in a civil war.”
America, too, allowed itself to be led by Germany into pushing Yugoslavia into civil war.
But Germany wasn’t alone. Carr writes, “The German/Croatian axis and expansionist Islam are the key players in the region, along with the very real interest and role played by the Vatican and the Croatian Catholic Church.”
These forces conspired to cause a war in Yugoslavia so Germany could regain its influence in the Balkans.
Here’s how Karadzic makes his case in a recent interview for Politics First:
The Germans wanted to take revenge on Yugoslavia for its involvement in World Wars i and ii on the side of the anti-German coalition; to support their allies in Slovenia and Croatia as well as the Bosnian Muslims; and to secure strategic access for themselves through Slovenia and Croatia to the Adriatic Sea, as it had a preference for a group of small countries in the European Union instead of a big one.
The Germans went on to back Serbia’s enemies. The German tv program Monitor unearthed evidence of German intelligence agents smuggling weapons to the Bosnia Muslims. Operating under the guise of neutral European Union monitors, Germany smuggled weapons and ammunition to Serbia’s enemies. Other monitors confirmed that German EU monitors smuggled arms through Croatia and Bosnia.
In 1997, Monitor reported that the mig-21 airplanes used by the Croatian Air Force “demonstrably came from Germany, were given a complete overhaul in the former Soviet Union and delivered to Croatia via Hungary.”
The program also stated, “Combat helicopters, tanks, artillery—many of the weapons that decided the outcome of the war—had been delivered with the help of the bnd, according to information of the American Defense Intelligence Service (dia). This is also confirmed by the internationally acknowledged military expert Paul Beaver.”
The Aug. 11-25, 1995, issue of Intelligence Digest stated that German pilots trained the Croatian Air Force.
The Monitor program also stated, “Without the German intelligence service, the smuggling could not have been accomplished.” The allegations caused an uproar in the German parliament, but as Britain’s Telegraph reported in 1997, “For many German politicians, however, the nub of the problem may not be the bnd’s operations at all—rather that it appears to have been caught out.”
Crucially, German and U.S. help won the Croats the media war. Little Croatia and Bosnia could not have won over the entire Western media without help. Sanctions placed on Yugoslavia meant it was unable to hire Western PR firms. Serbia’s enemies were able to get their message out unopposed.
Karadzic stated that “The media did more damage to us than nato bombs.”
Just the Beginning
Horrific as the events in the Balkans were, they are just the start of an even bigger, far worse conflict. As Trumpet editor in chief Gerald Flurry writes in his booklet The Rising Beast—Germany’s Conquest of the Balkans, “Yugoslavia is in fact the first victim of World War iii.”
“The first blow of World War iii has already been struck,” he writes. “That is because this same nation—Germany—will continue this aggressive war spirit until the whole world is dragged into a nuclear World War iii! So says history and Bible prophecy.”
War means events like the Krajina ethnic cleansing, and Srebrenica. As Churchill described, war means man unleashes all the destructive forces he has available. This time, man has more destructive power at his fingertips than ever before.
The truth is that Bosnia is already a victim of World War III.
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Oggetto: Milano venerdi 14/10: presentazione alla Libreria Odradek
Storie e memorie di una vicenda ignorata
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Storie e memorie di una vicenda ignorata
di Andrea Martocchia
con contributi di Susanna Angeleri, Gaetano Colantuono, Ivan Pavičevac
Prefazione di Davide Conti
Introduzione di Giacomo Scotti
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Le altre riflessioni che emergono dalla lettura del testo riguardano da un lato la questione della mancata punizione degli esponenti fascisti e dei vertici del regio esercito italiano responsabili di crimini di guerra contro le popolazioni civili occupate e dall’altro la completa assenza nella sfera pubblica nazionale di una lettura critica del passato, capace di fare i conti con le responsabilità dell’Italia rispetto agli eventi della seconda guerra mondiale. Sul piano internazionale, la collocazione in campi geopolitici contrapposti di Italia e Jugoslavia consentì al governo di Roma, grazie al sostegno degli Alleati anglo-americani, di evitare la consegna dei principali criminali di guerra al governo di Tito, ma parallelamente offrì l’opportunità di non riconoscere il peso e la valenza storico-militare del contributo jugoslavo alla Resistenza antifascista nella Penisola. (dalla Prefazione di Davide Conti)
I dittatori possono seminare odio e guerre, divisioni, distruzioni, morte e dolori (ed altro non sanno fare), ma i popoli alla fine sanno riconoscersi fratelli ed operare insieme, anche combattendo, per abbattere le dittature, costruire la democrazia e la pace. Come fecero i combattenti accorsi in Spagna in difesa della Repubblica combattendo contro Franco, italiani e jugoslavi insieme in alcuni reparti comuni; come fecero circa quarantamila soldati italiani passati nelle file dell’Esercito popolare di Liberazione jugoslavo dopo il settembre del Quarantatre trasformandosi da occupatori in combattenti della libertà col nome di garibaldini; come fecero quasi tutti gli jugoslavi finiti nei campi di internamento creati dal “duce” dando vita ai primi reparti della Resistenza in Italia già nel settembre di quel Quarantatre della svolta. (dalla Introduzione di Giacomo Scotti)
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Come diceva Brecht, ci siamo seduti dalla parte del torto perché tutti gli altri posti erano occupati. Avendo subito un attacco decisamente poco signorile, ho dovuto adeguarmi al linguaggio usato, e chiedo scusa ai lettori.
Claudia Cernigoi
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http://www.voltairenet.org/Declaration-de-Mahmoud-Ahmadinejad
Déclaration de Mahmoud Ahmadinejad à la 66e Assemblée générale de l’ONU
RÉSEAU VOLTAIRE | NEW YORK (ÉTATS-UNIS) | 22 SEPTEMBRE 2011
Au nom de Dieu, le Compatissant, le Miséricordieux,
« Loué soit Allah, le Seigneur de l’Univers, paix et bénédiction soient sur notre Maître et Prophète, Mahomet, sa pure demeure, ses nobles Compagnons et tous ses divins messagers »
« Ô Dieu, hâte l’arrivée de l’imam Al-Mahdi et accorde lui une bonne santé ainsi que la victoire et fais de nous ses disciples et ceux qui témoignent de sa justesse »
M. le Président,
Excellences,
Mesdames et Messieurs,
Je suis reconnaissant au tout-puissant Allah qui m’a accordé, une fois de plus, l’opportunité de paraître devant cette assemblée mondiale.
J’ai le plaisir d’exprimer mes sincères remerciements à S. Exc. Joseph Deiss, président de la 65ème session pour ses énormes efforts durant sa tenue. Je voudrais également féliciter S. Exc. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser pour son élection en tant que président de cette 66ème session de l’assemblée générale et je lui souhaite le succès.
Permettez-moi de profiter de ce moment pour rendre hommage à tous ceux qui ont perdu la vie cette année, particulièrement aux victimes de la tragique famine en Somalie et de la dévastatrice épidémie au Pakistan et spécialement du tremblement de terre et les explosions suivantes dans les centrales nucléaires au Japon. J’exhorte chacun à intensifier son assistance et son aide aux populations touchées dans ces pays.
Les années passées, j’ai parlé de différents problèmes mondiaux, et le besoin d’introduire des changements fondamentaux dans l’ordre international actuel.
Aujourd’hui, tenant compte des évolutions internationales, j’essaierai d’analyser la situation actuelle d’un angle différent.
Comme vous le savez tous, la domination et la supériorité des êtres humains sur les créatures se trouvent dans la nature même et la réalité de l’humanité, qui est un don divin et une manifestation de l’esprit divin comprenant : la foi en Dieu, qui est l’éternel créateur et architecte de l’univers ; montrer de la compassion envers les autres, la générosité, la recherche de la justice, faire valoir l’intégrité dans les mots et les actes ; la quête de dignité pour atteindre les sommets de la perfection, l’aspiration à élever la matière et le spirituel de tout un chacun, et le désir d’être libre ; défier l’oppression, la corruption, et la discrimination en supportant les opprimés ; rechercher le bonheur, et la prospérité durable et la sécurité pour tous.
Voici quelques-unes des manifestations des attributs communément humains et divins, que l’on peut clairement observer dans les aspirations historiques des êtres humains, comme le reflète l’héritage de nos recherches dans l’art et les travaux littéraires, prose et poésie, et dans les mouvements socio-culturels et politiques des êtres humains dans la course de l’histoire.
Tous les prophètes divins et réformateurs sociaux ont toujours invité les êtres humains à emprunter ce droit chemin.
Dieu a donné la dignité à l’humanité afin qu’elle élève son statut pour assumer son rôle de successeur sur la Terre.
Chers collègues et amis,
Il est particulièrement clair, que malgré les accomplissements historiques, par exemple la création des Nations Unies, qui a été le produit d’inlassables luttes et d’efforts d’esprits libres et d’individus cherchant la justice autant que de la coopération internationale, les sociétés humaines sont encore loin de satisfaire leurs nobles désirs et aspirations.
La plupart des nations du monde ne sont pas satisfaites des circonstances internationales actuelles.
Et malgré le désir général et l’aspiration à promouvoir la paix, le progrès et la fraternité, des guerres, des meurtres de masse, la pauvreté généralisée, les crises socio-économiques et politiques continuent de porter atteinte aux droits et souveraineté des nations, causant d’irréparables dommages de par le monde.
Trois milliards de personnes environ vivent avec moins de 2,5 dollars par jour, et plus d’un milliard vit sans avoir même un seul repas suffisant par jour. 40 % des populations les plus pauvres du monde se partagent seulement 5 % de la richesse globale, tandis que 20 % des plus riches détient 75 % de la richesse mondiale.
Plus de 20 000 enfants démunis et innocents meurent chaque jour à cause de la pauvreté.
Aux États-Unis, 80 % des ressources financières sont contrôlées par 10 % de la population, alors que 20 % de ces ressources appartient à 90 % de la population.
Quelles sont les causes et les raisons derrière ces inégalités ? Comment remédier à de telles injustices ?
Les dirigeants des cercles de gouvernance globale séparent la vie sociale de l’éthique et de la spiritualité tout en déclarant que la situation est le résultat de la poursuite du chemin de divins prophètes ou de la vulnérabilité des nations ou de la performance malade de petits groupes ou d’individus. Ils proclament que seules leurs opinions et approches peuvent sauver la société humaine.
Chers collègues et amis,
Ne pensez-vous pas que la cause fondamentale des problèmes devrait être considérée dans l’ordre international en vigueur, la manière dont le monde est gouverné ?
J’aimerais porter votre aimable attention sur les questions suivantes :
Qui a enlevé par la force des millions de personnes de leurs maisons en Afrique et d’autres régions du monde durant la sombre période de l’esclavage, faisant d’eux les victimes de leur avidité matérielle ?
Qui a imposé le colonialisme durant 4 siècles dans ce monde ?
Qui a occupé des terres et massivement spolié les ressources d’autres nations, détruisant les talents, les langues traditionnelles, les cultures et les identités de ces nations ?
Qui a déclenché les première et seconde guerres mondiales, qui ont tué 70 millions de personnes et des blessés ou mis à la rue des centaines de millions d’autres ?
Qui a lancé les guerres en Corée et au Vietnam ?
Qui a imposé, au moyen de la tromperie et de l’hypocrisie, le sionisme, et près de 60 ans de guerre, exclusion, terreur, et meurtre de masse sur le peuple Palestinien et les pays de la région ?
Qui a imposé et supporté pendant des décennies des dictatures militaires et des régimes totalitaires en Asie, Afrique et Amérique latine ?
Qui a utilisé la bombe nucléaire contre des personnes sans défense, et possède des milliers de têtes nucléaires dans ses arsenaux ?
Les économies de quels pays reposent sur la guerre et la vente d’armes ?
Qui a provoqué et encouragé Saddam Hussein à envahir et imposer une guerre de 8 ans à l’Iran, et qui l’a assisté et équipé à déployer des armes chimiques contre nos villes et notre peuple ?
Qui a utilisé l’incident mystérieux du 11 septembre comme un prétexte pour attaquer l’Afghanistan et l’Irak, en tuant, blessant et déplaçant de force des millions de personnes dans ces deux pays, avec comme objectif final la domination sur le Moyen-Orient et ses ressources pétrolières ?
Qui a mis fin au système de Bretton Woods en imprimant des milliards de dollars sans en avoir les réserves ou la monnaie équivalente ? Un changement qui a déclenché l’inflation dans le monde entier et qui avait pour but la prédation sur les gains économiques des autres nations ?
De quel pays la dépense militaire dépasse annuellement mille milliards de dollars, dépassant les budgets militaires cumulés de tous les autres pays du monde ?
Quels gouvernements sont les plus endettés du monde ?
Qui domine l’élaboration d’établissement des politiques sur l’économie mondiale ?
Qui est responsable pour la récession économique mondiale, et est en train d’imposer ses conséquences sur l’Amérique, l’Europe et le reste du monde ?
Quels gouvernements sont toujours prêts à lancer des milliers de bombes sur d’autres pays, mais tergiversent à fournir de l’aide aux personnes frappées par la pauvreté en Somalie ou d’autres pays ?
Quels sont ceux qui dominent le conseil de sécurité de l’ONU, qui est ostensiblement responsable de la sauvegarde de la sécurité du monde ?
Il existe quantité d’autres questions similaires. Évidemment, les réponses sont claires.
La majorité des nations et des gouvernements du monde n’ont eu aucun rôle dans la création des crises globales actuelles, et donc, elles ont été elles-mêmes victimes de telles politiques.
Il est aussi clair que la lumière du jour que les mêmes esclavagistes et pouvoirs coloniaux qui jadis ont déclenché les deux guerres mondiales ont maintenant causé la misère généralisée et le désordre avec des conséquences à long terme de par le monde depuis lors.
Chers collègues et amis,
Est-ce que ces pouvoirs arrogants ont réellement la compétence et la capacité de diriger ou gouverner le monde ?
Est-il acceptable qu’ils s’appellent eux-mêmes les uniques défenseurs de la liberté, la démocratie et les droits de l’homme, lorsqu’ils attaquent militairement et occupent d’autres pays ?
La fleur de la démocratie peut-être surgir des missiles de l’OTAN et de ses armes ?
Mesdames et Messieurs,
Si certains pays Européens utilisent encore l’Holocauste, après six décennies, comme excuse pour payer une rançon aux sionistes, ne devrait-il pas être une obligation pour les esclavagistes ou pouvoirs coloniaux de donner réparations aux nations concernées ?
Si les dommages et pertes de la période de l’esclavage et du colonialisme étaient compensés, qu’arriverait-il aux manipulateurs et pouvoirs politiques cachés aux États-Unis et en Europe ? Resterait-il des accrocs entre le Nord et Le Sud ?
Si seulement la moitié des dépenses militaires des États-Unis et de ses alliés à l’OTAN étaient prélevés pour aider à résoudre les problèmes économiques dans leurs propres pays, seraient-ils en train d’assister au moindre symptôme de crise économique ?
Qu’arriverait-il si la même somme était offerte aux nations pauvres ?
Quelle est la justification de la présence de centaines de militaires états-uniens et de bases de renseignement dans les différentes parties du monde, incluant 268 bases en Allemagne, 124 au Japon, 87 en Corée du Sud, 83 en Italie, 45 au Royaume-Uni, et 21 au Portugal ? Cela signifie-t-il autre chose que l’occupation militaire ?
Les bombes déployées dans les bases susdites ne mettent-elles pas en danger la sécurité de ces nations ?
Mesdames et Messieurs,
La question principale est la recherche de la cause fondamentale de telles attitudes.
La raison principale devrait être cherchée dans les croyances et les tendances de l’establishment.
Une assemblée de gens en contradiction avec les instincts humains propres et leurs dispositions, qui n’ont aussi aucune foi en Dieu et dans le chemin des divins prophètes justifient leur soif de pouvoir et leurs fins matérialistes par des valeurs divines.
Pour eux, seul le pouvoir et la richesse prévalent, et toute tentative doit amener à ces sinistres objectifs.
Les nations opprimées n’ont aucun espoir de restaurer ou protéger leurs droits légitimes contre ces pouvoirs.
Ces pouvoirs cherchent leur propre progrès, prospérité et dignité tout en imposant la pauvreté, l’humiliation et l’annihilation aux autres.
Ils se considèrent eux-mêmes supérieurs aux autres, jouissant de privilèges spéciaux et de concessions. Ils n’ont aucun respect pour les autres et violent aisément les droits des nations et des gouvernements.
Ils s’autoproclament comme les indiscutables gardiens de tous les gouvernements et nations à travers l’intimidation, recourent à la menace et la force, et abusent des mécanismes internationaux. Ils brisent simplement toutes les régulations internationales reconnues.
Ils insistent pour imposer leur style de vie et leurs croyances aux autres.
Ils appuient officiellement le racisme.
Ils affaiblissent les pays grâce à des interventions militaires, et détruisent leurs infrastructures, dans le but de piller leurs ressources, les rendant encore plus dépendants.
Ils sèment les graines de la haine et de l’hostilité parmi les nations et les peuples par différentes poursuites, afin de les empêcher de remplir leurs objectifs de développement et de progrès.
Toutes les cultures, les identités, les vies, les valeurs et la richesse des nations, femmes, jeunesse, familles, comme richesse des nations, sont sacrifiées à leurs désirs impérialistes et leur plaisir pour l’esclavagisme et la capture.
L’hypocrisie et la tromperie sont autorisées afin de sécuriser leurs intérêts et leurs buts impérialistes. Le trafic de drogues et la mort d’êtres humains innocents sont également autorisés dans la recherche de tels buts diaboliques. Malgré la présence de l’OTAN dans l’Afghanistan occupé, il y a eu une augmentation dramatique de la production de drogues illégales là-bas.
Ils ne tolèrent aucun questionnement ou critique, et au lieu de présenter des raisons pour leurs violations, ils se posent toujours dans la position d’inquisiteurs.
Au moyen de leur réseau de médias impérialistes, sous l’influence du colonialisme, ils menacent quiconque questionne l’holocauste et le 11-Septembre avec des sanctions et des actions militaires.
L’année dernière, lorsqu’un besoin de créer une équipe de recherche pour mener une enquête approfondie concernant les éléments cachés du 11-Septembre s’est mis en place ; une idée également soutenue par tous les gouvernements et nations indépendants, ainsi que la majorité des gens aux États-Unis, mon pays et moi-même avons subi des pressions et des menaces par le gouvernement des États-Unis.
Au lieu de mettre en place une équipe de recherche, ils ont tué le principal responsable et jeté son corps à la mer.
N’aurait-il pas été raisonnable de traduire en justice et de juger le principal responsable de l’événement afin d’identifier les éléments expliquant que les avions détournés pour attaquer les tours jumelles aient pu circuler librement dans l’espace aérien ?
Pourquoi n’aurait-il pas été possible de le traduire en justice afin d’identifier ceux qui ont commandité les groupes terroristes et apporté les guerres et d’autres malheurs dans la région ?
Y a-t-il une quelconque information qui doive être gardée secrète ?
Ils voient le sionisme comme une idée sacrée et une idéologie.
N’importe quelle question concernant sa véritable origine et histoire est condamnée par eux comme un pêché impardonnable. Toutefois ils approuvent et permettent des sacrilèges et des insultes contre les croyances d’autres divines religions.
Chers collègues et amis,
La liberté réelle, la justice, la dignité, le bien-être, et la sécurité durable sont les droits de toute nation.
Ces valeurs ne peuvent être achevées ni par la dépendance sur le système inefficace actuel de gouvernance, ni au travers de l’invasion du monde par des pouvoirs arrogants et les canons des forces de l’OTAN.
Ces valeurs pourront être atteintes seulement à travers l’indépendance et la reconnaissance des droits d’autrui dans l’harmonie et la coopération.
Y a-t-il une quelconque manière de résoudre les problèmes et les défis qui assaillent le monde en utilisant les mécanismes internationaux en vigueur pour aider l’humanité à réaliser ses aspirations de longue date, de sécurité et d’égalité ?
Tous ceux qui ont essayé d’introduire des réformes tout en préservant les normes et tendances en vigueur ont échoué. Les précieux efforts apportés par le mouvement des Non-Alignés, le groupe des 77 et le groupe des 15 tout comme quelques célèbres individus ont échoué à apporter des changements fondamentaux.
La gouvernance et la direction du monde requièrent des réformes fondamentales.
Que devrait-il être fait maintenant ?
Chers collègues et amis,
Des efforts doivent être faits avec une résolution ferme et grâce à la coopération collective pour créer un nouveau plan, sur la base des principes et la fondation même des droits universels humains comme le monothéisme, la justice, la liberté, l’amour et la recherche du bonheur.
L’idée de la création des Nations Unies reste un grand et historique succès pour l’humanité. Son importance doit être appréciée et ses capacités doivent être utilisées le plus possible pour nos nobles objectifs.
Nous ne devrions pas autoriser cette organisation, qui est le reflet de la volonté collective et l’aspiration partagée de la communauté des nations, à dévier de sa course principale et jouer dans les mains des pouvoirs mondiaux.
Un terrain favorable doit être préparé pour assurer la participation collective et l’implication des nations dans un effort pour promouvoir la paix durable et la sécurité.
La gestion partagée et collective du monde doit être réalisée dans sa vraie signification, et basée sur les principes soulignés et consacrés dans la loi internationale. La justice doit servir de critère et de base pour toutes les décisions et actions internationales.
Chacun d’entre nous devrait reconnaitre le fait qu’il n’y a pas d’autre moyen que la gestion partagée et collective du monde pour mettre fin aux désordres actuels, la tyrannie et la discrimination de par le monde.
C’est en fait la seule voie vers la prospérité et le bien-être de la société humaine qui est une vérité établie et vive.
Tout en reconnaissant cette vérité, chacun devrait remarquer que la reconnaissance seule n’est pas assez. Nous devons croire en elle et redoubler d’efforts pour sa réalisation.
Chers collègues et amis,
La gestion partagée et collective du monde est le droit légitime de toutes les nations, et nous en tant que représentants, avons une obligation de défendre leurs droits. Bien que certains pouvoirs essayent en permanence de bloquer tout effort international destiné à promouvoir la coopération collective, nous devons, toutefois, renforcer notre foi dans l’accomplissement de ce but poursuivi qui est d’établir une gestion partagée et collective du monde.
Les Nations Unies ont été créées pour mettre en place une participation effective de toutes les nations dans les processus de prise de décision internationale.
Nous savons tous que cet objectif n’a pas encore été rempli à cause de l’absence de justice dans les structures de gestion actuelle et des mécanismes de l’ONU.
La composition du conseil de sécurité est injuste et inéquitable. Par conséquent, des changements incluant la restructuration des Nations Unies sont considérés comme les demandes basiques des nations auxquelles qui doivent être posées par l’assemblée générale.
Durant la session de l’année dernière, j’ai insisté sur l’importance de cet objectif et appelé pour la désignation de la décennie actuelle comme la décennie de la gestion globale partagée et collective.
J’aimerais réitérer encore ma proposition. Je suis convaincu qu’à travers la coopération internationale, la vigilance, et les efforts des leaders mondiaux et des gouvernements, et en insistant sur la nécessité de la justice et l’appui des autres nations, nous puissions jeter les bases d’un brillant futur commun.
Ce mouvement est certainement sur son droit chemin de création, assurant un futur prometteur pour l’humanité.
Un futur qui sera construit lorsque l’humanité commencera à emprunter le chemin des divins prophètes et des justes sous le commandement de l’Imam Al-Mahdi, le sauveur ultime de l’humanité et l’héritier de tous les messagers divins et des meneurs et la génération pure de notre grand prophète.
La création d’une suprême et idéale société avec l’arrivée d’un être humain parfait qui est un vrai et sincère amoureux de tous les droits de l’homme, est la promesse garantie d’Allah.
Il viendra accompagné de Jésus Christ afin de mener les amoureux de la liberté et de la justice pour détruire la tyrannie et la discrimination, et promouvoir le savoir, la paix, la justice, la paix au travers du monde.
Il présentera à chaque individu toutes les merveilles du monde et toutes les bonnes choses qui amèneront le bonheur à l’humanité.
Aujourd’hui les nations se sont réveillées. Avec l’augmentation de la prise de conscience publique, elles ne subiront plus très longtemps les oppressions et les discriminations.
Le monde est désormais en train d’assister plus que jamais, au réveil étendu dans les terres islamiques, en Asie, en Europe, en Amérique. Ces mouvements leur ouvrent l’esprit un peu plus chaque jour et influencent la poursuite de la réalisation de la justice, de la liberté et la création d’un meilleur futur.
Notre grande nation se tient prête à joindre les mains à celles des autres nations pour emprunter ce magnifique chemin dans l’harmonie et en symbiose avec les aspirations partagées de l’humanité.
Laissez-nous saluer l’amour, la liberté, la justice, la sagesse et le futur merveilleux qui attend l’humanité.
Merci.
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
---
(source: http://cirqueminimeparis.blogspot.com/2011/09/change-of-address-post-full-text-of.html )
FULL TEXT of President Ahmadinejad's Address to the UN General Assemble, 22 September 2011.
The full text of the speech follows, courtesy of the United Nations:
Mr. President,
Excellencies,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I am grateful to the Almighty Allah who granted me, once more, the opportunity to appear before this world assembly. I have the pleasure to express my sincere thanks to H.E. Joseph Deiss, president of the sixty-fifth session for his tremendous efforts during his tenure. I also would like to congratulate H.E Nassir Abdulaziz AI-Nasser on his election as the president of sixty-sixth session of the General Assembly and wish him all success.
Let me seize the moment to pay tribute to all those who lost their lives in the past year, particularly to the victims of the tragic famine in Somalia and the devastating flood in Pakistan and especially the earthquake and the ensuing explosions in the nuclear power plant in Japan. I urge everyone to intensify their assistance and aid to the affected populations in these countries.
Over the past years, I spoke about different global issues, and the need to introduce fundamental changes in the current international order.
Today, considering the international developments, I will try to analyze the present situation from a different angle. As you all know the dominance and superiority of human beings over other creatures, lie in the very nature and the truth of humankind which is a divine gift and a manifestation of the divine spirit including: faith in God, who is the ever-lasting creator and planner of the entire universe.
Showing compassion to others, generosity, justice-seeking, and having integrity both in words and in deeds.
The quest for dignity to reach the pinnacles of perfection, the aspiration to elevate one's material and spiritual status, and the longing to realize liberty; Defying oppression, corruption, and discrimination in trying to support the oppressed; Seeking happiness, and lasting prosperity and security for all.
These are some of the manifestations of common divine and human attributes which can clearly be seen in the historical aspirations of human beings as reflected in the heritage of our search for art and literary works both in prose and poetry, and in the socio-cultural and political movements of human beings in the course of history.
All divine prophets and social reformers invited human beings to tread on this righteous path. God has given dignity to humankind to elevate his status to assume his successor role on Earth.
It is vividly clear that despite all historical achievements, including creation of the United-Nations, which was a product of untiring struggles and efforts of free-minded and justice-seeking individuals as well as the international cooperation, human societies are yet far from fulfilling their noble desires and aspirations.
Most nations of the world are unhappy with the current international circumstances. And despite the general longing and aspiration to promote peace, progress, and fraternity, wars, mass-murder, widespread poverty, and socioeconomic and political crises continue to infringe upon the rights and sovereignty of nations, leaving behind irreparable damage worldwide.
Approximately, three billion people of the world live on less than 2.5 dollars a day, and over a billion people live without having even one sufficient meal on a daily basis. Forty-percent of the poorest world populations only share five percent of the global income, while twenty percent of the richest people share seventy-five percent of the total global income.
More than twenty thousand innocent and destitute children die every day in the world because of poverty. In the United States, eighty percent of financial resources are controlled by ten percent of its population, while only twenty percent of these resources belong to the ninety percent of the population.
What are the causes and reasons behind these inequalities? How can bone remedy such injustice?
The rulers of the global management circles divide the social life from ethics and spirituality while claiming the situation is the outcome of the pursuit of the path of divine prophets or the vulnerability of nations or the ill performance of a few groups or individuals. They claim that only their views and approaches can save the human society.
Wouldn't you think that the root cause of the problems must be sought in the prevailing international order, or the way the world is governed? I would like to draw your kind attention to the following questions:
Who abducted forcefully tens of millions of people from their homes in Africa and other regions of the world during the dark period of slavery, making them a victim of their materialistic greed?
Who imposed colonialism for over four centuries upon this world?
Who occupied lands and massively plundered resources of other nations, destroyed talents, and alienated languages, cultures and identities of nations?
Who triggered the first and second world wars, that left seventy millions killed and hundreds of millions injured or homeless. Who created the wars in Korean peninsula and in Vietnam?
Who imposed, through deceits and hypocrisy, the Zionism and over sixty years of war, homelessness, terror and mass murder on the Palestinian people and on countries of the region?
Who imposed and supported for decades military dictatorship and totalitarian regimes on Asian, African, and Latin American nations?
Who used nuclear bomb against defenseless people, and stockpiled thousands of warheads in their arsenals?
Whose economies rely on waging wars and selling arms?
Who provoked and encouraged Saddam Hussein to invade and impose an eight-year war on Iran, and who assisted and equipped him to deploy chemical weapons against our cities and our people?
Who used the mysterious September 11 incident as a pretext to attack Afghanistan and Iraq , killing, injuring, and displacing millions in two countries with the ultimate goal of bringing into its domination the Middle East and its oil resources?
{HERE the US delegation picks up its shit and starts to walk out}
Who nullified the Breton Woods system by printing trillions of dollars without the backing of gold reserves or equivalent currency? A move that triggered inflation worldwide and was intended to prey on the economic gains of other nations?
Which country's military spending exceeds annually a thousand billion dollars, more than the military budgets of all countries of the world combined?
Which governments are the most indebted ones in the world?
Who dominates the policy-making establishments of the world economy?
Who are responsible for the world economic recession, and are imposing the consequences on America, Europe and the world in general?
Which governments are always ready to drop thousands of bombs on other countries, but ponder and hesitate to provide aid to famine-stricken people in Somalia or in other places?
Who are the ones dominating the Security Council which is ostensibly responsible for safeguarding the international security?
There exist tens of other similar questions. Of course, the answers are clear.
The majority of nations and governments of the world have had no role in the creation of the current global crises, and as a matter of fact, they were themselves the victims of such policies.
It is as lucid as daylight that the same slave masters and colonial powers that once instigated the two world wars have caused widespread misery and disorder with far-reaching effects across the globe since then.
Dear Colleagues and Friends;
Do these arrogant powers really have the competence and ability to run or govern the world. Is it acceptable that they call themselves the sole defender of freedom, democracy, and human rights, while they militarily attack and occupy other countries?
Can the flower of democracy blossom from NATO's missiles, bombs and guns?
Ladies and Gentlemen;
If some European countries still use the Holocaust, after six decades, as the excuse to pay fine or ransom to the Zionists, should it not be an obligation upon the slave masters or colonial powers to pay reparations to the affected nations?
{HERE the rest of IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH delegations begin their protracted walkout.}
If the damage and losses of the period of slavery and colonialism were indeed compensated, what would happen to the manipulators and behind-the-scene political powers in the United States and in Europe? Would there remain any gaps between the North and the South?
If only half of military expenditures of the United States and its allies in NATO was shifted to help solve the economic problems in their own countries, would they be witnessing any symptom of the economic crisis?
What would happen, if the same amount was allocated to poor nations?
What is the justification for the presence of hundreds of US military and intelligence bases in different parts of the world, including 268 bases in Germany, 124 in Japan, 87 in South Korea, 83 in Italy, 45 in the United Kingdom, and 21 in Portugal? Does this mean anything other than military occupation?
Don't the bombs deployed in the said bases undermine the security of other nations?
The main question is the quest for the root cause of such attitudes. The prime reason should be sought in the beliefs and tendencies of the establishment. An assembly of people in contradiction with the inner human instincts and disposition who also have no faith in God and in the path of the divine prophets, replace their lust for power and materialistic ends with heavenly values.
To them, only power and wealth prevail, and every attempt must bring into focus these sinister goals.
Oppressed nations have no hope to restore or protect their legitimate rights against these powers. These powers seek their progress, prosperity and dignity through imposing poverty, humiliation and annihilation to others.
They consider themselves superior to others, enjoying special privileges and concessions. They have no respect for others and easily violate the rights of all nations and governments.
They proclaim themselves as the indisputable custodians of all governments and nations through intimidation, recourse to threat and force, and abuse the international mechanisms. They simply break all the internationally recognized regulations.
They insist on imposing their lifestyle and beliefs on others. They officially support racism. They weaken countries through military intervention, and destroy their infrastructures, in order to plunder their resources by making them all the more dependent.
They sow the seeds of hate and hostility among nations and people of different pursuits, in order to prevent them from fulfilling their goals of development and progress.
All cultures, identities, lives, values and wealth of nations, women, youth, families as well as the wealth of nations are sacrificed to their imperialistic tendencies and their inclination to enslave and captivate others.
Hypocrisy and deceit are allowed in order to secure their interests and imperialistic goals. Drug- trafficking and killing of innocent human beings are also allowed in pursuit of such diabolic goals. Despite NATO's presence in the occupied Afghanistan, there has been a dramatic increase in the production of illicit drugs there.
They tolerate no question or criticism, and instead of presenting a reason for their violations, they always put themselves in the position of a claimant. By using their imperialistic media network which is under the influence of colonialism they threaten anyone who questions the Holocaust and the September 11 event with sanctions and military action.
Last year, when the need to form a fact-finding team to undertake a thorough investigation concerning the hidden elements involved in September 11 incident was brought up; an idea also endorsed by all independent governments and nations as well as by the majority in the United States, my country and myself came under pressure and threat by the government of the United States.
Instead of assigning a fact-finding team, they killed the main perpetrator and threw his body into the sea.
Would it not have been reasonable to bring to justice and openly bring to trial the main perpetrator of the incident in order to identify the elements behind the safe space provided for the invading aircraft to attack the twin world trade towers?
Why should it not have been allowed to bring him to trial to help recognize those who launched terrorist groups and brought wars and other miseries into the region?
Is there any classified information that must be kept secret?
They view Zionism as a sacred notion and ideology. Any question concerning its very foundation and history is condemned by them as an unforgivable sin.
However they endorse and allow sacrileges and insult against beliefs of other divine religions.
Dear Colleagues and Friends;
Real freedom, justice" dignity, well being, and lasting security are the rights of all nations. These values can neither be achieved by reliance on the current inefficient system of world governance, nor through the invasion of the world by arrogant powers and the gun barrels of NATO forces.
These values could only be realized through independence and recognition of others' rights and through harmony and cooperation.
Is there any way to address the problems and challenges besetting the world by using the prevailing international mechanisms and tools to help humanity achieve the long-standing aspiration of peace, security and equality?
All those who tried to introduce reforms whilst preserving the existing norms and tendencies have failed. The valuable efforts made by the Non-Aligned movement and Group 77 and GrouplS as well as by some prominent individuals have failed to bring fundamental changes.
Governance and management of the world require fundamental reforms.
What should be done now?
Dear Colleagnes and Friends;
Efforts must be made with a firm resolve and through collective cooperation to map out a new plan, on the basis of principles and the very foundation of universal human values such as Monotheism, justice, freedom, love and the quest for happiness.
The idea of creation of the United Nations remains a great and historical achievement of mankind. Its importance must be appreciated and its capacities must be used to the extent possible for our noble goals.
We should not allow this organization which is the reflection of the collective will and shared aspiration of the community of nations, to deviate from its main course and play into the hands of the world powers.
Conducive ground must be prepared to ensure collective participation and involvement of nations in an effort to promote lasting peace and security.
Shared and collective management of the world must be achieved in its true sense, and based on the underlying principles enshrined in the international law. Justice must serve as the criterion and the basis for all international decisions and actions.
All of us should acknowledge the fact that there is no other way than the shared and collective management of the world in order to put an end to the present disorders, tyranny, and discriminations worldwide.
This is indeed the sole way to prosperity and welfare of human society which is an established and vivid truth.
While acknowledging the above truth, one should note that acknowledgement alone is not enough. We must believe in it and spare no effort toward its realization.
Dear Colleagues and Friends;
Shared and collective management of the world is the legitimate right of all nations, and we as their representatives, have an obligation to defend their rights. Although some powers continuously try to frustrate all international efforts aimed at promoting collective cooperation, we must, however, strengthen our belief in achieving the perceived goal of establishing a shared and collective cooperation to run the world.
The United Nations was created to make effective participation of all nations in international decision-making processes, possible. We all know that this goal has not yet been fulfilled because of the absence of justice in the current management structures and mechanisms of the UN.
The composition of the Security Council is unjust and inequitable. Therefore, changes including the restructuring of the United Nations are considered the basic demands of the nations that must be addressed by the General Assembly.
During last year session, I emphasized the importance of this issue and called for the designation of the current decade as the decade of shared and collective Global Management.
I would like to reiterate again my proposal. I am sure that through international cooperation, diligence and efforts by committed world leaders and governments and through insisting on the realization of justice and the support of all other nations, we can expedite the building of a common bright future.
This movement is certainly on its rightful path of creation, ensuring a promising future for humanity. A future that will be built when humanity initiates to trend the path of the divine prophets and the righteous under the leadership of Imam al-Mahdi, the Ultimate Savior of mankind and the inheritor to all divine messengers and leaders and to the pure generation of our great Prophet.
The creation of a supreme and ideal society with the arrival of a perfect human being who is a true and sincere lover of all human beings, is the guaranteed promise of Allah.
He will come alongside with Jesus Christ to lead the freedom and justice lovers to eradicate tyranny and discrimination, and promote knowledge, peace, justice freedom and love across the world. He will present to every single individual all the beauties of the world and all good things which bring happiness for humankind.
Today nations have been awakened. With the increase in public awareness,they no longer succumb to oppressions and discriminations.
The world is now witnessing more than ever, the widespread awakening in Islamic lands, in Asia, Europe, and America. These movements are ever expanding their spirit everyday and influence the pursuit of the realization of justice, freedom and the creation of a better tomorrow.
Our great nation stands ready to join hands with other nations to march on this beautiful path in harmony and in line with the shared aspirations of mankind.
Let us salute love, freedom, justice, wisdom, and the bright future that awaits humankind.
Thank you.
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15:49 - province: gorizia; presentato progetto 'luoghi memoria'(ANSA) - GORIZIA, 30 SET - E' stato presentato oggi a Gorizia dall'assessore provinciale Federico Portelli il progetto ''Together We Grow'', finanziato dalla Commissione Europea e finalizzato a mantenere vivo il ricordo delle vittime del nazismo e dello stalinismo. Il progetto prevede momenti di incontro sui luoghi della memoria, facendo tappa nei prossimi 5, 6 e 7 ottobre a Verteneglio, Goli Otok e Rab, in Croazia. Tre giorni per soffermarsi sui crimini del nazismo e dello stalinismo, riflettendo sulle violazioni dei diritti umani ai giorni nostri. ''Una tematica particolarmente sentita in un contesto socio-culturale come quello del Friuli Venezia Giulia - ha sottolineato Portelli - regione di confine con una storia antica di migrazioni sofferte e di solidarieta' concreta, che pare incompatibile con una realta' come quella del Centro di Identificazione ed Espulsione di Gradisca d'Isonzo, presente proprio nel territorio isontino''. (ANSA). COM-GRT/MST
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